Question 1

P = 150 kN
A cylindrical assembly
consisting of a brass core Aluminium collar
and an aluminium collar is Brass core
compressed by a force of
150 kN. The Young’s
moduli of brass and

350 mm
aluminium are respectively
Ebrass = 100 GPa and EAl =
70 GPa.
Find the forces applied on
the brass core and the 25 mm
aluminium collar.
40 mm
1
 Thinking
P = 150 kN
 Force analysis:
Equilibrium equation of Aluminium collar
Pbrass and PAl Brass core
 Displacement
requirement:
Compatibility conditions

350 mm
of δbrass and δAl
 Force-displacement
relations
Pbrass−δbrass 25 mm
Paluminum−δAl
40 mm
2
 Solution
P = 150 kN
 Equilibrium equation
ΣF = 0 
PAl + Pbrass = P (1)
 Compatibility condition
δAl = δbrass (2) Pbrass

350 mm
PAl
 Force−displacement relations
𝑷𝑨𝒍 𝑳
𝜹𝑨𝒍 = (3)
𝑨𝑨𝒍 𝑬𝑨𝒍
𝑷𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝑳
𝜹𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 = (4)
𝑨𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝑬𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔

Elongation of linear elastic

beam under axial force F
𝑭𝑳
𝜹=
𝑨𝑬
3
 Solution – continued I

• Introduce Eqs. (3) and (4) into Eq. (2):

𝑷𝑨𝒍 𝑳 𝑷𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝑳 𝑨𝑨𝒍 𝑬𝑨𝒍
= 𝑷𝑨𝒍 = 𝑷 (5)
𝑨𝑨𝒍 𝑬𝑨𝒍 𝑨𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝑬𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝑨𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝑬𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔
• Introduce Eq. (5) into Eq. (1):
𝑨𝑨𝒍 𝑬𝑨𝒍
𝑷 + 𝑷𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 = 𝑷
𝑨𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝑬𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔
𝑨𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝑬𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔
 𝑷𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 = ×𝑷 (6)
𝑨𝑨𝒍 𝑬𝑨𝒍 +𝑨𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝑬𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔
• Introduce Eq. (6) into Eq. (5):
𝑨𝑨𝒍 𝑬𝑨𝒍
𝑷𝑨𝒍 = ×𝑷 (7)
𝑨𝑨𝒍 𝑬𝑨𝒍 +𝑨𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝑬𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔

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 Solution − continued II
Aluminium collar
 Parameter values Brass core
P = 150,000 N
𝑬𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝐆𝐏𝐚
𝑬𝑨𝒍 = 𝟕𝟎 𝐆𝐏𝐚
𝟏
𝑨𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 = 𝝅(𝟐𝟓)𝟐 = 𝟒𝟗𝟏 𝐦𝐦𝟐
𝟒
𝟏 𝟏
𝑨𝑨𝒍 = 𝝅(𝟒𝟎)𝟐 − 𝝅 𝟐𝟓 𝟐
𝟒 𝟒
= 𝟕𝟔𝟔 𝐦𝐦𝟐 25 mm
 Introduce parameter values into Eqs.
(6) and (7) to obtain:
40 mm
𝑷𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒔 = 𝟕𝟏, 𝟕𝟎𝟎 𝐍
𝑷𝑨𝒍 = 𝟕𝟖, 𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝐍

5
 Question II

A rigid bar AB is hinged to a support at point A

and supported by two vertical steel wires CF and
DE. Both wires have the same cross-sectional area
A = 18 mm2 and Young’s modulus E = 200 GPa.
A force F = 1500 N is applied
at the end B of the bar.
Determine the tensile
forces in the wires CF
= 0.5 m
and DE.

0.5 m
0.75 m

1.5 m 6
 Thinking

 Force analysis:
Equilibrium equation of
PCF and PDE
 Displacement
requirement:
Compatibility conditions
of δCF and δDE
 Force-displacement = 0.5 m
relations
PCF−δCF
PDE−δDE 0.5 m
0.75 m

1.5 m
7
Solution
PDE

PCF

= 0.5 m
y
Ax
x
Ay
0.5 m
0.75 m

1.5 m
 Equilibrium equation
• ΣMA = 0 
0.5PCF + 0.75PDE − 1500 × 1.5 = 0 (1)
8
 Solution − continued I PDE
PCF

= 0.5 m
 Compatibility
condition
Triangles ACC’ and 0.5 m
ADD’ are similar  0.75 m
𝜹𝑪 𝜹𝑫
= 
𝑨𝑪 𝑨𝑫
𝑨𝑪
𝜹𝑪 = 𝜹
𝑨𝑫 𝑫
𝟎.𝟓
δC
= 𝜹
𝟎.𝟕𝟓 𝑫
δD
𝟐
C’
= 𝜹 (2)
𝟑 𝑫
D’

9
 Solution − continued II PDE
PCF

 Force−displacement = 0.5 m
relations
𝑷𝑪𝑭 𝒉
𝜹𝑪 = (3)
𝑨𝒘𝒊𝒓𝒆 𝑬𝒘𝒊𝒓𝒆 0.5 m
𝑷𝑫𝑬 ×𝟐𝒉 0.75 m
𝜹𝑫 = (4)
𝑨𝒘𝒊𝒓𝒆 𝑬𝒘𝒊𝒓𝒆

Elongation of linear elastic

beam under axial force F
𝑭𝑳
δC
𝜹=
𝑨𝑬
δD
C’

D’

10
 Solution − continued III

 Introduce Eqs. (3) and (4) into Eq. (2):

𝑷𝑪𝑭 𝒉 𝟐 𝑷𝑫𝑬 ×𝟐𝒉 𝟒 𝑷𝑫𝑬 𝒉
= × =
𝑨𝒘𝒊𝒓𝒆 𝑬𝒘𝒊𝒓𝒆 𝟑 𝑨𝒘𝒊𝒓𝒆 𝑬𝒘𝒊𝒓𝒆 𝟑 𝑨𝒘𝒊𝒓𝒆 𝑬𝒘𝒊𝒓𝒆
𝟒
 𝑷𝑪𝑭 = 𝑷𝑫𝑬 (5)
𝟑
 Introduce Eq. (5) into Eq. (1):
𝟒
0.5 × 𝑷𝑫𝑬 + 0.75PDE = 1500 × 1.5
𝟑
𝟒
 𝟎. 𝟓 × + 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓 𝑷𝑫𝑬 = 𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟎
𝟑
𝟏. 𝟒𝟏𝟔𝟕𝑷𝑫𝑬 = 𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟎
 𝑷𝑫𝑬 = 𝟏𝟓𝟖𝟖 𝐍
 Using Eq. (5)  𝑷𝑪𝑭 = 𝟐𝟏𝟏𝟕 𝐍

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