To18ke00-Operational Principle PDF

INTRODUCTION
ADDITIONAL REFERENCES
Please refer to the materials listed below in addition The Engine Manual
to this manual. Parts Catalog of the Engine
Hitachi Training Material
The Operators Manual
The Parts Catalog
MANUAL COMPOSITION
This manual consists of three portions: the Techni- Information included in the Technical Manual
cal Manual (Operational Principle), the Technical (Troubleshooting):
Manual (Troubleshooting) and the Workshop Man- technical information needed for operational per-
ual. formance tests, and troubleshooting procedures.
Information included in the Technical Manual Information included in the Workshop Manual:
(Operational Principle): technical information needed for maintenance
technical information needed for redelivery and and repair of the machine, tools and devices
delivery, operation and activation of all devices needed for maintenance and repair, maintenance
and systems. standards, and removal/installation and assem-
ble/disassemble procedures.
PAGE NUMBER
Each page has a number, located on the center

lower part of the page, and each number contains
the following information:
Example : T 1-3-5
Consecutive Page Number for Each Group

Group Number
Section Number
T: Technical Manual W: Workshop Manual
IN-01
INTRODUCTION
SAFETY ALERT SYMBOL AND HEADLINE
NOTATIONS
In this manual, the following safety alert symbol and CAUTION:

signal words are used to alert the reader to the Indicated potentially hazardous situation which
potential for personal injury of machine damage. could, if not avoided, result in personal injury or
death.
This is the safety alert symbol. When you see this
symbol, be alert to the potential for personal injury. IMPORTANT:
Never fail to follow the safety instructions prescribed Indicates a situation which, if not conformed to the
along with the safety alert symbol. instructions, could result in damage to the machine.
The safety alert symbol is also used to draw attention
to component/part weights.
NOTE:
To avoid injury and damage, be sure to use appropri-
Indicates supplementary technical information or
ate lifting techniques and equipment when lifting
know-how.
heavy parts.
UNITS USED
SI Units (International System of Units) are used in Example : 24.5 MPa (250 kgf/cm2, 3560 psi)
this manual.
MKSA system units and English units are also A table for conversion from SI units to other system
indicated in parenthheses just behind SI units. units is shown below for reference purposees.
To Convert To Convert
Quantity Into Multiply By Quantity Into Multiply By
From From
2
Length mm in 0.03937 Pressure MPa kgf/cm 10.197
mm ft 0.003281 MPa psi 145.0
Volume L US gal 0.2642 Power kW PS 1.360
L US qt 1.057 kW HP 1.341
3 3
m yd 1.308 Temperature C F C 1.8+32
Weight kg lb 2.205 Velocity km/h mph 0.6214
-1
Force N kgf 0.10197 min rpm 1.0
N lbf 0.2248 Flow rate L/min US gpm 0.2642
Torque Nm kgf m 1.0197 mL/rev cc/rev 1.0
Nm lbf ft 0.7375
IN-02
SECTION 1 GENERAL
SECTION AND GROUP
CONTENTS Group 1 Specifications
Group 2 Component Layout
Group 3 Component Specifications
SECTION 2 SYSTEM
Group 1 Controller
Group 2 Control System
TECHNICAL MANUAL
Group 3 ELU System
(Operation Principle) Group 4 Hydraulic System
Group 5 Electrical System
SECTION 3 COMPONENT OPERATION
Group 1 Pump Device
Group 2 Swing Device
Group 3 Control Valve
Group 4 Control Equipment
Group 5 DQR Valve
Group 6 Travel Device
Group 7 Others (Upperstructure)
Group 8 Others (Undercarriage)
TECHNICAL MANUAL (Troubleshooting)
SECTION 4 OPERATIONAL PER- SECTION 5 TROUBLESHOOTING
FORMANCE TEST Group 1 General
Group 1 Introduction Group 2 Cross Reference Table
Group 2 Standard Group 3 Component Layout
Group 3 Engine Test Group 4 Troubleshooting A
Group 4 Excavator Test Group 5 Troubleshooting B
Group 5 Component Test Group 6 Troubleshooting C
Group 7 Electrical System Inspection
WORKSHOP MANUAL
SECTION 1 GENERAL SECTION 3 UNDERCARRIAGE
Group 1 Precautions for Disassem- Group 1 Swing Bearing
bling and Assembling Group 2 Travel Device
Group 2 Tightening Group 3 Travel Brake Valve
Group 3 Painting Group 4 Drive Tumbler
Group 4 Bleed Air from Hydraulic Group 5 Center Joint
Oil Tank Group 6 Adjuster Cylinder
SECTION 2 UPPERSTRUCTURE Group 7 Front Idler
Group 1 Cab Group 8 Upper and Lower Roller
Group 2 Counterweight Group 9 Track
Group 3 Pump Device Group 10 Accumulator
Group 4 Control Valve Group 11 Welding Repair Procedure
Group 5 Swing Device SECTION 4 FRONT ATTACHMENT
Group 6 DQR Valve Group 1 Front Attachment
Group 7 Shuttle Valve Group 2 Cylinder
Group 8 EHC Valve Group 3 Bushing and Point
Group 9 Oil Cooler Fan Motor
Group 10 Compressor Drive Motor
Group 11 Air Conditioner
SECTION 1
GENERAL
CONTENTS
Group 1 Specifications Group 3 Component Specifications
Specifications ........................................... T1-1-1 Engine ...................................................... T1-3-1
Working Range (Loading Shovel) ............. T1-1-2 Engine Accessories .................................. T1-3-4
Working Range (Backhoe)........................ T1-1-3 Hydraulic Equipment................................. T1-3-5
Electrical Parts.......................................... T1-3-9
Group 2 Component Layout Filter ....................................................... T1-3-11
Main Components (Overview) .................. T1-2-1 Others ..................................................... T1-3-11
Around Pump............................................ T1-2-3
Pilot Panel (Operation Circuit) .................. T1-2-4
Pilot Panel (Back of Control Valve) ........... T1-2-5
Undercarriage........................................... T1-2-6
Fast-Filling Panel...................................... T1-2-7
Electrical System (Overview).................... T1-2-8
Engine .................................................... T1-2-20
Around Radiator ..................................... T1-2-21
Water Tank ............................................. T1-2-22
Air Cleaner ............................................. T1-2-22
Oil Cooler ............................................... T1-2-23
Around Pump.......................................... T1-2-24
Swing Device.......................................... T1-2-25
Control Valve .......................................... T1-2-26
Travel Device.......................................... T1-2-29
Center Joint ............................................ T1-2-29
EHC Valve (Main Pump Control) ............ T1-2-30
EHC Valve (Electrical Lever Control) ...... T1-2-31
Sliding Fold-In Ladder ............................ T1-2-32
Auto-Lubrication Device ......................... T1-2-33
18KT-1-1
(Blank)
18KT-1-2
GENERAL / Specifications
SPECIFICATIONS
A
F C
J I
H M18K-12-001
Model EX1900-6 Hydraulic Excavator

Type of Front-End Attachment Loader Front Backhoe Front
Bucket Capacity (Heaped) PCSA 11.0 m3(14.4 yd3) PCSA 12.0 m3(15.7 yd3),
Operating Weight 191000 kg (421100 lb) 192000 kg (423300 lb)
Cummins Engine QSK38-C
Engine
810 kW/1800 min-1 (1100 PS/1800 rpm)
A: Overall Width 6660 mm (21 ft 10 in)
B: Overall Height *6990 mm (25 ft 3 in)
C: Rear End Swing Radius 6035 mm (19 ft 10 in)
D: Minimum Ground Clearance *795 mm (2 ft 7 in)
E: Counterweight Clearance *1920 mm (6 ft 4 in)
F: Overall Width of Upperstructure 6430 mm (21 ft 1 in)
G: Undercarriage Length 7480 mm (24 ft 7 in)
H: Undercarriage Width 5620 mm (18 ft 5 in)
I: Sprocket Center to Idler Center 5780 mm (19 ft 0 in)
J: Track Shoe Width 800 mm (2 ft 8 in) (Grouser shoe)
Ground Pressure 183 kPa (1.87 kgf/cm2, 26.6 psi) 184 kPa (1.88 kgf/cm2, 26.7 psi)
1
Swing Speed 4.8 min (rpm)
Travel Speed (Fast/Slow) 2.8/2.1 km/h (1.7/1.3 mph)
Gradeability 31° (tan = 0.60)
NOTE: * The dimensions do not include the height of the shoe lug.
T1-1-1
WORKING RANGE
Loading Shovel
E
F
G A
C B
D
M18K-12-002
Category
Loading Shovel
Item
A: Minimum Digging Distance 5550 mm (17 ft 6 in)
B: Minimum Level Crowding
7650 mm (25 ft 1 in)
Distance
C: Level Crowding Distance 4820 mm (15 ft 10 in)
D: Maximum Digging Reach 13430 mm (44 ft 1 in)
E: Maximum Cutting Height 14610 mm (47 ft 11 in)
F: Maximum Dumping Height 10440 mm (34 ft 3 in)
G: Maximum Digging Depth 5920 mm (19 ft 5 in)
NOTE: *The dimensions do not include the height of the shoe lug.
T1-1-2
WORKING RANGE
Backhoe
B
A
M18K-12-003
Category
Backhoe
Item
A: Maximum Digging Reach 15250 mm (50 ft 0 in)
B: Maximum Digging Reach (on ground) 14770 mm (48 ft 6 in)
C: Maximum Digging Depth 8180 mm (26 ft 10 in)
D: Maximum Cutting Height 14140 mm (46 ft 5 in)
E: Maximum Dumping Height 9060 mm (29 ft 9 in)
NOTE: *The dimensions do not include the height of the shoe lug.
T1-1-3
(Blank)
T1-1-4
GENERAL / Component Layout
MAIN COMPONENTS (OVERVIEW)
Loading Shovel
7 8
6
5
9
4
10
3 11
12
13 14
15
16
17
18
1 19
2
20
37
36
21
35 22
23
34
24
33 25
32 26
31
30 27
29
28 T18K-01-02-001
1- Bucket Cylinder 11 - Center Joint 21 - Counterweight 31 - Lower Roller

2- Dump Cylinder 12 - Fuel Tank 22 - Pilot Filter 32 - Upper Roller
3- Bucket 13 - Hydraulic Oil Tank 23 - Control Valve 33 - Accumulator (Adjuster
Cylinder)
4- Arm 14 - Bypass Filter 24 - Engine 34 - Adjuster Cylinder
5- Arm Cylinder 15 - High Pressure Strainer 25 - Accumulator (Pilot Circuit) 35 - Compressor Motor
6- Level Cylinder 16 - Pump Transmission Cooler 26 - Engine Radiator 36 - Front Idler
7- Boom 17 - Oil Cooler Fan Motor 27 - LTA Radiator 37 - Window Washer Tank
8- Boom Cylinder 18 - Fuel Cooler 28 - Travel Device
9- Swing Device 19 - Oil Cooler 29 - Travel Brake Valve
10 - Auto-Lubrication Device 20 - Pump Device 30 - Swing Bearing
T1-2-1
Backhoe
4
5
3
2 6
M18L-01-005
1- Bucket 3- Bucket Cylinder 5- Boom Cylinder 6- Boom

2- Arm 4- Arm Cylinder
T1-2-2
AROUND PUMP
3 4 5
1 7
8
T18K-01-02-003
1- Pilot Relief Valve 3- EHC Valve (Main Pump 5- Main Pump 3 7- Main Pump 5
Control) (Transmission Side) (Transmission Side)
Main Pump 4 (Pump End Main Pump 6 (Pump End
Side) Side)
2- Pilot Filter 4- Main Pump 1 6 - Pump Transmission 8 - 4-Unit Pump
(Transmission Side)
Main Pump 2 (Pump End
Side)
T1-2-3
PILOT PANEL (OPERATION CIRCUIT)
Machine Front
2
B
1
3
T18K-01-02-004
View A
4 5 View B
6 7 8 9
10
T18K-03-05-001
1- Accumulator (Pilot Circuit) 4- EHC Valve (Electrical 7- EHC Valve (Electrical 9- Pressure Reducing Valve
(2 Used) Lever) (Left Side of Main Lever) (Center Side of Main (Travel Speed Change)
Frame) Frame)
2- Compressor Pump 5 - DQR Valve 2 (Left Side of 8 - Travel Mode Selector 10 - Pilot Shut-Off Solenoid
Relief Valve Main Frame) Solenoid Valve Valve
3 - Check Valve (Pilot Circuit) 6 - DQR Valve 1 (Center Side
of Main Frame)
T1-2-4
PILOT PANEL (BACK OF CONTROL VALVE)
T18K-01-02-002
2 1
1- Shuttle Valve (Travel) 2- Pressure Sensor (Travel)
T1-2-5
UNDERCARRIAGE
Machine
Front
1
7 8 2
4 3 T18C-01-02-013
1- Adjuster Cylinder 3- Relief Valve 5- Center Joint 7- Accumulator (Adjuster

Cylinder)
2- Pressure Reducing Valve 4- Pilot Pressure Selector 6- Relief Valve 8 - Manifold
Valve
T1-2-6
FAST-FILLING PANEL
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
17 16 15 14 13 12 M18K-01-007
1- Engine Oil In (Reserve 6- Engine Oil Coolant 10 - Pump Transmission Oil 14 - Fuel
Tank) (Optional) Reservoir Filling System
Operation Switch (Optional)
2- Engine Oil Out (Reserve 7 - Fuel Filling System 11 - Grease 15 - Engine Oil (Engine Oil
Tank) (Optional) Operation Switch Pan)
3 - Engine Oil Coolant 8 - Fuel Full Indicator 12 - Gear Oil (Rear Side Swing 16 - Coolant (Radiator Engine
Reservoir Full Indicator Device) Side)
(Optional)
4 - Engine Oil Coolant 9- Hydraulic Oil 13 - Gear Oil (Front Side Swing 17 - Coolant (Radiator Outside)
Reservoir Shut-Off Valve Device)
Open Lamp (Optional)
5 - Engine Oil Coolant
Reservoir Filling System
Power Switch (Optional)
T1-2-7
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (OVERVIEW)
1
2
3 6
7
4 8
36 9
10
5 11
12
13
14
15
35
34
33
16
17
32 18
31 19
30 20
29
28 21
27
22
26
25 23
24 T18K-01-02-028
1 - Work Light (on the Cab) 10 - Hydraulic Oil Temperature 19 - Engine Stop Switch 28 - Contamination Sensor
Sensor (Hydraulic Oil (Engine Space Rear Side) (Travel Motor)
Temperature Gauge, Oil
Cooler Fan Motor Control)
2- Horn 11 - Valve Limit Switch (Suction 20 - Travel Alarm 29 - Contamination Sensor
Circuit) (Swing Motor Front Side)
3- Entrance Light 12 - Engine Stop Switch 21 - Work Light (Rear Left) 30 - Maintenance Light (Under
(For Pump Space Front Cab Space)
Side)
4- Air Conditioner 13 - Maintenance Light 22 - Engine Stop Switch 31 - Electrical Equipment Box
(Pump Space) (Engine Space Front Side)
5- Work Light (Front Right) 14 - Valve Limit Switch (Delivery 23 - Coolant Level Switch 32 - Work Light (Front Left)
Circuit) (Level Indicator)
6- Battery Space 15 - Work Light (Rear Right) 24 - Fuel Level Switch (Indicator) 33 - Air Horn Compressor
7- Hydraulic Oil Level 16 - Engine Stop Switch 25 - Fuel Level Sensor (Fuel 34 - Condenser with Fan
Switch 1 (Level Indicator) (For Pump Space Rear Side) Gauge) Motor
8 - Hydraulic Oil Level 17 - Pump Transmission Coolant 26 - Ladder Limit Switch 35 - Receiver-Dryer
Switch 2 (Alarm Light) Level Switch Condenser Fan Control
Pressure Switch
9- Air Bleeding Solenoid 18 - Maintenance Light 27 - Contamination Sensor 36 - Wiper Motor
Valve (Engine Space) (Swing Motor Rear Side)
T1-2-8
Battery Space
1 2 3 4 A
5 6 7 8 B
9
14
10
13
11
12
Section A Section B T18K-01-02-029
16
15
17
M18L-07-042
1- Cover Switch 6- Starter Relay 2 10 - Battery Relay (1) 14 - Battery Relay (3)
2- Engine Oil Filling Relay (1) 7- Starter Relay 1 (Upper) 11 - Circuit Breaker (200A) 15 - Auto-Lubrication Mode Switch
3- Engine Oil Filling Relay (2) 8- Starter Relay 1 (Lower) 12 - Battery 16 - Pressure Switch
(Auto-Lubrication)
4- Alternator Relay 9- Battery Relay (2) 13 - Prelub Relay 17 - Pressure Switch
(Manual-Lubrication)
5- Prelub Timer
T1-2-9
Battery Space (Fusibel Link)
Section A A B Section B
3 4
1
5
T18K-01-02-030
Section C
6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15
T18L-01-02-046
1- Fusible Link (250 A) 5- Fusible Link (10 A) 9- Fusible Link (75 A) 13 - Fusible Link (75 A)
(Sliding Fold-In Ladder (Engine Oil Coolant (Fuse Box) (Engine Starter Relay)
Motor) (Optional) Reservoir Valve)
2 - Fusible Link (400 A) 6 - Fusible Link (75 A) 10 - Fusible Link (75 A) 14 - Fusible Link (45 A) (ECM
(Prelub Relay) (Fuse Box) (Fuse Box) Power)
3 - Fusible Link (5 A) 7 - Fusible Link (75 A) 11 - Fusible Link (75 A) 15 - Fusible Link (75 A)
(Prelub Signal) (Fuse Box) (Fuse Box) (Sliding Fold-In Ladder
Relay) (Optional)
4- Fusible Link (30 A) 8- Fusible Link (75 A) 12 - Fusible Link (45 A)
(Zener Diode) (Fuse Box) (Optional)
T1-2-10
Inside Cab
2
1
T18G-01-02-053
T18M-01-02-004
29 3 4 5
28 6
27 7
8
26 9
25 10
24
11
23
22 12
21 13
20
14
T18M-01-02-005
19 18 17 16 15 13
1- Monitor Display 9- Dome Light Switch 16 - Travel Mode Selector 23 - Air Conditioner Operation
Switch Part (Front)
2- Hour Meter 10 - Entrance Light Switch 17 - Maintenance Light Switch 24 - Wiper/Window Washer
Switch
3- Left Control Lever/Horn 11 - Auto-Idle Switch 18 - Work Light Switch 25 - Wiper Interval Switch
Switch
4 - Right Control Lever/Horn 12 - Fast-Filling System Switch 19 - Engine Stop Switch 26 - Monitor Contrast Switch
Switch
5 - Pilot Control Shut-Off 13 - Auxiliary 20 - Radio 27 - Monitor Operation Part
Lever
6 - Emergency Switch 14 - Key Switch 21 - Air Conditioner Operation 28 - Engine Warning Indicator
Part (Rear) (Yellow)
7- Engine Control Dial 15 - Buzzer Stop Switch 22 - Air Conditioner Operation 29 - Engine Stop Indicator
Part (Side) (Red)
8- Engine Start Switch
T1-2-11
1 2 3 4 5
M18M-01-006
8 T18M-01-02-006
1- Electrical Lever (Left) 3 - Electrical Lever (Travel) 5 - Electrical Lever (Right) 7 - IDU
2- Electrical Lever (Bucket 4 - Electrical Lever (Bucket 6 - Monitor Display 8 - ELU
Close) (LD only) Open) (LD only)
NOTE: LD: Loading Shovel
T1-2-12
T18G-01-02-030
1
M18M-01-007
2 3 4 5 6 7
10
T18G-01-02-026
12 11
Power Source Terminal T146-01-03-023
1- Fuse Box (Cab) 4- ORBCOMM (Optional) 7- Data Link Connector (DLU) 10 - Power Terminal
2- DC-DC Converter 5- Data Link Connector 8- Buzzer 11 - DLU
(Unused)
3- Cigar Lighter 6 - Data Link Connector 9- DC-DC Converter 12 - Data Link Connector
(ECM) (MMS)
T1-2-13
Electrical Equipment Box
T18M-01-02-003
10 11 12 13
5
Relay Layout
Refer to
T1-2-16.
4
3
T18M-01-02-007
1- Fuse Box 2 5 - Auto-Lubrication Interval 8- Engine Troubleshooting 11 - CSU
Switch Switch (Contamination Sensing
Unit)
2- Fuse Box 1 6 - Engine Fault Code Display 9- Engine Fault Code Display 12 - Limit Switch
Lamp Selection Switch (Box Light Switch)
3- Fuse Box 4 7 - MC 10 - HMU 13 - Box Light
4- Fuse Box 3
T1-2-14
(Blank)
T1-2-15
Electrical Equipment Box Relay Layout
1 2 3 4 5 6
7
8
9
10
40 11
39 12
13
38
14
37 15
36 16
35 17
18
34
19
33
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
32 31 30 29 28 27 T18M-01-02-007
T1-2-16
1- Wiper Relay 3 for Slow 11 - Work Light Relay (Front on 21 - Washer Motor Relay (21) 31 - ELU PWM Power Relay 1
Speed Control (L5) Cab) (3) (Key ON Signal Monitoring)
(26)
2- Air Conditioner Main Relay 12 - Work Light Relay (Both 22 - Air Conditioner Fan Motor 32 - ELU Gate Lock Solenoid
(Front) (L6) Front of Right Frame) (4) Relay (Front) (22) Valve Relay (25)
3- Air Horn Compressor (L1) 13 - Work Light Relay (Engine 23 - Air Conditioner Fan Motor 33 - Air Horn Compressor
Relay (L1) Frame Rear) (5) Relay (Side) (23) Relay (L2) (17)
4- Air Horn Compressor (L2) 14 - Work Light Relay (Both 24 - Air Conditioner Fan Motor 34 - Air Horn Compressor
Relay (R1) (Optional) Frame Sides) (6) Relay (Rear) (24) Relay (R2) (Optional) (18)
5- Wiper Relay 1 (Slow Speed 15 - Entrance Light Relay (7) 25 - Folding-Ladder 35 - Horn Relay (19)
Control) (L3) Alarm/Blinking Light Realy
2 (32)
6- Wiper Realy 2 (Slow Speed 16 - Maintenance Light Relay 26 - Folding-Ladder 36 - Wiper Realy 4 (Fast Speed
Control) (L4) (Engine Space) (8) Alarm/Blinking Light Realy Control) (20)
1 (31)
7- Air Conditioner Main Relay 17 - Fast-Fiiling System Folding 27 - Engine Oil Coolant 37 - Maintenance Light Relay
(Side) (L7) Position Relay (Folding Resevoir Pump Unit Relay (Pump Space and Radiator
Monitoring) (30) Space) (9)
(13)
8- Air Conditioner Main Relay 18 - Illumination OFF Dilay 28 - Sliding Fold-In Ladder 38 - Maintenance Light Relay
(rear) (L8) Relay Operation Relay (29) (Cab Bed) (10)
(14)
9- Work Light Relay (Left 19 - Travel Mode Selection 29 - ELU PWM Power Relay 3 39 - Maintenance Light Relay
Frame Front Left Side) (1) Relay (Emergency Switch ON (around Control Valve and
(15) Signal Monitoring) (28) Oil Coller Space) (11)
10 - Work Light Relay (Left 20 - Fast-Filling System 30 - ELU PWM Power Relay 2 40 - Alternator Signal Relay (12)
Frame Front Right Side) Operation Relay (Gate Lock Switch ON
(2) (16) Signal Monitoring) (27)
NOTE: The alphabet and number inside parenthesis indicate the relay No. on the electrical circuit.
T1-2-17
Contmination Sensor Amplifier Led Layout
2 4 6
1 3 5
Auxiliary
Auxiliary
7 9
8
T146-05-02-049
T18M-01-02-007
1- Main Pump 1 4 - Main Pump 4 6- Main Pump 6 8- Rear Swing Motor

2- Main Pump 2 5 - Main Pump 5 7- Front Swing Motor 9- Travel Motor
3- Main Pump 3
T1-2-18
Contamination Sensor Layout
4
1 Machine Front
2 Pump Device
T18K-01-02-007
Swing Device
Machine Front
Center Joint
T18K-01-02-009
1- Contamination Sensor 4 - Contamination Sensor 6- Contamination Sensor 8- Contamination Sensor

(Main Pump 1) (Main Pump 4) (Main Pump 6) (Swing Motor Rear)
2 - Contamination Sensor 5 - Contamination Sensor 7 - Contamination Sensor 9 - Contamination Sensor
(Main Pump 2) (Main Pump 5) (Swing Motor Front) (Travel Motor)
3 - Contamination Sensor
(Main Pump 3)
T1-2-19
ENGINE
2 3
1
T18K-01-02-011
5 4
T18K-01-02-012
1- Coolant Filter 3 - Prelub Pressure Switch 5 - Fuel Filter (3 Used) 7 - Alternator (Cummins)
2- Engine Speed Sensor 4 - Oil Filter (3 Used) 6 - Starter (2 Used) (Cummins)
T1-2-20
AROUND RADIATOR
3 4
6 5
T18K-01-02-010
View A
7
T18L-01-02-044
1- After Cooler (LTA Radiator) 3 - LTA Coolant Temperature 5 - LTA Coolant Temperature 7 - Fresh Air Temperature
Sensor (IN) Sensor (OUT) Sensor (Radiator Front)
2- Engine Radiator 4 - Coolant Temperature 6 - Coolant Temperature
Sensor (IN) Sensor (OUT)
T1-2-21
WATER TANK
T18K-01-02-017
AIR CLEANER
3 View A
4
A T18K-01-02-018
T18K-01-02-019
1- Coolant Level Switch 2- Coolant Level Sensor 3- Air Cleaner 4- Air Cleaner Restriction
(Level Indicator) Switch
T1-2-22
OIL COOLER
T18K-01-02-025
2
View A
Machine Front
View B
3
T18K-01-02-024
B B
1- Fresh Air Temperature 2- Hydraulic Oil Temperature 3- Coolant Pressure Sensor

Sensor 1 (Oil Cooler Front) Sensor (Oil Cooler Fan
Motor Rotation Control)
T1-2-23
AROUND PUMP
1 2 A
T18K-01-02-023
View A View B
7
B
T18K-01-02-022
T18K-01-02-021
1- Pump 1 Drain Pressure 3 - Pump 3 Drain Pressure 5- Transmission Oil Filter 7- Transmission Oil
Sensor (Transmission Sensor (Transmission Circulation Pump Bypass
Side) Side) Check Valve
Pump 2 Drain Pressure Pump 4 Drain Pressure
Sensor (Pump End Side) Sensor (Pump End Side)
2 - Pump Transmission Level 4 - Pump 5 Drain Pressure 6- Pump Transmission Oil
Switch Sensor (Transmission Temperature Sensor
Side)
Pump 6 Drain Pressure
Sensor (Pump End Side)
T1-2-24
SWING DEVICE
1 2 3
Machine Front
T18K-01-02-026
5 4
1- Swing Motor 3- Relief Valve 4- Drain Pressure Sensor 1 5- Drain Pressure Sensor 2
(Swing Motor) (Swing Motor)
2- Make-Up Valve
T1-2-25
CONTROL VALVE
Control Valve 3 Right Control Valve 2 Center Control Valve 1 Left
1 2 3 4 16 17 18 29 30 31
Machine
Front
7 6 5 21 20 19 34 33 32 T18C-01-02-006
22
8
35
T18C-01-02-005
11 10 9 25 24 23 37 36 41
T18C-01-02-007
12 13 14 15 26 27 28 38 39 40
T1-2-26
Control Valve 1 (Left)

29 - Overload Relief Valve (Arm Roll-In)
30 - Overload Relief Valve (Boom Raise)
31 - Overload Relief Valve (BH: Bucket
Roll-Out, LD: Bucekt Open)
32 - Make-Up Valve Boom Raise (BH: Bucket
Roll-Out, LD: Bucket Open)
33 - Make-Up Valve (Boom Raise)
34 - Make-Up Valve (Arm Roll-In)
35 - Main Relief Valve
36 - Make-Up Valve (BH: Boom Lower, LD:
Bucket Roll-In)
37 - Make-Up Valve (Arm Roll-Out)
38 - Overload Relief Valve (Arm Roll-Out)
39 - Overload Relief Valve (BH: Boom Lower,
LD: Bucket Roll-In)
40 - Overload Relief Valve (BH: Bucket Roll-In,
LD: Bucket Close)
41 - Overload Relief Valve (LD: Bucket Close)
Control Valve 2 (Center)

17 - Overload Relief Valve (Arm Roll-Out)
18 - Overload Relief Valve (BH: Bucket Roll-In, LD: Bucket Tilt-In)
19 - Make-Up Valve (BH: Bucket Roll-In, LD: Bucket Tilt-In)
20 - Make-Up Valve (Arm Roll-Out)
21 - Make-Up Valve (Boom Raise)
22 - Main Relief Valve
23 - Make-Up Valve (BH: Bucket Roll-Out, LD: Bucket Tilt-Out)
24 - Make-Up Valve (Arm Roll-In)
25 - Make-Up Valve (Boom Lower)
26 - Overload Relief Valve (Boom Lower)
27 - Overload Relief Valve (Arm Roll-In)
28 - Overload Relief Valve (BH: Bucket Roll-Out, LD: Bucket Tilt-Out)
Control Valve 3 (Right

1- Overload Relief Valve (Boom Lower)
2- Make-Up Valve (BH: Bucket Roll-In, LD: Bucket Tilt-In)
3- Overload Relief Valve (Arm Roll-Out)
4- Overload Relief Valve (Swing Right)
5- Make-Up Valve (Arm Roll-Out)
6- Make-Up Valve (BH: Bucket Roll-In, LD: Bucket Tilt-In)
7- Make-Up Valve (Boom Lower)
8- Main Relief Valve
9- Make-Up Valve (BH: Arm Roll-In)
10 - Make-Up Valve (LD: Bucket Roll-Out)
11 - Make-Up Valve (Boom Riase)
13 - Overload Relief Valve (LD: Bucket Roll-Out)
14 - Overload Relief Valve (BH: Arm Roll-In)
15 - Overload Relief Valve (Swing Left)

BH: Backhoe
T1-2-27
1 2
Control Valve
Machine Front
T18K-01-02-027
1- Pressure Sensor (Arm 2- Pressure Sensor (Arm

Cylinder Bottom Side) Cylinder Rod Side)
T1-2-28
TRAVEL DEVICE
Machine Front
Travel Forward Pipe
Travel Reverse Pipe
Travel Speed Selection Pipe
Drain Pipe
T117-03-01-001
Machine Rear
3 3
CENTER JOINT
T18K-01-02-020
1- Brake Valve 2- Travel Motor 3- Travel Reduction Gear 4- Travel Stop Pressure
Detection Sensor
T1-2-29
EHC VALVE (MAIN PUMP CONTROL)
8
7 9
6
10
5
4 11
3 12
2 13
1 14
T18K-03-07-004
1- Pressure Sensor (SC) 5 - Pressure Sensor (SB) 9 - Auxiliary 12 - Pressure Sensor (SE)
2- Oil Cooler Fan Speed 6 - Power Increase Control 10 - Auxiliary 13 - Main Pump Displacement
Control Solenoid Valve Solenoid Valve Angle Control Solenoid
Valve (Main Pump No.5)
3- Pressure Sensor (SA) 7 - Pressure Sensor (SH) 11 - Power Decrease Control 14 - Pressure Sensor (SD)
Solenoid Valve
4- Main Pump Displacement 8 - Main Pump Displacement
Angle Control Solenoid Angle Control Solenoid
Valve (LD: Main Pump Valve (LD: Main Pump
No.3, 4, 6, BH: Main Pump No.1, 2, BH: Main Pump
No.2, 3, 4, 6) No.1)
T1-2-30
EHC VALVE (ELECTRICAL LEVER
CONTROL)
Solenoid Valve
EHC Valve (Left) EHC Valve (Center)
1 2 3 4 9 10 11 12
8 7 6 5 T178-03-04-017 16 15 14 13 T18L-01-02-023
Pressure Sensor
EHC Valve (Left) EHC Valve (Center)
17 18 19 24 25 26
23 22 21 20 T178-03-04-017 30 29 28 27 31 T18L-01-02-023
1- Auxiliary 9- Travel Right Forward Solenoid 17 - Pressure Sensor (SF) 25 - Pressure Sensor (SF)
Valve
2- (BH: Bucket Roll-Out / LD: 10 - Travel Left Reverse Solenoid 18 - Pressure Sensor (SE) 26 - Pressure Sensor (SE)
Bucket Tilt-Out) Solenoid Valve Valve
3 - (BH: Bucket Roll-In / LD: 11 - Travel Left Forward Solenoid 19 - Pressure Sensor (SD) 27 - Pressure Sensor (SC)
Bucket Tilt-In) Solenoid Valve Valve
4 - (BH: Arm Roll-Out / LD: Arm 12 - Auxiliary 20 - Pressure Sensor (SC) 28 - Pressure Sensor (SA)
Extend) Solenoid Valve
5 - (BH: Arm Roll-In / LD: Arm 13 - LD: Bucket Open Solenoid 21 - Pressure Sensor (SA) 29 - Pressure Sensor (SB)
Retract) Solenoid Valve Valve
BH: Auxiliary
6- Boom Raise Solenoid Valve 14 - Travel Right Reverse Solenoid 22 - Pressure Sensor (SB) 30 - Pressure Sensor (SH)
Valve
7- Boom Lower Solenoid Valve 15 - Swing Left Solenoid Valve 23 - Pressure Sensor (SH) 31 - Pressure Sensor (Gate
Lock Pressure)
8- LD: Bucket Close Solenoid 16 - Swing Right Solenoid Valve 24 - Pressure Sensor (SI)
Valve
BH: Auxiliary

BH: Backhoe
T1-2-31
SLIDING FOLD-IN LADDER
T18K-01-02-014
View A
T18K-01-02-015
1- Lock Lever 2- Ladder Limit Switch
T1-2-32
AUTO-LUBRICATION DEVICE
Battery Space Lubricator Tank 4

2
1
M18L-07-015
T146-01-03-026
T18K-03-07-003
T18M-03-07-006
1- Pressure Switch 3 - Auto-Lubrication Selection 5 - Auto-Lubrication Pump 7 - Auto-Lubrication Interval

(Manual-Lubrication) Switch Switch
2 - Pressure Switch 4 - Vent Valve 6 - Auto-Lubrication Solenoid
(Auto-Lubrication) Valve
T1-2-33
(Blank)
T1-2-34
GENERAL / Component Specifications
ENGINE
Manufacturer .......................................................... Cummins Inc.

Model ...................................................................... QSKTA38-CE
Type ........................................................................ Four-Cycle Diesel Engine, Water-Cooled, 60 º V Type,
Direct-Injection, Turbochrged, With Aftercooler
Cylinder Number-Bore x Stroke.............................. 12-159 x 159 mm (6.3 x 6.3 in)
Piston Displacement............................................... 37.8 L
-1
Rated Output .......................................................... 810 kW/1800 min (1101 PS/1800 rpm)
Compression Ratio ................................................. 16.0
Weight..................................................................... 4100 kg (9040 lb) (Wet)
Firing Order............................................................. 1R-6L-5R-2L-3R-4L-6R-1L-2R-5L-4R-3L
Rotational Direction ................................................ Counterclockwise (Viewed from Flywheel End Side)
Dimension: Length x Width x Height ...................... 2178 x 1456 x 1854 mm (86 x 57 x 73 in)
COOLING SYSTEM
Water Pump.......................................................... Centrifugal Swirl Pump
Thermostat ........................................................... Engine Circuit: Opening Temperature 82 C
Fully Open Throttle Temperature 94 C
Aftercooled Circuit: Opening Temperature 46 C
Fully Open Throttle Temperature 57 C
Coolant Capacities ............................................... 110 L (In Engine Circuit)
47.2 L (In Water Tank)
LUBRICATING SYSTEM
Lubrication Pump Type......................................... Gear Type
Filter...................................................................... Filter Paper Type
Engine Oil Capacity .............................................. 166 L (High), 140 L (Low) (In Oil Pan)
150 L (High) (In Reserve Tank) (Optional)
STARTER
Model.................................................................... 50MT-400
Voltage, Output..................................................... DC 24 V 9 kW x 2
STARTING ASSIST EQUIPMENT

Type ...................................................................... Ether
SHUT-DOWN SYSTEM
Method.................................................................. Cummins Electronic Control
T1-3-1
ALTERNATOR
Type ...................................................................... Alternator Generation Type with Rectifier Diode
Voltage, Output..................................................... DC24 V 140 A
SUPERCHARGER
Type ...................................................................... Exhaust Turbo Type
PERFORMANCE (NEW ENGINE)

Fuel Consumption Amount ................................... At the Rated Point 218 g/kWh·h (160 g/PS·h)
Injection Timing..................................................... Variable Type (MCRS Electronic Control)
Maximum Output Torque ...................................... 4869 N m (500 kgf·m, 3620 lbf·ft)/1350 min-1
No Load Maximum Idle Speed ............................. 2000 30 min-1
T1-3-2
Engine Performance Curve (QSKTA38-CE)
Test Conditions
SAE J1995 (Atmospheric Pressure: 100 kPa (1.02 kgf/cm2, 14.5 psi) [Similar Altitude 91 m (100 yd)] Inlet Air
Temperature: 25 C (77 F), Cooling Water Pressure: 1 kPa (0.01 kgf/cm2, 0.15psi), SAE No.2 Diesel Oil, With
Fuel System, Inlet Resistance 4.5 kPa (0.05 kgf/cm2, 0.65 psi), Inlet Pipe Inner Diameter: 148.1 mm(5.8 in),
Outlet Resistance 6.8 kPa (0.07 kgf/cm2, 1 psi), Outlet Pipe Inner Diameter: 197.9 mm (7.8 in), No Alternator, No
Fan)
5000
Torque Torque
3500
(lbf·ft) (N·m)
4500
3000 4000
3500
2500
3000
2000
1000 1500
-1
Engine Speed min (rpm)
Output 1200
Output
(HP) 800 (kW)
1000
800 600
600
400
400
200
200
1000 1500
-1
Engine Speed min (rpm)
Fuel Consumption 0.45 Fuel Consumption

Ratio Ratio (g/kW·h)
(lb/HP·h) 250
0.40
0.35
200
0.30
0.25
1400 1600 1800 T18K-01-03-001
Engine Speed min -1 (rpm)
T1-3-3
ENGINE ACCESSORIES
RADIATOR ASSEMBLY
Type ...................................................................... In-Line Type
Weight .................................................................. 1370 kg (3020 lb)
LTA Radiator Radiator

Core Dimension (Height x Width x Thickness)..... (800 x 2) x 1701 x 120 mm (800 x 2) x 1701 x 120 mm
((31.5 in x 2) x 67.0 x 4.7 in) ((31.5 in x 2) x 67.0 x 4.7 in)
No. of Core Lines ................................................. 6 Lines 6 Lines
Fin Pitch................................................................ 3.0 mm (0.12 in) 3.0 mm (0.12 in)
Fin Shape ............................................................. Plate Plate
Capacity................................................................ 100 L (26.4 US gal) 102 L (26.9 US gal)
Heat Dissipation Area........................................... 228.2 m2 (273 yd2) 228.2 m2 (273 yd2)
BATTERY
Model.................................................................... 195G51
Capacity................................................................ 170 Ah (20-Hour Rating)
Voltage.................................................................. 12 V
Discharge Current ................................................ 500 A
Duration ................................................................ 4.8 Minutes
30-Second Voltage ............................................... 9.4 V
Length x Width x Height ....................................... 257 x 222 x 508 mm (10.1 x 8.7 x 20.0 in)
Weight .................................................................. 49.0 kg (110 lb)
T1-3-4
HYDRAULIC EQUIPMENT
PUMP DEVICE
Gear Speed Ratio................................................. Engine: Main Pump=1: 1.051
Engine: 4-Unit Pump=1: 1.088
MAIN PUMP
Type ...................................................................... Swash Plate Type Variable Displacement
Tandem Plunger Pump
Model.................................................................... K3V180DTH19XL
Theoretical Displacement..................................... 180 cm3/rev (11 in3/rev) x 2
Rated Maximum Oil Flow Rate (Theoretical) ....... 335 L/min (88 US gpm) x 2
Weight .................................................................. 192 kg (430 lb)
4-UNIT PUMP
Model.................................................................... K3V112S (Fan Motor Pump)
KFP4156
(Pilot Pump/Compressor Pump/
Transmission Oil Circulation Pump)
Weight .................................................................. 95.4 kg (210 lb)
OIL COOLER FAN MOTOR DRIVE PUMP
Type ...................................................................... Swash Plate Type Variable Displacement Plunger Pump
3 3
Theoretical Displacement..................................... 112 cm /rev (6.8 in /rev)
Rated Maximum Oil Flow Rate (Theoretical) ....... 179 L/min (47 US gpm)
PILOT PUMP/COMPRESSOR PUMP
Type ...................................................................... Tandem Gear Pump
3 3
Theoretical Displacement (Transmission Side).... 56 cm /rev (3.4 in /rev)
3 3
(End Side)................... 45 cm /rev (2.7 in /rev)
Rated Maximum Oil Flow Rate (Theoretical)
(Transmission Side) ... 110 L/min (29 US gpm)
(End Side)................... 88 L/min (23 US gpm)
TRANSMISSION OIL CIRCULATION PUMP
Type ...................................................................... Gear Pump
3 3
Theoretical Displacement..................................... 13 cm /rev (0.8 in /rev)
Rated Maximum Oil Flow Rate (Theoretical) ....... 25 L/min (6.6 US gpm)
CONTROL VALVE
Type ...................................................................... Pilot Control Multi-Block
Model.................................................................... KVS-600
2
Main Relief Set Pressure...................................... 29.4 MPa (300 kgf/cm , 4270 psi)
2
Overload Relief Set Pressure............................... 31.4 MPa (320 kgf/cm , 4560 psi)
2
15.7 MPa (160 kgf/cm , 2280 psi) (Bucket Open/Close)
Weight .................................................................. 256 kg (570 lb)
T1-3-5
SLEWING DEVICE
Type ...................................................................... 2-Stage Planetary Gear Reduction
Reduction Ratio .................................................... 105: 1
Weight .................................................................. 1190 kg (2630 lb)
SLEWING MOTOR
Type ...................................................................... Swash Plate Type Constant Displacement
Axial Plunger Motor
Model.................................................................... MX750B0-10A
Theoretical Displacement..................................... 737 cm3/rev (45 in3/rev)
Relief Set Pressure .............................................. 29.4 MPa (300 kgf/cm2, 4270 psi)
Parking Brake Release Pressure ......................... 2.6 MPa (27 kgf/cm2, 380 psi) or less
Weight .................................................................. 226 kg (500 lb)
TRAVEL DEVICE
Type ...................................................................... 2-Stage Planetary Gear Reduction
Reduction Ratio .................................................... 106.1: 1
Weight .................................................................. 3070 kg (6770 lb)
TRAVEL MOTOR
Type ...................................................................... Swash Plate Type Variable Displacement Axial Plunger Motor
Model.................................................................... MB750
Theoretical Displacement (Low Speed) ............... 737 cm3/rev (45 in3/rev)
(High Speed) ........................................................ 554 cm3/rev (34 in3/rev)
Parking Break Release Pressure ......................... 2.2 to 2.6 MPa (22 to 27 kgf/cm2, 320 to 380 psi)
Weight .................................................................. 259 kg (570 lb)
TRAVEL BRAKE VALVE

Model.................................................................... VBR-12
Relief Set Pressure .............................................. 29.4 MPa (300 kgf/cm2, 4270 psi)
OIL COOLER FAN MOTOR

Manufacturer ........................................................ Bosch Rexroth Corporation
Model.................................................................... A2F180/6.1
Theoretical Displacement..................................... 180 cm3/rev (11 in3/rev)
Weight .................................................................. 58 kg (130 lb)
COMPRESSOR MOTOR
Model.................................................................... MSF-46
Theoretical Displacement..................................... 46.1 cm3/rev (2.8 in3/rev)
Weight .................................................................. 16.7 kg (37 lb)
T1-3-6
BOOM CYLINDER (Loading Shovel) (Backhoe)
Rod Outside Diameter.......................................... 200 mm (7.9") 200 mm (7.9")
Tube Inside Diameter ........................................... 280 mm (11") 280 mm (11")
Stroke ................................................................... 2640 mm (8'8") 2640 mm (8'8")
Fully Retracted Length ......................................... 3870 mm (12'8") 3870 mm (12'8")
Plating Thickness ................................................. 25 µm or more 25 µm or more
Weight .................................................................. 2270 kg (5000 lb) 2270 kg (5000 lb)
ARM CYLINDER (Loading Shovel) (Backhoe)

Tube Inside Diameter ........................................... 240 mm (9.4") 250 mm (9.8")
Stroke ................................................................... 2205 mm (7'3") 2040 mm (6'8")
Plating Thickness ................................................. 25 µm or more 25 µm or more
Weight .................................................................. 1660 kg (3660 lb) 1550 kg (3420 lb)
LEVEL CYLINDER
Rod Outside Diameter .......................................... 200 mm (7.9")
Tube Inside Diameter ........................................... 280 mm (11")
Stroke ................................................................... 885 mm (2'1")
Fully Retracted Length ......................................... 2160 mm (7'1")
Plating Thickness ................................................. 25 µm or more
Weight .................................................................. 1365 kg (3010 lb)
BUCKET CYLINDER (Loading Shovel) (Backhoe)

Tube Inside Diameter ........................................... 225 mm (8.9") 200 mm (7.9")
Stroke ................................................................... 1730 mm (5'8") 2035 mm (6'8")
Plating Thickness ................................................. 25 µm or more 25 µm or m8ore
Weight .................................................................. 1370 kg (3020 lb) 890 kg (1970 lb)
DUMP CYLINDER
Rod Outside Diameter .......................................... 110 mm (4.3")
Tube Inside Diameter ........................................... 190 mm (7.5")
Stroke ................................................................... 510 mm (1'8")
Fully Retracted Length ......................................... 1255 mm (4'1")
Plating Thickness ................................................. 25 µm or more
Weight .................................................................. 300 kg (660 lb)
T1-3-7
EHC VALVE
Main Pump Control (Pump Space)
Application ...............................................SA: Flow Rate Cut Control SB: Power Increase Control
SC: Oil Cooler Fan Control SD: Flow Rate Cut Control
SE: Power-Reduction Control SF: Auxiliary
SH: Flow Rate Cut Control SI: Auxiliary
Electric Lever Control (Main Frame Center Side)
Application ...............................................SA: Right Travel Reverse Control SB: Slewing Left Control
SC: Bucket Open Control (LD) SD: Auxiliary
SE: Left Travel Forward Control SF: Left Travel Reverse Control
SH: Slewing Right Control SI: Right Travel Forward Control
Electric Lever Control (Main Frame Left Side)
Application ...............................................SA: Boom Raise Control SB: Boom Lower Control
SC: Arm Roll-In Control SD: Arm Roll-Out Control
SE: Bucket Roll-In Control SF: Bucket Roll-Out Control
SH: Bucket Close Control (LD) SI: Auxiliary
TRAVEL MODE SELECTION SOLENOID VALVE

Maximum Flow Rate............................................. 60 L/min (16 US gpm)
PILOT SHUT-OFF SOLENOID VALVE

Maximum Flow Rate............................................. 60 L/min (16 US gpm)
PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE (FOR TRAVEL SPEED SELECTION)

Secondary Pilot Pressure Set Pressure............... 2.75 0.15 MPa (28 1.5 kgf/cm2, 400 22 psi)
PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE (FOR ADJUSTER)

Secondary Pilot Pressure Set Pressure............... 10.1 0.5 MPa (103 5 kgf/cm2, 1470 73 psi)
PILOT PRESSURE SELECTION VALVE (FOR STOPPING TRAVEL)

Selection Pressure: Start of Opening Spool ......... 11.8 0.5 MPa (120 10 kgf/cm2, 1720 73 psi)
DQR VALVE
Maximum Pressure .............................................. 4 MPa (40 kgf/cm2, 580 psi)
T1-3-8
ELECTRICAL PARTS
COOLANT LEVEL SWITCH (FOR LEVEL INDICATOR, FOR WARNING)

Type ...................................................................... Capacitance Type
AIR FILTER RESTRICTION SWITCH

Operating Pressure .............................................. 6.2 0.6 kPa (635 58 mm H2O)
FUEL LEVEL SENSOR (FOR WARNING)

Type ...................................................................... Float Type
FUEL LEVEL SWITCH (FOR FAST-FILLING DEVICE FUEL FULL ALARM, FOR ENGINE OIL COOLANT
RESERVOIR LEVEL CHECK)
PUMP TRANSMISSION OIL LEVEL SWITCH (FOR ALARM)
Type ...................................................................... Capacitance Type
HYDRAULIC OIL LEVEL SWITCH (FOR WARNING INDICATOR)

Type ...................................................................... Float Switch
FRESH AIR TEMPERATURE SENSOR (FOR CAB OUTSIDE, RADIATOR FRONT SIDE, OIL COOLER
FRONT SIDE)
COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR (RADIATOR INLET, RADIATOR OUTLET)
HYDRAULIC OIL TEMPERATURE SENSOR (FOR HYDRAULIC OIL TANK, OIL COOLER OUTLET, PUMP
TRANSMISSION OIL)
Operating Temperature ........................................ -30 to 120 C (-22 to 248 °F)
MAIN PRESSURE SENSOR (FOR ARM CYLINDER BOTTOM SIDE, ARM CYLINDER ROD SIDE)
2
Operating Pressure .............................................. 0 to 34.3 MPa (0 to 350 kgf/cm , 0 to 4990 psi)
DRAIN PRESSURE SENSOR (FOR OIL COOLER INLET, SWING MOTOR, MAIN PUMP P1 TO 6)
2
PILOT PRESSURE SENSOR (FOR EHC VALVE, TRAVEL ALARM, CUSHION CYLINDER END TRAVEL
REGULATION)
2
Voltage and Pressure:
2
Control Lever in Neutral Position:.............. 1.3 V or less/Pilot Pressure: 0.98 MPa (10 kgf/cm , 140 psi)
or less
2
Control Lever in Operaton Position: .......... 3.7 V or more/Pilot Pressure: 3.92 MPa (40 kgf/cm , 570 psi)
or more
PILOT PRESSURE SENSOR (FOR EHC VALVE INPUT PRESSURE DETECTION)

2
T1-3-9
PRESSURE SWITCH (GREASE) (MANUAL LUBRICATION CIRCUIT)
Set Pressure......................................................... 23.5 MPa (240 kgf/cm2, 3420 psi)
PRESSURE SWITCH (GREASE) (AUTOMATIC LUBRICATION CIRCUIT)

Set Pressure......................................................... 17.6 MPa (180 kgf/cm2, 2560 psi)
CONTROL LEVER (FRONT ATTACHMENT/SWING)

Model.................................................................... S90JAM-YQ
Mechanical Operation Angle ................................ XY Axis 15 to 20
Control Capacity ................................................... XY Axis About 2 to 8 N (0.2 to 0.8 kgf, 0.5 to 1.8 lbf)
Total Resistance ................................................... 2 k 15 %
TRAVEL LEVER (TRAVEL)

Model.................................................................... ERUP2-1
Mechanical Operation Angle ................................ 12.4
Neutral Detection Angle........................................ 3
Control Force ...................................................... 21 to 29 N (2.1 to 3.0 kgf, 4.7 to 6.5 lbf)
Output Voltage...................................................... 1.0 to 4.0 V
CONTROL LEVER (BUCKET OPEN/CLOSE)

Model.................................................................... ERU2-1
Mechanical Operation Angle ................................ 12.4
Neutral Detection Angle........................................ 3
Control Force........................................................ 40 to 63 N (4.1 to 6.4 kgf, 9 to 14 lbf)
Output Voltage...................................................... 1.0 to 4.0 V
ACCELERATOR SENSOR
Total Resistance ................................................... 5 k 20 %
Output................................................................... 0.4 0.1 V (Idle Position)
4.4 0.1 V (Full Position)
T1-3-10
FILTER
Suction Filter......................................................... 177 m
High Pressure Strainer ......................................... 120 m
Full-Flow Filter ...................................................... 10 m
Bypass Filter......................................................... 5 m
Drain Filter ............................................................ 10 m
Pilot Filter.............................................................. 10 m
OTHERS
LUBRICATOR
Grease Capacity................................................... 200 kg (440 lb) Dram
2
Grease Maximum Delivery Pressure ................... 24.0 MPa (245 kgf/cm , 3490 psi)
3 3
Grease Delivery Flow ........................................... 240 cm /min (14.6 in /min)
AIR CONDITIONER
Cooling Capacity .................................................. 5.0 kW (4320 kcal/h) x 3
Heating Capacity .................................................. 3.8 kW (3323 kcal/h) x 3
Refrigerant Quantity ............................................. 1400 50 g (3.1 0.1 lb)
3 3
Compressor Oil Quantity ...................................... 320 cm (19.5 in )
(Including Capacitor, Hose)
T1-3-11
(Blank)
T1-3-12
MEMO
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SECTION 2
SYSTEM
CONTENTS
Group 1 Controller Group 4 Hydraulic System
Outline ...................................................... T2-1-1 Outline ...................................................... T2-4-1
MC: Main Controller.................................. T2-1-2 Main Circuit............................................... T2-4-2
ELU: Electric Lever Control Unit ............... T2-1-8 Pilot Circuit ............................................. T2-4-14
IDU: Information Display Unit ............... T2-1-14 Pump Transmission Oil Cooling Circuit ... T2-4-20
ECM: Engine Control Module Oil Cooler Fan Motor Circuit ................... T2-4-20
(Engine Controller) ............................... T2-1-20 Air Conditioner Compressor Motor
DLU: Data Logging Unit.......................... T2-1-22 Circuit ................................................... T2-4-20
CSU: Contamination Sensing Unit ........ T2-1-24 Travel-Shock Damper/Travel Stop
HMU: Hydraulic System Monitoring Unit Circuit ................................................... T2-4-21
(Pump/Swing Motor Drain Pressure
Monitoring Unit) .................................... T2-1-26 Group 5 Electrical System
Outline ...................................................... T2-5-1
Group 2 Control System Electrical Power Circuit
Outline ...................................................... T2-2-1 (Key Switch:OFF).................................... T2-5-2
Engine Control.......................................... T2-2-2 Accessory Circuit (Key Switch: ACC) ........ T2-5-4
Pump Control ......................................... T2-2-10 Engine Start Circuit ................................... T2-5-6
Auto-Lubrication Control......................... T2-2-16 Charging Circuit (Key Switch:ON) ........... T2-5-12
Oil Cooler Fan Motor Speed Control....... T2-2-20 Engine Stop Circuit ................................. T2-5-22
Wiper Control ......................................... T2-2-22 Surge Voltage Prevention Circuit ............ T2-5-28
Travel Mode Control ............................... T2-2-24
Group 3 ELU System

Outline ...................................................... T2-3-1
Pilot Shut-Off Control................................ T2-3-2
Pump Control ........................................... T2-3-4
Cushion Cylinder End Travel Regulation
Control.................................................... T2-3-6
Swing Stop Control ................................... T2-3-8
18KT-2-1
(Blank)
18KT-2-2
SYSTEM / Controller
OUTLINE
Controllers are arranged by function. They are con-

nected through CAN (network provided for machine)
for monitoring all machine operating conditions in-
cluding the engine and for indicating operating infor-
mation on the display in the cab.
MC: Main Controller

ELU: Electric Lever Control Unit
IDU: Information Display Unit
ECM: Engine Control Module
DLU: Data Logging Unit
CSU: Contamination Sensing Unit
HMU: Hydraulic System Monitoring Unit
MMS: Modular Mining System
ECM (C1) ECM (P)
Service
J1939-CAN
Tool
GPS Antenna
DLU
Orbcumm
Ke-CAN (Optional)
IDU ELU MC
MMS
COMM. UNIT MMS
(Optional)
(Optional)
Display
CAN
Keypad
HMU CSU
T18K-02-01-001
T2-1-1
SYSTEM / Controller
MC: MAIN CONTROLLER
Functions
Auto-Idle Control Auto-Lubrication Control

When all control levers are in neutral and the MC activates the auto-lubrication solenoid valve at
auto-idle switch is turned ON, MC sends the intervals set by the auto-lubrication interval switch
auto-idle signal to ECM. and lubricates front joint pins, swing bearing and
ECM reduces engine speed to auto-idle speed. center joint.
Power Increase Control Oil Cooler Fan Control

-1
When engine speed is between 1800 to 2150 min MC controls the oil cooler fan control solenoid valve
and MC receives the lever control signal from ELU, (EHC valve), in response to the signal from the hy-
MC controls the power increase solenoid valve (EHC draulic oil temperature sensor, and changes the oil
valve), delivers pilot pressure oil to port Pz of the cooler fan motor speed at four stages.
pump regulator and increases pump performance
(flow pressure).
Power Decrease Control

-1
When engine speed is less than 1650 min , MC
receives the engine protection signal from ECM or
MC receives the lever neutral signal from ELU, MC
controls the power decrease solenoid valve (EHC
valve), delivers pilot pressure oil to port Pf of the
pump regulator and decreases pump performance
(flow pressure).
T2-1-2
SYSTEM / Controller
Pilot Control Shut-Off

Lever Limit Switch To IDU, DLU
MC
Auto-Idle
Switch
ELU
Engine Speed Sensor
Fuel Fill Indicator Switch
ECM
Power
Increase
Solenoid Valve
Power
Decrease
Pressure Switch 1 Solenoid Valve
(Auto-Lubrication)
Auto-Lubrication
Solenoid Valve
Pressure Switch 2
(Manual Lubrication) Oil Cooler Fan
Speed Control
Solenoid Valve
Auto-Lubrication
Interval Switch
3 min.
5 min.
10 min.
15 min.
Hydraulic Oil Temperature Sensor
Power Increase Pressure Sensor Oil Cooler Fan Control

Pressure Sensor
Power Decrease Pressure Sensor
T18K-02-01-002
T2-1-3
SYSTEM / Controller
Wiper Control
MC operates the wiper at slow speed, fast speed or
intermittently in response to the signal of the wiper
switch position. In the intermittent mode, the wiper is
operated at intervals set by the interval switch.
Power Delay Shut-Off Control

MC shuts off the exciting current of the illumination
OFF delay relay at the lapse of certain period
(Settable from 15 seconds to 10 minutes) after the
key switch is turned OFF. Therefore, the battery re-
lay is turned OFF and current from the battery is not
supplied.
Delay time setting can be perform on the monitor
display.
Fuel Level Measurement

MC receives the signal from the fuel level sensor
and the fuel level switch. MC transmits the detected
data from the sensor to IDU by using CAN. IDU out-
puts the detected data to the display. (Refer to IDU
Meter Indication.)
Motion Alarm Control

MC receives the signal from the travel pilot pressure
sensor. When the received signal exceeds the set-
ting, MC judges that the machine is traveling and
sounds the travel alarm.
T2-1-4
SYSTEM / Controller
Wiper Motor
MC
Wiper Relay 2
Key Switch
Window Washer Switch Fuse #75

Wiper Switch
OFF Fuse #76
INT.
LOW
HIGH Wiper Relay 4
From Battery
From Key Switch
Wiper
Fuse Fuse Relay 1
#77 #21
Washer Mo-
tor Relay Wiper
Relay 3
Washer Motor
Indicator LED Red
Wiper Indicator LED Yellow

Interval
Switch Power Decrease
25 sec. Solenoid Valve
20 sec.
15 sec.
10 sec.
5 sec.
Fuel Level Sensor
Travel Pilot Pressure Sensor

Battery Illumination OFF
Delay Relay
Travel Alarm
Fuel Level Switch (Hi)
Fuel Level Switch (Low) To DLU
Monitor
CAN Display
IDU
Power Shut-Off T18M-02-01-003

Delay Time Setting
(15 seconds to
10 minutes)
T2-1-5
SYSTEM / Controller
Alarm Judgment
MC executes the following judgment.
1. Hydraulic oil level

2. Air cleaner filter clogging (LED Yellow)
3. Alternator operation
4. Pump transmission oil level
5. Emergency switch status (ON/OFF)
6. Valves opening/closing
7. MC lights indicator LED red or LED yellow ac-
cording to judgment.
At the same time, IDU lights each indicator on the
monitor display in response to the information sent by
using CAN.
NOTE: IDU also sounds the buzzer, if the hydraulic
oil level, pump transmission oil level or
valve opening/closing is abnormal.
Diagnosing
Diagnosing is carried out on the sensors connected
to MC.
Failure information is transmitted to DLU and IDU by
using CAN.
DLU logs failure information.
IDU outputs failure information on the display.
T2-1-6
SYSTEM / Controller
Air Bleed So-

lenoid Valve
Alternator
Line
Key Switch Air Cleaner Switch
ON Signal MC
Line
2 1
5 4 3
Valve Limit
Switch
(Return (1))
Valve Limit Switch
(Return
(2)) Valve Limit
Switch
(Suction)
To ECM
(Key ON)
Indicator LED Red
Indicator LED Yellow

Hydraulic Oil
Level Switch
To IDU, DLU
Hydraulic Oil Level

Alarm Switch CAN
1 - Emergency Switch
Alternator
(Cab)
(Engine Space (Front))
(Engine Space (Rear))
Pump Transmission 4 - Emergency Switch
Oil Level Switch (Pump Space (Front))
(Pump Space (Rear))
Engine Speed
Sensor
T18L-02-01-006
T2-1-7
SYSTEM / Controller
ELU: ELECTRIC LEVER CONTROL UNIT
Functions
Pilot Shut-off Selection
When the pilot shut-off relay is shifted by the pilot
shut-off lever limit switch, the pilot shut-off solenoid
valve is operated or stopped. Therefore, pilot pres-
sure oil is delivered or shut off to the control solenoid
valve.
Pilot Pressure Control by Control Valve

ELU outputs the signal to the control solenoid valve
(EHC valve) in response to the signal from the elec-
tric control lever. The control solenoid valve delivers
pilot pressure oil to DQR (Dual Quick Response)
valve in response to the signal.
Pump control functions

Positive Control
ELU outputs the signal in response to the control
lever stroke to the main pump displacement angle
control solenoid valve (EHC valve).
The main pump displacement angle control solenoid
valve delivers pilot pressure oil to the pump regulator
in response to the signal in order to control the pump
displacement angle.
T2-1-8
SYSTEM / Controller
Pilot Shut-Off Lever CAN

Limit Switch MC To IDU, DLU
Pilot Shut-Off
ELU Relay Pilot Shut-Off Sole-
Front/Swing noid Valve
Control Lever
EHC Valve
(For Electric Lever Control)
Arm Extend
(BH: Roll-Out)
Travel Solenoid Valve
Control Lever
Swing Right
Solenoid Valve
Bucket Open
Solenoid Valve
(LD Only)
Bucket Close
Solenoid Valve
(LD Only)
Boom Raise
Solenoid Valve
Bucket Tilt-Out
Solenoid Valve
Cushion Cylinder End
Pressure Sensor Travel Reverse
Solenoid Valve (R)
Arm Retract
(BH: Roll-In)
Solenoid Valve
Travel Forward
Solenoid Valve (L)
Travel Reverse
Ladder Limit Switch Solenoid Valve (L)
Boom Lower
Solenoid Valve
Main Pump Travel Forward
EHC Valve EHC Valve
Displacement Solenoid Valve (R)
(For Main Pump (For Main Pump
Angle Control
Control) Control)
Solenoid Valve Bucket Tilt-In
(BH: No. 1 Main Solenoid Valve
Main Pump
Pump, LD: No.
Swing Left Displacement
1, 2 Main
Pump) Solenoid Valve Angle Control
Main Pump Solenoid
Displacement Angle Valve(BH: No. 1
Control Solenoid Valve Main Pump, LD:
(No. 5 Main Pump) No. 1, 2 Main
Pump)
Main Pump Displacement Angle

Control Solenoid Valve
(BH: No. 2, 3, 4, 6 Main Pump,
LD: No. 3, 4, 6 Main Pump) Main Pump
Displacement Angle
Main Pump Control Solenoid Valve
Displacement Angle (No. 5 Main Pump)
Control Solenoid Valve
(BH: No. 2, 3, 4, 6 Main T18K-02-01-003
Pump, LD: No. 3, 4, 6
NOTE: LD: Loading Shovel Main Pump)
BH: Backhoe
T2-1-9
SYSTEM / Controller
Cushion Cylinder End Travel Limit Control
When the cushion cylinder reaches its stroke end
during travel operation, ELU receives the signal
from the cushion cylinder end pressure sensor. ELU
stops travel operation of the direction which the
machine traveled until then.
When travel operation is reversed and the cushion
cylinder leaves from the stroke end, travel operation
can be done.
Swing Stop Control

ELU deactivates the swing lever control signal in
response to the signal from the ladder limit switch.
Therefore, the swing operation stops.
Auto-Idle Control
When the electric control lever is in neutral, ELU
sends its signal to MC.
MC controls ECM and decreases engine speed to
auto-idle speed.
T2-1-10
SYSTEM / Controller
CAN
MC To IDU, DLU
ELU
Front/Swing
Control Lever
EHC Valve
Arm Extend
(BH: Roll-Out)
Travel Solenoid Valve
Control Lever
Swing Right
Solenoid Valve
Bucket Open
Solenoid Valve
(LD Only)
Bucket Close
Solenoid Valve
(LD Only)
Boom Raise
Solenoid Valve
Bucket Tilt-Out
Solenoid Valve
Pressure Sensor Travel Reverse
Solenoid Valve (R)
Arm Retract
(BH: Roll-In)
Solenoid Valve
Travel Forward
Solenoid Valve (L)
Travel Reverse
Ladder Limit Switch Solenoid Valve (L)
Boom Lower
Solenoid Valve
Travel Forward
Solenoid Valve (R)
Bucket Tilt-In
Solenoid Valve
Swing Left
Solenoid Valve
T18K-02-01-003

BH: Backhoe
T2-1-11
SYSTEM / Controller
Diagnosing
Failure of the sensors connected to ELU is diag-
nosed and stick phenomena in the control solenoid
valve (EHC valve) is detected.
When the stick signal from the control solenoid valve
and the abnormal signal from the control lever/pedal
are detected, the pilot shut-off solenoid valve is
turned OFF and the operation is stopped automati-
cally.
Failure information is transmitted to DLU and IDU by
using CAN.
DLU logs failure information.
IDU outputs failure information on the display.
T2-1-12
SYSTEM / Controller
Pilot Shut-Off CAN

Lever Limit Switch MC To IDU, DLU
Pilot Shut-Off
Relay Pilot Shut-Off
ELU
Front/Swing Solenoid Valve
Control Lever
EHC Valve
(For Electric Lever
Control)
Arm Extend
Travel (BH: Roll-Out)
Control Lever Solenoid Valve
Swing Right
Solenoid Valve
Pilot Pressure Sensor Bucket Open
Travel Reverse (R) Solenoid Valve
(LD Only)
Bucket Close
Bucket Tilt-Out Solenoid Valve
(LD Only)
Bucket Close
(LD Only) Boom Raise
Solenoid Valve
Bucket Open
(LD Only) Bucket Tilt-Out
Solenoid Valve
Swing Right
Travel Reverse
Solenoid Valve (R)
Boom Raise
Arm Retract
Arm Extend (BH: Roll-In)
(BH: Roll-Out) Solenoid Valve
Travel Forward
Bucket Tilt-In Solenoid Valve (L)
Travel Forward (R) Travel reverse

Solenoid Valve (L)
Swing Left
Boom Lower
Solenoid Valve
Travel Reverse (L)
Travel Forward
Travel Forward (L) Solenoid Valve (R)
Bucket Tilt-in
Boom Lower Solenoid Valve
Swing Left
Arm Retract Solenoid Valve
(BH: Roll-In)
T18M-02-01-006

BH: Backhoe
T2-1-13
SYSTEM / Controller
IDU: INFORMATION DISPLAY UNIT
Functions
IDU is designed for data entry by the keypad, and
data display.
Displaying Meters
IDU receives meter data from the controllers (MC,
ECM and DLU) by using CAN.
IDU outputs meter data on the display.
Display Items
1- Hydraulic Oil Temperature
2- Engine Coolant Temperature
3- Engine Speed
4- Engine Oil Pressure
5- Engine Oil Temperature
6- Battery Voltage
7- Fuel Level Keypad
T18G-02-01-108
8- Fresh Air Temperature
1 2 3
7 6 T18M-02-01-007
Display
T2-1-14
SYSTEM / Controller
Display Data Flow
1- Hydraulic Oil Temperature

Hydraulic Oil Temperature Sensor MC ke-CAN IDU
2- Engine Coolant Temperature
Coolant Temperature Sensor ECM CAN (J1939) DLU ke-CAN IDU
3- Engine Speed
Engine Speed Sensor MC ke-CAN IDU
4- Engine Oil Pressure
Engine Oil Pressure Sensor ECM CAN (J1939) DLU ke-CAN IDU
5- Engine Oil Temperature
Engine Oil Temperature Sensor ECM CAN (J1939) DLU ke-CAN IDU
6- To Battery Voltage A
Main Power Source DLU ke-CAN IDU
7- Fuel Level
Fuel Level Sensor MC ke-CAN IDU
Fuel Level Switch MC ke-CAN IDU
8- Fresh Air Temperature
Fresh Air Temperature Sensor DLU ke-CAN IDU
T2-1-15
SYSTEM / Controller
Engine Coolant ECM(C1)

Temperature Sensor ECM(P) DLU IDU
J1939
CAN
Engine Oil Pressure
Sensor
Engine Oil
Temperature Sensor
Ke-CAN
Fresh Air Temperature Sensor
Ke-CAN
Engine Speed Sensor
MC
Hydraulic Oil Temperature Sensor
Ke-CAN
Fuel Level Sensor
Fuel Level Switch 1
Fuel Level Switch 2
Display
ELU
Keypad T18K-02-01-004
T2-1-16
SYSTEM / Controller
Fault Code Display Maintenance History Output/Maintenance Record
IDU displays the fault codes on the display in re- The history of replacement, including hour meter
sponse to the abnormal signal from the controllers reading, number of maintenance times and remain-
by using CAN. ing hours to next maintenance is displayed.
As a list of maintenance items is displayed, select
Failure Information Display the concerned item and record the replacement data.
Failure information is displayed on the display by
entering data using the keypad connected to IDU. Setting Intervals and Warning ON/OFF
The intervals of replacement items are individually
Buzzer Output set.
IDU sounds the buzzer in response to the specific The warnings ON/OFF of all replacement items are
alarm signal from the controllers by using CAN. set at a time.
Status Display Life Data Display

The date on temperature and pressure in response IDU receives cumulative information, including cu-
to signal from controllers by using CAN are dis- mulative engine running hours and machine oper-
played on the display. ating hours from DLU by using CAN, and displays it
on the display.
Automatic Snapshot Display
At the occurrence of warning, automatically. The Property (Machine Information) Display
data on temperature and pressure for five minutes The property of the machine, including controller
before warning and one minute after warning are configuration, hardware and software (version) is
logged. displayed.
The log can be later checked by using the keypad.
Manual Snapshot Display

Any data on temperature and pressure can be
checking manually when necessary. The date can
be logged and later checked.
Maintenance History
Maintenance warning output
The warnings on the replacement of air filters, en-
gine oil and hydraulic oil are output on the display at
every preset interval.
T2-1-17
SYSTEM / Controller
Processing and Check When Starting
IDU processes the following at the start of operation.
Memory check
Buzzer check
System configuration check: Check of the con-
trollers connected to the CAN network.
Level check: Check of coolant, engine oil and
hydraulic oil levels
Electric control lever check: Check of control lev-
ers for neutral position, model name setting, front
attachment setting and multi lever setting.
Maintenance warning: Warning of the items re-
quired to be maintained.
Other Settings
Maintenance setting: Setting of replacement in-
terval and hours of consumable parts
Snapshot setting: All delete of the recorded date
for manual snapshot
Time setting: Setting of world standard time, local
standard time and time difference.
Illumination OFF delay time setting: Setting of the
time until the work light comes off from the key
switch OFF.
T2-1-18
SYSTEM / Controller
(Blank)
T2-1-19
SYSTEM / Controller
ECM: ENGINE CONTROL MODULE
(Engine Controller)
Functions
Fuel Injector Control
ECM operates the injector in response to the signal
from the accelerator sensor, crank speed sensor,
boost pressure sensor and common rail pressure
sensor, and controls the engine.
Low Temperature Starting Control

ECM excites the ether solenoid valve in response to
the signal from the engine intake-air temperature
sensor, and improves engine starting ability.
(Optional: machine equipped with the Cummins
engine)
Auto-Idle Control
ECM operates the injector in response to the signal
from MC and reduces engine speed to auto-idle
speed.
Failure Diagnosing Control

When ECM receives the erratic data from the
accelerator sensor, crank speed sensor, boost
pressure sensor and common rail pressure sensor,
ECM controls engine speed, fuel injection amount
and engine stop.
Failure information is displayed by lighting and
blinking the indicator.
T2-1-20
SYSTEM / Controller
ECM C1 Injector
ECM P
Accelerator Sensor
Engine Maintenance
Indicator
Crank Speed Sensor
Engine Stop Indicator
Boost Pressure Sensor
Engine Warning Indicator
Common Rail Pressure Sensor

Ether Solenoid Valve
Engine
Troubleshooting Engine Intake-Air
Switch Temperature Sensor
Engine Failure
Code Display
Selection
Switch
MC
T18K-02-01-005
T2-1-21
SYSTEM / Controller
DLU: DATA LOGGING UNIT
Functions
Monitor System MMS Communication (Optional)
DLU monitors communication with the connected Communication with the mine management system
units, and logs abnormality. -- MMS (Modular Mining System) can be done.
Warning information is sent to MMS in real time at
Operating Hour Control the occurrence of warning.
DLU incorporates the internal clock and the GPS
receiver. Satellite Communication (Orbcumm) (Optional)
The internal clock is corrected to the standard time The starting and finishing times of daily data can be
by using the GPS receiver. changed by using Palm or the display in the cab.
Log data from DLU is transmitted to the Orbcumm
Taking-In Basic Data terminal.
The data for ECM is taken in by using CAN (J1939)
and transmitted to ke-CAN.
Warning Detection
Warning information with the stamped time is
logged.
Operating Condition Detection

Operating data is proceeded every 30 minutes.
Snapshot
At occurrence of warning, operating data every one
second for five minutes before warning and one
minute after warning is logged.
Log only one type of snapshot data a day even
when the same warning occurs several times a day.
Service Tool Communication

The communication with Palm and a personal
computer can be done.
Parameters Setting
The parameters in DLU are set by Palm.
T2-1-22
SYSTEM / Controller
Service Orbcumm
Tool (Optional)
ECM(C1)
ECM(P)
CAN DLU IDU
(J1939)
Internal Clock
GPS
Ke-
CAN
Ke-
CAN Ke-
CAN
ELU MC
MMS
COMM. Unit
(Optional)
MMS
Keypad
(Optional)
Display
T18K-02-01-006
T2-1-23
SYSTEM / Controller
CSU: CONTAMINATION SENSING UNIT
Functions
CSU senses the amount of contaminant (metal
particles) by using the contamination sensors
provided in the drain circuits for the main pumps,
swing motor and travel motor.
CSU sends the detection signals from all
contamination sensors to CAN at a cycle of one
second.
If any resistance in the contamination sensors is
lowered than the specified level, CSU lights the
indicator LED yellow.
IDU receives this signal and displays the warning on
the display.
At the same time, DLU logs it.
T2-1-24
SYSTEM / Controller
CSU
(Power Consumption: MAX 1A)
Contamination
Sensor
Main Pump P1 CH1

D/O (Open Collector) Indicator LED Yellow
GND (0V) Output at Warning
Main Pump P2 CH2 MAIN POWER From Battery

MAIN POWER GND
Main Pump P3 CAN

CH3
CAN_A To IDU, DLU
Main Pump P4 CH4 Contamination

Sensor
Swing Motor
CH17 (Front)
Main Pump P5 CH5

Swing Motor
CH18 (Rear)
Main Pump P6 CH6
Travel Motor
CH21 (C/J)
T18L-02-01-004
T2-1-25
SYSTEM / Controller
HMU: HYDRAULIC SYSTEM MONITORING
UNIT
(Pump / Swing Motor Drain Pressure
Monitoring Unit)
Functions
HMU monitors hydraulic drain pressure by using the
drain pressure sensor provided in the drain circuits
for the main pump and the swing motor.
If the peak drain pressure exceeds the specified level,
and its frequency exceeds the specified times, HMU
sends the signal and the data from the temperature
and pressure sensors to DLU by using CAN.
At the same time, DLU logs the frequency of
abnormality.
IDU displays the data from the temperature and
pressure sensors on the monitor display by using
CAN.
T2-1-26
SYSTEM / Controller
HMU
SENSOR_5V
GND CAN
Drain Pressure
Sensor
To IDU, DLU
Main Pump P1
Main Pump P2
Oil Cooler Outlet
Temperature
Sensor
Main Pump P3
Oil Cooler Front

Fresh Air
Temperature Sensor
Main Pump P4
Oil Cooler Inlet

Main Pump P5 Pressure Sensor
Main Pump P6
Swing Motor
(Front)
Swing Motor
(Rear)
T18K-02-01-007
T2-1-27
SYSTEM / Controller
(Blank)
T2-1-28
SYSTEM / Control System
OUTLINE
The signals from any of various sensors and switches

enter MC (Main Controller) and ECM (Electronic Con-
trol Module).
MC, and ECM process the signals, and activate the
solenoid valves and the relays in order to control the
engine, pumps, oil cooler fan motor and wipers.
Travel mode control as well as swing stop control
(while lowering the retractable-type ladder) are carried
out by the electric and hydraulic combined circuit.
MC
Input Output Control
Lever control signal from ELU Power increase solenoid valve Pump control (power increase control)
Engine speed sensor (EHC valve) Pump control (power decrease control)
Power decrease solenoid valve
(EHC valve)
Hydraulic oil temperature sensor Oil cooler fan speed control Oil cooler fan motor speed control
Solenoid valve (EHC valve)
Wiper switch Wiper relay 1 Wiper control
Interval switch Wiper relay 3
Wiper relay 4
ECM
Accelerator sensor Injector Engine control (engine speed control)
Crank speed sensor
Engine intake-air temperature Injector Engine control (low temperature start
sensor Ether solenoid valve control)
Crank speed sensor
Auto-idle signal from MC Injector Engine control (auto-idle control)
Radiator inlet temperature sen- Injector Engine control
sor (engine protection control)
Engine intake-air temperature
sensor
Engine oil pressure sensor
Coolant level sensor
Coolant pressure sensor
Fuel temperature sensor
Crank speed sensor
Engine control dial
T2-2-1
ENGINE CONTROL
Engine Speed Control
Purpose: To control the engine speed and output

torque in response to the engine control
dial operation and engine loads.
Operation:
1. When the engine control dial is operated, the en- 4. ECM judges the engine loading status and con-
gine control dial sends the signal to ECM ac- trols the injector to the most appropriate injection
cording to the operation. amount.
2. ECM operates the injector in response to the sig- 5. The detected data from the crank speed sensor is
nals and controls the engine speed. transmitted to IDU via DLU by using CAN com-
3. At the same time, ECM receives the signals from munication.
the crank speed sensor.
Crank Speed Sensor

IDU
Injector
J1939-CAN
Engine Control Dial

DLU ECM
Ke-CAN
T18M-02-02-001
T2-2-2
(Blank)
T2-2-3
Low Temperature Start Control
(Optional for Cummins Engine)
Purpose: To improve the engine starting perform-

ance when the intake-air temperature is
low (-5 C (23 F) or lower) by injection the
ether into the intake manifold.
Operation:
1. When the key switch is turned ON, the engine
intake-air temperature sensor sends the signal to
ECM.
2. When the engine start switch is pushed and in-
take-air temperature is low (-5 C (23 F) or lower),
ECM magnetizes the ether solenoid valve and
rotates the starter.
3. When the signal from the crank speed sensor is
-1
500 min , ECM demagnetizes the ether solenoid
valve.
4. With the ether into the intake-air, the engine
starting performance is improved.
5. When the engine dose not start, push the engine
stop switch and push the engine start switch
again.
T2-2-4
Engine Intake- Air Temperature Sensor

Crank Speed Sensor
Ether Bottle
Ether Solenoid
Ether Line
Intake Manifold
Key ON Fuel Injector

Signal
Engine Start
Switch ECM
Engine Stop
Switch
Starter Motor
T18M-02-02-002
T2-2-5
Auto-Idle Control
Purpose: To reduce fuel consumption and noise

level by decreasing the engine speed
when all control levers are in neutral with
the auto-idle switch ON.
Operation:
1. MC receives the signals from the auto-idle switch
and the control signals (front attachment/swing
and travel) from ELU.
2. MC sends the signal to ECM when lever control
signal from ELU becomes zero with the auto-idle
switch ON.
3. ECM decreases the engine speed to the auto-idle
-1
speed (1400 50 min (rpm)) by controling the in-
jector at the lapse of about three seconds after
receiving the signals.
4. The crank speed sensor detects the engine speed
and sends the signal to ECM. ECM judges that
the engine speed is reduced to the auto-idle
speed.
5. MC sends the auto-idle status signals to IDU by
using CAN. IDU displays the auto-idle icon on the
monitor display.
6. When the control lever is operated and MC re-
ceives, the lever control signal from ELU, MC
stops sending the signal to ECM.
Therefore, ECM increase the engine speed to the
speed set by the fuel lever.
NOTE: When the signals from the accelerator

sensor are lower than the auto-idle speed
-1
(1400 50 min (rpm)), the auto-idle control
is not avairable.
T2-2-6
Lever Control Signal

(Front Attachment / Swing)
MC
ELU Engine Control Dial
D/0(24V) 1 Crank Speed Sensor
Injector
D/0(24V) 2
Lever Control
Signal (Travel)
Auto-Idle Switch
Ke-CAN IDU Signal (Pilot Display)

[Output]
Auto-Idle Status Signal
T18M-02-02-003
T2-2-7
Engine Protection Control
Purpose: To start in order to prevent the engine from

damage when ECM detects a malfunction.
Operation:
1. When ECM receives the malfunction signals be-
low from each sensor, ECM sends the information
to CAN.
Coolant temperature (High)
Intake manifold temperature (High)
Engine oil pressure (Low)
Coolant level (Low)
Fuel temperature (High)
Clank case pressure (High)
Coolant pressure (Low)
Engine oil temperature (High)
2. ECM reduces the fuel injection amount of the in-
jector and decreases the engine speed.
3. MC receives the information of engine malfunc-
tion by using CAN.
MC stop the signal to the power increase solenoid
valve (EHC valve) and sends the signal to the
power decrease solenoid valve (EHC valve).
Therefore, the pump displacement angle is re-
duced and the pump load is decreased.
T2-2-8
Engine Intake-Air
Temperature Sensor
Crank Speed Sensor
Injector
Intake Manifold
ECM
ENG.
Sensors
J1939-CAN Coolant Temperature Sensor
Engine Oil Pressure Sensor
Coolant Level Sensor
DLU Fuel Temperature Sensor
Crank Case Pressure Sensor
Coolant Pressure Sensor
Engine Oil Temperature Sensor
Ke-CAN
MC
P6 P4 P2
P5 P3 P1
EHC Valve
Pilot Pump Power Increase Power Decrease

Power Increase Solenoid Valve Solenoid Valve
Solenoid Valve
Power Decrease
Solenoid Valve
T18K-02-02-003
T2-2-9
PUMP CONTROL
Power Increase Control (Speed Sensing)
Purpose: To control the pump delivery flow rate ac-

cording to the engine speed in order to
utilize the engine output efficiently.
Operation:
1. The engine speed sensor converts the engine
speed into the electrical signal and send this
signal to MC.
2. When the engine speed is between 1800 to 2150
-1
min and MC receives the lever control signal
(front attachment/swing or travel) from ELU, MC
sends the signal to the power increase solenoid
valve (EHC valve) in proportion to the engine
speed.
3. The power increase solenoid valve delivers pilot
pressure oil in response to this signal to the main
pump regulator. Therefore, the pump driving
power increases.
4. Accordingly, the pump delivery flow rate and the
hydraulic actuator speed increase. (Refer to the
COMPONENT OPERATION/Pump Device
group.)
5. As the pump driving power increases, the engine
load increases, so that the engine speed de-
creases.
This operation of the regulator continues until the
-1
engine speed decreases to 1800 min .
T2-2-10
Power Increase
Solenoid Valve
ELU EHC Valve

(For Main Pump
Lever Control Control)
Signal (Front
Attachment/Swing) Lever Control
Signal (Travel)
MC
Power Increase
Solenoid Valve
Pilot
Pump
Engine Speed Engine

Sensor
T18K-02-02-001
T2-2-11
Power Decrease Control
Purpose: To reduce the main pump driving power in

order to protect the engine from being
overloaded when the engine speed is
-1
1650 min or lower.
Operation:
1. The engine speed sensor converts the engine
speed into the electrical signal and sends the sig-
nal to MC.
-1
2. When the engine speed is less 1650 min or
lower, or MC receives the lever neutral signal
(front attachment/swing or travel) from ELU, MC
sends the signal to the power decrease solenoid
valve (EHC valve) and shifts the power decrease
solenoid valve.
3. As the power decrease solenoid valve is shifted,
pilot pressure oil from the pilot pump is delivered
to the main pump regulator and decreases the
pump driving power. (Refer to the COMPONENT
OPERATION/Pump Device group.)
4. As the pump driving power decreases and the
engine load is reduced, the engine speed is in-
creased. Thereby, the engine is protected from
being overloaded.
-1
5. After the engine speed increase 1750 min or
higher, MC stop the signal to the power decrease
solenoid valve and resumes the normal control.
T2-2-12
Power Decrease
Solenoid Valve
ELU EHC Valve

(For Main Pump Control)
Lever Neutral Signal

(Front Attachment / Lever Neutral Signal
Swing) (Travel)
MC
Power Decrease
Solenoid Valve
Pilot
Pump
Engine Speed Engine

Sensor
T18K-02-02-001
T2-2-13
Power Decrease Control (with Control Levers in
Neutral or at Start of Operation)
Purpose: To prevent the initial decrease in engine

speed caused by shifting the control levers
when the control levers are in neutral.
Operation:
1. When the control levers are in neutral, the lever
control signals (front attachment/swing and travel)
from ELU to MC become zero. At the lapse of 0.5
second, MC send the signal to the power de-
crease solenoid valve (EHC valve) shifts the so-
lenoid valve.
2. When the power decrease solenoid valve is
shifted, pilot pressure oil is delivered to the main
pump regulator and decreases the pump driving
power. (Refer to the COMPONENT OPERA-
TION/Pump Device group.)
In this control, the power increase solenoid valve
is turned OFF, so that the power increase control
is not carried out.
3. When the control levers are shifted, MC receives
the lever control signals (front attachment/swing
or travel) from ELU. At the lapse of 0.5 second,
MC gradually turns OFF the power decrease so-
lenoid valve and stops the power decrease con-
trol.
4. As the power decrease control is activated for 0.5
second at the start of lever shifting, the initial de-
crease in engine speed can be prevented.
When the power decrease solenoid valve is deac-
-1
tivated and the engine speed is 1800 min or
higher, the power increase solenoid valve is
turned ON and the power increase control is car-
ried out.
T2-2-14
Power Decrease
Solenoid Valve
ELU EHC Valve

(For Main Pump Control)
Lever Neutral Signal

(Front Attachment/ Lever Neutral Signal
Swing) (Travel)
MC
Power Decrease
Solenoid Valve
Pilot
Pump
Engine Speed Engine

Sensor
T18K-02-02-001
T2-2-15
AUTO-LUBRICATION CONTROL
Purpose: To automatically apply grease to the front

attachment joint pins, the swing bearing
and the center joint at preset intervals.
Operation:
Auto Lubrication
1. When the auto-lubrication selection switch is set
to the AUTO position, current from terminal 76-13
of MC is grounded via the auto-lubrication selec-
tion switch so that MC recognizes that the
auto-lubrication switch is in the AUTO position.
2. Current from terminal 48-18 of MC flows to
auto-lubrication solenoid valve 1 at intervals set
by the auto-lubrication interval switch in order to
activate auto-lubrication solenoid valve 1.
3. Pressure oil from the pilot pump is delivered to the
vent valve and the grease pump motor via the
pressure reducing valve. Therefore, the grease
pump is activated.
4. As pilot pressure oil flows to the vent valve, the
vent valve is closed and the return circuit from the
grease pump to the grease tank is blocked.
Therefore, grease is delivered to the front at-
tachment lubrication circuit.
5. Pressure in the front attachment lubrication circuit
is routed to pressure switch 1.
When pressure in the front attachment lubrication
circuit increases beyond the set pressure (17.7
2
MPa (180 kgf/cm , 2570 psi)) set by pressure
switch 1, pressure switch 1 is turned ON. Terminal
48-38 of MC is grounded via that pressure switch
1. MC detects pressure in the front attachment
lubrication circuit increases.
6. MC lights the indicator LED (red), sends the sig-
nals to IDU by using CAN and indicates the
warning on the display.
7. MC activates the auto-lubrication solenoid valve
for 150 seconds at the preset intervals for inter-
mittent lubrication.
T2-2-16
Auto-Lubrication
Switch
MC
Pressure Switch 1 76-13

(For Auto-Lubrication)
48-38
76-26
Indicator LED (Red)

Pressure Switch 2
(For Manual-Lubrication)
CAN IDU
Auto-Lubrication
Interval Switch
76-57 48-18
3 Min.
5 Min.
10 Min.
15 Min.
76-6
76-18
76-5
Key Switch ON Signal 76-71
(Fuse #15)
Engine Speed Sensor 48-30

48-42
Pilot
Pump
Center Joint/Swing Bearing

Lubrication Circuits
Front Attachment
Lubrication Circuit
Grease Pump
Hose Reel Circuit
Vent Valve
Grease Tank Pressure Auto-Lubrication

Reducing Solenoid Valve T18M-02-02-005
Valve
T2-2-17
Manual-Lubrication
1. When the auto-lubrication selection switch is set
to the MANUAL position, MC keeps auto-lubrica-
tion solenoid valves 1 and 2 ON. This causes the
grease pump to deliver grease and a grease gun
can be used.
2. Pressure switch 3 checks if manual-lubrication is
made normally. When the lubrication circuit
pressure increases beyond 23.5 MPa, pressure
switch 3 is turned ON.
3. Current from terminal 48-38 of MC is grounded
via pressure switch 3 and MC detects abnormal-
ity.
4. Current from terminal 48-18 of MC stops,
auto-lubrication solenoid valve 1 is turned OFF
and the grease pump is stopped.
NOTE: In case of manual-lubrication, the indicator

LED (red) is kept ON and the warning is
indicated on the display at all times.
When a grease gun is not used, the grease
pump does not work as pressure in the lu-
brication circuit increases.
T2-2-18
Auto-Lubrication
Switch
MC
Pressure Switch 1 76-13

(For Auto-Lubrication)
48-38
76-26
Indicator LED (Red)

Pressure Switch 2
(For Manual-Lubrication)
CAN IDU
Auto-Lubrication
Interval Switch
76-57 48-18
3 Min.
5 Min.
10 Min.
15 Min.
76-6
76-18
76-5
Key Switch ON Signal
(Fuse #15) 76-71
Engine Speed Sensor 48-30

48-42
Pilot
Pump
Center Joint/Swing Bearing

Lubrication Circuits
Front Attachment
Lubrication Circuit
Grease Pump
Hose Reel Circuit
Vent Valve
Grease Tank Pressure Auto-Lubrication

Reducing Solenoid Valve T18M-02-02-005
Valve
T2-2-19
OIL COOLER FAN MOTOR SPEED CON-
TROL
Purpose: To control the oil cooler fan motor speed at Oil Cooler Fan Motor Speed Vs. Hydraulic Oil Temperature
four steps in order to maintain the hydrau-
Hydraulic Oil Pilot Pressure from Oil Cooler Fan
lic oil temperature in the proper tempera-
Temperature Solenoid Valve Motor Speed
ture range.
(°C) (Current: From MC) (min-1)
Operation: 59 °C (138 °F) 0 MPa 200
2
1. The hydraulic oil temperature sensor sends the or Lower (0 kgf/cm )
signals to MC in response to hydraulic oil tem- [50 mA]
perature. 60 to 69 °C 1.8 MPa 850
2
2. MC controls the oil cooler fan motor speed control (140 to 156 °F) (18.4 kgf/cm ,
solenoid valve (EHC valve) in response to hy- 260 psi) [280 mA]
draulic oil temperature and delivers pilot pressure 70 to 79 °C 2.22 MPa 1150
oil to regulator (Pi) in the oil cooler fan motor drive (158 to 174 °F) (22.6 kgf/cm2,
pump. (Refer to the COMPONENT OPERA- 320 psi) [310 mA]
TION/Pump Device group.) 80 °C (176 °F) 3.51 MPa 1370
3. Therefore, the delivery flow rate from the oil or Higher (35.8 kgf/cm2,
cooler fan motor drive pump is controlled and the 510 psi) [400 mA]
oil cooler fan motor speed is changed.
4. The detection data from the hydraulic oil tem- NOTE: The oil cooler fan motor speeds in the table
perature sensor is sent to IDU by using CAN. above are those at the rated engine speed
(1800 min-1).
T2-2-20
Oil Cooler Fan Motor Oil Cooler Fan

Speed Control
Solenoid Valve
EHC Valve
(For Main Pump
Oil Cooler Fan
Control)
Motor Drive Pump
Oil Cooler Fan

Speed Control
Solenoid Valve
Pump Transmission
Engine
Hydraulic Oil
Temperature Sensor
MC
IDU
CAN T18K-02-02-002
T2-2-21
WIPER CONTROL
Intermittent Operation Fast Speed Operation
Purpose: To operate the wiper at intervals set by the Purpose: To operate the wiper at fast speed.
wiper interval switch.
Operation:
Operation: 1. When the wiper switch is set to the HIGH position,
1. The wiper interval switch sends the electric sig- MC receives the electric signals.
nals to MC at the set intervals. 2. MC outputs current from terminal 48-16 and turns
2. When the wiper switch is set to the INT. position, wiper relay 3 ON.
MC receives the electric signals. 3. As wiper relay 3 is turned ON, current from fuse
3. MC outputs current from terminal 48-4 and turns #76 operates the wiper motor at fast speed.
wiper relay 1 ON for about one second at intervals
set by the interval switch.
4. As wiper relay 1 is turned ON, current from fuse Window Washer Operation
#75 operates the wiper motor once at slow speed.
Purpose: To start the window washer and to operate
the wiper at slow speed.
Slow Speed Operation
Operation:
Purpose: To operate the wiper at slow speed. 1. When the window washer switch is pushed, the
window washer motor relay is turned ON and the
Operation: electric signals from terminal 48-40 of MC are
1. When the wiper switch is set to the LOW position, grounded.
MC receives the electric signals. 2. When the window washer motor relay is turned
2. MC outputs current from terminal 48-4 and turns ON, current from fuse #77 operates the window
wiper relay 1 ON. washer motor and sprays window washer fluid.
3. As wiper relay 1 is turned ON, current from fuse At the same time, wiper relay 1 is turned ON and
#75 operates the wiper motor at slow speed. the wiper motor is operated at slow speed.
3. The wiper motor is continuously operated for five
seconds at slow speed after releasing the window
washer switch.
T2-2-22
Wiper Motor
Wiper Relay 2
From Battery
Fuse #75
Fuse #76
Key Switch ON
Signal
Wiper Relay 4
Window 76-71
Washer Switch
Wiper Switch 76-59
OFF
INT. 76-47
LOW 48-4
76-68
HIGH Wiper Relay 1
48-40
From Battery
From Key MC
Switch
Fuse Fuse
#77 #21
48-16
Wiper Relay 3
Window
Washer
Motor Relay
Washer Motor
Wiper Interval
Switch
25 sec 76-68
20 sec
15 sec 76-35
10 sec
5 sec 76-59
T18G-02-01-026
T2-2-23
TRAVEL MODE CONTROL
Purpose: To select fast or slow travel speed by ad- Travel Mode

justing the travel motor displacement an- Selector Switch
gle by the travel mode selector switch.
Travel Mode Selector Switch Circuit
Slow Mode
1. When the travel mode selector switch is OFF
(slow), current from fuse #22 does not flow to the LED Power
travel mode selector relay. Source
2. Therefore, the contact of the travel mode selector
solenoid valve is located at the terminal #4 side.
Key Switch
At this time, IDU indicates the slow travel mode ON Signal
mark on the monitor display.
Fuse #22
Fast Mode
1. When the travel mode selector switch is ON (fast),
current from the travel mode selector relay is
Travel Mode
grounded. Selector
2. Therefore, the contact of the travel mode selector Relay IDU
relay is located at the terminal #5 side. Fuse #44
3. As the travel mode selector solenoid valve circuit
is grounded, the travel mode selector solenoid From Battery
valve is activated.
At the same time, IDU indicates the fast travel
mode mark on the monitor display.
Travel Mode
Display
Travel Mode
Selector
Solenoid
From Pilot Pump Valve
To Travel Mode
Selector Valve
T18G-02-01-027
T2-2-24
Operation
Slow Mode Operation

1. When the travel mode selector switch is OFF 4. Therefore, as the main pressure from the control
(slow), the travel mode selector solenoid valve is valve acts on the tilt piston, and the travel motor
turned OFF. displacement angle is increased, travel speed
2. Pilot pressure acts on the spool in the travel mode becomes slow.
selector switch valve after being reduced by the 5. Pilot pressure also acts on the parking brake and
pressure reducing valve to the set pressure. releases the brake. (Refer to the COMPONENT
3. However, as the travel mode selector valve set OPERATION / Travel Device group.)
pressure is higher than the reduced pilot pressure,
the spool in the travel mode selector valve does
not move.
Pressure
Reducing Valve
Travel Travel Mode

Mode Selector
Selector Solenoid Valve
Switch
Center Joint
Pilot
Pump
From Control Valve From Control Valve
Travel Mode Travel Mode

Selector Valve Selector Valve
Tilt Piston
Parking Brake Parking Brake

Left Travel Motor Right Travel Motor T141-02-01-008
T2-2-25
Fast Mode Operation
1. When the travel mode selector switch is ON (fast), 4. Therefore, as the main pressure from the control
the travel mode selector solenoid valve is turned valve acts on the tilt piston and the travel motor
ON. displacement angle is decreased, travel speed
2. Therefore, pilot pressure acts the spring side in becomes fast.
the pressure reducing valve. 5. Pilot pressure is also routed to the parking brake
Pilot pressure acts on the spool ends in the travel and releases the brake.
mode selector valve without being reduced.
3. As pilot pressure is not reduced, the spool in the
travel mode selector valve is shifted.
Pressure
Reducing Valve
Travel Mode Selector
Solenoid Valve
Travel Mode
Selector Switch
Center Joint
Pilot Pump
From Control Valve From Control Valve
Travel Mode Travel Mode

Selector Valve Selector
Valve
Tilt Piston
Parking Brake Parking Brake

Left Travel Motor Right Travel Motor T141-02-01-007
T2-2-26
SYSTEM / ELU System
OUTLINE
ELU (Electric Lever Control Unit) receives the signals

from the control lever, sensors and switches. ELU
makes arithmetic operation and controls the pumps
and the control circuits by activating the solenoid
valves and the relays.

Pilot Shut-Off Lever Limit Switch Pilot Shut-Off Solenoid Valve Pilot Shut-Off Control
Control Lever Signal Main Pump Displacement Control So- Positive Control
lenoid Valve (For Main Pumps 1 to 6)
Control Lever Signal (Left Travel) Travel Forward Solenoid Valve Cushion Cylinder End
Control Lever Signal (Right Travel) (Left/Right) Travel Regulation Control
Cushion Cylinder End Pressure Sensor Travel Reverse Solenoid Valve
Signal (Left/Right)
Main Pump Displacement Control Sole-
noid Valve (For Main Pumps 1 to 6)
Control Lever Signal (Swing) Swing Solenoid Value (Left/Right) Swing Stop Control
Ladder
Limit Switch Signal
T2-3-1
SYSTEM / ELU System
PILOT SHUT-OFF CONTROL
Purpose: To activate the pilot shut-off solenoid valve

by the pilot shut-off lever limit switch and to
Ke-CAN
deliver pressure oil from the pilot pump to
the pilot circuit.
ELU IDU
Operation:
1. When the pilot shut-off limit switch is turned ON
with the key switch in the ON position, current Pilot Pressure Sensor
from terminal M in the key switch flows to ELU
and MC through fuse #20 in the fuse box (cab)
To Pilot Circuit
and the pilot shut-off lever limit switch and excites
the pilot shut-off relay at the same time. Pilot Shut-Off
2. ELU and MC recognize the pilot shut-off release Relay
signals respectively, and send them to IDU by
using CAN.
3. When ELU recognizes the pilot shut-off release Pilot Shut-Off
Solenoid Valve
signal, ELU outputs the voltage signal.
4. The voltage signal from ELU goes to the pilot
shut-off solenoid valve through the pilot shut-off
relay.
5. Therefore, the pilot shut-off solenoid valve is ac-
tivated and pressure oil from the pilot pump is de-
livered to the pilot circuit.
Pilot Pump
Pilot Shut-Off
Lever Limit Switch
Fuse #20 in
Fuse Box (Cab)
Key Switch T18K-02-03-001
T2-3-2
SYSTEM / ELU System
(Blank)
T2-3-3
SYSTEM / ELU System
PUMP CONTROL
Positive Control
Purpose: To adjust pump delivery flow rate accord-

ing to the control lever stroke and to effi-
ciently to use engine output power.
Operation:
1. When operating the control lever, ELU receives
the signal according to the control lever stroke.
2. ELU sends the electric signal current to the main
pump displacement control solenoid valve (EHC
valve) according to the control lever stroke.
3. The main pump displacement control solenoid
valve delivers pilot pressure oil to the main pump
regulator according to the electric signal current
and controls the pump delivery flow rate.
4. Therefore, the delivery flow rate from each pump
is regulated to 70 to 335 L/min.
5. ELU detects pilot pressure from the main pump
displacement control solenoid valve to the pump
regulator, and sends the detected value to IDU by
using Ke-CAN.
Maximum flow rate of each main pump when operating the control lever:
Max. Flow Rate (L/min)
Operation
MP1 MP2 MP3 MP4 MP5 MP6
Travel Right 335 335 - - - -
Travel Left - - 335 335 - -
Swing - - - - 335 335
Boom Raise 335 335 335 335 335 335
Boom Lower 335 335 - - 70 335
LD: Arm Retract LD: 70 LD: 70 LD: - LD: -
335 335
BH: Arm Roll-In BH: 335 BH: 335 BH: 335 BH: 335
LD: Arm Extend
335 335 335 335 70 335
BH: Arm Roll-Out
Bucket Roll-In 335 335 335 335 70 335
LD: - LD: - LD: 375 LD: 425 LD: 425
Bucket Roll-Out 335
BH: 70 BH: 335 BH: 335 BH: - BH: -
Bucket Open/Close
375 375 - - - -
(LD Only)

BH: Backhoe
T2-3-4
SYSTEM / ELU System
Main Pump Displacement Control
Solenoid Valve
(BH: For Main Pump 1,
LD: For Main Pumps
1, 2 Main Pump Dis-
) placement Control
Main Pump Solenoid Valve
Displacement Control (For Main Pump 5)
Solenoid Valve
(BH: For Main Pumps
2, 3, 4, 6
Front Attachment Travel
LD: For Main Pumps
3, 4, 6)
EHC Valve
(For Main Pump
Control)
IDU ELU
Ke-CAN
Pilot Pump
Pilot Pressure Pilot Pressure

Sensor Sensor
Pilot
Pressure
Main Pump
Sensor
Displacement Main Pump Main Pump
Control Solenoid Valve Displacement Displacement
(For Main Pump 5) Control Control Solenoid
Solenoid Valve Valve
(BH: For Main (BH: For Main Pump 1
Pumps 2, 3, 4, 6 LD: For Main Pumps
LD: For Main 1, 2)
Pumps 3, 4, 6)
Regulator
P6 P4 P2
P5 P3 P1
Pump Transmission
Engine
T18K-02-03-002
T2-3-5
SYSTEM / ELU System
CUSHION CYLINDER END TRAVEL
REGULATION CONTROL
Purpose: To protect the track links and the shoes

from abnormal tension and shocks due to
sand and stone caught when traveling.
Operation: Travel Regulation Control

1. When the cushion cylinder approaches its stroke As cushion cylinder
Travel regulation
end when traveling forward, ELU receives the approaches stoke end
signal from the cushion cylinder end pressure Left forward Right forward
1 Forward ( )
sensor. Left reverse Right reverse
2. ELU stops the electric signal current to the travel Left forward Right forward
forward solenoid valve, the main pump dis- 2 Spin right ( )
Left reverse Right reverse
placement control solenoid valve. ELU sends the Left forward Right forward
electric signal current to only the corresponding 3 Spin left ( )
travel reverse solenoid valve. ELC sends the de- Left forward Right forward
tected value from the cushion cylinder end pres- 4 Reverse ( )
sure sensor by using Ke-CAN. Left forward Right forward
3. Therefore, the travel forward solenoid valve and 5 Turn left ( )
DQR valve 1 stop, the travel spool in the control Left forward Right forward
valve returns to the neutral position and the posi- 6 Turn right ( )
tive control is stopped. Left forward Right forward
4. When traveling reverse, ELU operates the travel 7 Turn right ( )
reverse solenoid valve and delivers pilot pressure Left forward Right forward
oil to DQR valve 1. 8 Turn left ( )
5. DQR valve 1 delivers pilot pressure oil to the
: Forward : Operation is enabled.
control valve and shifts the travel spool into the
: Reverse : Operation is disabled.
travel reverse position.
6. When traveling reverse, when the cushion cylin-
der leaves from the stroke end, ELU does not
receive the signal from the cushion cylinder end
pressure sensor. So, travel control, positive con-
trol and resumed.
T2-3-6
SYSTEM / ELU System
IDU
Ke-CAN
ELU
Left Travel Lever
Right Travel Lever
DQR Valve 1
DQR Valve 2

Pressure Sensor
Travel Forward
(Right)
Travel Reverse
(Left)
Travel Forward
(Left)
Travel Reverse
(Right)
Travel Reverse Travel Forward Travel Reverse Travel Forward
Main Pump Solenoid Valve Solenoid Valve Solenoid Valve Solenoid Valve
Displacement Control (Right) (Left) (Left) (Right)
Solenoid Valve
(BH: For Main Pumps
2, 3, 4, 6, LD: For
Main Pumps 3, 4, 6)
Main Pump Main Pump Displace-

Displacement ment Control Solenoid
Control Solenoid Valve (BH: For Main
Valve (For Main Pump Pump 1, LD: For Main
5) Pumps 1, 2)
Regulator
P6 P4 P2
P5 P3 P1
Pump Transmission
Engine
T18K-02-03-003
T2-3-7
SYSTEM / ELU System
SWING STOP CONTROL
Purpose: To stop swing operation when the retract-

able-type ladder is lowered in order not to
damage.
Operation:
1. When the retractable-type ladder is lowered, ELU
receives the voltage signal (0 V) from the ladder
limit switch.
2. During when attempting to make swing operation
under this condition, ELU judges that the signal
from the control lever is disabled and swing op-
eration cannot be done.
At the same time, the swing stop signal is sent to
IDU by using Ke-CAN.
3. When the retractable-type ladder is stored, ELU
receives the voltage signal (24 V) from the ladder
limit switch and swing operation can be done.
T2-3-8
SYSTEM / ELU System
Swing
MC
IDU
Ke-CAN
Ladder Limit Switch
ELU
T18K-02-03-004
Swing Swing
(Left) (Right)
T2-3-9
SYSTEM / ELU System
(Blank)
T2-3-10
SYSTEM / Hydraulic System
OUTLINE
The hydraulic system consists of the main circuit, pilot

circuit, pump transmission oil cooling circuit, oil cooler
fan motor circuit, air conditioner compressor motor
circuit and travel shock damper / travel stop circuit.
Main Circuit
It controls pressure oil from the main pumps by the
control valves and actuates the hydraulic cylinders
and the motors.
Pilot Circuit
It supplies pressure oil from the pilot pump to the
operation control circuit, travel mode control circuit,
travel parking brake release circuit, swing parking
brake release circuit, oil cooler fan motor speed
control circuit, pump control circuit, and
auto-lubrication control circuit.
Pump Transmission Oil Cooling Circuit

It supplies transmission oil to the pump transmission
oil cooler by the pump transmission oil circulation
pump.
Oil Cooler Fan Motor Circuit

It drives the oil cooler fan motor by pressure oil from
the oil cooler fan motor drive pump.
Air Conditioner Compressor Motor Circuit

It drives the compressor motor by pressure oil from
the compressor drive pump.
Travel Shock Damper / Travel Stop Circuit

It absorbs external loads applied to the front idlers in
order to reduce shock loads and stops travel
function if an excessive load is applied.
T2-4-1
MAIN CIRCUIT
Suction Circuit
Two main pumps are arranged in tandem for a total
and six main pumps are installed to this machine. The
main pumps draw hydraulic oil through the hydraulic
oil tank. Two filters are located in the hydraulic oil
tank.
Main Pump Front View
MP1 (Pump Transmission Side) MP3 (Pump Transmission Side)

MP2 (Pump End Side) MP4 (Pump End Side)
MP5 (Pump Transmission Side)

MP6 (Pump End Side)
MP1 MP3 MP5
MP2 MP4 MP6
Suction Filter
Hydraulic
Oil Tank
T18C-02-02-005
T2-4-2
(Blank)
T2-4-3
Delivery Circuit
Hydraulic oil delivered from six main pumps is routed

to three control valves through the high-pressure
strainer.
Each control valve receives hydraulic oil from the
main pumps as follows:
Control Valve 1 (Left):

Main Pumps MP 3 and MP 4
Control Valve 2 (Center):
Control Valve 3 (Right):
T2-4-4
Control Valve 1 (Left) Control Valve 2 (Center) Control Valve 3 (Right)
Left Bucket Boom Arm Bucket Arm Boom Right Swing Arm Boom
Bucket
Travel Travel Roll-In
MP1
MP2
High-Pressure
Strainer
MP3
MP4
MP5
MP6
Main Pump Front View

MP1 (Pump Transmission Side) MP3 (Pump Transmission Side)
MP2 (Pump End Side) MP4 (Pump End Side)
MP5 (Pump Transmission Side)

MP6 (Pump End Side)
T18C-02-02-006
NOTE: The figure shows the main circuit of the

backhoe.
T2-4-5
Return Circuit
Returning oil from control valves 1 (left) and 2

(center) flows back to the hydraulic oil tank through
the oil coolers and full-flow filters. When the returning
oil temperature is low (high viscosity), oil flow
resistance in the oil coolers increases. Therefore, the
low-pressure relief valves open so that returning oil
flows back to the hydraulic oil tank through the
bypass filter, low-pressure relief valves and full-flow
filters. Returning oil from control valve 3 (right)
directly flows back to the hydraulic oil tank through
the low-pressure relief valve and full-flow filters.
The return circuit from control valve 3 is connected to

the swing motor make-up circuit. The oil pressure in
the return circuit is maintained to 0.25 MPa (2.5
kgf/cm2, 36 psi) by the low-pressure relief valve in the
circuit. Consequently, if hydraulic oil in the swing
motor circuit is not sufficiently supplied, the make-up
valves open easily.
(Refer to the COMPONENT OPERATION / Swing
Device group.)
T2-4-6
: When the returning oil

temperature is low (high
viscosity), returning oil flows
Control Valve 1 (Left) Control Valve 2 (Center) Control Valve 3 (Right)
Bypass Filter
Low-Pressure Relief Valve
Swing Moter
Oil Cooler
Hydraulic Oil Tank T18K-02-04-003

Full-Flow
Filter
NOTE: The figure shows the main circuit of the

backhoe.
T2-4-7
Single Operation
Backhoe: Loading Shovel:

Boom Boom
Pressure oil is supplied to two boom cylinders Pressure oil is supplied to two boom cylinders
from control valves 1, 2 and 3, and raises or from control valve 1, 2 and 3, and raises or lowers
lowers the boom. Control valve 1 is used only the boom. Control valve 1 is used only when
when raising the boom. raising the boom.
Arm Arm
Pressure oil is supplied to two arm cylinders from Pressure oil is supplied to the arm cylinder from
control valve 1, 2 and 3, and rolls in or out the control valve1, 2 and 3, and extends or retracts
arm. the arm. Control valve 3 is used only when
Bucket extending the arm.
Pressure oil is supplied to two bucket cylinders Bucket
from control valve 1, 2 and 3, and rolls in or out Pressure oil is supplied to two bucket cylinders
the bucket. The control valve 3 is used only when from control valve 1, 2 and 3, and tilts in or out the
rolling in the bucket. bucket. Control valve 1 is used only when tilting in
Swing the bucket.
Pressure oil is supplied to two swing motors from Bucket Open/Close
control valve 3 and swings the upperstructure in Pressure oil is supplied to the dump cylinders
both directions. from control valve 1 and opens or closes the
Travel bucket.
Pressure oil is supplied to each side of the travel Swing
motors from control valve 1 or control valve 2 Pressure oil is supplied to two swing motors from
when driving the left or right track respectively. control valve 3 and swings the upperstructure in
both directions.
Travel
Pressure oil is supplied to each side of the travel
motors from control valve 1 or control valve 2
when driving the left or right track respectively.
T2-4-8
Boom Bucket Arm Dump Dump Level Bucket Boom

Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder
Left Travel Motor Right Travel Motor
Swing Motor
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Oil
Cooler
Control Valve 3
Control Valve 1 Control Valve 2 (Right)
(Left) (Center)
Hydraulic Oil Tank
MP 3 MP 4
MP 1 MP 3
Engine MP 2 MP 4
MP 1 MP 2 MP 5
MP 6
MP 5 MP 6 T18C-02-02-008
Control Valve 1 NOTE: The figure shows the main hydraulic circuit
1 - Arm 3 - Bucket of the loading shovel. When referring to this
Open /Close figure for the backhoe, replace three
2 - Bucket Tilt-In 4 - Left Travel
control valve sections as follows:
Boom Raise
Loading Shovel Backhoe
Control Valve 2
Bucket Open / Close Bucket
5 - Bucket 7 - Boom
6 - Arm 8 - Right Travel Boom Raise / Bucket Tilt-In Boom
Control Valve 3 Arm Extend Arm
Bucket Bucket Roll-In
9 - Swing 11 - Bucket
10 - Arm Extend 12 - Boom (Control Valve 3 (Right))
T2-4-9
Combined Operation
Control Valve 1 (Left)
NOTE: As illustrated to the right, each control
valve has both tandem and parallel circuits
so that various combined operations can
Left
be done. Travel
Combined Operation of Travel and Front

Attachment or Swing Bucket
Open/ Close
During combined operation of travel and front
attachment or swing, pressure oil is supplied to
the right and left travel motors through and control Boom Raise /
valve 1 (left) and control valve 2 (center) Bucket Tilt-In
respectively. The travel spools are located in front
of the other spools in control valve 1 (left) and Arm
control valve 2 (center) and organizes a tandem
circuit to give priority to the travel function over
other functions. Therefore, pressure oil is not
routed to the front attachment spools located T141-02-02-007
behind the travel spools. Accordingly, pressure oil Control Valve 2 (Center)
is supplied to the front attachment and the swing
motor from control valve 3 (right) so that the
combined operation of travel and front attachment
Bucket
or swing is done.
NOTE: Combined operation of travel and bucket

Arm
open/close or arm retract cannot be done
on the loading shovel.
NOTE: Control valve 1 (left) and control valve 2
Boom Raise
(center) are arranged to give priority to the
travel function. Control valve 3 (right) is
arranged to give priority to the swing
function. Accordingly, during combined Right
Travel
operation of travel, swing and front
attachment, the front attachment is
inoperable.
T141-02-02-008
Control Valve 3 (Right)
Swing
Arm Extend
NOTE: The figures show the control valve on the

loading shovel. When referring to this
Bucket
figures for the backhoe excavator, replace
three control valve sections as follows:
Loading Shovel Backhoe Boom

Boom Raise / Bucket Tilt Boom
Arm Extend Arm
T141-02-02-009
T2-4-10
Boom Bucket Arm Dump Dump Level Bucket Boom

Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder
Left Travel Motor Right Travel Motor
Swing Motor
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Oil
Cooler
Control Valve 1 Control Valve 3

Control Valve 2
(Left) (Right)
(Center)
Hydraulic Oil Tank
MP 3 MP 4
MP 1 MP 3
Engine MP 2 MP 4
MP 1 MP 2 MP 5
MP 6
MP 5 MP 6 T18C-02-02-008
Control Valve 1 NOTE: The figure shows the main hydraulic circuit
1 - Arm 3 - Bucket of the loading shovel. When referring to this
Open / Close figure for the backhoe excavator, replace
2 - Bucket Tilt-In 4 - Left Travel
three control valve sections as follows:
Boom Raise
Loading Shovel Backhoe
Control Valve 2
5 - Bucket 7 - Boom
6 - Arm 8 - Right Travel Boom Raise / Bucket Tilt Boom
Control Valve 3 Arm Extend Arm
Bucket Bucket Roll-In
9 - Swing 11 - Bucket
10 - Arm Extend 12 - Boom (Control Valve 3 (Right))
T2-4-11
Combined Operation of Bucket Tilt-In and Boom
Raise (Loading Shovel)
During combined operation of bucket tilt-in and Consequently, pressure oil from control valve 2 is
boom raise, the boom raise pilot pressure shifts used to raise the boom (the boom and the bucket
the switch valve. When the switch valve is shifted, spools are arranged in the tandem), pressure oil
it blocks the bucket tilt-in pilot pressure to control from control valve 1 is used to raise the boom,
valve 1. Therefore, the pilot pressure is routed to and pressure oil from control valve 3 is used to
only the boom raise side in the bucket tilt-in / raise the boom and to tilt the bucket in (the boom
boom raise spool section. and the bucket spools are arranged in the
parallel).
Boom Bucket Bucket Boom

(From DQR Valve) Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder Cylinder
Boom Raise Bucket Tilt-In
Pilot Pressure Pilot Pressure
Control Valve 2 Control Valve 3

Control Valve 1 (Center) (Right)
(Left)
Switch Bucket
Valve Tilt-In/ Bucket Boom

Boom Bucket Boom
Raise
Hydraulic Oil Tank
T18K-02-04-001
T2-4-12
(Blank)
T2-4-13
PILOT CIRCUIT
Pressure oil from pilot pump is used for the following

circuits:
Operation Control Circuit

Pump and Oil Cooler Fan Motor Control Circuits
(Refer to the SYSTEM / Control System group.)
Travel Mode Control Circuit (Refer to the
SYSTEM / Control System and the COMPONENT
OPERATION / Travel Device group.)
Travel Parking Brake Release Circuit (Refer to
the COMPONENT OPERATION / Travel Device
group.)
Swing Parking Brake Release Circuit (Refer to the
COMPONENT OPERATION / Swing Device
group.)
Auto-Lubrication Control Circuit (Refer to the
SYSTEM / Control System group.)
Two accumulators are installed in the pilot circuit, so

that hydraulic oil is supplied to the pilot circuit for a
period of time after the engine has been stopped. The
pilot pressure in the pilot circuit is constantly
2
maintained to the set pressure of 4.4 MPa (45 kgf/cm ,
640 psi) by the pilot relief valve.
T2-4-14
DQR Valve (Left Side) DQR Valve (Center Side)
EHC Valve
(For Electric Lever
Control) (Center Side)
Accumulator
Pilot Shut-Off
EHC Valve
Solenoid Valve Swing Parking Brake Release Circuit
(For Electric Lever
Control) (Left Side)
Auto-Lubrication Control
Circuit
Pump/Oil Cooler Fan Motor

Control Circuit
EHC Valve
(For Main Pump
Control) Travel Parking Brake
Release Circuit
Pilot Relief
Valve
Pilot
Filter Travel Mode
Control Circuit
Pilot
Pump
T18K-02-04-002
T2-4-15
The operation control circuit consists of two systems

as below.
Pressure oil from the pilot pump is supplied to each
control solenoid valve in EHC valve through the pilot
check valve and the pilot shut-off solenoid valve.
When moving the control lever, the control solenoid
valve is activated and pressure oil from the pilot
pump serves as a signal pressure to DQR (Dual
Quick Response) valve. (Refer to the
SYSTEM/Control System group.)
DQR Valve System:

Pressure oil from the pilot pump is supplied to DQR
valve.
When DQR valve is operated by the signal pressure
from the control solenoid valve, pressure oil from the
pilot pump is routed to the spool end in the control
valve and operates the control valve.
T2-4-16
Control Lever
Left Right Bucket Bucket
Arm Swing Bucket Boom Travel Travel Open Close
ELU
Control Signal to each

Solenoid Valve of EHC Valve
DQR Valve (Left) (For Electric Lever Control) DQR Valve (Center)
To Control Valve
Spools
To Control Valve
Spools
Control
Signal from
ELU
EHC Valve (For Electric Lever Control) (Left Side)
EHC Valve (For Electric Lever Control) (Center Side)
Pilot Shut-Off Solenoid Valve
Pilot Check
Valve
Pilot Pump
T18M-02-04-003
T2-4-17
1. When moving the control lever, ELU receives the
signals according to the control lever stroke.
2. ELU activates the control solenoid valve of EHC
valve in response to these signals and generates
hydraulic pressure. This hydraulic pressure is
routed to DQR valve and moves the spool in DQR
valve.
3. When the DQR valve spool is moved, hydraulic
pressure is generated according to the DQR valve
spool movement (stroke).
4. The hydraulic pressure is routed to the spool in
the control valve and moves the spool until the
hydraulic pressure is balanced with spring force.
5. Accordingly, the spool in the control valve is
controlled by pilot pressure oil through DQR valve,
not by pilot pressure oil through the control
solenoid valve.
6. When the spool is moved, main pressure oil from
the control valve is supplied to respective motors
and/or cylinders and activates them.
7. Returning oil from the control valve is routed to
the hydraulic oil tank through the other oil port in
DQR valve.
(Refer to the COMPONENT OPERATION / DQR
Valve group.)
T2-4-18
Hydraulic Piping
Control Lever
DQR Valve
Spool
Port T
ELU
Port P
Pilot
Pump
From Pilot
Actuator
Shut-Off
Solenoid Valve
Control Valve
Spring
Solenoid Valve of
EHC Valve
Spool Main
Pump Hydraulic Oil
Tank
T18K-02-04-004
T2-4-19
PUMP TRANSMISSION OIL COOLING
CIRCUIT
The pump transmission oil pump draws oil from the

pump transmission and delivers it to the pump
transmission oil cooler. After the oil is cooled at the oil
cooler, the oil is returned to the pump transmission.
Oil COOLER FAN MOTOR CIRCUIT
Pressure oil from the oil cooler fan motor drive pump
drives the oil cooler fan motor.
AIR CONDITIONER COMPRESSOR

MOTOR CIRCUIT
Pressure oil from the compressor motor drive pump

drives the air conditioner compressor motor.
Compressor Motor
Oil Cooler Fan Motor
Hydraulic
Oil Tank
Pump
Engine Transm
ission Pump
Transmission
Oil Cooler
Oil Cooler Fan Motor Compressor Motor Pump Transmission

Drive Pump Drive Pump Oil Pump
T18K-02-04-005
T2-4-20
TRAVEL SHOCK DAMPER / TRAVEL STOP
CIRCUIT
Purpose Operation
To protect the machine from shocks applied to the When ordinary shocks are applied:
front idlers. 1. When moving the travel lever, ELU activates the
Depending on shocks applied to the front idlers, two control solenoid valve (EHC valve). (Refer to
operations function as follows. Operation Control Circuit.)
When ordinary shocks are applied: 2. Pilot pressure is routed to DQR valve through the
The accumulators absorb shocks. control solenoid valve (EHC valve).
When excessive shocks are applied: 3. Pressure oil from the pilot pump shifts the travel
Refer to Cushion Cylinder End Travel Limit spool in the control valve through DQR valve.
Control in the SYSTEM / ELU System group. 4. Therefore, main pressure is routed to the left and
right travel motors and machine starts to travel.
5. At the same time, main pressure is reduced and is
routed to the cushion cylinder.
6. When shocks are applied to the front idler, the
cushion piston is pushed.
7. Consequently, hydraulic oil behind the cushion
piston flows into the accumulators.
8. The bladders in the accumulators are contracted
and absorbs shocks.
Cushion Piston
Relief Valve
Cushion Cylinder
Travel Stop Valve

Accumulator
Pressure Reducing
Cushion Cylinder End Valve
Pressure Sensor
Pilot Pump
To Travel Motor
Travel Spool in
Control Valve Center Joint Pilot Pressure
Select Valve T18K-02-04-006
T2-4-21
(Blank)
T2-4-22
SYSTEM / Electrical System
OUTLINE
The electrical system consists of the main circuit, the

control circuit and the monitor circuit.
Main Circuit
Engine and accessory operation related circuit
Control Circuit
Machine operation control related circuit
(Refer to the SYSTEM section.)
Monitor Circuit
Machine operation status indicated circuit
(Refer to the electrical circuit diagrams.)
The functions and construction of the main circuits

below are explained here.
Main Circuit
Electrical Power Circuit: It supplies electric power

to all electric systems on the machine.
Accessory Circuit: It is operated when the key

switch is in the ACC position.
Engine Start Circuit: It operates the starter and

starts the engine.
Charging Circuit: It charges the batteries and

supplies current generated by the alternator in
order to operate all the electrical components.
Engine Stop Circuit: Stop circuit by using the

emergency switch, the limit switch and the engine
stop switch: It stops the engine and prevents the
engine from restarting by using the emergency
engine stop switch and the engine stop switch.
Surge Voltage Prevention Circuit: It protects the

electrical equipment from surge voltage devel-
oped when the engine stops.
T2-5-1
ELECTRICAL POWER CIRCUIT
(KEY SWITCH: OFF)
Negative terminal ( ) of battery is connected to the

machine. With the key switch OFF, current flows as
follows.
Battery relays (1, 2, 3) terminal A
Fusible link #1 Fuse box 1

Battery Fuse box 3
Fusible link #9 ECM power connector terminals A, C, D
Fusible link #10 Sliding fold-in ladder relay (2) terminal #3 (optional)
Sliding fold-in ladder relay (3) terminal #3 (optional)
Fusible link (250 A) Sliding fold-in ladder motor (1) (optional)
Fuse #1 MC (Main power source)

Fuse #2 Delayed power OFF relay terminals #1, #3
Fuse box 1 Fuse #4 MMS communication unit (Main power source) (optional)
Fuse #5 HMU (Main power source)
Fuse #6 Air horn compressor relay (L1) terminal #3
Fuse #7 Air horn compressor relay (R1) terminal #3
Fuse #8 Sliding fold-in ladder relay (1) terminal #3
Sliding fold-in ladder alarm/flash light (1) terminal #12 (optional)
Fuse #9 Limit switch (box light switch) (electrical equipment box door inside)
Fuse #10 Fuse box (cab)
Fuse #11 C/U main power engine terminal #1 (optional)
Fuse #12 C/U (Ke-CAN) terminal A (optional)
Fuse #1 Key switch terminal B

Fuse #2 ELU (Main power source)
Fuse box Fuse #3 IDU (Main power source)
(cab) Fuse #4 DLU (Main power source)
Fuse #5 ORBCOMM terminal #2 (Main power source) (optional)
Fuse #5 Radio (Backup power source)
Fuse box 3 Fuse #55 ECM (Data link)
NOTE: The LED light in the electrical equip-

ment box is enabled even when the en-
gine stops.
T2-5-2
Limit Switch Fuse Box
LED (Cab)
(Box Light Switch)
To MC Delayed Power OFF

Relay Terminals Sliding Fold-In Ladder To ELU
#1, #3 Relay (1) Terminal #3 (Optional) To IDU
MMS
Communication Sliding Fold-In Ladder Relay To DLU
Unit (Optional) Alarm/Flash Light (1) #12 (Optional) ORBCOMM
To HUM Air Horn Compressor C/U Main Power Source Terminal #2 (Optional)
Relay (L1) Terminal #3 Terminal #1 (Optional)
Air Horn Compressor To Radio
Relay (R1) Terminal #3
C/U (Ke-CAN)
Terminal A
(Optional)
Fuse Box 1 Key Switch

ECM
(Data Link)
Fuse Box 3
Sliding Fold-In Ladder Relay (2) (Optional)
Sliding Fold-In Ladder Relay (3)

Fusible Link #9
(Optional)
Fusible Link 1
Fusible Link #10
Fusible Link (250A)

(Optional)
Battery Relay (1)
Battery Relay (2)
Battery Relay (3)
Battery
Sliding Fold-In
Ladder Motor 1
(Optional)
T18K-02-05-001
T2-5-3
ACCESSORY CIRCUIT
(KEY SWITCH: ACC)
1. When the key switch is turned to the ACC position,

terminal B in the key switch is connected to ter-
minal ACC.
2. Current from terminal ACC flows to fuses #13,
#14, #15 and #16 in the fuse box (cab).
3. Current through fuse #13 powers the radio.
4. Current through fuse #14 excites air horn com-
pressor relays L2 and R2 and the horn relay.
5. Therefore, current through air horn compressor
relays L2 and R2 excites air horn compressor re-
lays L1 and R1.
6. Current from each relay powers the horn and the
air horn compressor.
7. Current through fuse #15 powers the cigarette
lighter.
8. Current through fuse #16 powers power source
terminal (1).
T2-5-4
Fuse Box 1
Fuse #7
Fuse #6 Fuse Box
(Cab)
Fuse Box 1
Fuse #10
Air Horn Key Switch

Compressor Relay (L2) To Radio
Air Horn
Compressor Relay (L1)
Cigarette Lighter
Fusible Link 1
Power Source
Terminal (1)
Air Horn Air Horn

Compressor Relay (R2) Compressor Relay (R1)
Horn Relay
Horn Switch
Horn (R) (Optional) Horn (L)
Air Horn
Compressor (R) Air Horn
(Optional) Compressor (L)
Battery
Horn Pressure
Horn Pressure Switch (L1)
Switch (R1)
Horn Pressure
Horn Pressure Switch (L2)
Switch (R2)
T18M-02-05-002
T2-5-5
ENGINE START CIRCUIT
Voltage Applied to Starter
1. When the key switch is turned to the ON position,

current from terminal M in the key switch excites
battery relays 1 to 3 through fuse #11 in the fuse
box (cab) and fuse #26 in fuse box 2.
2. With battery relays 1 to 3 excited, current from the
battery flows to terminal B of the engine starter
though battery relays 1 to 3.
3. Current from terminal M flows to the engine start
switch through fuse #12 in the fuse box (cab),
emergency switches 1 to 5, valve limit switches
(return (1), return (2), suction).
4. Current from the valve limit switch (suction) flows
to ECM through the engine stop switch.
Therefore, the fuel injection pump can be con-
trolled by the governor and the engine can start.
T2-5-6
Air Bleed
Solenoid Valve
ECM
Emergency Switch 1 to 5
Engine Stop Valve Limit Valve Limit Valve Limit

Switch Switch Switch
Switch
(Suction ) (Return (2)) (Return (1))
Alternator
Prelub
Starter (1) Timer Relay
(Upper)
Engine Start
Switch
Starter (2) Fuse Box 3

(Lower) Fuse #47
Fusible Link 4 Fuse Box 2

Fuse #26
Battery Relay (1)
Circuit Breaker
(200A) Battery Relay (2)
Battery Relay (3)
Fuse Box
(Cab)
From Battery
Key Switch
T18L-02-05-001
T2-5-7
Starting Engine
Engine Prelub Circuit

1. When the engine start switch is pushed, current Display Screen
from terminal M in the key switch flows to terminal
#3 in the prelub timer relay through the engine
start switch and operates the prelub timer relay.
2. Current from terminal #6 in the prelub timer relay
excites the prelub relay.
3. As the prelub relay is excited, current from the
battery flows to the prelub motor and IDU through
battery relays (1, 2) and the prelub relay.
4. The prelub motor rotates and the engine oil
pressure increases.
5. At the same time, IDU lights PRELUB on the dis-
play.
6. When the engine oil pressure increases, the pre-
lub pressure switch is turned OFF. Consequently, T18L-02-05-005
current from terminal #4 in the prelub timer relay

is blocked and the prelub timer relay stops flowing
current from terminal #6 to the prelub relay.
7. When current from terminal #6 in the prelub timer
relay stops, the excited current to the prelub relay
is blocked and the prelub relay is turned OFF.
Consequently, current from the battery is blocked
and the prelub motor is stopped. Prelub T18N-02-05-018
8. At the same time, IDU turns off PRELUB on the

display.
T2-5-8
From Key Switch

Engine Start Terminal M
Switch
Prelub Timer
Relay
Prelub Pressure
Switch
To IDU
Prelub
Relay
From
Battery
Prelub
Motor
Starter Relay (Upper)
Starter Relay (Lower)
T18M-02-05-004
To Starter
Relay 2
T2-5-9
Engine Start Circuit
After the prelub operation, the prelub timer relay
flows the excited current to the starter relay and
starts the engine in the followings.
1. Voltage from the battery has already been applied 9. As the engine oil reserve pump unit relay is ex-
to terminals B in starters (1) (upper) and (2) cited, current from fusible link 4 to the engine oil
(lower). Therefore, when current flows to termi- reserve pump unit (optional) is blocked. Therefore,
nals S in starters (1) (upper) and (2) (lower), the engine oil reserve pump unit (optional) is
starters (1) (upper) and (2) (lower) can rotate turned OFF.
-1
immediately. 10. When the engine speed becomes 500 min or
2. When the prelub operation, current from terminal more, the crank speed sensor sends the signal to
#5 in the prelub timer relay flows and excites ECM.
starter relays (upper) and (lower) at the same 11. ECM excites starter relay 2.
time. 12. As starter relay 2 is excited, the ground circuits in
3. Current from the battery flows to terminals S in the starter relays (upper) and (lower) are blocked.
starters (1) (upper) and (2) (lower) through battery Therefore, current exciting the starter relays (up-
relays (1, 2) and starter relays (upper) and (lower) per) and (lower) is blocked.
respectively. 13. Therefore, as current to terminals S in starters (1)
4. Current to terminals S in starters (1) (upper) and (upper) and (2) (lower) excites is cut, starters (1)
(2) (lower) excites the starter coil and connects (upper) and (2) (lower) are stopped.
terminal B to terminal M. Consequently, when the
starter rotates, the pinion gear meshes with the
ring gear in the engine while rotating in order to
start the engine.
5. When the engine starts, the alternator starts gen-
erating.
6. Current from terminal AC in the alternator excites
the alternator relay.
7. As the alternator relay is excited, the ground cir-
cuit between the charge SIG relay and the engine
oil reserve pump unit relay is connected. There-
fore, the charge SIG relay and the engine oil re-
serve pump unit relay are excited.
8. As the charge SIG relay is excited, current from
terminal M in the key switch to MC is blocked.
Therefore, MC detects that the engine starts.
T2-5-10
From Key Switch

Engine Start Terminal M
Switch
Prelub Timer Relay
Charge SIG Relay
Starter Relay (Upper)
Engine Oil Reserve

Fuse Box 3 Pump Unit Relay
Starter Relay (Lower)
Fuse #59
Alternator Relay Engine Oil Reserve

Starter Relay 2 Pump Unit Switch
(Optional)
Fusible
Link 4 Fuse Box 2
Fuse #40
Alternator ECM Fuse Box 2

Battery Relay (1)
Fuse #26
Battery Relay (2)
Battery Relay (3)
Crank Speed
Sensor
Fuse Box
(Cab)
Starter (1)
(Upper) From Battery
Key Switch
Starter (2)
(Lower)
T18M-02-05-006
T2-5-11
CHARGING CIRCUIT
(KEY SWITCH : ON)
1. When the key switch is in the ON position, ter- 5. At the same time, current from terminal (sub)
minal B is connected to terminals ACC and M in flows to each circuit through the fusible link, fuse
the key switch. boxes 1 to 4 and fuse box (cab).
2. Current from terminal M in the key switch flows to
battery relays 1 to 3 through fuse #11 in fuse box
(cab) and fuse #26 in fuse box 2, so that the bat-
tery relay is kept ON.
3. When the engine starts, the alternator starts ro-
tating and generating electricity.
4. Current from terminal B in the alternator flows to
the battery through circuit breaker (200A), termi-
nal (sub), battery relays (1, 2) and terminal (main)
so that the battery is charged.
Terminal Connected to Remarks

Terminal (Main) Fusible link 1 -
Fusible link 9 ECM Power Source
Sliding fold-in ladder relay (2, 3) (Optional) Sliding fold-in ladder circuit ground
signal
Sliding fold-in ladder motor 1 (Optional) Power source
Terminal (Sub) Fusible link 2 -
Fusible link 3 -
Fusible link 4 -
Fusible link 5 -
Fusible link 6 -
T2-5-12
To T2-5-15, 17, 19, 21

Fusible Link
Terminal (Main)
Fusible Link 9
Terminal
(Sub)
Circuit Breaker
(200A)
Battery Relay (1)
Battery Relay (2)
Battery Relay (3)
From Alterna-
tor Terminal B
From Key Switch
Terminal M
Sliding Fold-In
Ladder Relay (2)
(Optional)
Sliding Fold-In
Ladder Relay (3)
ECM (Optional)
Battery
Sliding Fold-In
Ladder Motor 1
(Optional)
T18K-02-05-002
T2-5-13
Fusible link Through fuse box Connected to Remarks

#1 Fuse box 1 #1 MC terminal #76-55 Main power source
#2 Delayed power OFF terminal #1 Ground circuit
#4 MMS communication unit (optional) terminal B Main power source
#5 HMU terminal #76-55 Main power source
#6 Air horn compressor relay (L1) terminal #3 Power source
#7 Air horn compressor relay (R1) terminal #3 Power source
#8 Sliding fold-in ladder relay (1) terminal #3 Power source
Sliding fold-in ladder alarm terminal #12 Power source
#9 Limit switch (fluorescent light switch) terminal #2 Power source
#10 Fuse box (cab)
#11 C/U engine (optional) terminal #1 Main power source
#12 C/U Ke-CAN (optional) terminal A Main power source
Fuse box 3 #55 ECM Data link
Through fuse box Connected to Remarks

Fuse box 1 Fuse box (cab) #1 Key switch terminal B Main power source
Fuse #10 #2 ELU terminals #76-55, #76-56, #76-57 Main power source
#3 IDU terminal CN1-55 Main power source
#4 DLU terminals #76-13, #76-26 Main power source
#5 ORBCOMM (optional) terminal #2 Main power source
#6 Radio terminal #1 Backup
T2-5-14
Fuse Box (Cab)
Key Switch
To Horn Circuit
Cigarette Lighter
Power Source
Terminal (1)
Refer to T2-5-21.
Fuse Box 3
Refer to T2-5-19.
Refer to T2-5-17. Fuse Box 1
To T2-5-13
T18M-02-05-009
T2-5-15

#2 Fuse box 2 #31 A/C main relay (front) terminal #3 Power source
#32 A/C main relay (side) terminal #3 Power source
#33 A/C main relay (rear) terminal #3 Power source
Fuse box 4 #69 Maintenance light relay 3 terminal #3 Power source
#70 Maintenance light relay 4 terminal #3 Power source
#3 Fuse box 2 #30 Travel alarm terminal A Power source
#34 A/C fan relay (front) terminal #3 Power source
#35 A/C fan relay (side) terminal #3 Power source
#36 A/C fan relay (rear) terminal #3 Power source
Fuse box 3 #48 Power source terminal 1 Power source
#49 DC/DC converter terminal 1+IN Power source
#50 DC/DC converter terminal 2+IN Power source
Fuse box 4 #73 Entrance light relay terminals #1, #3 Power source
T2-5-16
Fuse Box 2
Fuse Box 3
Fuse Box 4
Refer to
T2-5-19.
Refer to
T2-5-21. Refer to
T2-5-15.
To T2-5-13
T18M-02-05-010
T2-5-17

#4 Fuse box 2 #37 DLU service tool terminal J Power source
#38 ORBCOMM (optional) terminal #1 Power source
#39 MMS communication unit (optional) terminal A Power source
Fuse box 3 #44 Travel mode selector relay terminal #3 Power source
#45 Sliding fold-in ladder relay 4 terminals #1, #3 Power source
#46 Dome LED light Power source
(cab/F, R) terminal #2
#47 Emergency switch 1 terminal #8 Power source
#53 ELU PWM power relay (1) terminal #3 Power source
ELU terminal #48-1 Solenoid power source
#59 Engine oil reserve pump unit relay terminals #1, Power source
#3
#60 Oil pump Power source
Fuse box 4 #67 Maintenance light relay 1 terminals #1, #3 Power source
#68 Maintenance light relay 2 terminal #3 Power source
#77 Washer motor relay terminal #3 Power source
#78 Fast-filling system relay terminal #3 Power source
#79 CSU terminal #9 Main power source
T2-5-18
Fuse Box 2
Fuse Box 3
Fuse Box 4
Refer to Refer to
T2-5-21. T2-5-17. Refer to
T2-5-15.
To T2-5-13
T18M-02-05-011
T2-5-19

#5 Fuse box 4 #61 Work light relay 1 terminals #1, #3 Power source
#62 Work light relay 2 terminal #3 Power source
#6 Fuse box 3 #41 Seat suspension air compressor terminal #2 Power source
#51 MC terminal #48-12 Solenoid power source
#52 MC terminal #48-13 PWM power source
Fuse box 4 #75 Wiper motor circuit breaker 1 (10A) / motor (L) Power source
#76 Wiper motor circuit breaker 2 (20A) / motor (H) Power source
T2-5-20
Fuse Box 3
Fuse Box 4
Refer to
T2-5-19.
Refer to
T2-5-17.
Refer to
T2-5-15.
T18M-02-05-012
To T2-5-13
T2-5-21
ENGINE STOP CIRCUIT
Engine Stopping by Emergency Switch
1. When emergency switches 1 to 5 which are pro-

vided at several location on the machine are
turned to the emergency stop position, current
from terminal M in the key switch to ECM is
blocked.
2. ECM controls the electronic governor in the en-
gine and stops supplying fuel.
3. The engine stops.
4. At the same time, as current to the engine start
switch is blocked, the starter motor does not ro-
tate. Therefore, the engine cannot start.
5. Only when emergency switch 1 in the cab is
turned to the emergency stop position, the air
bleed solenoid valve on the hydraulic oil tank is
operated and releases the pressure inside the
tank.
NOTE: The figure in T2-5-23 shows the status

when emergency switch 1 is turned to the
emergency stop position.
T2-5-22
Air Bleed
Solenoid Valve
ECM
Emergency Switch 2 to 5 Emergency
Switch 1 (Cab)
Engine Stop Valve Valve Limit

Switch Limit Switch Switch (Re-
(Suction) turn (1))
Valve
Limit Switch
(Return (2))
Alternator
Starter (1)
(Upper)
Prelub Timer Engine
Start Switch
Starter (2)
(Lower)
Fuse Box 3
Fuse #47

Fuse #26
Battery Relay (1)
Circuit Breaker
Battery Relay (2)
(200A)
Battery Relay (3)
Fuse Box
(Cab)
From Battery
Key Switch
T18L-02-05-002
T2-5-23
Engine Stopping by Valve Limit Switch
1. The valve limit switch is provided to the butterfly

valves in the suction pipe and the return pipe.
When the butterfly valves is closed, as the valve
limit switch is turned OFF, current from terminal M
in the key switch to ECM is blocked.
4. At the same time, as current to the engine start
switch is blocked, the starter motor does not ro-
tate. Therefore, the engine cannot start.
NOTE: Figure in T2-5-25 shows the status when

the valve limit switch (return (1)) is OFF.
T2-5-24
Air Bleed Sole-

noid Valve
ECM
Switch 1 (Cab)

(Suction) turn (1))
Valve
Limit Switch
(Return (2))
Alternator
Starter (1)
(Upper)
Engine
Prelub Timer
Start Switch
Starter (2)
(Lower)
Fuse Box 3
Fuse #47

Fuse #26
Battery Relay (1)
Circuit Breaker
(200A) Battery Relay (2)
Battery Relay (3)
Fuse Box
(Cab)
From Battery
Key Switch
T18L-02-05-003
T2-5-25
Engine Stopping by Engine Stop Switch
1. When the engine stop switch is pushed, current

from terminal M in the key switch to ECM is
blocked.
NOTE: Figure in T2-5-27 shows the status when

the engine stop switch is pushed.
T2-5-26
Air Bleed
Solenoid Valve
ECM
Switch 1 (Cab)

(Suction) turn (1))
Valve
Limit Switch
(Return (2))
Alternator
Starter (1)
(Upper)
Engine
Prelub Timer
Start Switch
Starter (2)
(Lower)
Fuse Box 3
Fuse #47

Fuse #26
Battery Relay (1)
Circuit Breaker
Battery Relay (2)
(200A)
Battery Relay (3)
Fuse Box
(Cab)
From Battery
Key Switch
T18L-02-05-004
T2-5-27
SURGE VOLTAGE PREVENTION CIRCUIT
When stopping the engine by turning the key switch

OFF, current from terminal M in the key switch to bat-
tery relay terminal S is shut-off and the battery relay is
turned OFF. When the key switch is turned OFF, as the
engine still coasts for a while, the alternator is kept
generating electricity. In this case, when the battery
relay is turned OFF, as the generated current from
alternator terminal B does not flow to the battery
through terminal B in the battery relay, surge voltage
(voltage buildup) is developed in the circuit. In order to
protect the electric equipment such as MC from surge
voltage, the surge voltage prevention circuit is pro-
vided.
1. Current from the battery flows normally to termi-

nals #1 and #3 in delayed power OFF relay. When
the key switch is in the ON position, current from
terminal M in the key switch flows to fuses #15
and #26.
2. Current from fuse #26 flows to terminal S in bat-
tery relay. Current from fuse #15 flows to MC. MC
recognizes it as power-ON.
3. When current flows to MC, MC grounds the cur-
rent from terminal #2 in the delayed power OFF
relay to MC terminal #48-9. Therefore, the de-
layed power off relay is turned ON.
4. Current from terminal #5 in the delayed power
OFF relay flows to terminal S in the battery relay.
When the battery relay is turned ON, current from
terminal B in the alternator is charged in the bat-
tery.
5. When the key switch is turned to the ACC or OFF
position, current from fuse #15 to MC is shut-off.
MC turns the delayed power OFF relay OFF (the
ground circuit is blocked in 180 seconds (the set-
ting time can be changed)).
6. After the key switch is turned OFF, the delayed
power OFF relay is kept ON for about 180 sec-
onds so that current from fuse #2 keeps the bat-
tery relay ON. Consequently, the generated cur-
rent from terminal B in the alternator flows to the
battery in order to prevent the occurrence of
surge voltage in the circuit.
T2-5-28
Fuse Box (Cab)
Fuse #11
Fuse #1
Key Switch
Fuse Box 1
Fuse #2
Delayed Power OFF

Relay Fuse Box 2 Fuse #15
Fuse #26 Fuse #10
MC Fusible Link 1
Battery Relay (1)
Battery Relay (2)
Battery Relay (3)
Alternator
Battery
T18M-02-05-016
T2-5-29
(Blank)
T2-5-30
MEMO
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SECTION 3
COMPONENT OPERATION
CONTENTS
Group 1 Pump Device Group 5 DQR Valve
Main Pump ............................................... T3-1-2 Port Location ............................................ T3-5-2
Regulator.................................................. T3-1-4 Construction ............................................. T3-5-3
4-Unit Pump ........................................... T3-1-30 Operation .................................................. T3-5-4
Group 2 Swing Device Group 6 Travel Device

Swing Motor ............................................. T3-2-2 Travel Motor.............................................. T3-6-2
Swing Parking Brake ................................ T3-2-4 Travel Mode Control ................................. T3-6-4
Swing Reduction Gear.............................. T3-2-5 Brake Valve............................................... T3-6-6
Valve Unit ................................................. T3-2-6 Parking Brake ........................................... T3-6-8
Travel Reduction Gear .............................. T3-6-9
Group 3 Control Valve
Outline ...................................................... T3-3-1 Group 7 Others (Upperstructure)
Pilot port Location..................................... T3-3-2 Air Conditioner .......................................... T3-7-1
Hydraulic Circuit ....................................... T3-3-3 Auto-Lubrication System ........................... T3-7-3
Main Relief Valve and EHC Valve (For Main Pump Control) ........ T3-7-4
Overload Relief Valve ............................. T3-3-5 Oil Cooler Fan Motor................................. T3-7-6
Make-Up Valve ......................................... T3-3-6 Accumulator.............................................. T3-7-7
Group 4 Control Equipment Group 8 Others (Undercarriage)

Outline ...................................................... T3-4-1 Swing Bearing........................................... T3-8-1
Electric Lever............................................ T3-4-2 Adjuster Cylinder ...................................... T3-8-2
EHC Valve (For Electric Lever Control) .... T3-4-6 Accumulator.............................................. T3-8-3
Center Joint .............................................. T3-8-5
18KT-3-1
(Blank)
18KT-3-2
COMPONENT OPERATION / Pump Device
OUTLINE
The pump device consists of the pump transmission, As for the 4-unit pump, from the transmission side, the
main pumps (2-unit, 3 used) and 4-unit pump. After first pump is a swash plate type variable displacement
being distributed by the gear, the engine power is plunger pump and drives the oil cooler fan motor. The
transmitted to each pump through the transmission. 2nd pump is a gear pump and supplies pressure oil to
The main pump is a 2-unit swash plate type variable the pilot circuit. The 3rd pump is also a gear pump
displacement plunger pump and supplies high pres- and drives the air conditioner compressor. The 4th
sure oil to the main circuits. pump, farthest away from the transmission, is used to
circulate the pump transmission oil.
Pump Transmission Machine Front
Main Pump 3
(Transmission Side)
Main Pump 4
(Pump End Side)
Main Pump 5
(Transmission Side)
Main Pump 6
(Pump End Side)
Main Pump 1 (Transmission Side)

Main Pump 2 (Pump End Side)
4-Unit Pump
T18K-01-02-007
T3-1-1
MAIN PUMP
The main pump is a 2-unit swash plate type plunger

pump. The two shafts are connected with a coupling.
The same type pump is mounted on each shaft. A cyl-
inder block is splined to the shaft. The plungers are
installed to the cylinder block. Engine rotation is
transmitted to the shaft through the pump transmis-
sion. As the shaft is rotated, the plungers rotate with
the cylinder block together. The plungers slide along
the surface on the shoe plate so that the plungers re-
ciprocate in the cylinder block bores as the swash
plate is positioned at an angle toward the plungers.
This plunger reciprocation functions to draw and dis-
charge hydraulic oil.
Main Pumps 1, 3 and 5 Main Pumps 2, 4 and 6
Servo Piston
Shoe Plate Shaft Servo Piston
Shaft Shoe Plate
Swash Plate
Swash Plate Plunger Cylinder Valve Plate Coupling Valve Plate Cylinder Plunger
T18C-03-01-001
Block Block
T3-1-2
Flow Rate Increasing / Decreasing Operation
The pump delivery flow rate is varied by changing

the displacement angle of the swash plate, which
changes the stroke of the plunger. The servo piston
is moved by pressure oil from the regulator. As the
swash plate is connected to the servo piston, the
swash plate displacement angle is changed accord-
ing to movement of the servo piston, so that the
pump delivery flow rate is changed.
Servo Piston
Shaft
Valve Plate
Cylinder Block
Plunger T142-02-01-001
Swash Plate
T3-1-3
REGULATOR
The regulator is located on the pump casing and con-

trols the pump delivery flow rate. Two kinds of the
regulators, one for the main pump and one for the oil
cooler fan motor drive pump, are provided.
Regulator Operation
Torque Constant Control Power Decrease Control (Main pump only)
Torque constant control controls the pump deliv- When engine speed is reduced to 1650 min-1 or
ery flow rate according to own pump delivery slower, power decrease control pressure Pf from
pressure (P) in order to maximize utilization of EHC valve (SC) minimizes the pump displace-
the engine horsepower. This control includes the ment angle. Therefore, the pump output is re-
following two operations. duced.
(1) Overload Prevention Operation Power Increase Control (Main pump only)
When own pump delivery pressure (P) in- When engine speed increase to 1800 min-1 or
creases, the pump displacement angle is faster, power increase control pressure Pz from
reduced and the pump delivery flow rate de- EHC valve (SB) increases the pump displace-
creases. ment angle. Therefore, the pump output is in-
(2) Flow Rate Recovery Operation creased.
When own pump delivery pressure (P) de- Minimum Flow Rate Signal Priority Control
creases, the pump displacement angle is in- When more than two control signals are deliv-
creased and the pump delivery flow rate in- ered to the regulator at the same time, the regu-
crease. lator is controlled by the minimum flow rate sig-
Flow Rate Control nal.
Regulator for main pump: When a control lever is
operated, flow rate control pressure Pi from EHC NOTE: The regulator port symbols correspond to
valve changes the pump displacement angle and the symbols used on the hydraulic circuit
controls the pump delivery flow rate. diagram as follows.
Regulator for oil cooler fan motor drive pump: MC
drives EHC valve (SC) (oil cooler fan speed con- Symbol on Hydraulic
trol solenoid valve) according to hydraulic oil Regulator Port Symbol
Circuit Diagram
temperature. Flow rate control pressure Pi from Pi i1 to i7
EHC valve (SC) changes the pump displacement
Pf j1, j3, j5
angle.
Pz k1 to k6
Psv p1 to p7
T3-1-4
Main Pump Pi Pz
T18C-03-01-005
Pz Psv Pf Pi
Oil Cooler Fan Motor Drive Pump

Pi
Psv
T18C-03-01-006
P- Own Pump Delivery Pressure Pf- Power Decrease Control Pressure

(EHC Valve (SE))
Psv- Pump Servo Assist Pressure Pz- Power Increase Control Pressure
(from Pilot Pump) (EHC Valve (SB))
Pi- Flow Rate Control Pressure
(EHC Valve)
T3-1-5
Section (Main Pump Regulator)
Main Pumps 1,3 and 5 Main Pumps 2,4 and 6
A A
B B
T18C-03-01-003
A B T18C-03-01-002
A B
Section A-A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Pi
14 13 12
T117-02-01-006
1- Inner Spring 5- Pin 9 - Pin 12 - Feedback Lever

2- Sleeve 6- Pin 10 - Pilot Piston 13 - Pin
3- Spool 7- Lever 1 11 - Spring 14 - Servo Piston
4- Pin 8- Hole
T3-1-6
Section B-B
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Pz
Pf
24
T117-02-01-007
15 - Piston 18 - Pin 21 - Outer Spring 23 - Piston

16 - Compensating Piston 19 - Hole 22 - Inner Spring 24 - Pin
17 - Lever 2 20 - Compensating Rod
T3-1-7
Section (Oil Cooler Fan Motor Drive Pump Regu-
lator)
A
B
A B
T18C-03-01-004
Section A-A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Pi
14 13 12
T117-02-01-006
1- Inner Spring 5- Pin 9 - Pin 12 - Feedback Lever

2- Sleeve 6- Pin 10 - Pilot Piston 13 - Pin
3- Spool 7- Lever 1 11 - Spring 14 - Servo Piston
4- Pin 8- Hole
T3-1-8
Section B-B
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
24
T146-03-01-005
15 - Piston 18 - Pin 20 - Compensating Rod 22 - Inner Spring

16 - Compensating Piston 19 - Hole 21 - Outer Spring 24- Pin
17 - Lever 2
T3-1-9
Link Mechanism
Movement of pilot piston (10) is transmitted to lever 1 Accordingly, when lever 1 (7) or lever 2 (17) rotates,
(7) via pin (9) and lever 1 rotates (7) around pin (4) pin (5) comes in contact with the hole inside on the
secured in the supporting plug. Movement of com- rotated lever and feedback lever (12) rotates around
pensating rod (20) is transmitted to lever 2 (17) via pin pin (13) installed in servo piston (14). When servo
(24) and lever 2 (17) rotates around pin (18) secured piston (14) is moved, feedback lever (12) is moved via
in the casing. Pin (5) is installed to feedback lever (12) pin (13). As lever 1 (7) and lever 2 (17) do not move at
and both ends of pin (5) are inserted into the holes on this time, feedback lever (12) rotates around pin (5)
lever 1 (7) and lever 2 (17). and spool (3) is moved.
NOTE: : Displacement angle decrease

18 : Displacement angle increase
24
17
Housing 19
12
20
6
5
7
8
4
9
Supporting
3 Plug
13
10
14
T117-02-01-009
3- Spool 7- Lever 1 12 - Feedback Lever 18 - Pin

4- Pin 8- Hole 13 - Pin 19 - Hole
5- Pin 9- Pin 14 - Servo Piston 20 - Compensating Rod
6- Pin 10 - Pilot Piston 17- Lever 2 24- Pin
T3-1-10
(Blank)
T3-1-11
Constant Torque Control
NOTE: The constant torque control has the two

following functions. 5. According to movement of servo piston (14), the
Overload Prevention Operation pump displacement angle is reduced so that the
As load (pressure) increases, the pump pump delivery flow rate is reduced.
delivery flow rate is reduced so that the 6. As servo piston (14) moves, feedback lever (12)
engine is not overloaded. is moved via pin (13). As compensating rod (20)
Flow Rate Recovery Operation and lever 2 (17) do not move, feedback lever (12)
As load (pressure) decreases, the pump is rotated around pin (5) counterclockwise and
delivery flow rate is increased so that spool (3) is moved to the left. When the notches
the engine output can be effectively util- on spool (3) and sleeve (2) close thoroughly, own
ized. pump delivery pressure P does not act on the
large chamber of servo piston (14) and servo
Overload Prevention Operation piston (14) stops moving.
7. Consequently, the pump delivery flow rate de-
1. When own pump delivery pressure (P) increases creases from Q1 to Q2 and the pump loads is
from P1 to P2, compensating piston (16) pushes reduced.
compensating rod (20) to the right until the oil
pressure force balances with outer spring (21)
and inner spring (22).
2. Compensating rod (20) moves lever 2 (17) via
pin (24). Lever 2 (17) rotates around pin (18) se-
cured in the housing counterclockwise.
3. As pin (5) installed in feedback lever (12) is in-
serted into hole (19) on lever 2 (17), feedback
lever (12) is rotated around pin (13) by lever 2 Delivery
Flow
(17) clockwise and spool (3) is moved to the Rate
right.
4. When spool (3) is moved, own pump delivery
pressure P acts on the large chamber of servo
piston (14) through spool (3). Although own pump
Delivery Pressure
delivery pressure P acts on the small chamber, T141-03-01-001
servo piston (14) moves to the right due to the

difference in the pressure receiving area between
the servo piston ends.
T3-1-12
1 2 16 3 17 18 5 19 20 21 22
Pz
Pf
Small Chamber Pressure

Large Chamber
P2
14 13 12 24
18
24 T117-02-01-010
17
Housing 19
12
20
14
13
T117-02-01-009
1- Spring 12 - Feedback Lever 17 - Lever 2 21 - Outer Spring
2- Sleeve 13 - Pin 18 - Pin 22 - Inner Spring
3- Spool 14 - Servo Piston 19 - Hole 24 - Pin
5- Pin 16 - Compensating Piston 20 - Compensating Rod
T3-1-13
Flow Rate Recovery Operation
1. When own pump delivery pressure (P) decreases

from P2 to P1, compensating piston (16) returns
with compensation rod (20) together to the left
until the oil pressure force balances with outer
spring (21) and inner spring (22).
2. Compensating rod (20) moves lever 2 (17) via
pin (24). Lever 2 (17) rotates around pin (18) se-
cured in the housing clockwise.
serted into hole (19) on lever 2 (17), feedback
lever (12) is rotated around pin (13) by lever (17)
counterclockwise and spool (3) is moved to the
left.
4. When spool (3) is moved, the large chamber of
servo piston (14) is connected to the hydraulic oil
tank through spool (3). As own pump delivery
Delivery
pressure (P) acts on the small chamber, servo Flow
piston (14) moves to the left. Rate
5. According to movement of servo piston (14), the
pump displacement angle increases so that the
pump delivery flow rate increases.
6. As servo piston (14) moves, feedback lever (12)
Delivery Pressure
is moved via pin (13). As compensating rod (20) T141-03-01-001
and lever 2 (17) do not move, feedback lever (12)

is rotated around pin (5) clockwise and spool (3)
is moved to the right. When the notches on spool
(3) and sleeve (2) close thoroughly, the large
chamber of servo piston (14) is not connected to
the hydraulic oil tank and servo piston (14) stops
moving.
7. Consequently, the pump delivery flow rate in-
creases from Q2 to Q1.
T3-1-14
2 16 3 17 18 19 5 20 21 22 Pz
Pf
Large Chamber Small Chamber Pressure

P2
14 13 12 24
Housing 18 T117-02-01-011
24
17
19
20
12
14
13
T117-02-01-009
2- Sleeve 13 - Pin 18 - Pin 21 - Outer Spring
3- Spool 14 - Servo Piston 19 - Hole 22 - Inner Spring
5- Pin 16 - Compensating Piston 20 - Compensating Rod 24 - Pin
12 - Feedback Lever 17 - Lever 2
T3-1-15
Flow Rate Control (Main Pump Regulator)
Flow rate control consists of functions of increasing

flow rate and decreasing flow rate. MC drives the
solenoid valve in EHC valve (pump control)
according to the control lever stroke.(Refer to the
SYSTEM / Control System group)
Pressure oil from the pilot pump flows to the
regulator through the solenoid valve in EHC valve
(pump control).
Therefore, the regulator senses the control lever
condition so that the regulator controls the pump
displacement angle.
Flow Rate Increasing Function

1. When a control lever is operated, flow rate con-
trol pressure Pi acts on pilot piston (10). As
pressure Pi increases, pilot piston (10) is moved
to the right until pilot piston (10) balances with
spring (11).
2. Pilot piston (10) moves lever 1 (7) via pin (9).
Lever 1 (7) rotates around pin (4) secured in the
supporting plug counterclockwise.
serted into hole (8) on lever 1 (7), feedback lever
(12) is rotated around pin (13) by lever 1 (7)
left.
Delivery
servo piston (14) is connected to the hydraulic oil Flow
tank through spool (3). As own pump delivery Rate
pressure (P) acts on the small chamber, servo
piston (14) moves to the left.
5. According to movements of servo piston (14), the
pump swash angle increases so that the pump
delivery flow rate increases. Flow Rate Control Pressure
6. As servo piston (14) moves, feedback lever (12) T141-03-01-002
is moved via pin (13). As pilot piston (10) and

lever 1 (7) do not move, feedback lever (12) is
rotated around pin (5) clockwise and spool (3) is
moved to the right. When the notches on spool
(3) and sleeve (2) close thoroughly, the large
the hydraulic oil tank, and servo piston (14) stops
moving.
7. Consequently, the pump delivery flow rate in-
creases according to the control lever stroke
(pressure Pi increase).
T3-1-16
2 3 4 7 8 5 10 11
Pi
14 13 12 9
Housing T117-02-01-012
12
7
4
Supporting Plug
14
13
10
T117-02-01-009
2 - Sleeve 5 - Pin 9 - Pin 12 - Feedback Lever

3 - Spool 7- Lever 1 10 - Pilot Piston 13 - Pin
4 - Pin 8 - Hole 11 - Spring 14 - Servo Piston
T3-1-17
Flow Rate Decreasing Function
1. When a control lever is returned to neutral and

flow rate control pressure Pi is reduced, pilot pis-
ton (10) is moved to the left until pilot piston (10)
balances with spring (11).
supporting plug clockwise.
clockwise and spool (3) is moved to the right.
pressure (P) acts on the large chamber of servo
delivery pressure (P) acts on the small chamber,
Delivery
difference in the pressure receiving areas be- Flow
tween the servo piston ends. Rate
pump displacement angle is reduced so that the
pump delivery flow rate is reduced.
is moved via pin (13). As pilot piston (10) and Flow Rate Control Pressure
lever 1 (7) do not move, feedback lever (12) is T141-03-01-002
rotated around pin (5) counterclockwise and

spool (3) is moved to the left. When the notches
on spool (3) and sleeve (2) close thoroughly, own
pump delivery pressure (P) does not act on the
large chamber of the servo piston (14) and servo
piston (14) stops moving.
creases according to the control lever stroke
(pressure Pi decrease).
T3-1-18
2 3 4 7 5 8 10 11
Pi
14 13 12 9
T117-02-01-013
12
7
4
Supporting Plug
14
13
10
T117-02-01-009
2 - Sleeve 5 - Pin 9 - Pin 12 - Feedback Lever
4 - Pin 8 - Hole 11 - Spring 14 - Servo Piston
T3-1-19
Flow Rate Control (Oil Cooler Fan Motor Drive
Pump)
Pilot oil pressure from EHC valve (SC) is changed 8. As servo piston (14) moves, feedback lever (12)
to flow rate control pressure Pi and sent to the is moved via pin (13). As pilot piston (10) and
regulator according to hydraulic oil temperature. lever 1 (7) do not move, feedback lever (12) is
Therefore, the regulator controls the pump dis- rotated around pin (5) clockwise and spool (3) is
placement angle according to hydraulic oil tem- moved to the right. When the notches on spool
perature. (3) and sleeve (2) close thoroughly, the large
Note: Refer to the SYSTEM / Control System the hydraulic oil tank and servo piston (14) stops
group / Oil Cooler Fan Motor Speed Control. moving.
9. Therefore, as flow rate control pressure Pi from
Slow Speed Medium Speed Fast Speed the pressure-reducing valve increases, pump de-
Rotation livery flow rate increases.
1. When hydraulic oil temperature is lower than 60 10. When hydraulic oil temperature is higher than 80
C (140 F), flow rate control pressure Pi does C (176 F), pilot oil pressure is not reduced as
not act on pilot piston (10) and the pump delivery flow rate control pressure Pi acts and pump de-
flow rate is minimized. livery flow rate increase further.
2. When hydraulic oil temperature is between 60
and 70 C (140 and 158 F) (medium speed 1) or
between 70 to 80 C (158 to 176 F) (medium
speed 2), flow rate control pressure Pi acts on
pilot piston (10).
3. As pressure Pi increases, pilot piston (10) is
moved to the right until pilot piston (10) balances
with spring (11).
supporting plug counterclockwise.
left.
servo piston (14) is connected to the hydraulic oil
tank via spool (3). As own pump delivery pres-
sure (P) acts on the small chamber, servo piston
(14) moves to the left.
T3-1-20
2 3 4 7 8 5 10 11
Pi
14 13 12 9
Housing T117-02-01-012
12
7
4
3
Supporting Plug
14
13
10
T117-02-01-009
2 - Sleeve 5- Pin 9 - Pin 12 - Feedback Lever

4 - Pin 8- Hole 11 - Spring 14 - Servo Piston
T3-1-21
Fast Speed Medium Speed Slow Speed
Rotation
1. When hydraulic oil temperature decreases down
to 75 C (167 F), flow rate control pressure Pi
decreases.
2. When flow rate control pressure Pi is reduced,
pilot piston (10) is moved to the left until pilot pis-
ton (10) balances with spring (11).
supporting plug clockwise.
clockwise and spool (3) is moved to the right.
pressure (P) acts on the large chamber of servo
delivery pressure (P) acts on the small chamber,
difference in the pressure receiving areas be-
tween the servo piston ends.
pump displacement angle is reduced so that the
is moved via pin (13). As pilot piston (10) and
lever 1 (7) do not move, feedback lever (12) is
rotated around pin (5) counterclockwise and
spool (3) is moved to the left. When the notches
on spool (3) and sleeve (2) close thoroughly, own
pump delivery oil pressure (P) does not act on
the large chamber of servo piston (14) and servo
piston (14) stops moving.
creases.
9. When hydraulic oil temperature decreases further
down to 55 C (131 F), flow rate control pres-
sure Pi does not act on pilot piston (10) and the
pump delivery flow rate is minimized.
T3-1-22
2 3 4 7 5 8 10 11
Pi
14 13 12 9
Housing T117-02-01-013
12
7
4
3
Supporting Plug
14
13
10
T117-02-01-009
2 - Sleeve 5- Pin 9 - Pin 12 - Feedback Lever

4 - Pin 8- Hole 11 - Spring 14 - Servo Piston
T3-1-23
Power Decrease Control (Main Pump Only)
1. Power decrease control pressure (Pf) from pro- 6. As servo piston (14) moves, feedback lever (12)
portional solenoid valve (SE) of EHC valve acts is moved via pin (13). As compensating rod (20)
on piston (15). Piston (15) moves compensating and lever 2 (17) do not move, feedback lever (12)
piston (16) and compensating rod (20) to the is rotated around pin (5) counterclockwise and
right until they balance with outer spring (21) and spool (3) is moved to the left. When the notches
inner spring (22). on spool (3) and sleeve (2) close thoroughly, own
2. Compensating rod (20) moves lever 2 (17) via pump delivery pressure (P) does not act on the
pin (24). Lever 2 (17) is rotated around pin (18) large chamber of servo piston (14) and servo
secured in the housing counterclockwise. piston (14) stops moving.
3. As pin (5) installed in feedback lever (12) is in- 7. Therefore, when power decrease control pres-
serted into hole (19) on lever 1 (17), feedback sure (Pf) acts, the pump flow rate and pressure
lever (12) is rotated around pin (13) by lever 2 curve (P-Q curve) varies as illustrated below.
(17) clockwise and spool (3) is moved to the Accordingly, constant torque control (overload
right. prevention operation and flow rate recovery op-
4. When spool (3) is moved, own pump delivery eration) is performed in conformity with the varied
pressure (P) acts on the large chamber of servo P-Q curve.
delivery pressure (P) acts on the small chamber, NOTE: Refer to the SYSTEM / Control System
servo piston (14) moves to the right due to the group / Pump Control.
difference in pressure receiving area between the
servo piston ends.
pump displacement angle is reduced so that the Q
(Flow Rate)
P(Pressure)
T3-1-24
15 2 16 3 17 18 5 19 20 21 22 Pz
Pf
14 13 12 24
Housing 18 T117-02-01-014
24
17
19
20
12
Supporting Plug
3
14
13
T117-02-01-009
2- Sleeve 13 - Pin 17 - Lever 2 21 - Outer Spring

3- Spool 14 - Servo Piston 18 - Pin 22 - Inner Spring
5- Pin 15 - Piston 19 - Hole 24 - Pin
12 - Feedback Lever 16 - Compensating Piston 20 - Compensating Rod
T3-1-25
Power increase Control (Main Pump Only)
1. When power increase control pressure (Pz) from 6. As servo piston (14) moves, feedback lever (12)
proportional solenoid valve (SB) of EHC valve in- is moved via pin (13). As compensating rod (20)
creases, piston (23) moves compensating rod and lever 2 (17) do not move, feedback lever (12)
(20) to the left until they balance with own pump is rotated around pin (5) clockwise and spool (3)
delivery oil pressure (P) acting on compensating is moved to the right. When the notches on spool
piston (16). (3) and sleeve (2) close thoroughly, the large
2. Compensating rod (20) moves lever 2 (17) via chamber of servo piston (14) is not connected to
pin (24). Lever 2 (17) is rotated around pin (18) the hydraulic oil tank and servo piston (14) stops
secured in the housing clockwise. moving.
3. As pin (5) installed in feedback lever (12) is in- 7. Therefore, when power decrease control pres-
serted into hole (19) on lever 2 (17), feedback sure (Pz) acts, the pump flow rate and pressure
lever (12) is rotated around pin (13) by lever 2 curve (P-Q curve) varies as illustrated below.
(17) counterclockwise and spool (3) is moved to Accordingly, constant torque control (overload
the left. prevention operation and flow rate recovery op-
4. When spool (3) is moved, the large chamber of eration) is performed in conformity with the varied
servo piston (14) is connected to the hydraulic oil P-Q curve.
tank via spool (3). As own pump delivery pres-
sure (P) acts on the small chamber, servo piston NOTE: Refer to the SYSTEM / Control System
(14) moves to the left. group / Pump Control.
Q
(Flow Rate)
P (Pressure)
T3-1-26
2 16 3 17 18 19 5 20 21 22 23 Pz
Pf
14 13 12 24
Housing 18 T117-02-01-015
24
17
19
20
12
Supporting Plug
3
14
13
T117-02-01-009
2- Sleeve 13 - Pin 18 - Pin 22 - Inner Spring

3- Spool 14 - Servo Piston 19 - Hole 23 - Piston
5- Pin 16 - Compensating Piston 20 - Compensating Rod 24 - Pin
12 - Feedback Lever 17 - Lever 2 21 - Outer Spring
T3-1-27
Minimum Flow Rate Signal Priority Control
When both pump flow rate increase and decrease

signals arrive at the same time, this regulator oper-
ates so that the priority is given to the flow rate de-
crease signal.
The flow rate and the power decrease / increase

control signal pilot pressure are transmitted to feed-
back lever (12) and spool (3) via hole (8 or 19) on
lever 1 (7) or lever 2 (17), and pin (5).
(Refer to Flow Rate Control and Power Decrease /
Increase Control.)
Pin (5) comes in contact with the small displacement

angle side of hole (8 or 19) on lever 1 (7) or lever 2
(17) so that priority is given to flow rate and power
decrease control.
T3-1-28
3 7 5 8
12
T117-02-01-013
3 17 5 19
T117-02-01-014
3 - Spool 7 - Lever 1 12 - Feedback Lever 19 - Hole
5 - Pin 8 - Hole 17 - Lever 2
T3-1-29
4-UNIT PUMP
Engine power is transmitted to the shaft via the pump The pilot pump, the compressor motor drive pump
transmission. When the shaft is rotated, the four unit and the pump transmission oil pump are gear type
pumps are driven at the same time. The oil cooler fan pumps. When the shaft rotates, the drive gear is ro-
motor drive pump is a swash plate type variable dis- tated and the driven gear is driven. Hydraulic oil
placement plunger pump, the operational principle of drawn into the pump fills the spaces enclosed by the
which is equal to that of the main pump. gear teeth and housing and is delivered to the outlet
port along the inside of the housing.
A B C D
T117-02-01-017
A - Oil Cooler Fan Motor Drive Pump C - Compressor Motor Drive Pump
(Plunger Pump) (Tandem Gear Pump on Pump End Side)
B - Pilot Pump D - Pump Transmission Oil Pump
(Tandem Gear Pump on Transmission Side) (Gear Pump)
Inlet Port
Driven Gear Drive Gear
Housing
Outlet Port
T137-02-03-005
T3-1-30
OUTLINE
The swing device consists of the valve unit, the swing The swing motor is driven by pressure oil from the
motor, and the swing reduction gear. pump and transmits its output to the swing reduction
gear. The swing reduction gear is a planetary gear
type. It converts the swing motor output to slow, large
torque and outputs it to the shaft. The valve unit has a
built-in relief valve which protects the swing circuit
from being overloaded.
Valve Unit
Swing Motor
Swing Reduction Gear
T144-03-02-001
T3-2-1
SWING MOTOR
The swing motor consists of the parking brake section The swing motor is a swash plate type axial plunger
and the motor section. motor.
The major parts of the swing motor are shaft (4),
The parking brake is a wet type multi-disc brake and swash plate (3), shoe (2), plunger (5), rotor (6), valve
consists of friction plate (8) and plate (9). plate (7), housing (1) and the parking brake.
Shoe (2) is crimped on plunger (5), which is inserted
into rotor (6). Rotor (6) is splined to shaft (4).
Parking
Brake
8
6 1
5
2
3 Motor
W117-02-04-005
1 - Housing 3 - Swash Plate 5 - Plunger 7 - Valve Plate
2 - Shoe 4 - Shaft 6 - Rotor 8 - Friction Plate
9 - Plate
T3-2-2
Operational Principle
Swing speed varies according to the amount of oil

delivered to the swing motor. When pressure oil is
delivered to port A, the plungers are pushed and the
shoes slide along the swash plate so that rotational
force is developed. This rotational force is transmit-
ted to the swing reduction gear via the shaft. The re-
turn oil flows back to the hydraulic oil tank from port
B at the opposite side. If pressure oil is delivered
from port B, the motor rotates in the reverse direc-
tion.
Plunger
Shoe
T115-02-03-003
Swash Plate
Shaft
T3-2-3
SWING PARKING BRAKE
The swing parking brake consists of coupling (4), fric- When the pilot shut-off lever is placed in the UNLOCK
tion plate (5), plate (6), piston (2) and spring (1). Cou- position, brake release oil pressure acts on the piston
pling (4) is splined to shaft (3). Plate (6) is splined to chamber. Piston (2) is raised against spring (1).
coupling (4). Friction plate (5) is splined to casing (7). Therefore as, friction plate (5) and plate (6) are re-
When the pilot shut-off lever is placed in the LOCK leased, shaft (3) can rotate.
position, brake release pressure does not act on the
piston chamber. Therefore, piston (2) is pushed by
springs (1). As friction plate (5) and plate (6) are held
together, shaft (3) does not rotate.
1 2 3 4
Piston Chamber
7
Brake Release
Pressure
6 (From Pilot Shut-Off
Valve)
T144-03-02-002
1 - Spring 3 - Shaft 5 - Friction Plate 7 - Casing

2 - Piston 4 - Coupling 6 - Plate
T3-2-4
SWING REDUCTION GEAR
The swing reduction gear is two-stage planetary gear

type. The swing motor shaft rotates first stage sun
gear (7), which is transmitted to second stage sun
gear (5) after rotation speed is reduced between first
stage planetary gear (1) and first stage carrier (6).
Rotation of second stage sun gear (5) is transmitted
to shaft (3) after rotation speed is reduced between
second stage planetary gear (2) and second stage
carrier (4).
1
6
2
5
T18C-03-02-001
1 - First Stage Planetary Gear 3 - Shaft 5 - Second Stage Sun Gear 7 - First Stage Sun Gear
2 - Second Stage Planetary 4 - Second Stage Carrier 6 - First Stage Carrier
Gear
T3-2-5
VALVE UNIT
The valve unit consists of relief valve (2) and make-up When pressure at port AV (BV) increases further,
valve (1). pressure in piston chamber (9) moves piston (6) to
the left and increases spring (5) force.
Relief Valve When piston (6) reaches the stroke end, spring (5)
force stops increasing.
The relief valve prevents the swing circuit pressure When pressure at port AV (BV) increases more than
from increasing over the set pressure when starting spring (5) force, main poppet (4) is opened again
or stopping the swing operation. and pressure oil in port AV (BV) flows to the hydrau-
When pressure at port AV (BV) increases, oil pres- lic oil tank.
sure is routed into piston chamber (9) through orifice Therefore, main poppet (4) is opened in two stages
(3) on main poppet (4) and acts on pilot piston (7). so that shock loads in the circuit are reduced.
When pressure (force) overcomes spring (8) force
and pilot piston (7) moves to the right, pressure in
piston chamber (9) is reduced. The differential pres- Make-up Valve
sure arises between the front and the rear of main
poppet (4). Therefore, if pressure acting on main When the swing motor is driven by inertia force of
poppet (4) overcomes spring (5) force, main poppet the upperstructure when stopping the swing opera-
(4) is opened and pressure oil in port AV (BV) flows tion, the swing motor is rotated more than the stroke
to the hydraulic oil tank. When pilot piston (7) is driven by oil pressure from the pump and causes
moved to the stroke end, the differential pressure cavitations to develop in the swing motor. The
between the front and the rear of main poppet (4) make-up valve draws hydraulic oil from port M (re-
disappears so that main poppet (4) is closed. turn circuit) in order to compensate the lack of oil
feed so that occurrence of cavitations is prevented.
Make-up Circuit
T117-02-02-003
Port AV (BV) To Hydraulic Oil Tank
T3-2-6
Relief Valve
3 4 5 6 7 8
Port AV (BV)
To Hydraulic Oil Tank 9 T117-02-02-004
Make-up Valve
10 11
Makeup Circuit
Port AV (BV) T117-02-02-005
1 - Make-up Vale 4 - Main Poppet 7 - Pilot Piston 10 - Poppet

2 - Relief Valve 5 - Spring 8 - Spring 11 - Spring
3 - Orifice 6 - Piston 9 - Piston Chamber
T3-2-7
(Blank)
T3-2-8
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Valve
OUTLINE
The control valve controls pressure, flow rate and flow The main relief valve is equipped for the control valve.
direction in the main hydraulic circuit. Three control The overload relief valve and the make-up valve are
valves consist of four valve sections. provided in each section as required.
Each spool is operated by pilot oil pressure. NOTE: O/V: Overload Relief Valve
M/V: Make-up Valve
BH: Backhoe
LD: Loading Shovel
O/V: (Right Swing)
O/V: (Bucket Roll-In)
O/V: (BH: Arm O/V: BH: Bucket
O/V: (BH: Arm Roll-Out/ Roll-Out/LD:
O/V: (Boom Roll-In/LD: Bucket O/V: (BH: Arm Roll-In/LD:
LD: Arm Extend O/V: (Boom Arm Extend)
Lower) Tilt-In) Arm Retract)
Raise)
O/V: (Boom Raise)
Machine
Front O/V: (BH: Bucket Roll-Out/LD:
Side M/V: Bucket Close)
Boom Lower
M/V: M/V: M/V: T18C-01-02-006

M/V: M/V: M/V: M/V: (Boom Raise)
(BH: Bucket M/V: (BH: Bucket
(BH: Arm (Boom Raise) (BH: Arm (BH: Bucket
Roll-In/LD: (BH: Arm Roll-In/LD: Roll-Out/LD:
Roll-Out/LD: Roll In/LD:
Bucket Tilt-In) Roll-Out/LD: Bucket Tilt-In)
Arm Retract) Bucket Open)
Arm Extend) Arm Extend)
BH Boom
Bucket Arm Swing Right Travel Boom Arm Bucket Arm LD Boom
Raise/Bucket Tilt-In BH Bucket
Boom Main LD Bucket Open/Close
Relief
Valve Left Travel
Control Valve Control Valve 2 Control Valve

3 (Right) (Center) 1 (Left) Main Relief
Main Relief Valve
Valve
M/V: (BH: Bucket M/V: (BH: Boom T18C-01-02-005

M/V: Roll-Out/LD: Bucket Lower/LD: Bucket
M/V: M/V: (Boom Lower) Tilt-Out) Tilt-In)
(BH: Buket Roll-Out (BH: Arm Roll-In M/V: M/V:
/LD: Bucket Tilt-Out) /LD: Arm Retract) (BH: Arm (BH: Arm
Roll-In/LD: Roll-Out/LD: O/V:
Arm Retract) Arm Extend) (LD: Bucket Close)
M/V:
(Boom Raise)
Machine
Front
Side
O/V:
(Boom Raise) T18C-01-02-007
O/V: (BH: Bucket

O/V: (Left Swing) O/V: (BH: Arm O/V: (BH: Arm Roll-In/LD: Bucket
O/V: (BH: Bucket Roll-In/LD: Arm Roll-Out/LD:
Close)
Roll-Out/LD: Bucket Retract) Arm Extend)
Tilt-Out) O/V: O/V: (BH: Bucket
O/V: O/V: (BH: Boom
(BH: Arm Roll-In Roll-Out/LD:
(Boom Lower) Lower/LD: Bucket
/LD: Arm Retract) Bucket Tilt-Out) Tilt-In)
T3-3-1
PILOT PORT LOCATION
Control Valve 3 (Right) Control Valve 2 (Center) Control Valve 1 (Left)

1 2 3 4 9 10 11 12 17 18 19 20
5 6 7 8 13 14 15 16 21 22 23 24
T18C-01-02-005
NOTE: BH: Backhoe

LD: Loading Shovel
1 - Boom Lower 7 - Arm Roll-In (BH) 13 - Right Travel Reverse 19 - Bucket Roll-Out (BH)
Bucket Open (LD)
2 - Bucket Roll-In (BH) 8 - Left Swing 14 - Boom Lower 20 - Left Travel Forward
Bucket Tilt-In (LD)
3 - Arm Roll-Out (BH) 9 - Right Travel Forward 15 - Arm Roll-In (BH) 21 - Arm Roll-Out (BH)
Arm Extend (LD) Arm Retract (LD) Arm Extend (LD)
4 - Right Swing 10 - Boom Raise 16 - Bucket Roll-Out (BH) 22 - Boom Lower (BH)
Bucket Tilt-Out (LD) Bucket Tilt-In (LD)
5 - Boom Raise 11 - Arm Roll-Out (BH) 17 - Arm Roll-In (BH) 23 - Bucket Roll-In (BH)
Arm Extend (LD) Arm Retract (LD) Bucket Close (LD)
6 - Bucket Tilt-Out (LD) 12 - Bucket Roll-In (BH) 18 - Boom Raise 24 - Left Travel Reverse
Bucket Tilt-In (LD)
T3-3-2
HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT
Backhoe
Control valve 1 (left) controls pressure oil from main The control valve circuit is a combined circuit con-
pumps MP3 and MP4. The spools for the left travel, sisting of tandem circuit and parallel circuit. As the
bucket, boom and arm are arranged from port P in parallel circuit is provided between the bucket and
this order. Control valve 2 (center) controls pressure boom sections in control valve 1 (left), the boom and
oil from main pumps MP1 and MP2. The spools for arm sections in control valve 2 (center), and the arm,
the right travel, boom, arm and bucket are arranged bucket and boom sections in control valve 3 (right),
from port P in this order. Control valve 3 (right) con- the combined operations can be done.
trols pressure oil from main pumps MP5 and MP6.
The spools for the swing, arm, bucket and boom are
arranged from port P in this order.
Right
Bucket Arm Boom Travel
Left Parallel Circuit

Arm Boom Bucket Travel Swing Arm Bucket Boom
P P
Parallel Circuit Parallel Circuit
Control Valve 1 (Left) Control Valve 3 (Right)
MP 3 MP 4 MP 1 MP 2 MP 5 MP 6
T18C-03-03-001
T3-3-3
Loading Shovel
Control valve 1 (left) controls pressure oil from main The control valve circuit is a combined circuit con-
pumps MP3 and MP4. The spools for the left travel, sisting of tandem circuit and parallel circuit. As the
bucket open/close, boom raise / bucket tilt-in and parallel circuit is provided between the bucket
arm are arranged from port P in this order. Control open/close and boom raise / bucket tilt-in sections in
valve 2 (center) controls pressure oil from main control valve 1 (left), the boom and arm sections in
pumps MP1 and MP2. The spools for the right travel, control valve 2 (center) and the arm extend, bucket
boom, arm and bucket are arranged from port P in and boom sections in control valve 3 (right), com-
this order. Control valve 3 (right) controls pressure oil bined operations can be done.
from main pumps MP5 and MP6. The spools for the
swing, arm extend, bucket and boom are arranged
from port P in this order.
Right
Bucket Arm Boom Travel
Boom
Raise/ Bucket
Bucket Open Parallel Circuit Arm
Arm Tilt-In /Close Left Travel Swing Extend Bucket Boom
P P
Parallel Circuit Parallel Circuit
Control Valve 1 (Left) Control Valve 3 (Right)
MP 3 MP 4 MP 1 MP 2 MP 5 MP 6 T18C-03-03-001
T3-3-4
MAIN RELIEF VALVE AND OVERLOAD
RELIEF VALVE
The main relief valve is located between port P (pump

port) and port T (tank port) in order to prevent the
main circuit pressure from rising over the set pressure.
Pressure in port P acts on pilot poppet (7) through ori-
fice (2) in main poppet (1) and orifice (6) in sleeve (5).
If pressure increases over the set pressure of spring
(8), pilot poppet (7) is opened and a small amount of
pressure oil flows to port T through the outer circum-
ference of sleeve (9). At this time, the differential
pressure is developed between port P and spring
chamber (4) due to orifice (2). When the differential
pressure increases and the force acting on main pop-
pet (1) overcomes spring (3) force, main poppet (1) is
opened so that pressure oil in port P flows directly to
port T. When pressure in port P is reduced, main pop-
pet (1) is closed again by spring (3).
The overload relief valve is located between port T

(tank port) and the actuator port in order to prevent
the actuator circuit pressure from rising over the set
pressure. Operational principle of the overload relief
valve is the same as that of the main relief valve.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Port P
Port T
9
T145-02-03-001
1- Main Poppet 6- Orifice

2- Orifice 7- Pilot Poppet
3- Spring 8- Spring
4- Spring Chamber 9- Sleeve
5- Sleeve
T3-3-5
MAKE-UP VALVE
The make-up valve is located between port T (tank

port) and the actuator port. It delivers hydraulic oil
from port T when pressure in the actuator circuit is
reduced lower than the hydraulic oil tank pressure.
Pressure in the actuator port acts on poppet (1). As
poppet (1) is seated onto sleeve (2), pressure oil can-
not flow to port T. When pressure in the actuator port
is reduced lower than the hydraulic oil tank pressure,
pressure oil in port T opens poppet (1) and flows to
the actuator port. When oil pressure in the actuator
port increases again, poppet (1) is closed by pressure
acting on poppet (1) and spring (3) force.
1 2 3
Actuator
Port
Port T
T145-02-03-002
1 - Poppet
2 - Sleeve
3 - Spring
T3-3-6
COMPONENT OPERATION / Control Equipment
OUTLINE
On the previous machines, the spools in the control

valves are moved by pilot pressure oil due to the pilot
valve operation.
On this machine, the spools in the control valves are
moved by the electric lever, ELU and EHC valve (for
electric lever control).
DQR Valve
This Machine
Electric Lever
Spool
Port T
ELU Port P
Pilot
Pump Actuator
From Pilot Shut-Off
Solenoid Valve
Control Valve
Spring
EHC Valve
Spool Main Pump Hydraulic Oil Tank

T18K-03-04-002
Previous Machine
Pilot Valve
Actuator
Control Valve
Spring
Output Port
Spool Main Pump Hydraulic Oil Tank

T18K-03-04-003
T3-4-1
ELECTRIC LEVER
When moving the electric lever, command current is

sent according to the lever stroke by the controller to
ELU.
Boom, Arm, Bucket, Swing
15 to 20 15 to 20
-
+
Controller
To ELU X
T18G-03-04-001
Travel, Bucket Open/Close 12.4 1 12.4 1
Controller
To ELU
T18G-03-04-002
T3-4-2
Boom, Arm, Bucket, Swing
90 2
Short Zone
About 3
50 1.5
10 2
Center
15 to 20
Mechanical Control Angle
2 (Red)
1 (Yellow) 3 (Green)
Short Zone 4 (White) Short Zone
Resistor for Calibration Resistor for Calibration
30 5
Electrical Turning Angle
Total Resistance 2 k 15
+ Direction on Axis XY
T18G-03-04-003
T3-4-3
Travel
(Control Curve: 25±5 C (77±9 F))
Control Torque Output Voltage Ratio

Nm v
100
16.0 VOUT
15.3 2.3 80 7.5
Output
12.0 50 5
Voltage
Ratio
20 7.5
8.0 0
6.5 1.0 12.4 1 0 12.4 1 deg
4.0 T18M-03-04-004
Neutral Switch Voltage

0
12.4 1 0 12.4 1 deg
T18M-03-04-003
deg
T18G-03-04-006
Bucket Open/Close
(Control Curve: 25±5 C(77±9 F))
Control Torque Output Voltage Ratio

Nm v
100
16.0 VOUT
80 7.5
Output
12.0 50 5
Voltage
Ratio
9.3 1.4 20 7.5
8.0
0
12.4 1 0 12.4 1 deg
4.0 T18M-03-04-004
3.9 0.6
0 Neutral Switch Voltage

12.4 1 0 12.4 1 deg
T18L-03-04-001
deg
T18G-03-04-006
T3-4-4
(Blank)
T3-4-5
EHC VALVE (FOR ELECTRIC LEVER
CONTROL)
EHC valve consists of eight proportional solenoid

valves.
EHC Valve (Left Side) EHC Valve (Center Side)
1 2 3 4 9 10 11 12
8 7 6 5 T18K-03-04-001
16 15 14 13 T18L-01-02-023
1 - Auxiliary 5- (BH: Arm Roll-In/LD: Arm 9- Right Travel Forward So- 13 - LD: Bucket Open Solenoid
Retract) Solenoid Valve lenoid Valve Valve
BH: Auxiliary
2 - (BH: Bucket Roll-Out/LD: 6- Boom Raise Solenoid 10 - Left Travel Reverse Sole- 14 - Right Travel Reverse So-
Bucket Tilt-Out) Solenoid Valve noid Valve lenoid Valve
Valve
3 - (BH: Bucket Roll-In/LD: 7- Boom Lower Solenoid 11 - Left Travel Forward Sole- 15 - Left Swing Solenoid Valve
Bucket Tilt-In) Solenoid Valve noid Valve
Valve
4 - (BH: Arm Roll-Out/LD: Arm 8- LD: Bucket Close Solenoid 12 - Auxiliary 16 - Right Swing Solenoid
Extend) Solenoid Valve Valve Valve
BH: Auxiliary

BH: Backhoe
T3-4-6
Proportional Solenoid Valve
The proportional solenoid valve is excited by a cur-
rent signal from ELU and delivers pressure in pro-
portion to current.
When in neutral:
Spool (1) is pushed to the right by spring (2). Output
port (S) is connected to tank port (T3).
When excited:
Solenoid (3) pushes spool (1) to the left in proportion
to current flowing through solenoid (3).
Pilot pressure oil flows to output port (S) from port
(P) and pressure at output port (S) increases.
This pressure at output port (S) acts on stepped
flanges (a) on spool (1).
The right side flange has a larger diameter so that
spool (1) is pushed to the right.
When pressure at output port (S) increases and the
force to push spool (1) to the right overcomes, spool
(1) is moved back to the right. The oil passage from
port (P) to output port (S) is closed.
Then, pressure at output port (S) stops increasing.
T3 S P 1 2 3
a
T107-02-07-005
1 - Spool 2 - Spring 3 - Solenoid
T3-4-7
(Blank)
T3-4-8
COMPONENT OPERATION / DQR Valve
OUTLINE
DQR (Dual Quick Response) valve improves the re- Then, pressure oil from the pilot pump directly is routed
sponse characteristics of the control valve spool when to the control valve spool ends so that the control valve
the control lever is operated. A large amount of pilot spools are moved.
pressure oil is required in order to move the spools in
the maximum 3 units of the control valves. Therefore,
secondary pilot pressure from EHC valve operates
DQR valve.
Pilot Panel (Left Side) Pilot Panel (Center Side)
EHC Valve
EHC Valve
DQR Valve
T18K-03-05-001
DQR Valve
T3-5-1
PORT LOCATION
Pilot Panel (Center Side)
Pilot Panel (Left Side)
26 27 28 29
04
05
03
06 25
02 07 24
08 23
09 22
01 10 21
11 20
18
12 19
17
16
15
14 13
34 33 32 31 30
T18K-03-05-001
1 - (BH: Arm Roll-Out/LD: Arm 10 - Boom Raise Port 19 - Bucket Open Port (LD) 28 - Right Travel Forward Port
Extend) Port (To Control Valve) (To Control Valve) (From EHC Valve)
(From EHC Valve)
2 - BH: Bucket Roll-In/LD: 11 - (BH: Arm Roll-Out/LD: Arm 20 - Right Swing Port 29 - Right Travel Reverse Port
Bucket Tilt-In Port Extend) Port (To Control Valve) (From EHC Valve)
(From EHC Valve) (To Control Valve)
3 - (BH: Bucket Roll-Out/LD: 12 - Bucket Close Port (LD) 21 - Left Swing Port 30 - Left Swing Port
Bucket Open) Port (To Control Valve) (To Control Valve) (From EHC Valve)
(From EHC Valve)
4 - Port T 13 - Port P 22 - Right Travel Reverse Port 31 - Right Swing Port
(From EHC Valve) (From Pilot Pump) (To Control Valve) (From EHC Valve)
5 - Port P 14 - Port T 23 - Right Travel Forward Port 32 - Bucket Open Port (LD)
(To Accumulator) (To Hydraulic Oil Tank) (To Control Valve) (From EHC Valve)
6 - (BH: Bucket Roll-Out/LD: 15 - Bucket Close Port (LD) 24 - Left Travel Reverse Port 33 - Port T
Bucket Open) Port (From EHC Valve) (To Control Valve) (To Hydraulic Oil Tank)
(To Control Valve)
7 - BH: Bucket Roll-In/LD: 16 - (BH: Arm Roll-Out/LD: Arm 25 - Left Travel Forward Port 34 - Port T
Bucket Tilt-In Port Extend) Port (To Control Valve) (From Pilot Pump)
(To Control Valve) (From EHC Valve)
8 - (BH: Arm Roll-Out/LD: Arm 17 - Boom Raise Port 26 - Left Travel Forward Port
Extend) Port (From EHC Valve) (From EHC Valve)
(To Control Valve)
9 - Boom Lower Port 18 - Boom Lower Port 27 - Left Travel Reverse Port
(To Control Valve) (From EHC Valve) (From EHC Valve)

BH: Backhoe
T3-5-2
CONSTRUCTION
DQR valve consists of 7 units of adapter, spool and NOTE: The following figure shows the valve status
spring. when the control lever is in neutral.
A A A A A A A
A A A A A A A
Adapter
Signal Port
(From EHC Valve)
Spool
Port T
(To Hydraulic Oil Tank)
Output Port
(To Control Valve Spool
End)
Plug
Spring
Port P
(From Pilot Pump) Plug
Section
A-A T18K-03-05-002
T3-5-3
OPERATION
In Neutral
1. The spool in DQR valve is kept raised by the
spring so that pressure oil from port P is fully
blocked by the spool.
2. As the output port is connected to port T, pressure
in the output port is equal to that in the hydraulic
oil tank.
3. Accordingly, the control valve is kept in neutral.
In Operation
1. When a control lever is operated, signal pressure
from EHC valve is routed into DQR valve in re-
sponse to the control lever strokes and the spool
is pushed downward.
2. Pilot pump pressure oil from port P passes
through the notch on the spool and flows into the
output port so that pressure in the output port in-
creases.
3. Pressure oil in the output port is also routed into
the spring chamber through the passage in the
spool.
4. As the spool section area on which signal pres-
sure from EHC valve acts and that in the spring
chamber are equal, the spool is raised until
pressure in the spring chamber spring force
2
which is equivalent to 0.15 MPa (1.5 kgf/cm , 21
psi) plus output port pressure balances with the
signal pressure from EHC valve.
5. Therefore, pressure oil in response to the signal
pressure from EHC valve is supplied to the con-
trol valve spool from DQR valve.
6. When the control lever is returned to neutral, the
signal pressure is not supplied to DQR valve from
EHC valve and the DQR valve spool is raised by
the spring force.
7. As, the output port is connected to port T, pres-
sure oil from the control valve spool flows back to
the hydraulic oil tank from port T through the DQR
valve spool.
8. Therefore, the control valve spools are returned to
the neutral position.
T3-5-4
When Control Lever is in Neutral: DQR Spool Position When Control Lever is Operated:
Signal Port
(From EHC Valve)
Spool
Output Port Port T (To Spool

(To the Control Valve Spool) Hydraulic
Oil Tank)
Passage
Output Port
Port P Notch
Port P
(From EHC
Valve)
Spring T18K-03-05-004
T18K-03-05-003
Spring
Spool
Output Port
Port P
T18K-03-05-005
Spring (Set Pressure: 0.15 MPa Spring Chamber
2
(1.5 kgf/cm , 21 psi))
T3-5-5
(Blank)
T3-5-6
COMPONENT OPERATION / Travel Device
OUTLINE
The travel device consists of the travel motor and the

travel reduction gear. The brake valve is installed
separately from the travel motor.
The travel motor is driven by pressure oil from the The brake valve consists of the counter balance valve
pump and transmits rotation to the travel reduction and the relief valve in order to protect the travel circuit
gear. The travel reduction gear is a planetary gear from being overloaded and prevent the machine from
type, converts the motor rotation to a slow large running away on slopes.
torque and rotates the drive tumbler.
Front Side
Brake Valve
Travel Forward
Piping
Travel Reverse
Piping
Travel Mode
Control Piping
Drain Piping
Travel Motor
Travel Reduction Gear Rear Side Travel Reduction Gear
T117-03-01-001
T3-6-1
TRAVEL MOTOR
The travel motor is a swash plate type variable dis-

placement axial plunger motor and equipped with
parking brake (8) and a travel mode control valve. The
major parts of the travel motor are shaft (1), swash
plate (2), shoes (7), plungers (4), rotor (3), valve plate
(5) and housing (6). Shoe (7) is crimped onto plunger
(4) which is inserted into the bore of rotor (3). Rotor
(3) is splined to shaft (1).
2 3 4 5 8
T115-03-02-002
7 6
1 - Shaft 3 - Rotor 5 - Valve Plate 7 - Shoe

2 - Swash Plate 4 - Plunger 6 - Housing 8 - Parking Brake
T3-6-2
Operational Principle
1. Travel speed varies depending on both the
amount of oil supplied to the travel motor and the
displacement angle of the swash plate.
2. When pressure oil is routed into port A on the
valve plate, pressure oil enters one half of the
rotor and pushes the plungers.
3. The plunger pushes the shoe against the swash
plate. As the swash plate is tilted, the shoe slides
along the plate along the plate surface. Therefore,
the rotor rotates.
4. This rotation is transmitted to the reduction gear
via the shaft.
5. As the rotor rotates, the plunger reaches port B
and pressure oil is returned to the hydraulic oil
tank.
6. Whether forward travel or reverse travel depends
on whether pressure oil is supplied to port A or
port B.
Rotor Valve Plate

Port B Port A
Shaft
T115-03-02-003
Plate Shoe Plunger
T3-6-3
TRAVEL MODE CONTROL
Slow Speed
1. Ports PA and PB of the travel mode control valve 5. As main pressure pushes the slow speed side of
are connected to the travel main circuit. When the tilt piston and the displacement angle of the
travel operation either forward or reverse is made, travel motor is turned to the maximum, the travel
main pressure oil passes through port PA or PB, speed is changed to the slow speed mode.
pushes the shuttle and enters port P. 6. Hydraulic oil in the fast speed side of the tilt pis-
2. When the travel mode switch is turned OFF (slow ton is routed into port DR via port SB through the
speed), pilot pressure acts on port PS of the passage in the spool and flows back to the hy-
travel mode control valve after being reduced to draulic oil tank. (Refer to the SYSTEM / Control
2.75 MPa (28 kgf/cm2). System group.)
3. Although the spool is pushed to the right by
pressure from port PS, as the spring force over-
comes, the spool does not move.
4. The main pressure from port PA or PB and acts
on the slow speed side of the tilt piston through
the notch on the spool from port SA.
Spool Pilot Pressure from Pressure Reducing

2
Spring Valve (2.75 MPa (28 Kgf / cm ))
Travel Mode Control Valve
SA SB
PS
DR
PB
Shuttle PA
T141-03-05-007
From Port SA To Port SB

Parking Brake
Tilt Piston
Travel Mode
Control Valve
Tilt Piston Tilt Piston

(Slow Speed (Fast Speed
Side) Side)
Control Valve
T118-03-06-002
T18C-03-05-003
T3-6-4
Fast Speed Mode
1. When the travel mode switch is turned ON (fast 5. Hydraulic oil in the slow speed side of the tilt pis-
speed), pilot pressure acts on port PS of the ton is routed to port DR via port SA through the
travel mode control valve without being reduced. passage in the spool and flows back to the hy-
2. Pilot pressure (force) without being reduced draulic oil tank. (Refer to the SYSTEM / Control
overcomes the spring force so that the spool is System group.)
pushed to the left.
3. Main pressure is routed from port PA or PB to
port SB through the notch on the spool and acts
on the fast speed side of the tilt piston.
4. As main pressure pushes the fast side of the tilt
piston and the displacement angle of the travel
motor is turned to the minimum, the travel speed
is changed to the fast speed mode.
Spring Spool
Travel Mode Control Valve Pilot Pressure from Pressure Reducing
Valve (3.9 MPa (40 kgf / cm 2 )
SA
SB
PS
DR
PB
PA
Shuttle
T141-03-05-008
To Port SA From Port SB
Parking Brake
Tilt Piston
Tilt Piston Tilt Piston

(Slow Speed (Fast Speed
Side) Travel Mode
Side) Control Valve
Control Valve
T18C-03-05-002
T118-03-06-002
T3-6-5
BRAKE VALVE
The brake valve consists of counterbalance valve (10)

and relief valve (11).
When Traveling Circuit Protection

1. When pressure oil from the control valve is 1. If pressure in the circuit increases over the set
routed to port AV, pressure oil flows into port AM pressure, relief valve (11) opens and relieves
after passing through the clearance around spool high pressure oil to the lower pressure side in
(5) and opening check valve (4). order to protect the travel motor from being over-
2. As the returning oil from port BM is blocked by loaded.
check valve (6) and spool (5), it cannot flow to 2. Relief valve (11) buffers shock pressure devel-
port BV. oped by inertia force of the machine when stop-
3. Accordingly, pressure in port AV increases gradu- ping traveling.
ally and acts on chamber (1) through orifice (3), 3. When the travel motor draws hydraulic oil like a
so that spool (5) is moved to the right. pump, check valve (4 or 6) opens and prevents
4. Consequently the returning oil from port BM the occurrence of cavitation (make-up operation)
flows to port BV through the notch on spool (5) in the circuit.
and the travel motor rotates.
When Descending Slope

1. While traveling down slope, the travel motor is
forcibly rotated by the machine own weight, so
that the travel motor draws oil like a pump.
2. When pressure oil in port AM is drawn into the
travel motor, pressure in port AV and chamber (1)
decreases.
3. Therefore, spool (5) is returned to the left, the
returning oil from port BM is restricted so that the
travel motor is braked.
4. Once the returning oil from port BM is restricted,
pressure in port AV increases again and spool (5)
is moved to the right.
5. Then, the machine is prevented from running
away due to this repetition of hydraulic oil braking
operation.
T3-6-6
Control Valve
3 7 10
4 6
11
11
T141-03-05-004
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
AV BV
10
AM BM
11 11
T144-03-05-002
1 - Chamber 4 - Check Valve 7 - Orifice 10 - Counterbalance Valve

2 - Spring 5 - Spool 8 - Spring 11 - Relief Valve
3 - Orifice 6 - Check Valve 9 - Chamber
T3-6-7
PARKING BRAKE
The parking brake consists of coupling (3), friction When the pilot control shut-off lever is in the UNLOCK
plates (1), center plates (2), piston (4) and springs (5). position, pilot pressure acts on port PB. Then, pilot
Coupling (3) is splined to the shaft. Center plates (2) pressure pushes piston (4) against spring (5) and fric-
are splied to coupling (3). Friction plates (1) are tion plates (1) and plates (2) are separated from each
splined to casing (6). Friction plates (1) and center other so that the shaft rotates.
plates (2) are installed alternately one by one. When
the pilot control shut-off lever is in the LOCK position, NOTE: Piston (4) has a thread hole. In emergency,
pilot pressure does not act on port PB. Then, friction install a bolt (M16, Length: 70 mm) into
plates (1) and plates (2) are pushed together by piston (4) through the plug hole on cover
spring (5) via piston (4) so that the shaft does not ro- (7). Then, pull the bolt and raise piston (4)
tate. against springs (5) so that the parking
brake will be released manually.
1 2
Shaft
Plug
Thread
PB
T115-03-02-008
Pilot Pressure
6 5
1 - Friction Plate 3 - Coupling 5 - Spring 7 - Cover

2 - Center Plate 4 - Piston 6 - Casing
T3-6-8
TRAVEL REDUCTION GEAR
The travel reduction gear consists of one stage reduc-

tion spur gear and two-stage reduction planetary gear.
Shaft (1) of the travel motor rotates spur gear (11) via
pinion gear (2). After the first stage reduction takes
place between pinion gear (2) and spur gear (11), first
stage sun gear (7) is rotated via shaft (3). Rotation of
first stage sun gear (7) is transmitted to second stage
sun gear (6) after the second stage reduction takes
place between first stage planetary gear (8) and first
stage carrier (5). Rotation of second stage sun gear
(6) is transmitted to sprocket (10) after the third stage
reduction takes place between second stage plane-
tary gear (9) and second stage carrier (4).
1 2 3
Travel Motor
5
11
10
T18C-03-05-001
1 - Shaft 4 - Second Stage Carrier 7 - First Stage Sun Gear 10 - Sprocket
2 - Pinion Gear 5 - First Stage Carrier 8 - First Stage Planetary Gear 11 - Spur Gear
3 - Shaft 6 - Second Stage Sun Gear 9 - Second Stage Planetary
Gear
T3-6-9
(Blank)
T3-6-10
COMPONENT OPERATION / Others (Upperstructure)
AIR CONDITIONER
The air conditioning system consists of compressor When the engine starts, compressor motor (12) is
motor drive pump (9), compressor motor (12), air con- driven by pressure oil from compressor motor drive
ditioner units (4, 5 and 6), compressors (7, 8 and 13), pump (9). When the air conditioner switch in the cab
condensers (1, 2 and 3), receiver dryers (14, 15 and is turned ON, the compressor clutch is engaged and
16), hot water outlet (10) and hot water return port the compressor is operated and cooling operation
(11). starts.
6 7 8
5
4
9
10
3
2
1 Machine
Front
Side
16 15 14 13 12
11
T18K-03-07-001
1 - Condenser 5 - Air Conditioner Unit (Side) 9 - Compressor Motor Drive 13 - Compressor

(Rear) Pump (Rear)
2 - Condenser 6 - Air Conditioner Unit (Front) 10 - Hot Water Outlet Hose 14 - Receiver Dryer
(Side) (Rear)
3 - Condenser 7 - Compressor 11 - Hot Water Return Hose 15 - Receiver Dryer
(Front) (Front) (Side)
4 - Air Conditioner Unit (Rear) 8 - Compressor 12 - Compressor Motor 16 - Receiver Dryer
(Side) (Front)
T3-7-1
Cooling Operation
The cooling circuit consists of compressor (10), Thermo Sensor Tube
condenser (1), receiver dryer (9), expansion valve Checks air temperature after passing through the
(3), evaporator (5), thermistor (6), thermo sensor evaporator and adjusts the orifice on the expan-
tube (4) and blower fan (2). The circuit is charged sion valve in response to air temperature change
with refrigerant. Air from the fresh and / or circulation in order to control the refrigerant flow rate.
air inlet is sent to evaporator (5) by blower fan (2). As Thermistor
evaporator (5) is cool, air is cooled while passing Stops the compressor if temperature on the fin
through evaporator (5). Then, cooled air is sent into surface of evaporator falls lower than 0 C.
the cab from the vents. Blower Fan
Each component functions as follows: Sends air from the fresh and/or circulation air
Compressor inlet to the evaporator.
Draws and compresses refrigerant from the low
pressure circuit (between the evaporator and the Heating Operation
compressor), then sends it to the condenser. During heating operation, valve (8) is opened so that
(Refrigerant generates heat when compressed.) high temperature engine coolant circulates through
Condenser heater (7). Air from blower fan (2) is warmed as it
Cools hot refrigerant. passes through heater (7) and is sent into the cab
Receiver Dryer from the vents.
Removes moisture from refrigerant and stores
refrigerant. Dehumidifying and Heating Operation
Expansion Valve During dehumidifying and heating operation, the
Atomizes high pressure liquid refrigerant into low cooling and heating systems are operated at the
pressure gas via an orifice. same time. Air from blower fan (2) is cooled and de-
Evaporator humidified at evaporator (5) and air is warmed at
Vaporizes refrigerant and absorbs heat from at- heater (7) before being sent into the cab.
mosphere.
1 2 3 4 5 6
Fresh Air Inlet Vent
Air
Conditioner
Unit
Fresh / Circulation
Air Changeover
Damper
Circulation Air Inlet
Air Mix 8 7
Damper
1 9
From Hot To Hot Water
Water Outlet Return Port
T117-02-05-002
1 - Condenser 4 - Thermo Sensor Tube 7 - Heater 9 - Receiver Dryer

2 - Blower Fan 5 - Evaporator 8 - Valve 10 - Compressor
3 - Expansion Valve 6 - Thermistor
T3-7-2
AUTO-LUBRICATION SYSTEM
The auto-lubrication system automatically lubricates the The auto-lubrication ON / OFF switch has three posi-
front joint pins, swing bearing and center joint. The major tions: Auto / OFF / Manual. When the switch is in the
components of this system are a grease pump, Auto position, greasing is automatically performed at
auto-lubrication solenoid valve, auto-lubrication interval the interval set by the auto-lubrication interval switch.
switch, auto-lubrication ON / OFF switch, pressure When the switch is in the OFF position, greasing is
switch (Auto Lubrication) and pressure switch (Manual not performed. When the switch is in the Manual posi-
Lubrication). tion, the auto-lubrication system is deactivated. How-
ever, greasing can be performed by using a grease
gun.
NOTE: Refer to the SYSTEM / Control System

group as for the system operation.
Lubricator Panel
Grease Tank
Pressure Switch Vent Valve
(Auto Lubrication) Auto-Lubrication
Solenoid Valve
Pressure Switch
Grease
(Manual Lubrication)
Pump
Auto-Lubrication
ON/OFF Switch
M18L-07-015
T146-01-03-026
T18K-03-07-003
T18M-03-07-006
Auto-Lubrication
Interval Switch
T3-7-3
EHC VALVE (FOR MAIN PUMP CONTROL)
EHC valve consists of eight proportional solenoid

valves.
8 1
7 2
6 3
5 4
T18K-03-07-004
1 - Auxiliary 3 - Power Decrease Control 5 - Oil Cooler Fan Control 7 - Power Increase Control
Solenoid Valve
2 - Auxiliary 4 - Main Pump Displacement 6 - Main Pump Displacement 8 - Control Solenoid Valve
Control Solenoid Valve Control Solenoid Valve (LD: No. 1, 2 Main Pump,
(No.5 Main Pump) (LD: No.3, 4, 6 Main Pump, BH: No. 1 Main Pump)
BH: No. 2, 3, 4, 6 Main
Pump)

BH: Backhoe
T3-7-4
Proportional Solenoid Valve
The proportional solenoid valve is excited by a cur- The pressure at output port (5) acts on stepped
rent signal from ELU and MC and delivers pressure flanges (a) on spool (1). The right side flange has a
oil in proportion to the current signal value. larger diameter so that spool (1) is pushed to the
right. When pressure at output port (S) overcomes
When in neutral: force to push spool (1) to the right, spool (1) is
Spool (1) is pushed to the right by spring (2) force moved back to the right and the passage from port
so that output port (S) is connected to tank port (P) to output port (S) is closed. Then, pressure at
(T3). output port (S) stops increasing.
When excited:
Solenoid (3) pushes spool (1) to the left in propor-
tion to the current value flowing through solenoid (3)
Pilot pressure oil flows to output port (S) from port
(P) and increases pressure at output port (S).
T3 S P 1 2 3
a
T107-02-07-005
1 - Spool 2- Spring 3- Solenoid
T3-7-5
OIL COOLER FAN MOTOR
The oil cooler fan motor is a inclined-shaft type, fixed

displacement axial plunger motor. The operational
principle of this motor is the same as the travel motor.
(Refer to the Travel Device group in this manual.)
Drive Disc
Rotor
W118-02-09-002
T3-7-6
ACCUMULATOR
The accumulator is provided in the pilot circuit in order

to buffer fluctuations in oil pressure, and to maintain
pilot pressure for a short time period after the engine
is stopped.
The accumulator mainly consists of body (5), holder
(4), bladder (2), which encloses nitrogen gas (N2),
and poppet (1). 6
1
Pressure oil from the pilot pump enters the

Nitrogen Gas
accumulator through port A. Pilot pressure (N2)
compresses the nitrogen gas in bladder (2) until 5 2
they balance against each other.
4
When pressure oil supply is stopped due to
engine stall or any other reasons, bladder (2)
starts expanding and accumulated oil is supplied Pilot Pressure Oil
to the pilot circuit through port A. 3
T105-02-10-003
1 - Poppet 4 - Holder
2 - Bladder 5 - Body
3 - Oil Port 6 - Gas Plug
T3-7-7
(Blank)
T3-7-8
COMPONENT OPERATION / Others (Undercarriage)
SWING BEARING
The swing bearing supports the upperstructure on the

undercarriage and allows the upperstructure to rotate
smoothly. The bearing is a single-row-ball type bear-
ing and consists of the outer race, the inner race, the
balls and the support seals. The outer race is bolted
onto the upperstructure and the inner race is bolted
onto the undercarriage. The internal gear on the inner
race meshes with the swing reduction gear shaft.
Support Seal
Outer Race
Ball
Inner Race
T144-03-07-001
Support Seal
T3-8-1
ADJUSTER CYLINDER
The adjuster cylinder comprises two pistons. The rear The travel stop pilot valve is installed to the stroke end
piston is a cushion piston to absorb shock loads and of the cushion piston. When the cushion piston is
the front one is an adjuster piston to adjust track sag. moved to the stroke end, the travel stop pilot valve is
The cushion piston stores pressure oil in piston shifted and stops the travel function. (Refer to the
chamber 2. When the cushion piston is pushed by an SYSTEM / Hydraulic System group / travel shock ab-
external load, pressure oil absorbs the shock load. sorption/stop circuit.)
The adjuster piston adjusts track sag according to
grease supplied into piston chamber 1.
Cushion Piston
Adjuster Piston
Operating Pressure
Signal Pressure
to Pilot Pressure
Control Valve
Idler Yoke
Rear Side
Front Side
Travel Stop Pilot

Valve
Grease
T144-03-07-002
Piston Chamber 1 Piston Chamber 2
T3-8-2
ACCUMULATOR
The accumulator consists of the shell, the bladder, the

gas valve and the oil port assembly. Hydraulic oil is
filled in the shell. High-pressure nitrogen gas is sealed
in the bladder. The bladder contracts until the gas
pressure balances with pressure oil from the oil port
assembly.
Oil Port As-

sembly Shell Bladder Gas Valve
T115-03-03-003
T3-8-3
Shock Absorbing / Travel Stop Operation 4. If the external load increases further, relief valve
1. Main pressure from the right travel forward circuit (4) relieves and the cushion piston is moved to
is routed into accumulator (3) and both right and the stroke end. Therefore, travel stop pilot valve
left cushion cylinders (6) after being reduced by (9) is shifted.
pressure reducing valve (2). 5. Pressure oil from travel stop pilot valve (9) shifts
2. When an external load is applied to the front idler, pilot pressure control valve (8).
the cushion piston is pushed so that pressure oil Pressure oil from pilot pressure control valve (8)
in the piston chamber flows into accumulators is converted into electrical signals by the pres-
(3). sure sensor and sent to ELU.
3. The bladder in the accumulator contracts and 6. ELU receives these signals and stops travel func-
absorbs the external load. tion. (Refer to SYSTEM / ELU System / Cushion
Cylinder End Travel Restriction Control.)
Right Travel Forward Circuit
Drain Circuit
Pilot Circuit
PS 1 2
Pressure Sensor
8 4
9 6
1 - Center Joint 4 - Relief Valve 6 - Cushion Cylinder 8 - Pilot Pressure Control Valve
2 - Pressure Reducing Valve 5 - Stop Valve 7 - Grease Fitting 9 - Travel Stop Pilot Valve
3 - Accumulator
T3-8-4
CENTER JOINT
The center joint is a 360 rotating joint. When the

upper structure rotates, the center joint eliminates
twisting of the hoses and allows hydraulic oil to flow
the travel motors. The spindle and the body are se-
cured to the upper structure and to the swing center
on the undercarriage respectively. Pressure oil is
routed into the right and the left travel motors through
the spindle from each oil port on the body. The seals
are installed between the spindle and the body in or-
der to prevent oil leaks from each oil port.
Seal
Body
Spindle
T145-03-02-001
T3-8-5
(Blank)
T3-8-6
MEMO
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Many thanks for your purchase.
Happy every day.
QIWEN YE
file:///C|/Users/yeqiwen/Documents/QIWEN-YE-END.txt[2015/1/28 21:19:45]

To18ke00-Operational Principle PDF

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INTRODUCTION

Each page has a number, located on the center

Consecutive Page Number for Each Group

In this manual, the following safety alert symbol and CAUTION:

Model EX1900-6 Hydraulic Excavator

1- Bucket Cylinder 11 - Center Joint 21 - Counterweight 31 - Lower Roller

1- Bucket 3- Bucket Cylinder 5- Boom Cylinder 6- Boom

1- Shuttle Valve (Travel) 2- Pressure Sensor (Travel)

1- Adjuster Cylinder 3- Relief Valve 5- Center Joint 7- Accumulator (Adjuster

Section A Section B T18K-01-02-029

NOTE: LD: Loading Shovel

Power Source Terminal T146-01-03-023

1- Main Pump 1 4 - Main Pump 4 6- Main Pump 6 8- Rear Swing Motor

1- Contamination Sensor 4 - Contamination Sensor 6- Contamination Sensor 8- Contamination Sensor

1- Fresh Air Temperature 2- Hydraulic Oil Temperature 3- Coolant Pressure Sensor

Control Valve 3 Right Control Valve 2 Center Control Valve 1 Left

Control Valve 1 (Left)

Control Valve 2 (Center)

Control Valve 3 (Right

NOTE: LD: Loading Shovel

1- Pressure Sensor (Arm 2- Pressure Sensor (Arm

Travel Forward Pipe

Travel Reverse Pipe

Travel Speed Selection Pipe

NOTE: LD: Loading Shovel

1- Lock Lever 2- Ladder Limit Switch

Battery Space Lubricator Tank 4

1- Pressure Switch 3 - Auto-Lubrication Selection 5 - Auto-Lubrication Pump 7 - Auto-Lubrication Interval

Manufacturer .......................................................... Cummins Inc.

STARTING ASSIST EQUIPMENT

PERFORMANCE (NEW ENGINE)

Fuel Consumption 0.45 Fuel Consumption

Engine Speed min -1 (rpm)

LTA Radiator Radiator

TRAVEL BRAKE VALVE

OIL COOLER FAN MOTOR

ARM CYLINDER (Loading Shovel) (Backhoe)

BUCKET CYLINDER (Loading Shovel) (Backhoe)

TRAVEL MODE SELECTION SOLENOID VALVE

PILOT SHUT-OFF SOLENOID VALVE

PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE (FOR TRAVEL SPEED SELECTION)

PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE (FOR ADJUSTER)

PILOT PRESSURE SELECTION VALVE (FOR STOPPING TRAVEL)

COOLANT LEVEL SWITCH (FOR LEVEL INDICATOR, FOR WARNING)

AIR FILTER RESTRICTION SWITCH

FUEL LEVEL SENSOR (FOR WARNING)

HYDRAULIC OIL LEVEL SWITCH (FOR WARNING INDICATOR)

PILOT PRESSURE SENSOR (FOR EHC VALVE INPUT PRESSURE DETECTION)

PRESSURE SWITCH (GREASE) (AUTOMATIC LUBRICATION CIRCUIT)

CONTROL LEVER (FRONT ATTACHMENT/SWING)

TRAVEL LEVER (TRAVEL)

CONTROL LEVER (BUCKET OPEN/CLOSE)

Group 3 ELU System

Controllers are arranged by function. They are con-

MC: Main Controller

MMS: Modular Mining System

ECM (C1) ECM (P)

Auto-Idle Control Auto-Lubrication Control

Power Increase Control Oil Cooler Fan Control

Power Decrease Control

Pilot Control Shut-Off

Fuel Fill Indicator Switch