Date

Project Project Title

24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
5.0 DESIGN OF MAIN LONGITUDINAL GIRDER
5.1 Input Data
5.1.1 Bridge Geometry
Effective span for Main Girder = 36.00 m IRC 24-2010 cl:504.1-Page 36
Spacing of main Girder = 3.00 m
Distance between the Outer girders = 9.00 m > 1.80
>1/20th of Span OK IRC 24-2010 cl: 504.3-Page 36
Skew Angle = 0 Degree (Normal to Alignment)
Effective span for Cross Girder = 3.00 m IRC 24-2010 cl: 504.1-Page 36
Number of main girders = 4 No's
Number of intermediate diaphragms = 6 No's
Number of End diaphragms = 2 No's

Depth of Slab = 225 mm

Depth of Haunch above girder = 50 mm
Width of Haunch above girder = 50 mm
Offset from flange face = 25 mm

Impact Factor As per IRC:6 Cl 208 Page 30

1) Impact factor for steel girder with Class A loading = 9 / (13.5 +L)
Impact percentage for 36.0 m span =9/(13.5+36.000) = 18.2%
= 118%
2) Impact percentage for steel girders with 70R wheeled Vehicles = 118%
3) Impact percentage for steel girders with 70R Tracked Vehicles = 10%
= 110%
5.1.2 Summary of Forces for Main Girder
(BM at Mid Span and Shear Force at Support)
Girder Girder
Girder Girder Girder Girder
Sr. G1 G1
Description G2 to G3 G4 G2 to G3 G4
No.
Max. Bending Moment (kN-m) Max. Shear Force (kN)
1 Self Weight (Steel) + Diaphragm 1037 1064 1037 115 118 115
2 Self Weight of Slab 2819 2819 2819 313 313 313
3 Self Weight (Steel) + Slab + Diaphragm 3856 3883 3856 428 431 428
4 SIDL without surfacing + Foot path DL 1616 945 1616 197 79 197
5 Surfacing (Wearing Coat) 893 949 893 97 108 97
6 Live Load Governing with Impact 2326 3433 2326 203 505 203
7 Footpath Live load 775 416 775 95 34 95
8 Fatigue load (Impact factor = 1.08) 817 1513 2384 67 207 273
5.1.3 Design Forces for Main Girder
Design Forces for Evaluating Structural Strength at Ultimate Limit State
As per Annex B.2 of IRC:6 of Cl:4.2 for checking the structural strength, the partial safety factor for loads shown in column
No. 2 under Table B.2 are adopted.
Basic Combination
Girder Girder
Partial Girder Girder Girder Girder
Sr. G1 G1
Description Safety G2 to G3 G4 G2 to G3 G4
No.
factor
Max. Bending Moment (kN-m) Max. Shear Force (kN)
1 Self Weight (Steel) + Slab + Diaphragm 1.35 5206 5242 5206 578 582 578
2 SIDL without surfacing + Foot path DL 1.35 2182 1276 2182 266 106 266
3 Surfacing (Wearing Coat) 1.75 1562 1660 1562 170 189 170
4 Live Load Governing with Impact 1.50 3489 5150 3489 305 757 305
5 Footpath Live load 1.50 1162 624 1162 143 50 143
Combination -1 13600 13953 13600 1461 1684 1461
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
Design Forces for Serviceability Limit State
Rare Combination for Stress Check
Girder Girder
Girder Girder Girder Girder
Sr. Impact G1 G1
Description G2 to G3 G4 G2 to G3 G4
No. Factor
Max. Bending Moment (kN-m) Max. Shear Force (kN)
1 Self Weight (Steel) + Slab + Diaphragm 100% 3856 3883 3856 428 431 428
2 SIDL without surfacing + Foot path DL 100% 1616 945 1616 197 79 197
3 Surfacing (Wearing Coat) 100% 893 949 893 97 108 97
4 Live Load Governing with Impact 118% 2326 3433 2326 203 505 203
5 Footpath Live load 100% 775 416 775 95 34 95
Combination - 2 9465 9627 9465 1020 1156 1020

Quasi-permanent Combination for Shrinkage and Creep

Girder Girder
Partial Girder Girder Girder Girder
Sr. G1 G1
Description Safty G2 to G3 G4 G2 to G3 G4
No.
factor
Max. Bending Moment (kN-m) Max. Shear Force (kN)
1 Self Weight (Steel) + Slab + Diaphragm 1.00 3856 3883 3856 428 431 428
2 SIDL without surfacing + Foot path DL 1.00 1616 945 1616 197 79 197
3 Surfacing (Wearing Coat) 1.00 893 949 893 97 108 97
Combination - 2 6365 5777 6365 722 618 722
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
5.2 Sectional Properties and Standard Requirements

Sectional Property of Steel Section

Overall Depth Of Section h = 1,811 mm
> 1,440 mm IRC 24-2010 clause 504.4-Page 36
Thickness of Top Flange ttop_f = 25 mm
Thickness of Bottom Flange tbot_f = 36 mm
Thickness of Web tw = 16 mm
Clear Depth of Web between flanges d = 1750 mm
Width of Top Flange btop = 600 mm
Width of Bottom Flange bbot = 680 mm

Characteristic Stresses and Material Constants

Structural Steel Grade = E350
IS 800-2007 Table I Page 14/ IS2062
Max Tensile stress = Fe490 Table 2 Page 4
Yield stress of steel used for girders fy = 330 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity for Steel E = 200000 MPa
Unit Mass of Steel ρ = 7850 kg/m3
IRC 22-2008 Page 25 / IRC 24-2010
Poisson's Ratio μ = 0.30 Page 24
Modulus of Rigidity G = 77000 MPa
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion αt = 1.20E-05 /oC

Concrete grade for deck slab = M40 MPa

Steel Reinforcement grade = Fe500 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete Ec = 3.2E+04 MPa IRC 22-2008 Page 25
Density of Concrete = 25 kN/m3

Creep Factor for long term loads Kc = 0.50 IRC 22-2008 clause 604.3-Page 25

Permissible Stresses in Structural Steel

Permissible elastic stress in structural steel 0.87*fytk = 287 MPa IRC 22-2008 Clause 604.3.1 Pg 25

Permissible Stresses in Concrete

Permissible bending stress in concrete 1/3*fck = 13.33 MPa IRC 22-2008 Clause 604.3.1 Pg 25

Elastic Sectional Property

600
25

1,027

16
1,750 1,811

784

36

680
Figure a) Cross section of Steel Girder
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
Izz = Iself
Yb ∑ "I" Self @ "I" self
B D Area (A) y Ay A(Yb - y)2 + A(Yb-
Description (A x y) / ∑ A x- x @ y- y
y)2
2 3 4 4
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm4
Top flange 600 25 15,000 1,799 2.70E+07 784.32 1.54E+10 7.81E+05 4.5E+08 1.5E+10
Web 16 1,750 28,000 911 2.55E+07 784.32 4.49E+08 7.15E+09 6.0E+05 7.6E+09
Bottom flange 680 36 24,480 18 4.41E+05 784.32 1.44E+10 2.64E+06 9.4E+08 1.4E+10
67,480 5.29E+07 3.03E+10 1.4E+09 3.7E+10
Where,
y = C. G. of individual plate from bottom of girder
Yb = N. A. of section from bottom of girder
Izz = Moment of Inertial about y - y
Iyy = Moment of Inertial about z - z

As section is unsymmetrical about z-z axis, the moment of inertial is calculated based on parallel axis theorem
4
Izz = 3.74E+10 mm
and symmetric about y - y axis, hence the addition of Iself about y-y axis itself as a Iyy of section
Iyy = 1.39E+09 mm4

Elastic Section Modulus of section (Ze)

3
Z top =37,40,28,03,998/(1,027) = 3.64E+07 mm
3
Z bot =37,40,28,03,998/784.32 = 4.77E+07 mm

Plastic Section Modulus of section (Zp)

The plastic section modulus is calculated as per clause 603.1.3 of IRC:22-2008.
ε =SQRT(250/330) = 0.87
20 ε tw =20xSQRT(250/330)x16 = 278.52 mm

600
25
A1 278.52

1091
1,811 A2 278.52

A3 16 720

36
680

Zp = A1 x y1 + A2 x y2 + A3 x y3
2
A1 = 19456.4 mm =(600x25+278.52x16)
C1 = 47.3 mm =((((600x25)x(25/2))+((278.52x16)x(25+278.52/2)))/19456.39)
y1 = 1043.74 mm =1090.99-47.26

2
A2 = 4456.39 mm =(278.52x16)
y2 = 139.3 mm =(278.52/2)

2
A3 = 35424.1 mm =((680x36)+((720-36)x16))
C3 = 129.220 mm =((((680x36)x(36/2))+(((720-36)x16)x(720-36)/2+16))/35424.05)
y3 = 590.78 mm =720-129.22

For Plastic Section modulus, A1 x y1 + A2 x y2 = A3 x y3

3
A1 x y1 + A2 x y2 = 2.09E+07 mm

3
A3 x y3 = 2.09E+07 mm

3
Zp = 4.19E+07 mm
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
Sectional Requirement for Steel Girder
fy= Yield Stress of Steel Used = 330 MPa
tf= Thickness of compression flange = 25 mm
d= Depth of web = 1750 mm
tw= Thickness of web = 16 mm
e =SQRT(250/330) = 0.87
Minimum width to thickness ratio for Compression Flange IRC 24-2010 clause 503.7.2 Table 2 -Page 33
Compression
Ratio Class 1 Plastic Class 2 Compact Class 3 Semi compact
Element
8.4e = 7.31 9.4e = 8.18 13.6e = 11.84
Outstand element of
b/tf Actual = 11.68 Actual = 11.68 Actual = 11.68
compression flange
- - Semi Compact

Minimum depth to thickness ratio for Web IRC 24-2010 clause 503.7.2 Table 2 -Page 33
Compression
Ratio Class 1 Plastic Class 2 Compact Class 3 Semi compact
Element
84e = 73.11 105e = 91.39 126e = 109.67
Web of an I-
d/tw Actual = 109.38 Actual = 109.38 Actual = 109.38
section
- - Semi Compact
Overall Section is "Semi-Compact"
Minimum Web thickness IRC 24-2010 clause 509.6.1-Page 97
The thickness of web in a section shall satisfy the following requirement
1 Serviceability requirement
2 Compression flange buckling requirement

1 Serviceability requirement IRC 24-2010 clause 509.6.1.1 -Page 97

a) When Transverse Stiffeners are not provided
ϵ = SQRT(250/fyw) = 0.870
d/tw <= 200e
109.38 <= 174.1 N/A

b) When only Transverse Stiffeners are provided

Spacing of transverse stiffeners c = 1500 mm
Depth of web d = 1750 mm
i) When 3d >= c >= d 5250.00 >= 1500 < 1750 N/A
ii) When 0.74d <= c < d 1295.00 <= 1500 < 1750 OK
iii) When c < 0.74d 1500 >= 1295 N/A
iv) When c > 3d 1500 < 5250 Stiffened

Considering Case ii) c/tw <= 200e

93.8 <= 174 OK
As web thickness satisfies serviceability requirement, provide only transverse stiffeners.
2 Compression flange buckling requirement IRC 24-2010 clause 509.6.1.2 -Page 99
b) When Transverse Stiffeners are provided
i) When c >= 1.5 d 1500 < 2625 N/A
ii) When c < 1.5d 1500 < 2625 OK

Considering Case ii) d/tw <= 345 ϵf

109.38 <= 300.28 OK
As web thickness satisfies compression flange buckling requirement, provide only transverse stiffeners.

5.3 Design for Construction Stage (Steel Section)

It is proposed to lift 2 girders at a time with all vertical bracings between them in place. (ie) G1+G2, G3+G4 and G5+G6 together.
5.3.3 Design Shear Strength of Steel Girder (Vd) IRC 24-2010 clause 509.4-Page 90
Vd = Vn/ϒmo
Where,
Vd = Design Shear Strength
Vn = Nominal shear resistance of the section
ϒmo = Partial safety factor against shear failure = 1.10 IRC 24-2010 clause 503.4-Page 30
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
The vertical shear force is assumed to be resisted by the web of the steel section.
Nominal Shear strength may be governed by plastic shear resistance or strength of web as governed by shear buckling.

i) Plastic Shear Resistance:

Vn = Vp
Where, Vp = Av x fyw / √3
AV = Shear Area IRC 24-2010 clause 509.4.1.1-Page 91
= d x tw (Considering Major Axis Bending for Welded Sections)
= 28000 mm2
fyw = Yield strength of the web

Hence, Vp = 5334716 N
= 5335 kN

ii) Shear Buckling Resistance:

Resistance to shear buckling shall be verified in the following manner:

1) For unstiffened webs d/tw > 67 ϵ

109.38 > 58.32 N/A

2) For stiffened webs d/tw > 67 ϵ √(Kv / 5.35)

109.38 > 84.68 OK

Where, Kv = Shear Buckling Coefficient IRC 24-2010 clause 509.4.2.2-Page 92

= 11.28 when transverse stiffeners are provided with c/d < 1
ϵ = √ (250 / fy)
The resistance to shear buckling is calculated by the following methods.

a) Simple Post Critical method

Vn = Vcr
Where,
Vcr = Shear force corresponding to web buckling
= Av x τb
tb = Shear stress corresponding to web buckling

The shear stress corresponding to web buckling is calculated as follows:

When λw <= 0.8 τb = fyw / √3
When 0.8 < λw < 1.2 τb = (( 1 - 0.8 ) ( λw - 0.8 )) ( fyw / √3 )
When λw >= 1.2 τb = fyw /( √3 λw2)

τcr,e = kv π2 E / (12 (1 - μ2 )(d / tw )2) (Elastic Critical Shear Stress)

= 170 MPa
λw = √[fyw / (√(3) τcr,e )] (Non-dimensional Web slenderness ratio)
= 1.06
Hence tb = 151.33 MPa

Hence Vcr = Av x τ b
Vcr = 4237128 N
Vn = 4237 kN

b) Tension field method

This method is not applicable since c/d < 1

Nominal Shear strength is minimum of the above two methods.

Vn = 4237 kN
Design shear strength
Vd = 4,237/1.10
Vd = 3852 kN
Check,
Construction live load considering 1.0kN/m2 & 1.0kN/m2 = 6 kN/m
for formwork and live loads respectively.
Factored Shear force due to Construction Live load (LF=1.35) = 146 kN
Factored Shear force due to Steel + Slab = 582 kN
Design Shear Force (Steel+Slab+LL) = 728 kN < 3852 kN
OK
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
5.3.2 Design Bending Strength of Steel section

Check for High Shear Force

V = 728 kN = Factored design Shear Force
Vd = 3,852 kN = Design Shear Strength of the cross section

As V < 0.6Vd No reduction in moment capacity is necessary

i) For Laterally Un-Supported Beam

The design bending strength of the steel girder is calculated as follows, when V n < 0.6Vd.
IRC 24-2010 clause 509.2.2-Page 80
Md = bb Z p f bd

Where,
f bd = χLT f y / gmo
ϒmo = 1.10 = Partial safety factor
cLT = 1/(fLT + (fLT2 - lLT2)1/2) <1.0
fLT = 0.5*[1 + aLT(lLT - 0.2) + lLT2]
aLT = 0.49
lLT = slenderness ratio = (bb Zp fy / Mcr)1/2 < (1.2 Ze fy / Mcr)1/2
bb = 0.870 (1 for plastic or compact section and Ze / Zp for Semi compact section)

 2 EI y  
0.5
 K  I w 
2
Mcr GIt (LLT ) 2  -(Annex-C of IRC-24-2010, pg.177)
 c1     (c2 y g  c3 y j ) 2   (c2 y g  c3 y j )
( LLT )  K w  I y
2
 2 EI y  
 
E = 2.0E+05 MPa = Modulus of elasticity of material
LLT = 2.5 x 4EIfc ad) = eff. length for lateral torsion restraint IRC 24-2010 clause 509.3.5-Page 89
= 7500 mm
a = 7500 mm = Distance between cross beams
d = [d13 / 3EI1] + [(d22)b / EI2]
= 5.23E-07 mm
d1 = 87.5 mm = Dist. from CG of comp flange to top of cross beam =100-25/2
d2 = 893.0 mm = Dist. from CG of comp flange to NA of cross beam
I1 = 2.52E+07 mm4 = MI of stiffeners @ centre of web (including web width 16t w on both sides)
I2 = 1.25E+10 mm4 = MI of cross beam in it's plane of bending 2-ISMC 100 BB
b = 1.500 m = Half the distance between c/c of main girders

Iy = 1.39E+09 mm4 = Moment of inertia @ weak axis

G = 77000 MPa = Modulus of rigidity IRC 24-2010 clause 502.2.2-Page 24
It = Sbt (ti)3 /3 = St. Venant's Torsion constant
= 1.6E+07 mm4
I fc = 4.5E+08 mm4 = MI of Comp. flange @ minor axis
I ft = 9.4E+08 mm4 = MI of Ten. flange @ minor axis
bf = 0.32 = I fc / (I fc + I ft )
hy = 1781
Iw = Warping Constant
= (1- b f ) b f I y h y 2 = 9.66E+14 mm4
K = 1.0 The value of K depends on end restraints
K= 0.5,0.7,1 respectively for complete, partial & no restraint against rotation about weak axis

Kw = 1.0 (The value of Kw is generally taken as 1 unless special arrangements have been
made to restrain warping at end supports of sections )
yg = Distance between point of application of load and shear centre of cross section. Its positive when load acts
towards shear centre
= (hy /( (1 +(btop + bbot)3 x (ttop_f / tbot_f) )) - ytop (For monosymmetric I sections)

= 1218 mm
yj = -315.19
c1 = 1.132
c2 = 0.459 (Annex-C of IRC-24-2010, Table-C.1)
c3 = 0.525
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
\ Mcr = 2.16E+10 Nmm
\ lLT = 0.746 Beam is Laterally Unsupported
\ fLT = 0.91
\ cLT = 0.70
fbd = cLTfy/ϒm0
= 209 MPa
Md = 7610 kN-m

As beam is Laterally Un-supported,

Bending Moment Capacity of Section (Md) = 7610 kN-m

Check,
Construction live load considering 1.0kN/m2 & 1.0kN/m2 = 6.00 kN/m
for formwork and live loads respectively.
Factored Moment at centre for simply supported girder = 1312 kN-m
with construction live load (Load Factor = 1.35)
Factored Moment for Steel + Slab = 5242 kN-m

Design Bending Moment (Steel+Slab+LL) = 6554 kN-m < 7610 kN-m

OK
Stress Check,
Max stress at Top fibre =((6,554/1.35)×1e6)/3.64E+07 = 133 MPa < 287 MPa
Max stress at Bottom fibre =((6,554/1.35)×1e6)/4.77E+07 = 102 MPa < 287 MPa
OK

5.4 Design for Service Stage (Composite Section)

Design of Composite Section for Ultimate Limit State
5.4.1 Design Bending Strength of Composite Section
Effective Width for composite Section IRC 22-2008 clause 603.3-Page 16
10.05

0.3 0.45 0.45 0.3

1.5 7.50 1.5

1.50 3.00 3.0 3.0 1.50

G1 G2 G3 G4

Figure b) Cross section of Bridge

Effective width beff of deck slab for Inner girder Effective width beff of deck slab for Outer girder
beff = L0 / 4 <= (B1 + B2)/2 beff = (L0 / 8 <= B/2) + ( X <= B/2)
= 9.00 > 3.00 = 1.50 + 1.50
beff = 3.00 m beff = 3.00 m
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
i) Moment of Resistance for Composite Section (Inner Girder)
Grade of Concrete for Slab fck = 40 MPa
Grade of R/F steel for Slab fy = 500 MPa
E for concrete Ec ( s ) = 31,623 MPa
E for steel Es = 2,00,000 MPa

3,000

225 650
50 600
25
50
25

1,027

2,086 16 1,750
1,811

784

36

680
Figure c) Cross section of Inner Composite Section

Bending Moment with full shear Interaction

IRC:22 -2008, Clause 603.5.1-Annexure I, Page 69
Notation Af = Area of top flange of steel beam of a composite section = 15,000
mm2
As = Cross sectional area of steel beam of a composite section = 59,337
mm2
(Considering effective web area for plastic section, Refer 5.2.1.2)
beff = Effective width of concrete slab (Considering constant slab depth) = 2,582 mm
bf = Width of top flange of steel section = 600 mm
ds = Overall depth of concrete slab = 275 mm
dc = Vertical Distance between centroids of concrete slab and steel beam
=(225×3,000×(1,027+50+225/2)+(650×50×(1,027+50/2))+(50×50×((2/3)×50+1,027)))/((225×3,000)+(650×50)+(50×50))
= 1,182 mm

tf =
Average thickness of top flange of the steel section = 25 mm
tw =thickness of web of the steel section = 16 mm
Xu = Depth of neutral axis at ultimate limit state of flexure from top of concrete
Mu = Ultimate bending moment
ϒm = Material safety factor for structural steel IRC 22-2008, Table 1, page 30 = 1.1
a = Constant = (fy / ϒm)/(0.36fck)
= (330/1.1)/(0.36×40)
= 21
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
Position of Plastic Neutral Axis

Depth of Slab is considered constant , but the width has been modified ds = 275.00 mm

As per Table 1.1 IRC 22 (2008),Pg 69, Plastic Moment capacity for composite section is given as:
Position of Plastic neutral
Case Value of xu Moment Capacity
axis

1 N.A. Within Slab

beff.ds > a.As xu = (a.As)/beff Mp =(Asfy (dc + 0.5ds - 0.42xu))/ϒm

- Refer Fig 1.1, Pg 70, IRC-22-2008

2 N.A. in Steel Flange
beff.ds<a.As<(beff.ds+2a.Af) xu = ds +( (aAs - beff.ds)/2bfa) Mp ={ [As (dc + 0.08ds) - bf(xu - ds).(xu + 0.16ds)]}ϒm

- Refer Fig 1.2, Pg 70, IRC-22-2008

3 N.A. in Web
beff.ds + 2a.Af < a.As xu = ds + tf + {a(As - 2Af) - beff.ds} / Mp = fy [ As(dc + 0.08ds) - 2Af(0.5tf + 0.58ds) - tw(xu - ds -
2atw tf) . (xu + 0.16ds + tf)] / ϒm

- Refer Fig 1.3, Pg 70, IRC-22-2008

Hence, depth of the NA is calculated based on the following conditions:

Case 1 Plastic Neutral axis Within Slab
If beff x ds > a x As
7,10,000 < 12,36,184 N/A
Case 2 Plastic Neutral axis in Steel flange
If beff x ds < a x As < beff x ds + 2 a x Af
7,10,000 < 12,36,184 < 13,35,000 OK
Case 3 Plastic Neutral axis in Web
If beff x ds + 2 a x Af < a x As
13,35,000 > 12,36,184 N/A

Based on the above calculations, the depth of the NA & Plastic moment capacity is found out for Case 2

Depth of neutral axis xu = 296 mm

Plastic Moment capacity Mp = 2.01.E+10 N-mm

Mp = 20144 kN-m
Max design bending moment on the section = 13953 kN-m OK
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
ii) Moment of Resistance for Composite Section (Outer Girder)
3,000

225 50 650 50 225

50 600 275 50
25 50

25

1,027
1,750
16 1,811

784

36
680

Figure d) Cross section of Outer Composite Section

Moment of resistance of Composite Section (Outer Girder)
Bending Moment with full shear Interaction IRC:22 -2008, Clause 603.5.1-Annexure I, Page 69
Notation Af = Area of top flange of steel beam of a composite section = 15,000 mm2
As = Cross section area of steel beam of a composite section = 59,337 mm2
(Considering effective web area for plastic section, Refer 5.2.1.2)
beff =Effective width of concrete slab = 2,582 mm
bf =Width of top flange of steel section = 600 mm
ds = Overall depth of concrete slab = 275 mm
dc = Vertical Distance between centroids of concrete slab and steel beam = 1,182 mm
tf =
Average thickness of top flange of the steel section = 25 mm
tw =thickness of web of the steel section = 16 mm
Xu = Depth of neutral axis at ultimate limit state of flexure from top of concrete
Mu = Ultimate bending moment
ϒm = Material safety factor for structural steel IRC 22-2008 Table 1, page 30 = 1.1
a = Constant = (fy / ϒm)/(0.36fck)
= (330/1.1)/(0.36×40)
= 21
Position of Plastic Neutral Axis
Depth of Slab is considered constant , but the width has been modified ds = 275 mm
The depth of the NA is calculated based on the following conditions:
Case 1 Plastic Neutral axis Within Slab
If beff x ds > a x As
7,10,000 < 12,36,184 N/A
Case 2 Plastic Neutral axis in Steel flange
If beff x ds < a x As < beff x ds + 2 a x Af
7,10,000 < 12,36,184 < 13,35,000 OK
Case 3 Plastic Neutral axis in Web
If beff x ds + 2 a x Af < a x As
13,35,000 > 12,36,184 N/A

Based on the above calculations, the depth of the NA & Plastic moment capacity is found out for Case 2
Depth of neutral axis xu = 296 mm

Plastic Moment capacity Mp = 2.01.E+10 Nmm

= 20144 kNm
Max design bending moment on the section = 13600 kNm OK
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
5.4.2 Design Shear Strength of Composite Section IRC:22-2008 clause 603.5.3.2 page 20
As vertical shear force is assumed to be resisted by the web of the steel section due to which
Shear Check is same for outer and inner girder.
Vd = Vn/ϒmo
Where,
Vd = Design Strength
Vn = Nominal shear resistance of the section
ϒmo = Partial safety factor against shear failure = 1.10 IRC 22-2008 Table 1, page 30

Nominal Shear strength may be governed by plastic shear resistance or strength of web as governed by shear buckling.

1) Plastic Shear Resistance:

Vn = Vp
Where, Vp = Av x fyw / √3
AV = Shear Area IRC:22-2008 clause 603.5.3.2 page 20
= d x tw
= 28000 mm2
fyw = Yield strength of the web

Vertical shear force is assumed to be resisted by the web of the steel section only, Hence as per clause 603.5.3.2 of IRC:22 2008
of area of web only considered.
Hence, Vp = 5335 kN

2) Shear Buckling Resistance:

Resistance to shear buckling shall be verified, when
d/tw > 67 ϵ √(Kv / 5.35)
109.38 > 84.68 OK

Where, Kv = Shear Buckling Coefficient IRC:22-2008 clause 603.5.3.2 page 22

= 11.28 - when transverse stiffeners are provided with c/d < 1
ϵ = √ (250 / fy)
The resistance to shear buckling is calculated by the following methods.

a) Simple Post Critical method

Vn = Vcr
Where,
Vcr = Shear force corresponding to web buckling
= Av x τb
τb = Shear stress corresponding to web buckling

τcr,e = kv π2 E / (12 (1 - μ2 )(d / tw )2)

= 170 MPa

λw = √(fyw / (√(3 τcr,e))

= 1.06
The shear stress corresponding to web buckling is calculated as follows:
When λw <= 0.8 τb = fyw / √3
When 0.8 < λw < 1.2 τb = (( 1 - 0.8 ) ( λw - 0.8 )) ( fyw / √3 )
When λw >= 1.2 τb = fyw /( √3 λw2)

Hence τb = 151.33 MPa

Hence Vcr = Av x τ b
Vcr = 4237128 N
Vn = 4237 kN
b) Tension field method
This method is not applicable since c/d < 1
Nominal Shear strength is minimum of the above two methods.
Vn = 4237 kN
Design shear strength is obtained by dividing the nominal shear strength by the factor of safety.
Vd = 4,237/1.10
= 3852 kN
Maximum shear force in the critical girder = 1684 kN < 3852 kN
OK
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
Design of Composite Section for Serviceability Limit State
5.4.3 Stress Check of Composite Section
The normal elastic analysis is used for finding out the design forces and stresses under various load combinations as per IRC:6 and
load factors as per IRC:22-2008. The section is checked for the stresses and deflection at this limit state.
3,000

225 650 275

50 600
25
50
25

1,027

2,086 16
1,750 1,811

784

36

680
Figure e) Cross section of Composite Section

2
Area of concrete slab Inner Girder = 3,000×225+50×50+650×50 = 7,10,000 mm
2
Area of concrete slab Outer Girder = 3,000×225+50×50+650×50 = 7,10,000 mm

Calculation of Modular Ratio & Section Properties

For calculating stresses and deflection in the structure, the modular ratio is calculated as mentioned in IRC:22-2008 for different
stages of loading and the final stresses and deflections are worked out separately for each stage of load history with the relevant
modular ratio and the corresponding section modulus and then added together.

Section Properties is calculated for inner and outer girder and presented below and same properties is used for analysis of structure.

Modular ratio for Permanent loads / Long term loads IRC 22-2008 clause 604.3-Page 25
Modular ratio m = Es / ( Kc*Ec )
where
Kc = Creep factor
= 0.5
m = 2,00,000/(0.5×31,623)
= 12.6 < 15.0
Hence, modular ratio in design = 15.00

Modular ratio for Transient loads / Short term loads

Modular ratio m = Es / Ec IRC 22-2008 clause 604.3-Page 24
m = (2,00,000/31,623)
= 6.32 < 7.5
Hence, modular ratio in design = 7.50

i) Sectional Properties of inner girder at service stage

a) Long Term Loads
The equivalent area of concrete slab is calculated by dividing the effective width of concrete slab by the modular ratio.
Modified effective width of slab = (3000 x 225 + 650 x 50 + (0.5 x50 x 50 x 2 ) )/275
= 2,582
Equitant width of concrete slab =2,582/15.00 = 172 mm
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
172

600 275

25

822

16 2,086
1,750 1,811

1,264

36

680
Figure f) Cross section of Composite Section for Permanent Load

Sectional Properties
Width Depth Area Dist from Ixx Iyy Ibot
Ay A y2
Description B D A bot y BD3/12 DB3/12 Ixx + Ay2
mm mm mm2 mm mm3 mm4 mm4 mm4 mm4
Top flange 600 25 1.50E+04 1,799 2.70E+07 4.85E+10 7.81E+05 4.50E+08 4.9E+10
Web 16 1,750 2.80E+04 911 2.55E+07 2.32E+10 7.15E+09 5.97E+05 3.0E+10
Bottom flange 680 36 2.45E+04 18 4.41E+05 7.93E+06 2.64E+06 9.43E+08 1.1E+07
Slab 172 275 4.73E+04 1,949 9.22E+07 1.80E+11 2.98E+08 1.17E+08 1.8E+11
S 1.15E+05 1.45E+08 1.51E+09 2.6E+11

ytopsl top of concrete slab = 822 mm

ytop top of steel flange = 547 mm
ybot = 1,264 mm
IZZ = 7.54E+10 mm4
Iyy = 1.51E+09 mm4
Ztopsl top of concrete slab = 9.18E+07 mm3
Ztop top of steel top flange = 1.38E+08 mm3
Zbot bot of steel bot flange = 5.96E+07 mm3
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
b) Short Term Loads
The equivalent area of concrete slab is calculated by dividing the effective width of concrete slab by the modular ratio.
Modified effective width of slab = (3000 x 225 + 650 x 50 + (0.5 x50 x 50 x 2 ) )/275
= 2,582
Equivalent width of concrete slab =2,582/7.50 = 344 mm
344

600 275

25

622

16 2,086
1,750 1,811
1,464

36

680
Figure g) Cross section of Composite Section for Transient Load

Sectional Properties
Width Depth Area Dist from Ixx Iyy Ibot
Ay A y2
Description B D A bot y BD3/12 DB3/12 Ixx + Ay2
mm mm mm2 mm mm3 mm4 mm4 mm4 mm4
Top flange 600 25 1.50E+04 1,799 2.70E+07 4.85E+10 7.81E+05 4.50E+08 4.9E+10
Web 16 1,750 2.80E+04 911 2.55E+07 2.32E+10 7.15E+09 5.97E+05 3.0E+10
Bottom flange 680 36 2.45E+04 18 4.41E+05 7.93E+06 2.64E+06 9.43E+08 1.1E+07
Slab 344 275 9.47E+04 1,949 1.84E+08 3.59E+11 5.97E+08 9.35E+08 3.6E+11
S 1.62E+05 2.37E+08 2.33E+09 4.4E+11

ytopsl top of concrete slab = 622 mm

ytop top of steel flange = 347 mm
ybot = 1,464 mm
Izz = 9.14E+10 mm4
Iyy = 2.33E+09 mm4
Ztopsl top of concrete slab = 1.47E+08 mm3
Ztop top of steel top flange = 2.63E+08 mm3
Zbot bot of steel bot flange = 6.24E+07 mm3
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
ii) Sectional Properties of outer girder at service stage
a) Long Term Loads
The equivalent area of concrete slab is calculated by dividing the effective width of concrete slab by the modular ratio.

= 2,582
Equivant width of concrete slab =2,582/15.00 = 172 mm
172

600 275

25

822

16 2,086
1,750 1,811
1,264

36

680
Figure h) Cross section of Composite Section for Permanent Load
Sectional Properties
Width Depth Area Dist from Ixx Iyy Ibot
Ay A y2
Description B D A bot y BD3/12 DB3/12 Ixx + Ay2
mm mm mm2 mm mm3 mm4 mm4 mm4 mm4
Top flange 600 25 1.50E+04 1,799 2.70E+07 4.85E+10 7.81E+05 4.50E+08 4.9E+10
Web 16 1,750 2.80E+04 911 2.55E+07 2.32E+10 7.15E+09 5.97E+05 3.0E+10
Bottom flange 680 36 2.45E+04 18 4.41E+05 7.93E+06 2.64E+06 9.43E+08 1.1E+07
Slab 172 275 4.73E+04 1,949 9.22E+07 1.80E+11 2.98E+08 1.17E+08 1.8E+11
S 1.15E+05 1.45E+08 1.51E+09 2.6E+11

ytopsl top of concrete slab = 822 mm

ytop top of steel flange = 547 mm
ybot = 1,264 mm
IZZ = 7.54E+10 mm4
Iyy = 1.51E+09 mm4
Ztopsl top of concrete slab = 9.18E+07 mm3
Ztop top of steel top flange = 1.38E+08 mm3
Zbot bot of steel bot flange = 5.96E+07 mm3
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
b) Short Term Loads
The equivalent area of concrete slab is calculated by dividing the effective width of concrete slab by the modular ratio.

= 2,582
Equivant width of concrete slab =2,582/7.50 = 344 mm

344

600 275

25

622

16 2,086
1,750 1,811

1,464

36

680
Figure i) Cross section of Composite Section for Transient Load

Sectional Properties
Width Depth Area Dist from Ixx Iyy Ibot
Ay A y2
Description B D A bot y BD3/12 DB3/12 Ixx + Ay2
mm mm mm2 mm mm3 mm4 mm4 mm4 mm4
Top flange 600 25 1.50E+04 1,799 2.70E+07 4.85E+10 7.81E+05 4.50E+08 4.9E+10
Web 16 1,750 2.80E+04 911 2.55E+07 2.32E+10 7.15E+09 5.97E+05 3.0E+10
Bottom flange 680 36 2.45E+04 18 4.41E+05 7.93E+06 2.64E+06 9.43E+08 1.1E+07
Slab 344 275 9.47E+04 1,949 1.84E+08 3.59E+11 5.97E+08 9.35E+08 3.6E+11
S 1.62E+05 2.37E+08 2.33E+09 4.4E+11

ytopsl top of concrete slab = 622 mm

ytop top of steel flange = 347.0 mm
ybot = 1,464 mm
Izz = 9.14E+10 mm4
Iyy = 2.33E+09 mm4
Ztopsl top of concrete slab = 1.47E+08 mm3
Ztop top of steel top flange = 2.63E+08 mm3
Zbot bot of steel bot flange = 6.24E+07 mm3
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
iii) Analysis for Differential Shrinkage
The differential shrinkage is entirely due to the concrete from the time composite action comes into effect.
Shrinkage Strain of Concrete = 2.00E-04 IRC 6 cl 217.3
Long Term Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete = (Kc.Ec) = 15811 MPa
IRC 22-2008 clause 604.3-Page 25
2
Area of concrete Outer Girder = 7,10,000 mm
2
Area of concrete Inner Girder = 7,10,000 mm
Stress Developed Due Shrinkage Strain = 3.16 MPa
Force Due To Shrinkage Strain outer Girder = 2,245 kN
Force Due To Shrinkage Strain inner Girder = 2,245 kN
This force is assumed to act at the CG of concrete slab.
Distance of CG of concrete slab to the CG of composite section. = 684 mm
Bending Moment due to differential shrinkage in outer Girder = 1,536 kN-m
Distance of CG of concrete slab to the CG of composite section. = 684 mm
Bending Moment due to differential shrinkage inner Girder = 1,536 kN-m
Description Stress due to forces Stress due to Moment Final stresses Remark
Top of deck slab stops 1.30 Mpa 1.12 Mpa -0.74 Mpa Ignored in calc.
Bottom of deck slab sbots 1.30 Mpa 0.74 Mpa -1.12 Mpa Ignored in calc.
Top of Girder stopg 19.56 Mpa 11.14 Mpa 30.69 Mpa
Bottom of Girder sbotg 19.56 Mpa -25.76 Mpa -6.20 Mpa
iv) Analysis for Temperature Gradient

The daily variation of temperature causes the differences in temperature between top and bottom faces of the structure. This change
in the temperature sets up additional stresses in the structure. The temperature gradient is considered as per Figure 10(b) of IRC:6.
o
Top of slab 20.50 C 5.50 oC

0.6h 165.0 165 h1

Deck Slab 225 h o
4.0 C 0 o
C
60.0 3.53 oC h 0 o
C
Bot of slab 50 50.0 3.14 oC 0 o
C
Steel flange 25.0 2.94 oC 0.5 o
C

h2 400 375.0 400 h2

o o
0.0 C 8.0 C 1,411.00

Temperature Rise Temperature Fall

h = 275 mm = Depth of Slab
h1 = 0.6 h
h2 = 0.4 mt
Long Term Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete (Ec/2) = 15,811 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity of steel = 2,00,000 MPa
o
Coefficient of thermal Expansion for concrete & steel = 1.20E-05 / C
Temperature Rise Case IRC6, Clause 215.4 Page 42
Dist. of Stress Total CG of
Moment
fiber Temp at Width of due to force force
Section Fiber No Force about top
from the fiber Fiber temp between from top
of slab
top gradient fibers of slab
( E x ax T (E x a x T F=(Fi+Fi+1)
(d) (T) (W) (y) (F x Y)
) x W) /2x(di+1-di)
o
mm c mm MPa kN/mm kN m kNm
1 0 20.50 3000 3.890 11.67
2 165 4.00 3000 0.759 2.28 1,151 0.064 74
Slab
3 225 3.53 3000 0.670 2.01 129 0.194 25
4 275 3.14 650 0.595 0.39 60 0.244 15
5 275 3.14 600 7.529 4.52 0 0.275 0
6 300 2.94 600 7.059 4.24 109 0.287 31
I girder
7 300 2.94 16 7.059 0.11 0 0.300 0
8 675 0.00 16 0.000 0.00 21 0.425 9
1,470 154
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
Total Force = 1,470 kN
CG of total force from top of slab = 0.105 m
CG of composite section from top of concrete slab = 0.62 m
Moment Due to temperature Rise = 760 kN-m
Description Stress due to forces Stress due to Moment Final stresses Remark
Top of deck slab stops -1.21 Mpa -0.69 Mpa 1.99 Mpa
Bottom of deck slab sbots -1.21 Mpa -0.38 Mpa -1.00 Mpa Ignored in calc.
Top of Girder stopg -9.06 Mpa -2.89 Mpa -4.42 Mpa Ignored in calc.
Bottom of Girder sbotg -9.06 Mpa 12.18 Mpa 3.12 Mpa Ignored in calc.
Note: Temperature Rise not critical in tensile stress, Hence comp. stress alone considered in design.
Temperature Fall Case
Dist. of Stress Total CG of
Moment
fiber Temp at Width of due to force force
Section Fiber No Force about top
from the fiber Fiber temp between from top
of slab
top gradient fibers of slab
( E x ax T (E x a x T F=(Fi+Fi+1)
(d) (T) (W) (y) (F x Y)
) x W) /2x(di+1-di)
o
mm c mm MPa kN/mm kN m kNm
1 0 5.50 3000 1.044 3.13
2 165 0.00 3000 0.000 0.00 258 0.055 14
Slab
3 225 0.00 3000 0.000 0.00 0 0.000 0
4 275 0.00 650 0.000 0.00 0 0.000 0
5 275 0.00 600 0.000 0.00 0 0.000 0
6 300 0.50 600 1.200 0.72 9 0.283 3
7 300 0.50 16 1.200 0.02 0 0.300 0
I girder 8 675 8.00 16 19.200 0.31 61 0.432 26
9 2050 8.00 16 19.200 0.31 422 1.363 576
10 2050 8.00 680 19.200 13.06 0 2.050 0
11 2086 8.00 680 19.200 13.06 470 2.068 972
1,221 1,591
Total Force = 1,221 kN
CG of total force from top of slab = 1.303 m
CG of composite section from top of concrete slab = 0.62 m
Moment Due to temperature fall = -831 kN-m
Description Stress due to forces Stress due to Moment Final stresses Remark
Top of deck slab stops 1.00 Mpa 0.75 Mpa 0.71 Mpa Ignored in calc.
Bottom of deck slab sbots 1.00 Mpa 0.42 Mpa 1.42 Mpa
Top of Girder stopg 7.53 Mpa 3.16 Mpa 10.69 Mpa
Bottom of Girder sbotg 7.53 Mpa -13.32 Mpa -24.99 Mpa
Note: Temperature Rise not critical in Comp. stress, Hence Tensile. stress alone considered in design.
v) Check for Stresses in the Member
The stresses in the member at the critical section i.e. midspan are checked for rare combination as per IRC:6. The final stresses in
the member are calculated separately for each loading stage of load history with relevant section properties and then added together.
A Izz Ztopsl Ztop Zbot
Sl. No. Section
mm2 mm4 mm3 mm3 mm3
1 Outer Permanent / long term Loads 114813 7.54E+10 9.18E+07 1.38E+08 5.96E+07
2 Girder Transient / short term Loads 162147 9.14E+10 1.47E+08 2.63E+08 6.24E+07
3 Inner Permanent / long term Loads 114813 7.54E+10 9.18E+07 1.38E+08 5.96E+07
4 Girder Transient / short term Loads 162147 9.14E+10 1.47E+08 2.63E+08 6.24E+07
Bending Moments in Girders for Rare Combinations
BM in kNm at Midspan
Sl. No. Loading Girder G2
Girder G1 to G3
Girder G4
1 Dead Load (girder + slab) 3,856 3,883 3,856
2 SIDL 1,616 945 1,616
3 Surfacing 893 949 893
4 Differential Shrinkage 1,536 1,536 1,536
5 Thermal Loads 760 760 760
6 Vehicular Live Load 2,326 3,433 2,326
7 Footpath Live Load 775 416 775
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
Stresses in Composite Section for Rare Combination
Load Combination is as per IRC6, Table B.3 Page 95
Girder G1 Girder G2 to G3
Sl. No. Loading stops sbots stopg sbotg stops sbots stopg sbotg
MPa MPa MPa MPa MPa MPa MPa MPa
1 Dead Load (girder+slab+Diap.) 2.80 1.86 27.96 64.65 2.82 1.88 28.15 65.10
2 SIDL 1.17 0.78 11.72 27.10 0.69 0.46 6.85 15.85
3 Surfacing 0.65 0.43 6.47 14.97 0.69 0.46 6.88 15.91
4 Differential Shrinkage 0.00 0.00 30.69 6.20 0.00 0.00 30.69 6.20
5 Thermal Loads 1.99 1.42 10.69 24.99 1.99 1.42 10.69 24.99
6 Vehicular Live Load 2.11 1.18 8.83 37.26 3.12 1.74 13.03 54.99
7 Footpath Live Load 0.70 0.39 2.94 12.41 0.38 0.21 1.58 6.67
Comb 1 Live load as leading load 8.63 5.50 95.03 177.58 8.88 5.60 93.61 179.72
Comb 2 Thermal load as leading load 8.73 5.68 96.36 175.15 8.81 5.68 94.23 174.30
Note: Comb 1 live load is considered as leading load, the factor for thermal load is 0.6
Comb 2: Thermal is considered as leading load, the factor for live load is 0.75
stops Stress at slab top
sbots Stress at slab bottom
stopg Stress at girder top
sbotg Stress at girder bottom
Girder G4
Sl. No. Loading stops sbots stopg sbotg
MPa MPa MPa MPa
1 Dead Load (girder+slab+Diap.) 2.80 1.86 27.96 64.65
2 SIDL 1.17 0.78 11.72 27.10
3 Surfacing 0.65 0.43 6.47 14.97
4 Differential Shrinkage 0.00 0.00 30.69 6.20
5 Thermal Loads 1.99 1.42 10.69 24.99
6 Vehicular Live Load 2.11 1.18 8.83 37.26
7 Footpath Live Load 0.70 0.39 2.94 12.41
Comb 1 Live load as leading load 8.63 5.50 95.03 177.58
Comb 2 Thermal load as leading load 8.73 5.68 96.36 175.15
Permissible bending stress in concrete = 13.33 MPa
Permissible elastic stress in structural steel 0.87xfytk = 287 MPa
Maximum bending stress in concrete = 8.88 MPa OK
Maximum elastic stress in structural steel = 180 MPa OK
5.4.4 Check for Deflection
The deflection in the member at the critical section i.e. midspan is checked for frequent combination as per IRC:6. The final
deflection in the member is calculated separately for each loading stage of load history with relevant section properties and then
added together.
Deflection of girder calculated based on below relationship
5 2

= 48
Partial Girder G1 Girder
Impact Girder G4
Sr. No. Description Safety G2 to G3
factor
factor
Deflection (mm)
1 Self Weight (Steel) 1.00 - 19 19 19
2 Self Weight of Slab + Diaphragm 1.00 51 51 51
3 SIDL without surfacing + Foot path DL 1.00 - 12 7 12
4 Surfacing (Wearing Coat) 1.00 - 7 7 7
5 Live Load Governing with Impact 0.75 118% 16 23 16
6 Footpath Live load 0.75 - 7 4 7
Frequent Load Combination 109 108 109
 Date
Project Project Title
24-02-2019
DETAILED DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDER FOR ROB 1 & ROB 2 Document No
Title
(ROB-1 CH:23+583 & ROB-2 CH:32+421) DN-102
As per clause 7.2, Annex B of IRC 6, deflection check shall be carried out using partial safety factors given in
Column 3, of Table B.3 (Verification of Serviceability limit state)

Frequent load combination : DL(Steel+Slab) + SIDL + SIDL (WC) + 0.75x(Max Live Load)

Permissible total deflection = Span / 600 IRC 22-2008 clause 604.3.2-Page 25

= 36.00×1000/600
= 60.0 mm

Permissible deflection due to live load alone = Span / 800 IRC 22-2008 clause 604.3.2-Page 25
= 36.00×1000/800
= 45.0 mm

Max deflection in girder due to LL alone = 23.05 mm OK

Max total deflection in girder = 108.89 mm Provide Camber
Total DL deflection = 85.84 mm
Hence Provide Camber of 75 mm at Splice Locations
Residual Deflection = 33.89 mm OK

5.4.5 Check for Fatigue Limit IRC 22:2008 Clause605 Pg. 26

The actual normal and shear stress range "f " and "τ " at any point of the structure subjected to N sc cycles in life shall
satisfy the following:
Actual flexural stress f <= f fd = μ r f f / γ mft IRC 22:2008 Clause 605.4 Pg. 37
Actual Shear Stress τ <= τ fd = μ r τ f / γ mft

ff = f fn (5 x 10 6 / N sc ) 1/3 when, Nsc <= 5 x 106

= f fn (5 x 10 6 / N sc ) 1/5 when, 5 x 106 <= Nsc <= 1 x 108
τf = τ fn (5 x 10 6 / N sc ) 1/5

where,
f, τ = Actual normal / shear fatigue stress range
μr = capacity reduction factor for fillet or butt joint (IRC 22-2008, Clause 605.2)
= (25 / tp)0.25 <= 1 (for plate thickness tp > 25 mm) ,
γ mft = partial safety factor against fatigue failure, (IRC 22-2008,Table 5)
ff , τf = Permissible normal / shear fatigue stress ranges for the actual life cycle(N sc),
tp = actual thickness in mm of the thicker plate being joined.
f fn , τ fn = normal and shear fatigue strength of the detail for 2 x 10 6 cycles, from the detail category as per
IRC 22-2008 Table 6.1 through Table 6.1

Check,
Thickness of Thicker plate tp = 36 mm
μr = 0.91 (tp > 25 mm)
Actual Number of stress cycles, Nsc = 2.00E+06
Detail category τ fn , f fn = 92
.`. τ f = 111 MPa
.`. f f = 111 MPa
γ mft = 1.25 (Non-Fail-Safe) (Table 5, IRC 22-2008)
Flexural fatigue strength, f fd = 80 MPa
Shear fatigue strength, τ fd = 80 MPa

Design Force Section Properties Actual Stress Permissible Stress

Check
Sr. No. Girder BM SF Zbot Av f τ f fd τ fd

kN-m kN mm3 mm2 MPa MPa MPa MPa

1 Girder G1 817 67 6.24E+07 28,000 13.08 2.40 80 80 OK
2 Girder G2 to G3 1513 207 6.24E+07 28,000 24.23 7.38 80 80 OK
3 Girder G4 2384 273 6.24E+07 28,000 38.19 9.74 80 80 OK