ES 31-Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer

Labintas, Marilou P.
Laboratory Exercise

1. The pressure gage on a 2.5 m3 oxygen tank reads 500 kPa. Determine the
amount of oxygen in the tank if the temperature is 28°C and the atmospheric
pressure is 97 kPa.
v = 2.5 m3
Pgage = 500 kPa
Patm = 97 kPa
T = 28°C + 273 = 301 K
R = 0.2598 kJ / kg·K
Sol’t.: Pv = mRT
𝑃𝑣
m=
𝑅𝑇
Pabs = Pgage + Patm
= 500 kPa + 97 kPa
=597 kPa
(597 𝑘𝑃𝑎 ) (2.5 𝑚3 )
m= 𝑘𝐽
(0.2598 ) (301 𝐾 )
𝑘𝑔·𝐾
= 19.09 kg

2. A 400 L rigid tank contains 5 kg of air at 25°C. Determine the reading on the
pressure gage if the atmospheric pressure is 97 kPa.
m = 5 kg
T = 25°C + 273 = 298 K
R = 0.287 kPa·m3 / kg·K
Patm = 97kPa
v = 400 L = .4 m3
Sol’t.: Pv = mRT
𝑚𝑅𝑇
P=
𝑣
𝑘𝑃𝑎·𝑚3
(5 𝑘𝑔)(0.287 )(298 𝐾)
𝑘𝑔·𝐾
=
.4𝑚3
= 1069.075 kPa
Pgage = P - Patm
= 1069.075 kPa – 97 kPa
= 972. 075 kPa
3. A 1 m3 tank containing air at 25°C and 500 kPa is connected through a valve to
another tank containing 5 kg of air at 35°C and 200 kPa. Now the valve is
opened, and the entire system is allowed to reach thermal equilibrium with the
surroundings, which are at 20°C. Determine the volume of the second tank and
the final equilibrium pressure of air.

vtank1 = 1m3
Ttank1 = 25°C + 273 = 298 K
Ptank1 = 500 kPa
mtank2 = 5 kg
Ttank2 = 35°C + 273 = 308 K
Ptank2 = 200 kPa
Tsurroundings = 20°C + 273 = 293 K
R = 0.287 kJ / kmol·K
𝑃𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘1 𝑣𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘1
Sol’t.: mtank2 =
𝑅𝑇𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘1
(500 𝑘𝑃𝑎)( 1 𝑚3 )
= 𝑘𝐽
(0.287 )(298 𝐾 )
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙·𝐾
= 5.85 kg
𝑚𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘2 𝑅𝑇𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘2
vtank2 =
𝑃𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘2
𝑘𝐽
(5 𝑘𝑔)(0.278 )(308 𝐾)
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙·𝐾
=
200 𝑘𝑃𝑎
= 2.21 m3
vtotal = 1 m3 + 2.21 m3 = 3.21 m3
mtotal = 5 kg + 5.85 kg = 10.85 kg
𝑚𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑇𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠
Pfinal = 𝑣𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
𝑘𝐽
(10.85 𝑘𝑔)(0.287 )(293𝐾)
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙·𝐾
=
3.21 𝑚3
= 284.23 kPa
4. The pressure in an automobile tire depends on the temperature of the air in the
tire. When the air temperature is 25°C, the pressure gage reads 210 kPa. If the
volume of the tire is 0.025 m3, determine the pressure rise in the tire when the air
temperature in the tire rises to 50°C. Also, determine the amount of air that must
be bled off to restore pressure to its original value at this temperature. Assume
the atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa.
Pgage = 210 kPa
Patm = 100 kPa
R = 0.287 kJ / kg·K
T1 = 25°C + 273 = 298 K
T2 = 50°C + 273 = 323 K
v = 0.025 m3
Sol’t.: P1 = Pgage + Patm
= 210 kPa + 100 kPa
= 310 kPa
𝑃1 𝑣
m1 =
𝑅𝑇1
(310 𝑘𝑃𝑎)(0.025 𝑚3 )
= 𝑘𝐽
(0.287 )(298 𝐾 )
𝑘𝑔·𝐾
= 0.09062 kg
𝑚1 𝑅𝑇2
P2 =
𝑣
𝑘𝐽
(0.09062 𝑘𝑔)(0.287 )(323 𝐾 )
𝑘𝑔·𝐾
=
0.025 𝑚3
= 336.02 kPa
Prise = 336.02 kPa – 310 kPa
= 26.02 kPa
𝑃1 𝑣
m2 =
𝑅𝑇2
(310 𝑘𝑃𝑎)(0.025 𝑚3 )
= 𝑘𝐽
(0.287 )(323 𝐾 )
𝑘𝑔·𝐾
= 0.08360
mfinal = 0.09062 kg – 0.08360 kg
= .00702 kg