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Benguet State University

College Of Engineering And Applied Technology


La Trinidad, Benguet
ES 31
THERMODYNAMICS AND HEAT TRANSFER

LABORATORY EXERCISE
Submitted by: Honorio Junior B. Felix
Submitted to: Engr. Marvin T. Valentin
Submitted on: October 29, 2018

1. The pressure gage on a 2.5-m³ oxygen tank reads 500 kPa. Determine the
amount of oxygen in the tank if the temperature is 28 ᵒC and the atmospheric
pressure is 97 kPa.

Given:
Volume of the oxygen tank = 2.5 m³
Temperature of oxygen tank = 28 ᵒC + 273
= 301 Kelvin

Patm = 97 kPa
Pgage = 500 kPa
R of oxygen = 0.2598 KJ/kg-K
Req’d: m

Solution:

Pabs = Pgage + Patm


= 500 kPa + 97 kPa
= 597 kPa
PV = mRT
m = PV
RT
(597 KN/m²)(2.5 m³)
m=
(0.2598 KN.m/kg−K)(301 K)
m = 19.09 kg

2. A 400-L rigid tank contains 5 kg of air at 25 ᵒC. Determine the reading on the
pressure gage if the atmospheric pressure is 97 kPa.
Given:
Volume of the tank, V = 400 Liters x (0.001 m³/1 Liter)
= 0.4 m³
Temperature of air in tank, T = 25 ᵒC + 273
= 298 Kelvin
Mass of air in the tank, m = 5 kg
Atmospheric pressure, Patm = 97 kPa
Gas constant of air, R = 0.287 KJ/kg-K

Req’d: gage pressure Air

400-L
Solution: Pgage
25 oC

P = mRT/V
(5 kg)( 0.287 KN.m/kg−K)(298 K)
=
0.4 m³
= 1069.08 kPa
The gage pressure, Pgage
Pgage = P – Patm
= 1069.08 kPa – 97 kPa
= 972.08 kPa

3. A 1-m³ tank containing air at 25 ᵒC and 500 kPa is connected through a valve to
another tank containing 5 kg of air at 35 ᵒC and 200 kPa. Now the valve is opened,
and the entire system is allowed to reach thermal equilibrium with the
surroundings, which are at 20 ᵒC. Determine the volume of the second tank and
the final equilibrium pressure of air.
Given:
Volume of the tank 1, V1 = 1 m³
Temperature of air in tank 1, T1 = 25 ᵒC + 273
= 298 Kelvin
Pressure of air in tank 1, P1 = 500 kPa
Mass of air in the tank 2, m2 = 5 kg
Pressure of air in tank 2, P2 = 200 kPa
Temperature of air in tank 2, T2 = 35 ᵒC + 273
= 308 Kelvin
Temperature of surrounding, Tatm = 20 ᵒC + 273
= 293 Kelvin
For air, gas constant R = 0.287 KJ/kg-K

Req’d: m1
:V2
:P
Solution:
m1 = P1 V1/RT1
(500 KN/m²)(1m)
=
(0.287 KN.m/kg−K)(298 K)
= 5.85 kg

V2 = m2RT2/P2
(5 kg)(0.287 KN.m/kg−K)(308 K)
=
200 KN/m²
= 2.21 m³
Total volume, V = V1 + V2
= 1 m³ + 2.21 m³
= 3.21 m³

Total mass of air, m = m1 + m2


= 5 kg + 5.85 kg
= 10.85 kg
Therefore, P = mRTsurr/V
(10.85 kg)(0.287 KN.m/kg−K)(293 K)
=
3.21m³
= 284.23 kPa

4. The pressure in an automobile tire depends on the temperature of the air in


the tire. When the air temperature is 25 ᵒC, the pressure gage reads 210 kPa. If
the volume of the tire is 0.025 m³, determine the pressure rise in the tire when
the air temperature in the tire rises to 50 ᵒC. Also, determine the amount of air
that must be bled off to restore pressure to its original value at this temperature.
Assume the atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa.
Given:
Initial gage pressure, Pgage = 210 kPa
Initial air temperature, T1 = 25 ᵒC + 273
= 298 Kelvin
Final temperature, T2 = 50 ᵒC + 273
= 323 Kelvin
Volume of the tire, V = 0.025 m³
Atmospheric pressure, Patm = 100 kPa
Req’d:
:P1
:P2
:m1
:m2
:mT
Solution:

P1 = Pgage + Patm
= 210 kPa + 100 kPa
= 310 kPa
P2 = P1T2/T1
(310 kPa)(323 Kelvin)
=
298 Kelvin
= 336.01 kPa
Pressure rise ∆P
∆P = P2 – P1
= 336.01 kPa – 310 kPa
= 26.01 kPa

Mass of air in the tire can be obtain from


For m1 T = 323 Kelvin
P = 336.01 kPa
R = 0.287 KJ/kg-K
V = 0.025 m³
m1 = PV/RT
(336.01 KN/m²)(0.025 m³)
=
(0.287 KN.m/kg−K)( 323 K)
= 0.0906 kg

For m2 T = 323 Kelvin


P = 310 kPa
R = 0.287 KJ/kg-K
V = 0.025 m³
m2 = PV/RT
(310 KN/m²)(0.025 m³)
=
(0.287 KN.m/kg−K)( 323 K)
= 0.0836 kg
Amount of air that must bled off to restore pressure to its original value is,
∆m = m1 – m2
= 0.0906 kg - 0.0836 kg
= 0.0070 kg

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