‫‪١‬‬

‫اﻹدارة اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺮاﻣﺞ اﻟﻤﺎﻟﯿﺔ واﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ‬

‫ﺑﺮاﻣﺞ اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ اﻻﻟﻲ واﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬
‫ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﻭﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺳﺎﱂ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻜﻲ ﺍﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺁﻝ ﺳﻌﺪ‬
‫‪١٤٢٦‬ﻫـ‬
‫‪٢‬‬

‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﳊﻠﻘﺔ‬

‫ﺍﳍﺪﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺑﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺑﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻭﻓﻖ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﻘﻨﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .١‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .٢‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .٣‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .٤‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.١‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪ Search Engines‬ﻭﺃﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪ Directories‬ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬
‫‪ .٥‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺷﺮﻃﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﺰﺓ‪( Google Toolbar & Yahoo Toolbar ) :‬‬
‫‪ .٦‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ ‪ People‬ﻭﺍﳍﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .٧‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ )ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻓﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺍﺹ ﺍﳌﺪﳎﺔ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ .٨‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺪﻳﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ )‪.(Images‬‬
‫‪ .٩‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳉﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .١٠‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﰲ‪ :‬ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺧﺒﺎﺭﻳﺔ ‪ ،News Groups‬ﻭﻭﻛﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻒ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .١١‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﻭﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﺕ ‪ ، Shopping‬ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺪﻳﺎﺕ ‪ ،Forum‬ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﺋﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ‪Mailing Lists‬‬
‫‪ .١٢‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .١٣‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ) ‪( Metadata‬‬
‫‪ .١٤‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ‪ Domains‬ﻭﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ‪Web‬‬
‫‪ Hosting‬ﺍ‪‬ﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﲰﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

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‫ﻓﻬﺮﺱ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ‪:‬‬

‫‪١٠‬‬ ‫• ﺍﳌﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫‪١٠‬‬ ‫• ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫• ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ) ‪( Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator‬‬
‫• ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬
‫‪١٣‬‬
‫• ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫‪١٥‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪:‬‬
‫‪٢٧‬‬ ‫• ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﱄ‬
‫‪٢٩‬‬ ‫• ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ )ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ( ‪:‬‬
‫‪٢٩‬‬ ‫♦ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻦ )‪.(+ , -‬‬
‫♦ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ‪ Links‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ‬
‫)‪..(Url; Host, Site; Inurl‬‬
‫‪٣٠‬‬ ‫♦ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‬
‫)‪.(defin‬‬
‫‪٣٢‬‬ ‫♦ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻦ )*()؟(‪.‬‬
‫‪٣٣‬‬ ‫♦ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﰲ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ )ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ(‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )‪.(title‬‬
‫‪٣٧‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

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‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪٦٤-٥٠‬‬ ‫• ﺃﺷﺮﻃﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﺰﺓ‪( Google Toolbar & Yahoo Toolbar ) :‬‬
‫• ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ) ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ (‬
‫ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ ‪ People‬ﻭﺍﳍﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫♦‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‪.‬‬ ‫♦‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ‪.‬‬ ‫♦‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ ‪.Images‬‬ ‫♦‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﰲ‪ :‬ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺧﺒﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫♦‬
‫‪ ،News Groups‬ﻭﻭﻛﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻒ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‪:‬‬
‫‪٧٨-٦٥‬‬ ‫• ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ‪:‬‬
‫♦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳉﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫♦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﻭﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﺕ ‪.Shopping‬‬
‫♦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺪﻳﺎﺕ ‪.Forum‬‬
‫♦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ‪Mailing‬‬
‫‪.Lists‬‬
‫• ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‪:‬‬
‫‪٩٠-٨٠‬‬ ‫• ﻭﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ) ‪( Metadata‬‬
‫• ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ‪ Domains‬ﻭﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ‪ Web Hosting‬ﺍ‪‬ﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﲰﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪٩١‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

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‫ﻓﻬﺮﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺭﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ‪:‬‬

‫‪١٨‬‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(١‬ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑﲔ‬
‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻮﻗﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٢‬ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ‬
‫‪١٩‬‬ ‫ﺑﲔ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻮﻗﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٣‬ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑﲔ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ‬
‫‪٢٠‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻮﻗﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٤‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪٢١‬‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٥‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻴﺎﱐ ) ;‪and‬‬
‫‪٢٢‬‬ ‫‪.(or; not‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ‪:‬‬

‫‪٣٩‬‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٦‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻗﻲ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )‪.(Host‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٧‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ‪ Links‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ‬
‫‪٤٠‬‬ ‫)‪.(Url; Site; Inurl‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٨‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫‪٤١‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )‪.(filetype‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٩‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﰲ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ‬
‫‪٤٢‬‬ ‫)ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ( ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )‪.(in title‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(١٠‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )‪(allintitle‬‬
‫‪٤٣‬‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(١١‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )‪( related‬‬
‫‪٤٤‬‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(١٢‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺨﺒﺄﺓ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‬
‫)‪(cache‬‬
‫‪٤٥‬‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(١٣‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )‪(define‬‬
‫‪٤٦‬‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(١٤‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻦ )*()؟(‪.‬‬
‫‪٤٧‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٦‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪٥٦/٥٥‬‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(١٧/١٦‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ‪.‬‬
‫‪٥٧‬‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(١٨‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪١٩‬‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(١٩‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‪.‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٢١/٢٠‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ )ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ‪،‬‬
‫‪٦٠/٥٩‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻓﻼﻡ ﻭﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ‪...‬ﺍﱁ(‪.‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٢٢‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺧﺒﺎﺭﻳﺔ ‪News‬‬
‫‪٦١‬‬ ‫‪ groups‬ﻭﻭﻛﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٢٣‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪٦٣‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‪:‬‬
‫‪٦٨‬‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٢٤‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳉﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪٦٩‬‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٢٥‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﻭﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪٧٠‬‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٢٦‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺪﻳﺎﺕ ‪.Forum‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٢٧‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﻭﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ‪Mailing‬‬
‫‪٧١‬‬ ‫‪.Lists/Groups‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٢٩/٢٨‬ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫‪٧٤-٧٣‬‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٣٠‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ‪Library‬‬
‫‪٧٥‬‬ ‫‪ Catalogs‬ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪:(٣١‬ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻓﻬﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫‪٧٦‬‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٣٢‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﰲ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪٧٨‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‪:‬‬
‫‪٨٥‬‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٣٣‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ‪ metadata‬ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻭﺃﳘﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٣٤‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ‪ Domains‬ﻭﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬
‫‪٨٦‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ‪.Web hosting‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٣٥‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫‪٨٧‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٧‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﱯ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٨‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﱯ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬

‫ﺍﳍﺪﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﱯ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺔ‬

‫‪ ٥٠‬ﻕ ﺍﻹﳌﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫• ﺍﳌﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫• ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬

‫‪ ٢٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﻣﺘﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬

‫• ‪Internet Explorer‬‬
‫• ‪Netscape Navigator‬‬

‫‪ ٣٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (١‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٢٠‬ﻕ ﺇﻛﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﰲ ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﻭﻃﺮﻕ ﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬

‫‪ ٢٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ )‪ (١‬ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﺑﻌﺾ‬

‫ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑﲔ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻮﻗﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٢٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ )‪ (٢‬ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑﲔ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻮﻗﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪٢٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ )‪ (٣‬ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﺩﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑﲔ‬
‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﻮﻗﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٩‬‬

‫ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٤‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ‪ ٢٠‬ﻕ‬
‫ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٥٠‬ﻕ ﺇﻛﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﻭ ﺇﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﻻﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٥‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ‪ ٣٠‬ﻕ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻴﺎﱐ‪.‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٦‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ‪ ٢٠‬ﻕ‬
‫ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﱯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺘﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

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‫ﺍﳌﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺘﱪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭ ﺇﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻷﲝﺎﺙ ﺛﺎﱐ ﺃﻛﱪ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﱐ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺃﺿﺤﺖ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﳍﺎﺋﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﻊ‬
‫ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻏﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺯﻝ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺃﺻﺒﺢ ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻊ ﻣﻐﺮﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺎ ﳌﺎ ﳚﺪﻭﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﻌﺔ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻹﲝﺎﺭ ﰲ ﻋﺎﳌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺮﻱ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻟﻜﻦ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﻠﻎ ﻣﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﲟﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎ‪‬ﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﺒﻘﻰ ﲝﺎﺟﺔ ﻣﺎﺳﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﰲ ﺇﳚﺎﺩ ﺿﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﺑﲔ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﻢ ﺍﳍﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ‬
‫ﺗﺒﺘﻠﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﰲ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻻ ﻭﻫﻲ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪ Search Engines‬ﺍﻟﱵ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﰲ ﺇﳚﺎﺩ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﻏﺐ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻧﺒﺶ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻕ ﻭ ﻭﺿﻊ ﳏﺘﻮﻳﺎ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻐﻤﻮﺭﺓ ﺑﲔ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﻓﺮﺓ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻭﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻭ ﳎﻨﺒﺔ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻉ‬
‫ﰲ ﻣﺘﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﲢﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭ ﺻﻘﻞ ﺍﻷﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﺍﳌﺘﺒﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﻐﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‪ .‬ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﻳﺪﺭﻙ ﺃﻏﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﲝﻮﺛﻬﻢ ﻭ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﺘﻌﻄﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﺪﻗﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻐﻴﺐ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻌﻄﻲ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ‬
‫ﻭ ﺃﺩﻕ ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪:‬‬

‫ﲣﺘﻠﻒ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺁﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻀﻤﻮ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﳑﺎ ﺩﻋﻰ ﺇﱃ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻔﻬﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺁﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﶈﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ )ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ(‪ .‬ﻭ ﺳﺂﰐ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺃﳘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .١‬ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ )‪:(Foreign Search Engines‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻘﺼﻮﺩ ﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ )ﺃﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ( ﻫﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻫﻲ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﶈﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﳝﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻏﲑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﶈﺮﻛﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﳏﺮﻙ ﺃﻟﺘﺎﻓﻴﺴﺘﺎ‬
‫‪ Altavista,‬ﻏﻮﻏﻞ ‪ Google,‬ﻭ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺇﻛﺴﺎﻳﺖ‪Excite.‬‬
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‫‪ .٢‬ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ )‪:(Specialized Search Engines‬‬

‫ﻳﻌﺘﱪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺫﻭ ﺃﳘﻴﺔ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻌﻴﺪ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺍﻷﲝﺎﺙ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻬﻨﺎﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﳑﻦ ﳚﺮﻭﻥ ﺃﲝﺎﺛﺎ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺒﺤﺜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﰲ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻜﻠﻔﻮﻥ ﻋﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﻣﻮﻥ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻏﲑ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺃﺿﺤﻰ ﺃﺳﻬﻞ ﺑﻜﺜﲑ‬
‫ﳑﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﶈﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺳﺂﰐ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﻬﻢ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻟﻠﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﳌﺎ ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ‪،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻘﺪﻡ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬
‫ﲝﺚ ﺇﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺭﺍﺋﻌﺔ ﰲ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ‪:‬‬
‫‪www.infinisource.com/search-engines.html‬‬

‫‪ .٣‬ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴﺔ )‪:( Intelligent Agents‬‬

‫ﳚﻤﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺑﲔ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻭ ﻳﻨﻔﺮﺩ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﲟﻴﺰﺓ ﻫﺎﻣﺔ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻭ ﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﲢﻤﻴﻞ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﳐﺼﺼﺔ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﶈﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﳘﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﻧﻴﻮﺯﺭﻭﻓﺮ ‪ News Rover:‬ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩﻩ‪ .‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻳﻌﺘﱪ ﳏﺮﻙ ﳐﺘﺺ ﺑﻌﺎﱂ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻖ‬
‫ﺑﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺗﻔﺮﻋﺎﺗﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺇﻧﻔﻮﻣﺎﻏﻨﻴﺖ ‪ Info Magnet:‬ﻭ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴﺔ ﶈﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎ‪‬ﺎﻝ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻳﺴﻬﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻭ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻤﺘﻊ ‪‬ﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺇﻧﻔﻮ ﻏﻴﺖ ‪ Info gate:‬ﻟﻌﻠﻪ ﺃﲨﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﻌﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺒﺴﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﳝﺘﺎﺯ ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻀﻼ ﻋﻦ ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﲢﻤﻴﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‪ .‬ﻭ ﳝﻜﻨﻚ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﻊ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﺍ‪‬ﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻭ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‬

‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪:‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

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‫ﳏﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪(search engine) ١‬ﻫﻮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻳ‪‬ﺘﻴﺢ ﻟﻠﻤ‪‬ﺴﺘﺨﺪ‪‬ﻣﲔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚﹶ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﳏﺪﺩﺓ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ )ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ ﻭﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ‪ FTP‬ﻭ ﺗﻠﻨﺖ ‪(Telnet))،‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﺘﺄﻟﻒ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﺔ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬

‫•ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ‪. ( spider program) .‬‬

‫• ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﳌﹸﻔﻬﺮﹺﺱ )‪.(Indexer program‬‬
‫• ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .١‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ‬
‫ﺗ‪‬ﺴﺘﺨﺪ‪‬ﻡ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ )‪ (spider‬ﻹﳚﺎﺩ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ‬
‫ﻹﺿﺎﻓﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺃﻳﻀﺎﹰ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺣﻒ )‪ (crawler‬ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳ‪‬ﺒﺤﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪‬ﺪﻭﺀ ﻟﺰﻳﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ ﻭﺍﻻﻃﻼﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳏﺘﻮﻳﺎ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻣﺆﺷﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ )‪ ،(title‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ )‪ (keywords‬ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻳﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﱃ ﳏﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﳏﺪ‪‬ﺩﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻴﺘﺎ )‪ (Meta tags‬ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻻ ﺗﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﺯﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺑﻞ‬
‫ﻳﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺗ‪‬ﻌﻘﱡﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ )‪ (links‬ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﺰﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﻘﺎﺓ ﰲ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺎﺭﺱ ﶈﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﶈﺮﻙ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩﺓ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﱂ ﺗﻐﺐ ﻓﻜﺮﺓ ﺗﻐﲑ ﺍﶈﺘﻮﻯ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺑﺎﻝ ﻣﺼﻤﻤﻲ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ‬
‫ﻳﻨﻈﻢ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺯﻳﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﻔﻬﺮﺳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .٢‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﳌﹸﻔﻬﺮﺱ‬
‫ﻳ‪‬ﻤﺜﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﳌﹸﻔﹶﻬﺮﹺﺱ )‪ ،(index program‬ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﻟﻮﺝ )‪ (catalogue‬ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫)‪ (database‬ﺿﺨﻤﺔ ﺗ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﺻ‪‬ﻒ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗ‪‬ﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ‬
‫ﺣ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ )‪ (spider‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻳﲑ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭﺍﹰ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﲣﺘﻠﻒ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻳﲑ‪ ،‬ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺧﻮﺍﺭﺯﻣﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﺑﻘﺔ )‪.(ranking algorithms‬‬

‫‪ 1‬اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺒﯿﻮﺗﺮ واﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪. http://www.c4arab.com/showac.php?acid=292 .‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪١٣‬‬

‫‪ .٣‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬

‫ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ )‪ (search engine program‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬
‫)‪ (keyword‬ﰲ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ )‪ (search box‬؛ ﺇﺫ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﻭﻳﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻘﻖ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﳌﹸﻔﻬﺮﺱ ﰲ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ )‪ ،(index database‬ﰒ ﺗ‪‬ﻌﺮ‪‬ﺽ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﺑﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻃﻠﺒﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﳌﹸﺴﺘﺨﺪ‪‬ﻡ ﰲ ﻧﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺍﳌﹸﺴﺘﻌﺮﺽ ‪(browser window).‬‬

‫ﺃﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪٢‬‬
‫ﻳ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺪ‪ ‬ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ ‪ (Web directory)،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﹸﺮﺷﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﻟﻮﺝ ‪(catalogue or guide)،‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔﹰ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﻮ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺹ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ ،‬ﰎ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﲜﻬﺪ ﺑﺸﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻋﻄﻴﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺗﻌﱪ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﳏﺘﻮﻳﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻐﻄﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺮﺗﺐ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﻖ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ ﻫﺮﻣﻲ ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﺑﺎﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﻳﺘﻔﺮﻉ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﲣﺼﺼﻴﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﲔ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﻻ ﳜﻠﻮ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺇﻻ ﻭﲝﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﻓﻖ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺘﲔ ﺍﺛﻨﺘﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬
‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺘﲔ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎ ﻭﺷﻴﻮﻋﺎ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺗﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺘﺎﻥ ﳘﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻻﹰ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪،‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎﹰ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ‪،‬‬

‫‪ 2‬اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺒﯿﻮﺗﺮ واﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪. http://www.c4arab.com/showac.php?acid=292 .‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪١٤‬‬

‫ﻛﻞ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﺗﲔ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺘﲔ ﲣﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﰲ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﱵ ﳓﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻵﻥ ﻟﻨﺸﺮﻉ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺋﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .١‬ﺇﻥ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻳﻔﻬﺮﺱ ﻭﻳﻜﺸﻒ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺁﱄ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻭﺍﺣﻒ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻛﺐ )ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻮﺕ(‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺗﺘﻢ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺔ ﻭﺗﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻐﻄﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳛﺪﺩ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻳﺪﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺇﺩﺭﺍﺟﻪ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .٢‬ﺇﻥ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻐﻄﻴﻬﺎ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺑﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻐﻄﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺿﺨﻢ ﳏﺮﻙ ﲝﺚ ﻳﻐﻄﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺑﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺭﺑﻊ ﺍﳌﻠﻴﺎﺭ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺃﺿﺨﻢ‬
‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ )ﻳﺎﻫﻮ( ﻻ ﻳﻜﺎﺩ ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﳌﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .٣‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺷﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﳛﺘﺎﺝ ﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺟﻴﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ ﺃﺳﻬﻞ ﺑﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻳﻔﻴﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺉ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬
‫ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﻋﺪﺩﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﻘﺎﺓ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﳏﺪﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻳﻨﻄﻮﻱ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻗﺪ ﻻ ﳛﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺉ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ )ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﻫﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ(‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻌﻴﺐ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺃ‪‬ﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﻣﻘﻴﺪﺓ )ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﳍﺮﻣﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫‪.٥‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻻ ﺷﻚ ﻳﻔﻘﺪﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺇﺫﺍ ﱂ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺇﺩﺭﺍﺟﻬﺎ ﲢﺖ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﳍﺮﻣﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﻼﺣﻖ )ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﲔ‬ ‫‪.٦‬‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ(‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺍﳌﺴﺒﻖ )ﲟﻌﲎ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺗﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻗﺒﻞ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﺳﲔ ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﳌﻜﺸﻔﲔ(‪.‬‬
‫ﲢﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺮﺓ ﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪.٧‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .٨‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺗﻜﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻱ‬
‫ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﳐﺮﺟﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻗﻮﺭﻥ ﲟﺨﺮﺟﺎﺕ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .٩‬ﺇﻥ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺣﺪﺩﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺺ‬
‫)ﺍﳌﻜﺸﻒ‪/‬ﺍﳌﻔﻬﺮﺱ( ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻗﺎﻡ ‪‬ﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺑﲔ‬
‫ﻓﻬﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻜﺸﻒ‪/‬ﺍﳌﻔﻬﺮﺱ ﻭﺑﲔ ﻣﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﺍﻩ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻜﺸﻒ‪/‬ﺍﳌﻔﻬﺮﺱ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﻼﱐ ﺣﻘﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﺭﺝ ﲢﺖ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻔﻼﱐ ﻗﺪ ﻻ ﻳﻮﺍﻓﻘﻪ‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

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‫ﻣﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ )ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ ﻟﻠﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ .١٠‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ ﳓﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﲝﺚ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﺟﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻏﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﳍﺎ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﲟﺎ ﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻔﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ )ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺍﳌﺰﻳﻒ ﺑﲔ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺮﺟﻌﺔ(‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﱵ ﳓﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﺍﺕ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .١١‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺣﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻘﻴﺪﺍ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻠﺰﻣﺎ ﺑﺄﻱ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﻜﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻠﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﺝ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ﺣﱴ ﳚﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻐﻴﺘﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .١٢‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻗﺪ ﻻ ﲢﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﲝﺜﻚ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﻜﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﰲ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻓﺈﻧﻚ ﲢﺘﺎﺝ ﻷﻥ ﲢﺪﺩ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﲝﺚ ﺟﻴﺪﺓ‪،‬‬

‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﶈﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﰲ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﻟﻶﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺪﻭﺭ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﻥ ﺗﻔﻴﺪﻧﺎ ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻻ‬
‫ﳝﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .١‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ ‪:Keyword Searching‬‬

‫ﻳﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣ ﹰﺎ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﲨﻴﻊ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻃﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺚ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﲤﻴﻴﺰ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﰲ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﳌـﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﰲ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﳎﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﶈﺮﻛﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺎﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻣﻨـﻬﺎ ﻫﻴـﺊ ﻟﻠﺒﺤـﺚ ﻋـﻦ‬
‫ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﻗـﻊ ﻭﺍﻟـﱵ ﺗﻌـﺪ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻋﻼﻗـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻐﺎﻟﺒـﺎﹰ ﻣـﺎ ﻳـﺘﻢ ﺗﻜـﺸﻴﻒ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﰒ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺘﻜﺮﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﶈﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺗﺄﺧﺬ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗـﺮﺩ ﰲ ﺻـﻔﺤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺻـﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﻗـﻊ ﻣﺎﻋـﺪﺍ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻒ ‪ Stop Words‬ﻣﺜﻞ "‪ "a‬ﻭ "‪ "an‬ﻭ "‪ "the‬ﻭ "‪ "is‬ﻭ "‪ "and‬ﻭ "‪ "or‬ﻭ "‪ ، "www‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺑﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﻳﻘـﻮﻡ ﳏـﺮﻙ ﻻﻳﻜـﻮﺱ ﺑﺘﻜـﺸﻴﻒ‬
‫ﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟــﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪ ،Title‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨــﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴــﺴﺔ ‪ ، Headings‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨــﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴــﺔ ‪،Sub-heading‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ‪ Hyperlinks‬ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻭﻝ ‪ ٢٠‬ﺳﻄﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

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‫ﻋﻴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ ﻋﻴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .١‬ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺠﺌـﺔ ﻣﺜـﻞ ) ‪hard cider,‬‬
‫‪ (hard stone, a hard exam, and the hard drive‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻜـﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﻴﺠـﺔ ﻋـﺪﺩ‬
‫ﻛﺒﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .٢‬ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﺮﺟﻊ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺟﺬﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﲨﻴـﻊ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻌـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺘﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ "‪ "big‬ﻓﺴﻮﻑ ﻳﺴﺘﺮﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ "‪ "bigger‬ﻭ‬
‫"‪ ، "biggest‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻖ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﻣﺜﻞ "‪ "car‬ﺃﻭ "‪ "cars‬ﻭﻻ ﺍﳊﺎﺿـﺮ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ "‪ "return‬ﺃﻭ "‪."returned‬‬

‫‪ .٢‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻨﻘﺢ ‪:Refined or Advanced Search‬‬

‫ﺗﺘﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺚ ﺑﺎﺳـﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺚ ﺍﳌـﻨﻘﺢ ‪refined‬‬
‫‪ search‬ﻭﻳـﺴﻤﻰ ﻛـﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤـﺚ ﺍﳌﻮﺳـﻊ ‪ ،Advanced search‬ﻭﺫﻟـﻚ ﺑﺎﻹﺿـﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﺳـﻠﻮﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺘﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧـﻼﻝ ﺇﺗﺎﺣـﺔ ﻋـﺪﺓ ﻧﻮﺍﻓـﺬ‬
‫ﻹﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﳏﺪﺩﺍﺕ ﺟﺎﻫﺰﺓ ﻛﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺒﻌﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺮﻏﻮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﳍﺎ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺘﻴﺢ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺮﻏﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻛﺎﻟﻮﻳﺐ ‪ Web‬ﺃﻭ ﳎﻤﻮﻋـﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺒـﺎﺭ ﻣﺜـﻞ ‪ ، usenet‬ﺃﻭ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳـﺪ ﺍﳉـﺰﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺣﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ‪.URL‬‬

‫‪ .٣‬ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻴﺎﱐ ‪(And, Or, Not) :Boolean Search‬‬

‫ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻴـﺎﱐ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﺳـﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﳌﻌـﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﻴـﺔ ‪Boolean Operators‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴــﺔ‪ ) :‬ﻭ ‪ (And‬ﻭ ) ﺃﻭ ‪ (or‬ﻭ ) ﻟــﻴﺲ ‪ ،(Not‬ﻭﺫﻟــﻚ ﻟﻠﺒﺤــﺚ ﻋــﻦ ﺍﳌــﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤــﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﻌﺎﺩ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ )ﺃﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ، (٢‬ﻭﻟﻜﻞ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺭﺑـﻂ ﻣﻌـﲎ ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ) .١‬ﻭ ‪ :(And‬ﻭﺗﻌﲏ ﺃﻥ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﲝﺚ ﻋﻨـﻬﺎ ﳚـﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻈﻬـﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺛـﺎﺋﻖ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ) .٢‬ﺃﻭ ‪ :( Or‬ﻭﺗﻌﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﲝـﺚ ﻋﻨـﻬﺎ ﳚـﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻈﻬـﺮ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪١٧‬‬

‫‪ ) .٣‬ﻟﻴﺲ ‪ :( Not‬ﻭﺗﻌﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺣﺪﺩ‪‬ﺎ ﳚـﺐ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻻ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ :(٢‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻴﺎﱐ‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪١٨‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ ) ‪( ١‬‬

‫ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑﲔ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﻮﻗﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻣﺘﺼﻔﺢ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪ ، Internet Explorer‬ﰒ ﺃﺧﺘﺮ ﺑﻌﺾ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﳛﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺑـ ) ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪ ( Search Engines‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﳛﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺑـ‬
‫) ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ( ﻭ ) ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﲝﺚ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻳﻨﺼﺢ ‪‬ﺎ ( ﻭﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﺛﻨﲔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻭﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﳑﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻛﻞ ﳏﺮﻙ ﲝﺚ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫__‬

‫ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫__‬
‫ﺍﻹﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫__‬
‫ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ‪.‬‬ ‫__‬
‫ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ ) ‪. ( ... Subject ، Keywords‬‬ ‫__‬
‫ﻏﲑ ﺫﻟﻚ ‪.‬‬ ‫__‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪١٩‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ ) ‪( ٢‬‬

‫ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑﲔ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﻮﻗﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫ﻗــﻢ ﺑﺘــﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻣﺘــﺼﻔﺢ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧــﺖ ‪ ، Internet Explorer‬ﰒ ﺃﺧﺘــﺮ ﺑﻌــﺾ ﳏﺮﻛــﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤــﺚ‬
‫ﺍﳌـﺎﻝ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﺑـ ) ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺎﺕ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ (‬
‫ﻭﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺃﺛﻨﲔ ﰲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍ‪‬ﺎﻝ ﻭﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﳑﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻛﻞ ﳏﺮﻙ ﲝﺚ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ‪:‬‬

‫__ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫__ ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫__ ﺍﻹﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫__ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ‪.‬‬
‫__ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ ) ‪. ( ... Subject ، Keywords‬‬
‫__ ﻏﲑ ﺫﻟﻚ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٢٠‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ ) ‪(٣‬‬

‫ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑﲔ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﻮﻗﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻣﺘﺼﻔﺢ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪ ، Internet Explorer‬ﰒ ﺃﺧﺘﺮ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻬـﺎ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﳛﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ ) ﺃﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪. ( Directories‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺃﺛﻨﲔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﳑﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻛﻞ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ‪:‬‬

‫__ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫__ ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫__ ﺍﻹﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫__ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ‪.‬‬
‫__ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ ) ‪. ( ... Subject ، Keywords‬‬
‫__ ﻏﲑ ﺫﻟﻚ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٢١‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ ) ‪( ٤‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫ﺃﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺣﺪ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﳛﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺏ ﰒ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫__ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﱵ ﰎ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ ‪.‬‬

‫__ ﻫﻞ ﻟﺘﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﲟﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ) ﳝﻜﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻭﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﳏﺘﻮﻳﺎ‪‬ﺎ ( ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٢٢‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ ) ‪( ٥‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻴﺎﱐ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫ﺃﲝﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﺣﺪ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﰎ‬
‫) ; ‪And‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٤‬ﻣﺮﺍﻋﻴﺎﹰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻴﺎﱐ‬
‫‪(OR ; NOT‬‬
‫ﰒ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ١‬ـ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻞ ‪= And‬‬

‫‪ ٢‬ـ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻞ ‪= OR‬‬
‫‪ ٣‬ـ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻞ ‪= NOT‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٢٣‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٢٤‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﱯ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٢٥‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﱯ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﰐ‬

‫ﺍﳍﺪﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﱯ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺔ‬

‫ﺇﻛﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫‪ ٥٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﰲ‬ ‫• ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻻﻣﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬
‫ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪.‬‬ ‫) ‪( Host, Site‬‬
‫• ﲤــﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗــﻢ )( ﺍﻟﺒﺤــﺚ ﰲ ‪ ٢٥‬ﻕ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﺳـﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(Host‬‬
‫‪ ٢٥‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )( ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻣﺮ ) ‪( site‬‬
‫ﺇﻛﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫‪ ٥٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻣﺮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﰲ‬ ‫)‪(filetype, title, cache‬‬
‫ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪.‬‬
‫• ﲤــﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗــﻢ )( ﺍﻟﺒﺤــﺚ ﰲ ‪٢٥‬ﻕ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗـــﻊ ﻋــــﻦ ﺍﳌﻠﻔــــﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(filetype‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗـﻢ )( ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺚ ﻋـﻦ ‪٢٥‬ﻕ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿــﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗــﺔ‬
‫ﰲ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ )ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ( ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪(title):‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗـﻢ )( ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺚ ﻋـﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(cache‬‬
‫ﺇﻛﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫‪٥٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻻﻭﺍﻣﺮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﰲ‬ ‫)?( ‪(define ),(*),‬‬
‫ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٢٦‬‬

‫• ﲤــﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗــﻢ )( ﺍﻟﺒﺤــﺚ ﰲ ‪٢٥‬ﻕ‬

‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗــــﻊ ﻋــــﻦ ﺑﻌــــﺾ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪:‬‬
‫)*(‬
‫• ﲤــﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗــﻢ )( ﺍﻟﺒﺤــﺚ ﰲ ‪٢٥‬ﻕ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗــــﻊ ﻋــــﻦ ﺑﻌــــﺾ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬
‫)?(‬
‫• ﲤــﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗــﻢ )( ﺍﻟﺒﺤــﺚ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗــــﻊ ﻋــــﻦ ﺑﻌــــﺾ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ) ‪(define‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٢٧‬‬

‫ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﱄ‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺗﺄﻛﺪ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺳﻬﻠﺔ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﺘﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﺔ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎﹰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻠﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻬﺎﺭﺓ ﻭ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺳﻮﻑ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﻋﺪﺩﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﺎﺏ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻼﻭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﺪﺩﺍﹰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺋﺢ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ ﳛﺴﻦ ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻢﹴ ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻔﻴﺪ ﺃﻭﻻﹸ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﶈﺮﻙ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ‬
‫ﺗﻮﻇﻔﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺣﺪﺩ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ )ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﳏﺪﺩ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﳏﺪﺩﺓ ( ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻨﻪ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﻻ ﺗﻜﺘﻒ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﰲ ﻋﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺍﺩﻓﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻴﻎ‬
‫ﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ )ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﰲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﺍ‪‬ﺮﺩﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺻﻴﻎ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩ ﻭﰲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﶈﺴﻮﺳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺻﻴﻎ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ )ﻣﺜﻞ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳉﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻄﻒ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٧‬ﻛﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﳌﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﺘﺪﺍﺧﻼﺗﻪ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٨‬ﰲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻗﻨﺎﻋﺘﻚ ﺑﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﲝﺜﻚ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺘﻴﺤﻪ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﳏﺪﺩ ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ‬
‫ﳏﺮﻙ ﲝﺚ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٠‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﱂ ﺗﻜﻦ ﻣﺮﺗﺎﺣﺎﹰ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﳏﺮﻙ ﲝﺚ ﻣﺎ ﺣﺎﻭ ﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﳏﺮﻙ ﲝﺚ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺈﻣﻜﺎﻧﻚ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﳏﺮﻙ ﲝﺚ ﳚﻤﻊ ﻋﺪﺩﺍﹰ ﻣﻦ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١١‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮ )‪ (wildcard‬ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺑـ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﰲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺗﻮﺳﻴﻊ‬
‫ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٢‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺑﺪﻳﻼﹰ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٣‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺮﺟﻌﺔ ﻛﺜﲑﺍﹰ ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻀﻴﻖ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﱪ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ‬
‫‪/‬ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﻲ ﻭ ‪. AND‬‬
‫‪ -١٤‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ )ﻟﻴﺲ ‪ /‬ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ ‪ ( NOT‬ﺃﻳﻀﺎﹰ ﻟﺘﻀﻴﻖ ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٢٨‬‬

‫‪ -١٥‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺮﺟﻌﺔ ﻗﻠﻴﻼﹰ ﺣﺎﻭ ﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻊ ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﱪ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ‪ /‬ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﻲ )ﺃﻭ( ‪. OR‬‬
‫‪ -١٦‬ﻭﺳﻊ ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺃﻳﻀﺎﹰ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﲨﻴﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﴰﻮﻻﹸ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﺩﺧﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺣﺼﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٢٩‬‬

‫ﺃﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﰲ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬

‫‪ .١‬ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ‪+‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻱ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ‪...‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺘﲔ ‪ school‬ﻭ ‪ teacher‬ﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪‬ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ‪: -‬‬

‫‪school +teacher‬‬

‫‪ -٢‬ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻱ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻭ ﻻﲢﻮﻱ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪ school‬ﻭ ﻻ ﲢﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪ teacher‬ﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪‬ﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ‪: -‬‬

‫‪school -teacher‬‬

‫‪ -٣‬ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺼﻴﺺ " "‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻱ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺪﺍﺧﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪: -‬‬

‫ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻱ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ‪ please learn me‬ﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺿﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪‬ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ‪: -‬‬

‫"‪"please learn me‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٣٠‬‬

‫‪ -٤‬ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪intitle‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻱ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﺨﺼﺺ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫‪google‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪: -‬‬

‫ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪ school‬ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ google‬ﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫‪‬ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ‪: -‬‬

‫‪intitle:school‬‬

‫‪ -٥‬ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪allintitle‬‬

‫ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ٥‬ﻭ ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺑﺈﻣﻜﺎﻧﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪: -‬‬

‫ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ‪ school‬ﻭ ‪ tetcher‬ﻭ ‪ book‬ﻭ ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ google‬ﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪‬ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ‪: -‬‬

‫‪allintitle:school tetcher book‬‬

‫‪ -٦‬ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪inurl‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻱ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪: -‬‬

‫ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪ school‬ﻭ ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﻋﻨﻮﺍ‪‬ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫‪‬ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ‪: -‬‬

‫‪inurl:school‬‬

‫‪ -٧‬ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪allinurl‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٣١‬‬

‫ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ ) ‪ ( inurl‬ﻭ ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺑﺈﻣﻜﺎﻧﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪: -‬‬

‫ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ‪ school‬ﻭ ‪ teacher‬ﻭ ‪ book‬ﻭ ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﻋﻨﻮﺍ‪‬ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪‬ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ‪: -‬‬

‫‪allinurl:school teacher book‬‬

‫‪ -٨‬ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪cache‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ‪ Google‬ﻟﺴﺤﺐ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪: -‬‬

‫ﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ boy‬ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ‪ http://www.school.com/‬ﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪‬ﺬﻩ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ‪: -‬‬

‫‪cache:www.school.com boy‬‬

‫‪ -٩‬ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪link‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻫﻲ ﺇﳚﺎﺩ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻱ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺎﹰ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻨﻪ‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪: -‬‬

‫ﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻂ ‪ www.yahoo.com‬ﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪‬ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ‪: -‬‬

‫‪link:www.yahoo.com‬‬

‫‪ -١٠‬ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪related‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻫﻲ ﺇﳚﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٣٢‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪: -‬‬

‫ﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ‪ www.yahoo.com‬ﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪‬ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ‪: -‬‬

‫‪related:www.yahoo.com‬‬

‫‪ -١١‬ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪info‬‬
‫ﻳﻌﻄﻴﻚ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺮﻳﺪﻩ‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪: -‬‬

‫ﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ‪ www.yahoo.com‬ﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪‬ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ‪: -‬‬

‫‪info:www.yahoo.com‬‬

‫‪ -١٢‬ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪site‬‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻹﻋﻄﺎﺋﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﺪﺩﻫﺎ‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻟﻜﻲ ﲢﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﰲ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ‪ http://www.google.com/‬ﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬

‫‪‬ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ‪:‬‬

‫‪help site:http://www.google.com/‬‬

‫‪ .١٣‬ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪define‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻫﻲ ﺇﳚﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﺭﻳﻒ ﻻﻱ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻨﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪Define:ALA‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪:‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٣٣‬‬

‫‪ -١٤‬ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺑﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ) ؟ ( ) * ( ‪:Wildcards‬‬

‫ﳝﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺰ ) * ( ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻎ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﻟﻠﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ * ‪sing‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﻑ ﻳﺴﺘﺮﺟﻊ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺢ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ Singing‬ﻭ ‪sings‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺰ ) ؟ ( ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﶈﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻣﺜﻞ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﻫﻮ ‪ yahoo‬ﻭﺫﻟـﻚ ﻟﻠﺒﺤـﺚ ﻋـﻦ ﺃﻱ‬
‫ﺣﺮﻑ ﻳﺄﰐ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻮﺿﻊ ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺰ ) ؟ (‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:١‬‬
‫‪ s?ng‬ﻭﺳﻮﻑ ﻳﺴﺘﺮﺟﻊ ‪ singers , sings‬ﻭ ‪singing‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:٢‬‬
‫‪ ??ng‬ﻭﺳﻮﻑ ﻳﺴﺘﺮﺟﻊ ‪ sang , sing , rang , ring‬ﻭﺃﻱ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﲢﺘـﻮﻱ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﺭﺑﻌـﺔ ﺃﺣـﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳊﺮﻓﲔ ‪ng‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٣٤‬‬

‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﻌﻘﺪﺓ‪:‬‬

‫ﳝﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﳏﺪﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪Host :‬‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻻﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻜﺸﻔﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﺎ ‪،‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:‬‬
‫‪Host:mars.jpl.nasa.gov‬‬

‫ـ ﻛﻤﺎ ﳝﻜﻦ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻻﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ‪،‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:‬‬
‫‪Host:mars.jpl.nasa.gov venus jupitar‬‬

‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﶈﺮﻙ ﺑﻌﺮﺽ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺫﻛﺮﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ‬
‫‪mars.jpl.nasa.gov‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﺒﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺮﻏﻮﺑﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻻﺳﺘﺒﻌﺎﺩ ﺑﻌـﺾ ﺍﳌﻮﺿـﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻏـﲑ ﺍﳌﺮﻏـﻮﺏ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ‪،‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:‬‬
‫" ‪host :mars.jpl.nasa.gov – "mars pathfinder‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﻌﺎﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﳝﻜﻦ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﻌﲔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﺳﺘﺒﻌﺎﺩ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ‪‬ـﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻮﺿـﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﰲ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﳏﺪﺩ ‪،‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:‬‬
‫" ‪Host : nasa.gov " -mars exploration‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٣٥‬‬

‫ﻭﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﳓﻦ ﻧﺒﺤـﺚ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻛﺘـﺸﺎﻑ ﻛﻮﻛـﺐ ﺍﳌـﺮﻳﺦ ‪ mars exploration‬ﻭﺗـﺴﺘﺒﻌﺪ ﲨﻴـﻊ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ‪‬ﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻧﺎﺳﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ mars.jpl.nasa.gov‬ـ‬
‫‪ spacekids.hq.nasa.gov‬ـ‬
‫‪ cmex.arc.nasa.gov‬ـ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﻌﲔ ﰲ ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﰲ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ‪ Domains‬ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ Gov‬ـ‬
‫‪ Edu‬ـ‬
‫‪ Com‬ـ‬
‫‪ Net‬ـ‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:‬‬
‫‪" mars landings " + host:edu‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﻌﲔ ﰲ ﺑﻠﺪ ﻣﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﲣﻴﻞ ﺃﻧﻚ ﺗﻘﻴﻢ ﰲ ﺑﻠﺪ ﺁﺧـﺮ ﻭﺗﺮﻏـﺐ ﰲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓـﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺒـﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿـﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺑﻠـﺪﻙ ﻋﻨـﺪﻫﺎ ﻧـﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻭﻝ ‪،‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:‬‬
‫‪" football scores " + Host:uk‬‬

‫ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﻧﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ ‪UK‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ‪ ) URL‬ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﳏﺮﻙ ‪:( google‬‬
‫ﺗﺘﻴﺢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ ‪ URL‬ﺃﻭ‬
‫‪Site‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٣٦‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:‬‬

‫‪mars exploration - Site:mars.jpl.nasa.gov‬‬

‫ﺃﻭ‬

‫‪mars exploration - url:mars.jpl.nasa.gov‬‬

‫ﻭﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻜـﺸﺎﻑ ﻛﻮﻛـﺐ ﺍﳌـﺮﻳﺦ ﻣﺎﻋـﺪﺍ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗـﻊ ﺍﳋﺎﺻـﺔ ﺑﻮﻛﺎﻟـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ‪ Nasa‬ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ﺑﻜﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺦ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﳝﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺒﻌﺎﺩ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﲟﻮﻗﻊ ﻧﺎﺳﺎ ‪ Nasa‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﻹﺑﻘﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﰲ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪:‬‬

‫‪mars exploration - url : nasa.gov‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ‪ ) inurl‬ﺧﺎﺹ ﲟﺤﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪:( Google‬‬

‫ﳝﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ‪ inurl‬ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟـﺮﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﳚـﺐ ﺃﻥ ﳛﺘـﻮﻱ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﳌﻮﺿـﻮﻉ ﺍﶈـﺪﺩ ﰲ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺯﻳـﺎﺩﺓ ﻓـﺮﺹ ﺍﳊـﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻧﺘـﺎﺋﺞ ﻗﺮﻳﺒـﺔ ﺟـﺪﺍﹰ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:‬‬
‫‪mars exploration -url : nasa.gov‬‬

‫ﻭﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ) ‪ ( pdf‬ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﲟﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎﻑ ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺦ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﳏﺮﻙ ‪ Google‬ﺃﻣﺮﺍﹰ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻀﻴﻴﻖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻻﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ‪/‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺮﺩ ﰲ ﺷﻜﻞ ﳏﺪﺩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ) ‪ ( pdf‬ﺃﻭ ) ‪ ( doc‬ﺃﻭ ) ‪ ( asp‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ‪filetype‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﻌﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ) ‪ ( inurl‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻘﺤﻢ ﺍﶈﺮﻙ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻠﻔﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:١‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٣٧‬‬

‫‪California power crisis filetype : pdf‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:٢‬‬

‫‪California power crisis filetype : asp‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪:٣‬‬

‫‪California power crisis filetype : html‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ‪:title‬‬

‫ﻟﻜﻞ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﳝﻴﺰﻫﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﻣـﱴ ﻣـﺎ ﻗـﺎﻡ ﻣـﺼﻤﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﺑﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﳍﺎ ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﳝﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ‪ title‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗـﺮﺩ ﰲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪:١‬‬
‫‪title : mars‬‬

‫ﻭﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ‪ /‬ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ‪ mars‬ﰲ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪: ٢‬‬
‫‪title:mars title:landings‬‬

‫ﻭﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳـﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﳌـﺼﻄﻠﺤﲔ ‪ mars‬ﻭ ‪ landings‬ﺑﻐـﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻈـﺮ ﻋـﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻬﻤـﺎ ﰲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ‪( Google & Teoma ) : intitle‬‬

‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﳏﺮﻛﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪ Google‬ﻭ ‪ Teoma‬ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ‪ intitle‬ﻻﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﻟـﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟـﱵ‬
‫ﻳﺮﺩ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﶈﺪﺩﺓ ﰲ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪: ١‬‬
‫‪intitle: mars‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٣٨‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪: ٢‬‬
‫‪intitle: mars landings‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪: ٣‬‬
‫" ‪intitle : mars landings‬‬

‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺗﻠﻮ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٣٩‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٦‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻗﻲ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )‪(Host‬‬

‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫‪ ١‬ـ ﺍﺳــﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻷﻣــﺮ ﺍﳋــﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤــﺚ ﰲ ﻣﻮﻗــﻊ ﻣﻌــﲔ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧــﺖ ) ‪ ( Host‬ﻻﺳــﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ‬

‫ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳛﺪﺩﻩ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺏ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ٢‬ـ ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﰎ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻪ ﰒ ﺣﺪﺩ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﻌﲔ ﻻﺳﺘﺒﻌﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻤـﺔ ﺍﻟـﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺳﺠﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺮﺟﻌﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ٣‬ـ ﺃﲝﺚ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﶈﺪﺩﺓ ﻥ ﰒ ﺃﺧﺘﺮ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺮﺟﻌﺔ ﻻﺳﺘﺒﻌﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ٤‬ـ ﺃﲝﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﻌﲔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ ) ‪. ( SA‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٤٠‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٧‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ‪ Links‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ )‪(Url; Site; Inurl‬‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫__ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ) ‪ ( Url‬ﻻﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﱵ ﰎ ﺍﺳـﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤـﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟـﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﺠﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺣـﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﺳـﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﳌـﺮﺍﺑﻂ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﺳـﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ) ‪ ، ( Url‬ﻻﺣـﻆ ﻋـﺪﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻭﻗﺎﺭ‪‬ﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫__ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )‪ ( Site‬ﻻﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﱵ ﰎ ﺍﺳـﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤـﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟـﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﺠﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺣـﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﺳـﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﳌـﺮﺍﺑﻂ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﺳـﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ)‪ ، ( Site‬ﻻﺣـﻆ ﻋـﺪﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻭﻗﺎﺭ‪‬ﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫__ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )‪ ( Lnurl‬ﻻﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﱵ ﰎ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟـﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺳــﺠﻞ ﻋــﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺘــﺎﺋﺞ ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺣــﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﳌــﺮﺍﺑﻂ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﺳــﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣــﺮ)‪ ، ( Lnurl‬ﻻﺣــﻆ‬
‫ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻭﻗﺎﺭ‪‬ﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٤١‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٨‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )‪(filetype‬‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫__ ﺍﺳــﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻷﻣــﺮ ‪ Filetype‬ﻟﻠﺒﺤــﺚ ﻋــﻦ ﺍﳌﻠﻔــﺎﺕ ﺍﻟــﱵ ﲢﺘــﻮﻱ ﻋﻠــﻰ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣــﺎﺕ ﻋــﻦ ﺃﺣــﺪ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﳛﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺏ ﰒ ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﺴﺠﻴﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﳌﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﰎ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﻢ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺑﺼﻴﻎ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﺜﻞ ‪:‬‬

‫__ ‪Doc‬‬
‫__ ‪htm‬‬
‫__ ‪pdf‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺎﺭﻥ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٤٢‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٩‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﰲ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ )ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ( ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‬
‫)‪(intitle‬‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫‪ ١‬ـ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ ) ‪ ( title‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺚ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺿـﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﺎﺻـﺔ ﺑـﺎﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﻟـﱵ ﰎ ﲢﺪﻳـﺪﻫﺎ ﰲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫ﰲ‬ ‫‪ ٢‬ـ ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﺭﻥ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﰎ ﲢﺪﻳﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٤٣‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(١٠‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﰲ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ )ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ( ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‬
‫)‪(allintitle‬‬

‫‪ ١‬ـ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ) ‪ ( allintitle‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﻟـﱵ ﰎ ﲢﺪﻳـﺪﻫﺎ ﰲ‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ٢‬ـ ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﺭﻥ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﺑـﲔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿـﻮﻉ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﰎ ﲢﺪﻳـﺪﻩ ﰲ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٤٤‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(١١‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﻄﻪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )‪( related‬‬

‫‪ ١‬ـ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ) ‪ ( related‬ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﳍـﺎ ﻋﻼﻗـﻪ ﺑـﺎﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﺍﻧـﺖ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﺍﻭ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﺮﺗﻪ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٢‬ـ ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﺭﻥ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬
‫ﰎ ﲢﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٤٥‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(١٢‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺨﺒﺄﻩ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )‪(cache‬‬

‫‪ ١‬ـ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ) ‪ ( cache‬ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺨﺒﺄﻩ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -٢‬ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﻗﺎﺭﻥ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ ﺍﶈﺪﺙ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٤٦‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(١٣‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ )‪(define‬‬

‫‪ ١‬ـ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ‪ define‬ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲣﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٤٧‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(١٤‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻦ )*()؟(‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻦ )*( ﻭ )؟( ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻎ ﺍﻟﱵ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﻌـﲔ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﲢﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺏ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻﺣﻆ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﰎ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٤٨‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٤٩‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﱯ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٥٠‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﱯ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺙ‬

‫ﺍﳍﺪﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﱯ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺔ‬

‫‪ ٥٠‬ﻕ ﺍﻹﳌﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﻭﺃﺩﻭﺍﺗﻪ ﻭﺍﳋﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻘﺪﻣﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺇﻛﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﺮﻃﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﺰﺓ‪Google ) :‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﺷﺮﻃﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﺰﺓ‬ ‫‪Toolbar & Yahoo Toolbar‬‬
‫‪ ٢٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )(‪ :‬ﲝﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )(‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺧﺒﺎﺭﻳﺔ ‪News groups‬‬
‫ﻭﻭﻛﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٣٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺷﺮﻳﻂ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﺰ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺧﺒﺎﺭﻳﺔ ‪News‬‬
‫‪ groups‬ﻭﻭﻛﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﺎﺀ‬
‫‪ ٢٠‬ﻕ ﺇﻛﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ‪ ،‬ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺎدر‬
‫ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤﺎﺕ‪.‬ﻭ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت )اﻟﻜﺘﺐ‪،‬اﻟﺼﺤﻒ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻼت‪...‬اﻟﺦ(‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )(‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺎﺕ ‪ ٢٠‬ﻕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٢٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )(‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫•‬
‫‪٢٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺷﺮﻳﻂ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﺰ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ٢٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺷﺮﻳﻂ‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٥١‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﺰ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ ٥٠‬ﻕ ﺇﻛﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﻭ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ‬
‫‪ ٣٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )(‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ )ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻓﻼﻡ‪...‬ﺍﱁ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٢٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺷﺮﻳﻂ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﺰ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻓﻼﻡ‪...‬ﺍﱁ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search Skills‬‬

‫‪٥٢‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ) ‪( Advanced Search‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻫﻮ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻭﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻣﻦ ﲢﺴﲔ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﲑ ﲝﺚ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﲑ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‪ .‬ﻭ ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻣﻦ‬

‫ﺗﻘﻴﻴﺪ ﲝﺜﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺎ ﻭﲤﻜﻨﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﲟﻌﺎﻳﲑ‬

‫ﳏﺪﺩﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﲝﺚ ﻣﺘﻘﺪﻡ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .١‬ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﲝﺚ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .٢‬ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺻﻠﺔ ﻣﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺃﻭ ﲜﺎﻧﺒﻬﺎ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .٣‬ﺃﺩﺧﻞ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺣﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ‪:‬‬

‫ﲢﺘﻮﻱ ﲨﻴﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﲢﺘﻮﻱ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﲢﺘﻮﻱ ﺃﻳ‪‬ﺎﹰ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﻻ ﲢﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﳌﻠﻒ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫•‬
‫‪٥٣‬‬

‫ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪:‬‬

‫)ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻗﻞ ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰﺍ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻣـﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﲝـﺚ‬

‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ) ‪ ( www.google.com‬ﻭﻻﺣﻆ ﺍﻵﰐ‬

‫‪ .١‬ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻛﺎﻵﰐ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -٢‬ﻻﺣﻆ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﻭﺳﻮﻑ ﲡﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺸﺎ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ) :‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻖ‪-‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺺ‪ ....‬ﺍﱁ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ‪(Advanced Search‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

٥٤

Internet Search ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬

‫‪٥٥‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ ) ‪(١٦‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ‬

‫ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ) ‪ ( http://www.whitepages.com‬ﻭﺍﲝـﺚ ﻋـﻦ ﺷﺨـﺼﲔ ﺑﻮﺍﺳـﻄﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﺑﺸﺮﻁ ﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻗﻢ ﺑﺈﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺺ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﶈﺪﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺳـﻮﺍﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻻﻳـﺔ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻨﺘﻤﻲ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺺ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﳌﺨﺮﺟﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﲝﺚ ﰒ ﻻﺣﻆ ﺍﻷﻧﺴﺐ ﻭﺍﻷﻗﺮﺏ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻞ ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٥٦‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(١٧‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ‬

‫ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ )‪ (http://araboogle.com‬ﻭﺍﲝﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻱ ﺷـﺨﺺ ﺑﻮﺍﺳـﻄﺔ ﺍﻻﺳـﻢ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬

‫ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻠﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﳌﺨﺮﺟﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﲝﺚ ﰒ ﻻﺣﻆ ﺍﻷﻧﺴﺐ ﻭﺍﻷﻗﺮﺏ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻞ ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٥٧‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(١٨‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ )‪ (http://yp.yahoo.com‬ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻰ ﺑـ ‪ ، Yahoo! Yellow Pages‬ﻭﺍﲝﺚ ﻋﻦ‬

‫ﺇﻱ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴـﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻛﻨـﺪﺍ ﻣﺜـﻞ ﺷـﺮﻛﺔ )‪(Compaq‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻹﺣﺪﻯ ﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤـﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟـﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺗﻈﻬـﺮ‬
‫ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ )‪ (Business Name‬ﻟﺘﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺎﺭﻃﺔ ﲟﻮﻗﻌﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺳﺠﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻬﺎ‪/‬ﻋﻨﻮﺍ‪‬ﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺭﻗﻢ ﺍﳍﺎﺗﻒ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻚ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺰ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻱ‪،‬‬
‫ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺍﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻝ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٥٨‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(١٩‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‬

‫ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ )‪ (http://www.barnsandnoble .com‬ﰒ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻣﻦ‬

‫ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﲝﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺇﻱ ﻛﻠﻤـﺔ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴـﻪ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺎﺏ ﰒ ﺍﺫﻫـﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺚ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﻭﺣﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺍﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻼﺕ ﻟﺒﺤﺜﻚ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺆﻟـﻒ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻧﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﱄ ) ‪( ISBN‬‬

‫ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﺎﺓ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﺎﺓ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻼﺕ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٥٩‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٢٠‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‬

‫ﺇﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ )‪ (http://www.google.com‬ﰒ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ ﻣـﻦ ﺑـﲔ‬
‫ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .١‬ﺍﲝﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺳﻌﻮﺩ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﻣﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫•‬

‫‪ .٢‬ﺍﲝﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﻜﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺑﺸﺮﻁ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜـﻮﻥ ﺍﻟـﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻛـﺒﲑﺓ ﺍﳊﺠـﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺑﺎﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ‪ JPG‬ﻭﺑﺄﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٦٠‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٢١‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ‬

‫ﺇﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ )‪ (http://www.yahoo.com‬ﰒ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻴـﺪﻳﻮ )‪(video‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .١‬ﺃﺑﺪﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻓﻠﻴﻢ ) ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺏ –‪ (Closer‬ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﺎﻡ ﺳﺠﻞ ﻭﻻﺣﻆ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺨﺮﺟﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .٢‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﰒ ﺣﺪﺩ ﻣﺪﺧﻼﺕ ﻋﻦ ﻓﻠﻴﻢ ) ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺏ ‪ (Closer-‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺚ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﳌﻠﻒ ﻭﺳﻂ ﺍﳊﺠﻢ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﳌﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ‪MPEG‬‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٦١‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٢٢‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ‬

‫ﺇﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ) ‪: (http://news.google.com‬‬

‫ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﺍﲝﺚ ﻋﻦ ) ‪ (Iraq news‬ﰲ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﰒ ﻻﺣﻆ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏـﲑ ﺃﻱ‬ ‫‪-١‬‬
‫ﳏﺪﺩﺍﺕ ﰒ ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﺎﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻟـﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠـﻰ ‪ Advanced Search‬ﲜـﻮﺍﺭ‬ ‫‪-٢‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﰒ ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻛﺎﻷﰐ‪:‬‬
‫• ﰲ ﺍﳊﻘﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ) ‪ (with all of the word‬ﺍﺩﺧﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ) ‪.(Iraq news‬‬
‫• ﰲ ﺣﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻱ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻻﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫• ﰲ ﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺣﺪﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ‪ ٢٠٠٣/١/١‬ﺣﱴ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٦٢‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﺎﺷﺮﻱ ﻭﺑﺎﺋﻌﻲ ﺃﻭﻋﻴـﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣـﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔـﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ ،‬ﳝﻜـﻦ ﻟﻸﻓـﺮﺍﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺆﺳـﺴﺔ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴـﺔ ﺍﻻﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻨـﻬﺎ ﻭﺫﻟـﻚ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﺇﻳﺼﺎﳍﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﱪﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻵﻟﻴﺔ ﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷـﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺘﻴﺤﻮ‪‬ﺎ ﳉﻤﻴﻊ ﻣﺒﺤﺮﻱ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻋﱪ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﺮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﺘﺢ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺏ ﳝﻜﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻭﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳋﺎﺻـﺔ ﺑﻜـﻞ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻻﲣﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻗﺘﻨﺎﺅﻩ ﻣـﻦ ﻋﺪﻣـﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﲟﻜـﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﺳـﺴﺔ ﺍﳌـﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺇﻧﺰﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺠﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺒﻠﻴﻮﺟﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻋﺎﺀ ﺇﱃ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ﺑﻮﻇﻴﻔـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻭﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﻗﺘﻨﺎﺀ ﺃﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﻀﺎﹰ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﳌﺌﺎﺕ ﺑﻞ ﺍﻵﻻﻑ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﰲ ﻋﺮﺽ ﻭﺑﻴﻊ ﺃﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻟﻌﻠﻨـﺎ ﻧﻌـﺮﺽ ﺑﻌـﻀﺎﹰ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﺷـﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﻫـﻲ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺍﻕ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.١‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺟﺮﻳﺮ‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻴﻜﺎﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻘﺮﻱ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.٥‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ Book Web -١‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺸﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﲨﻌﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺋﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ‪Booksellers American‬‬
‫‪Bowker Books in Print -Association -٢‬‬
‫‪Best Big Online Bookstores -٣‬‬
‫‪Noble & Barnes -٤‬‬
‫‪Amazon.Com -٥‬‬
‫‪Canadian Book Exchange Center -٦‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٦٣‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٢٣‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺣﺪ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻢ‬
‫ﺑﺈﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪:‬‬

‫‪١‬ـ ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷﺮﻳﻦ ‪.‬‬

‫‪٢‬ـ ﺳﺠﻞ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫‪٣‬ـ ﺃﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻠﺨﺼﺎﹰ ﶈﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﺗﻐﻄﻴﺘﻪ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﶈﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ‪ :‬ﻛﺘﺐ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻗﺮﺍﺹ ﻣﺪﳎﺔ ‪ ، CD–ROM ،‬ﳎﻼﺕ ‪. Journals‬‬
‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺕ ‪Mathematic‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ‪Social Sciences‬‬
‫‪٤‬ـ ﳚﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ ) ‪ ( ٥‬ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﻧﺸﺮ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭ) ‪ ( ٥‬ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﻧﺸﺮ ﺃﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪٥‬ـ ﺳﺠﻞ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ) ‪ ( ٤,٣,٢‬ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺭﻗﻢ ) ‪. ( ١‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٦٤‬‬

‫ﳕﻮﺫﺝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(١‬‬

‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺃﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻧﺎﺷﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ‪Link‬‬ ‫ﻡ‬

‫‪.١‬‬

‫‪...............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻠﺨﺺ‪............................................................................................................................................................................... :‬‬
‫‪...............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪.٢‬‬

‫‪...............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻠﺨﺺ‪:‬‬
‫‪...............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪...............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪.٣‬‬

‫‪...............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻠﺨﺺ‪:‬‬
‫‪...............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪...............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪.٤‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻠﺨﺺ‪............................................................................................................................................................................... :‬‬

‫‪...............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪.٥‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻠﺨﺺ‪............................................................................................................................................................................... :‬‬

‫‪...............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٦٥‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﱯ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٦٦‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﱯ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬

‫ﺍﳍﺪﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﱯ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺔ‬

‫ﺇﻛﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫‪ ٢٥‬ﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳉﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳉﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (١٦‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋـﻦ ‪ ٢٥‬ﻕ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳉﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﻛﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋـﻦ ‪ ٢٥‬ﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﻭﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﻭﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﺕ )‪(Shopping‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (١٧‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋـﻦ ‪ ٢٥‬ﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﻭﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋـﻦ ‪ ٢٥‬ﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺘـــﺪﻳﺎﺕ ‪ ،Forum‬ﻭﺍﻟﻘـــﻮﺍﺋﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ‪.Mailing Lists‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (١٨‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋـﻦ ‪ ٢٥‬ﻕ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺪﻳﺎﺕ ‪.Forum‬‬
‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (١٩‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋـﻦ ‪ ٢٥‬ﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘـــــﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﻭﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋـــــﺎﺕ‬
‫‪Mailing‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻳــــــﺔ‬
‫‪Lists/Groups‬‬
‫ﺇﻛﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻓﻲ ﻓﮭﺎرس ‪ ٢٥‬ﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻬﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎت ‪.Library Catalogs‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٢٥‬ﻕ‬ ‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٢١‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٢٥‬ﻕ‬ ‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٢٢‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﻛﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫‪ ٢٥‬ﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ‪.Databases‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٦٧‬‬

‫‪ ٢٥‬ﻕ‬ ‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٢٣‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ‬

‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٦٨‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٢٤‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳉﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺗﺘﻴﺢ ﻟﻚ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﰲ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ‪:‬‬

‫‪.http://www.mapquest.com - MapQoust‬‬ ‫‪.١‬‬

‫‪.http://maps.yahoo.com - Yahoo! Maps and Driving Directions‬‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫‪.http://www.nationalgeographic.com/maps National Geographi‬‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺎﻡ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻻﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺷﺨﺎﺹ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -١‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﲔ ﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﱃ ﻣﱰﻝ ﻛﻼﹰ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬

‫‪ -٢‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﺮﻩ ﺍﺧﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﺧﺮ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٦٩‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٢٥‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﻭﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻀﻊ ‪ Shopping‬ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﻭﻻﺣﻆ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻴـﺎﺭ ﰒ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﻭﻥ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺗﻚ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

‫‪.http://www.qvc.com – QVC‬‬ ‫‪.١‬‬

‫‪.http://www.ebay.com – eBay‬‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫‪.http://www.hsn.com – HSN‬‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫‪.http://shopping.yahoo.com/ - Yahoo‬‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ‪http://www.mstaml.com‬‬ ‫‪.٥‬‬

‫ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺃﻳﻀﺎﹰ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻀﻊ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺧـﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺚ ﰲ ﺃﺣـﺪ ﳏﺮﻛـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٧٠‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٢٦‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺪﻳﺎﺕ ‪Forum‬‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻭﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻨﺘﺪﻯ ﻣﻌﲔ ﳝﻜﻨـﻚ ﺍﻟـﺬﻫﺎﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻮﻗـﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺮﻏﺒﻪ‪:‬‬

‫‪.http://www.arborwood.com/awforums/search-for-forum-1.php .١‬‬

‫ﺍﲝﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺪﺩ )‪ (٣‬ﻣﻨﺘﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺳﺠﻞ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻄﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻐﻄﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪٧١‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٢٧‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﻭﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ‪Mailing Lists/Groups‬‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫‪ .١‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ‪:Groups‬‬

‫ﺍﲝﺚ ﰲ ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪.http://Groups.google.com .١‬‬
‫‪.http://groups.yahoo.com .٢‬‬
‫‪.http://groups.msn.com .٣‬‬

‫ﻋﻦ ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺳﺠﻞ ﻋـﺪﺩ ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋـﺎﺕ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﰎ ﺍﺳـﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﲰﺎﺀ )‪ (٣‬ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺃ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﻭﺻﻒ ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .٢‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ‪:Mailing Lists‬‬

‫ﺍﲝﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪.http://www.liszt.com .١‬‬
‫‪.http://www.e-zinez.com .٢‬‬

‫ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺳﺠﻞ ﻋـﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻳـﺔ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﰎ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﲰﺎﺀ )‪ (٣‬ﻗﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﺑﺮﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺃ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﻭﺻـﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٧٢‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ‬

‫ﲢﺘﻮﻱ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻟﻔﻬﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﺷﻜﺎﳍﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﳝﻜﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﳍﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﻣـﻦ ﻣـﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣـﺎﺕ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺗﻘﺘﻨﻴﻬـﺎ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺎﳌﺆﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﳒﺪ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﳒﺮﺱ ﺗﺄﰐ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﲢﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻢ ﻫﺎﺋﻞ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﰲ ﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻐـﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴـﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﳌـﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﶈﻠـﻲ ﺷـﺮﻋﺖ ﺍﻟﻜـﺜﲑ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺇﺗﺎﺣﺔ ﻓﻬﺎﺭﺳﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﲑ ﺳﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﲜﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺳﻌﻮﺩ ‪http://library.ksu.edu.sa/‬‬ ‫‪.١‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻓﻬﺪ ﻟﻠﺒﺘﺮﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺎﺩﻥ ‪http://www.kfu.edu.sa‬‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ‪http://www.kaau.edu.sa/‬‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ ‪http://www.uqu.edu.sa/‬‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ‪http://www.ipa.edu.sa‬‬ ‫‪.٥‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻓﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ‪http://www.kfnl.org.sa‬‬ ‫‪.٦‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ‪http://www.kapl.org.sa/‬‬ ‫‪.٧‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﲑ ‪http://www.alyaseer.gov.sa‬‬ ‫‪.٨‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٧٣‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٢٨‬‬

‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﻌـﺾ ﻣﻮﺍﻗـﻊ ﺍﻟـﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼـﺼﺔ ﰲ ﺻـﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ‪‬ﺘﻢ ﲟﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ ﺍﳋﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻔـﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺮﻳﻦ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺗﻘﺪﱘ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻮﺏ ‪:‬‬

‫‪١‬ـ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺎﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺣﺪ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﲝﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫ـ ﺍﳋﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ )‪Reference Service(s‬‬
‫ـ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ )‪Information Service(s‬‬
‫ـ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪Data bases‬‬

‫‪٢‬ـ ﲢﺖ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ‪ /‬ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ‪ ،‬ﺣﺪﺩ ﳑﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺃ ‪ .‬ﺳﺠﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺮﺟﻌﺔ ﲢﺖ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ‪ /‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﻋﺪﺩ ) ‪ ( ٥‬ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺭﻗﻢ ) ‪. ( ٢‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٧٤‬‬

‫ﳕﻮﺫﺝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٢٩‬‬

‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﳏﺮﻙ‪/‬ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬

‫‪HTTP://‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻂ ‪Links‬‬

‫ﺃ‪ .‬ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺮﺟﻌﺔ‬

‫ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪/‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬

‫‪Databases‬‬ ‫)‪Information Service(s‬‬ ‫)‪Reference Service(s‬‬
‫ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬

‫ﺏ‪ .‬ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﰎ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺮﺍﺿﻬﺎ‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﳋﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻘﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ؟‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻡ‪.‬‬

‫‪.١‬‬

‫‪HTTP://‬‬

‫‪.٢‬‬

‫‪HTTP://‬‬

‫‪.٣‬‬

‫‪HTTP://‬‬

‫‪.٤‬‬

‫‪HTTP://‬‬

‫‪.٥‬‬

‫‪HTTP://‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٧٥‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٣٠‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ‪ Library Catalogs‬ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫ﺃﺧﺘﺮ ﻋﺪﺩ ) ‪ ( ٣‬ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭ) ‪ ( ٣‬ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﰎ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ ، (٢١‬ﻭﻗﻢ ﺑﺈﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪:‬‬

‫‪١‬ـ ﺍﲝﺚ ﰲ ﻓﻬﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﰎ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﰲ ﻗﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﺭﺅﻭﺱ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ‪ Subject‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻞ ﰲ ﳕﻮﺫﺝ ﺭﻗﻢ ) ‪. ( ٣‬‬
‫‪٢‬ـ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ ( ٣‬ﻓﻘﺮﺓ ) ﺃ ( ﺳﺠﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﻓﺮﺓ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪﺓ ﲢﺖ ﺭﺃﺱ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﰎ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻨﻪ ﰲ ﺭﻗﻢ ) ‪. ( ١‬‬
‫‪٣‬ـ ﺃﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﺎﺩﺗﲔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﱵ ﰎ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ ﺭﻗﻢ ) ‪ ( ٢‬ﻭﺳﺠﻞ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺒﻠﻮﺟﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺭﻗﻢ ) ‪ ( ٣‬ﻓﻘﺮﺓ ) ﺏ ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺠﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪٤‬ـ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺃﺳﺘﻌﺮﺿﻚ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﱵ ﰎ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ ﺭﻗﻢ ) ‪ ، (٢‬ﻣﺎﻫﻮ ﺗﻘﻴﻴﻤﻚ ﳌﺪﻯ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﺑﺮﺃﺱ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﰎ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻨﻪ ‪ ،‬ﺳﺠﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﳕﻮﺫﺝ ﺭﻗﻢ ) ‪ ( ٣‬ﻓﻘﺮﺓ ) ﺝ ( ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٧٦‬‬

‫ﳕﻮﺫﺝ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٣١‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻓﻬﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻷﺟﻨﱯ‬

‫ﻓﻘﺮﺓ )ﺃ(‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺮﺟﻌﺔ ﲢﺖ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫‪.١‬‬
‫‪.٢‬‬
‫‪.٣‬‬

‫ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺮﺟﻌﺔ ﲢﺖ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬

‫‪.١‬‬
‫‪.٢‬‬
‫‪.٣‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﺮﺓ )ﺏ(‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬

‫ﺭﺩﻣﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻂ ‪Link‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺮﺓ )ﺝ(‪:‬‬

‫‪1.‬‬ ‫‪Title‬‬

‫‪Author‬‬ ‫‪ISBN‬‬
‫‪Publishe‬‬ ‫‪Place‬‬
‫‪r‬‬
‫‪Date/Iss‬‬ ‫‪Link‬‬
‫‪ue‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٧٧‬‬

‫ﺗﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬

‫ﻏﲑ ﻣﻼﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺋﻤﺔ ﺟﺪﺍﹰ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻏﲑ ﻣﻼﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺋﻤﺔ ﺟﺪﺍﹰ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٧٨‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٣٢‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﰲ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﺤﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺭﻗـﻢ )‪ (٣‬ﻟﻠﺒﺤـﺚ‬
‫ﻋــﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣــﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺳــﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻗﺎﻋــﺪﺓ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣــﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠــﻮﻡ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳــﺔ ‪ Proquest‬ﳌــﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺃﺣــﺪ ﺍﳌــﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﲝﻮﺙ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺭﻗﻢ ) ‪. ( ٣‬‬

‫ـ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﻟـﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻤـﻮﺫﺝ ﺭﻗـﻢ ) ‪ ( ٣‬ﻟﺘﻜـﻮﻥ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ‬
‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﳌﻦ ﻳﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ ‪. Proquest‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٧٩‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٨٠‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﱯ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٨١‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﱯ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬

‫ﺍﳍﺪﻑ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﱯ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺔ‬

‫‪١٠٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﻭﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‬

‫ﺇﻛﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬
‫) ‪( Metadata‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﻮﻡ ‪Metadata‬‬

‫‪٢٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻖ ﻋﻠــﻰ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗــﻊ‬

‫ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )(‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ‪٢٠‬ﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱴ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ‪Meta Tags‬‬
‫ﺇﻛــﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺘــﺪﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻘــﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ‫‪١٠٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧــﺖ ﻟﻠﺒﺤــﺚ ﻋــﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ‪Domains‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ‪. Domains‬‬ ‫ﻭﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ‪Web Hosting‬‬
‫ﺍ‪‬ﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﲰﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪٢٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )(‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ‪Domains‬‬
‫ﻭﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫‪.Web hosting‬‬

‫• ﲤــﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗــﻢ )(‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤــﺚ ﻋــﻦ ‪٢٠‬ﻕ‬

‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘـﺔ ﺑـﺎﳌﻮﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻣﺮ ‪( Whois ) :‬‬
‫‪٢٠‬ﻕ‬ ‫• ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )(‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﱴ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻷﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺍ‪‬ﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٨٢‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ) ‪( Metadata‬‬

‫ﻫﻲ ﻭﺳﻮﻡ ﺗﺪﺭﺝ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﰲ ﺃﻋﻼﻫﺎ ﻭﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﳌﻘﻄﻊ >‪... <HEAD‬‬
‫>‪ </HEAD‬ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻮﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﶈﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻗﺪ ﻧﻌﺘﱪﻫـﺎ ﺗﻮﺛﻴﻘﻴـﺔ‪ .‬ﻛﻤـﺎ ﺃ‪‬ـﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻴﺪ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲡﺮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪) .‬ﻭﻻﺣﻆ ﺃﻧ‪‬ﻲ ﻗﻠﺖ ﳏﺮﻛـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﱂ ﺃﻗـﻞ ﺃﺩﻟـﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺚ( ﻓﺎﳊﻘﻴﻘـﺔ ﺃﻥ ﳏﺮﻛـﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺚ ﻣﺜـﻞ ‪Altavista, Hotbot,‬‬
‫‪ Infoseek‬ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﻭﺗﻠﺠﺄ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﻮﻗـﻊ‬
‫ﻭﻻ ﺗــﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ ﻣﻨــﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺩﻟ ـﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﻱ ﺃﻥ ‪ Yahoo‬ﻻ ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻣــﻞ ﻣﻌﻬــﺎ ﺃﺑــﺪﺍﹰ‪ .‬ﻭﻣــﻊ ﺫﻟــﻚ ﻓــﺈﻥ ﻧــﺸﺮﻙ‬
‫ﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺗﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺿﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﻌﺘـﱪ ﺇﻏﻔـﺎﻻﹰ ﳉﺎﻧـﺐ ﻣﻬـﻢ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ‪) ...‬ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ "ﻟﻜـﻦ" ﰲ ﻣﻨﺘـﺼﻒ ﺍﳊـﺪﻳﺚ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﺧﺒﺎﺭﺍﹰ ﻏﲑ ﺳﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ( ﻻ ﺗﻌﺘﱪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺣـﻼﹰ ﺳـﺤﺮﻳﺎﹰ ﳌـﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﳏﺮﻛـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺃ‪‬ﺎ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻣـﻦ ﺇﺣﺘﻤـﺎﻻﺕ ﺇﺩﺭﺍﺝ ﻣﻮﻗﻌـﻚ ﰲ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺍﶈﺮﻛـﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃ‪‬ـﺎ ﺗـﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬
‫ﺍﶈﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺗﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺮﺍﻫﺎ ﺃﻧﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‪ .‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺳـﻴﺒﻘﻰ ﺃﻣﺎﻣـﻚ‬
‫ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻹﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪NAME‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﻮﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﺳﻢ )ﺃﻭ ﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ( ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ‬
‫ﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﺗﻌﻴﲔ ﻗﻴﻤﻬﺎ‬
‫‪CONTENT‬‬
‫ﲢﺪﺩ ﺍﶈﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﺇﺳﻨﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺻﻴﺘﲔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺘﲔ‬

‫ﰲ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻓﺈﻥ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﳋﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻜﻞ ﺑﺴﺎﻃﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻌﻨﻴﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺷﻲﺀ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻤﻌﻈﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻒ ﺑﺄ‪‬ﺎ ‪ Server Side‬ﺃﻱ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﳌﺰﻭﺩ‬
‫ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ‪ Client Side‬ﻭﻻ ‪‬ﻢ ﻣﺼﻤﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺋﲔ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻌﻨﻴﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﻣﻊ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ‪...HTTP-EQUIV‬‬ ‫•‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ‪ Content-Type‬ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻌﲏ ﻧﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﶈﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺫﻛﺮﻙ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺃﻧﻨﺎ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻠﻨﺎ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺎﹰ ‪ ...‬ﰒ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ‪ Content‬ﻗﻤﻨﺎ ﺑﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﶈﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃ‪‬ﺎ ‪ text/html‬ﺃﻱ ﻧﺼﻮﺹ ﻟﻐﺔ ‪ HTML‬ﻭﺃﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٨٣‬‬

‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﺰﻫﺎ ﻫﻲ ‪... Windows-1256‬ﻭﻟﻦ ﳓﺘﺎﺝ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ‬

‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻊ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ‪ ...NAME‬ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ ‫•‬

‫‪ o‬ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ‪ keywords‬ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻔﺤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫> ‪<META NAME="keywords" ...‬‬

‫ﰒ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ‪ Content‬ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ‬

‫ﺇﻟﻴﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻔﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ‬

‫‪<META NAME="keywords"CONTENT="html,webpage‬‬
‫>"‪design,psp,paint shop pro,arabic site‬‬

‫ﻭﻻ ﺿﺮﺭ ﰲ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﻭ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﻟﺜﻼﺙ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ‬

‫ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬

‫‪<META‬‬
‫‪NAME="keywords"CONTENT="html,html,html,html,webpag‬‬
‫>"‪e design,psp,paint shop pro,arabic site‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ‪ description‬ﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻌﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪o‬‬

‫ﻗﺼﲑﺓ ﺗﻠﺨﺺ ﳏﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﻭﺍﳍﺪﻑ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪<META NAME="description" CONTENT="Html and Paint‬‬

‫‪Shop Pro tutorials in Arabic,learning web page design in‬‬
‫>"‪Arabic‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ‪ author‬ﻟﺘﻮﺛﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﺃﻭ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫‪o‬‬

‫>"‪<META NAME="author" CONTENT="Abu Al-Abed‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ‪ copyright‬ﻟﺴﺮﺩ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫‪o‬‬

‫>"‪<META NAME="copyright" CONTENT="....‬‬

‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﻫﻲ ﻭﺳﻮﻡ ‪ META‬ﺍﻟﱵ ‪‬ﻤﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺳﻮﻑ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺇﲨﺎﳍﺎ ﰲ ﺷﻴﻔﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻊ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﰲ ﺗﺮﻭﻳﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﲝﻴﺚ ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﻗﺼﻬﺎ ﻭﻟﺼﻘﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺗﻚ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٨٤‬‬

‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻃﺒﻌﺎ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺮﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺻﻔﺤﺘﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺮﻳﺪﻩ )ﻻ ﺗﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﲏ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻗﻮﻡ ﺃﻳﻀﺎﹰ ﺑﻜﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﻟﻚ(‪ .‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻻ‬
‫ﺗﻨﺲ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﻴﺰ ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ‪‬ﺎ ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺻﻔﺤﺘﻚ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫>‪<HEAD‬‬
‫>‪<TITLE> ... </TITLE‬‬
‫;‪<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html‬‬
‫>"‪charset=windows-1256‬‬
‫>" ‪<META NAME="keywords" CONTENT=" ...‬‬
‫>" ‪<META NAME="description" CONTENT=" ...‬‬
‫>" ‪<META NAME="author" CONTENT=" ...‬‬
‫>" ‪<META NAME="copyright" CONTENT=" ...‬‬
‫>‪</HEAD‬‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻹﺩﺭﺍﺝ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﲝﻴﺚ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﲟﻞﺀ ﳕﻮﺫﺝ ﺧﺎﺹ ﳌﺮﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﻜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﰒ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺈﺭﺳﺎﳍﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺌﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ...‬ﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﺑﺒﺴﺎﻃﺔ ﻭﺑﺪﻗﺎﺋﻖ ﻣﻌﺪﻭﺩﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻣﺞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪ AddWeb‬ﻭﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬
‫‪ Submission Wizard‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺆﺳﻒ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻣﺞ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺜﻴﻼ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﳏﺪﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﻱ ﺗﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﻋﺪﺩ ﳏﺪﻭﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﶈﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﻤﺖ ﺑﺸﺮﺍﺀ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﻣﺞ‪... .‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ ﺑﺄﺱ ﻣﻦ ﲡﺮﺑﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻕ‪.‬‬

‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺃﻱ ﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﺇﱃ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺸﻬﻮﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻌﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪ .‬ﰲ ‪ Altavista‬ﺳﺘﺠﺪ ﺃ‪‬ﺎ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ‪ .Add Page‬ﻭﰲ ‪ Infoseek‬ﻭ‬
‫‪ Excite‬ﻭ ‪ HotBot‬ﺳﺘﺠﺪﻫﺎ ‪ URL Add‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﰲ ‪ Yahoo‬ﻓﻬﻲ ‪How To Suggest a Site‬؟ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫ﺳﺘﺠﺪ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﹻ ﺃﺿﻒ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻚ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٨٥‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٣٣‬‬

‫ﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺮﻏﺐ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻠﺔ ﰲ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .١‬ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﺍﱃ ‪ view‬ﰒ ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ‪ source‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻂ ﰲ ﺍﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻔﺢ‬

‫‪ .٢‬ﺍﻟﻖ ﻧﻀﺮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ metadata‬ﺍﳌﻜﺘﻮﺑﻪ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫‪ .٣‬ﺳﺠﻞ ﺍﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﻛﻢ ﻋﺪﺩﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺮﺍﺩﻓﺎ‪‬ﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٨٦‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٣٤‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ‪ Domains‬ﻭﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ‪Web hosting‬‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪ :‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺍﱐ‬

‫ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪.http://www.dominnotes .com‬‬ ‫‪.١‬‬
‫‪.http://www.amnesi.com‬‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫‪.http://checkdomain.com‬‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﲝﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣـﻦ ﻣـﺪﻯ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﺮﻫـﺎ ﲤﻬﻴـﺪﺍﹰ ﻟـﺪﻓﻊ ﺭﺳـﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘـﺴﺠﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻣـﺘﻼﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ‪ .‬ﺳﺘﻼﺣﻆ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺗﻘـﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﺳﺘـﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗـﻊ‪،‬‬
‫ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﺼﻔﺤﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﻌﺎﺭ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

‫‪٨٧‬‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪(٣٥‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ‪Domains‬‬

‫‪ .٤‬ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﺍﱃ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪http://www.dot.tk :‬‬

‫‪ .٥‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺮﻏﺐ ﺑﻪ‬

‫ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ )(‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ‪WHOIS‬‬

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‫اذھﺐ اﻟﻰ اﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪http://www.whois.com‬‬ ‫‪.١‬‬

‫‪http://www.allwhois.com‬‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬

‫‪http://www.betterwhois.com‬‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬

‫ﺣﺎول اﻧﺘﺠﺪ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺮﻏﺐ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﮭﺎ ﺣﻮل أي ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﮭﺎ ﻣﺜﻼ‪:‬‬

‫اﺳﻢ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ اﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫‪.١‬‬

‫ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ اﻟﺘﺴﺠﯿﻞ او اﻻﺷﺘﺮاك‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ اﻧﺘﮭﺎء اﻻﺷﺘﺮاك‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﺧﺮى‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

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‫ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ -١‬ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﻣﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻲ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺽ‪ :‬ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‪١٤٢٢ ،‬ﻫـ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻓﻬﺪ ﻧﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺁﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺽ‪ :‬ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ‪١٤٢١ ،‬ﻫـ‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺣﻜﻤﺖ ﻗﺎﺳﻢ‪ .‬ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻘﺘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ‪ :‬ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻏﺮﻳﺐ‪،‬‬
‫‪.١٩٩٣‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﺍﳌﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪. http://www.c4arab.com/showac.php?acid=292‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﺍﳌﻨﱪ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﰐ ‪http://minbar.scs.org.sy/index.php‬‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﲰﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺭﺍﺷﺪ ﺁﻝ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﻡ ﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫‪http://www.itep.ae/arabic/home.aspx‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Internet Search‬‬

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Internet Search ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬