SINERGI Vol. xx, No.

x, October 20xx: xxx-xxx

DOAJ: doaj.org/toc/2460-1217
DOI: doi.org/10.22441/sinergi.xxxx.xx.xxx .

COMPARISON ANALYSIS BETWEEN AES, DES, AND DSS

CRYPTOGRAPHY ALGORITHM
Fernando Setiawan, Linna Oktaviana Sari, ST., MT
Informatics Engineering Study Program, Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,
University of Riau
Jl. HR. Soebrantas KM 12.5, Simpang Baru, Panam, Pekanbaru, Riau 28293
Email: Fernando.setiawan5863@student.unri.ac.id, Linnaoasari@lecturer.unri.ac.id

Abstract - Reviewing the rapid development of various multimedia technologies, there will be more
multimedia data which will be generated and transmitted, the internet also allows extensive distribution
of digital media data. Now it is much easier to edit, modify and duplicate digital information. Besides
that, digital documents are also easy to distribute. Therefore, there will be many threats that will be
faced. Therefore, to find the right data protection data that includes sensitive information that should
not be accessible to the public or can only be a user who can use it, so now, security is an alternative
way best to guarantee security. What's more, many image encryption schemes have been proposed,
each algorithm has its own strengths and weaknesses. Many methods can be done in improving data
security including Advance Encryption Standard, Data Encryption Standard and Decision Support
System. This study will compare the method. From the results of Comparison 3, this method is better
to use the AES algorithm, because the AES algorithm requires less encryption time and description
than the DES and DSS algorithms.

Keywords: Data Security; Advance Encryption Standard; Data Encryption Standard; Decision Support
System.

INTRODUCTION techniques used to improve the security aspects

Digital imagery is often used in presenting
various information in it, therefore digital image
can be important if the digital image has valuable
information, and can be personal, because
basically the information data in the form of digital
images is needed compared to the data of the
nature text and used in various fields such as
security, medical, science, engineering, arts,
entertainment, education and training
advertisements. With the increasing use of digital
techniques for the transmission and storage of
digital images, it does need to be considered.
This is because the confidentiality of information
is very important and personal, because of data
theft, and attacks on data in the form of digital
images that can directly or indirectly cause
various problems that can have a serious impact
on illegal, social and economic issues, because
not all existing information is made for
consumption in general. Cases that often occur
are photo engineering or photo distribution
illegally, of course this is detrimental to the
owner, so that a security from interested sources
is needed which certainly produces a product in
the form of digital image.
Cryptography is basically the science of
applying mathematics to encrypt data and
decrypt data. Cryptography is one of the
of information. Cryptography is the study of
science and art to maintain a message or data
information so that the data is safe. Cryptography
supports the needs of two information security
aspects, namely secrecy (protection of the
confidentiality of information data) and
authenticity (protection against counterfeiting and
changing unwanted information).
A good cryptographic algorithm will take a
long time to decode data that has been encoded.
Along with the development of computer
technology, the world of information technology
requires a stronger and safer cryptographic
algorithm.
Cryptography is the art and science of
protecting unwanted individual information by
turning it into a form that is not recognized by the
attacker as long as the data is stored and
transmitted.
Cryptographic data mainly changes the contents
of data, such as text, images, audio, video and so
on to be used as unreadable, invisible or
incomprehensible data during transmission or
storage called Encryption. The main purpose of
cryptography is to maintain the security of the
form of data from invalid attackers. The opposite
of data encryption is Decryption data.

Fernando Setiawan, Comparative Analysis of AES, DES andDSS Cryptography 1


Original data that will be sent or stored is
called plaintext, which is data that can be read
and understood by people or computers.
Whereas unreadable data, whether by humans or
machines is called a cipher text. A system or
product that provides encryption and decryption
is called cryptography. Cryptosystems use
encryption algorithms that determine how simple
or complex the encryption process is, the
required software components, and keys (usually
bit string lengths), which work with algorithms to
encrypt and decrypt data.
The security level of an encryption
algorithm depends on the size of the key length.
The larger the length of the main key, the more
time it takes the attacker to do a complete search
of the length of the main key, and thus the higher
the level of security. In the encryption process, a
key is a piece of information (a value consisting
of a large sequence of random bits) that
determines certain changes from the plaintext to
ciphertext, or vice versa during the decryption
process, which is a range of values that can be
used to assemble keys. Larger key lengths can
be built (for example this time using key sizes of
128,192, or 256 bits. The strength of the
encryption algorithm depends on the secrecy of
keys, key lengths, initialization vectors, and how
they are all shared. Symmetrical cryptography
algorithms use symmetrical keys (also called
secret key) or asymmetric algorithms use
asymmetric keys (also called public key and a
private key.)
and along with advances in information
technology, software (software) is also
experiencing rapid growth as their decision
support systems is one example of algorithm
programming Knowledge-based With the
advancement of information technology from year
to year the world of banking has also
experienced very rapid progress from year to
year, according to Gorry and Scoot Morton
(1997) decision support systems are "Interactive
computer based system, which help decision
makers utilize data and model to solve
unstructured problems ". While Keen and Scoot
Morton (1998) provide another definition, namely
"decision support systems that are capable of
improving the quality of decision. It is a computer
based support system of management decision
makers who deal with semi structured.
METHODS
In this study, there are several methods
that will be compared, along with the explanation.
Fernando Setiawan, Comparative Analysis of AES, DES andDSS Cryptography
ISSN: 1410-2331
AESAlgorithm Method (Advanced Encryption
Standard)
a. Data Representation The
input and output of the AES algorithm
consists of a data sequence of 128 bits. The
sequence of data that has been formed in one
128-bit group is also called a data block
orplaintext which will be encrypted into ciphertext.
Thecipher key AESconsists of a key with 128
bits, 192 bits, or 256 bits. The sequence of bits is
numbered from 0 to n-1 where n is the sequence
number. The sequence of 8 bits of data in
sequence is called a byte where this byte is the
basic unit of the operation to be performed on the
data block.
b. Encryption
The encryption process in the AES
algorithm consists of 4 types of bytes
transformation, namely SubBytes, ShiftRows,
Mixcolumns, and AddRoundKey.
At the beginning of the encryption process, the
input that has been copied into the state will
undergo a byte transformation AddRoundKey.
After that, the state will undergo repeated
SubBytes,
ShiftRows, MixColumns, and AddRoundKey
transformations as much as Nr. This process in
the AES algorithm is called a round function.
The lastsomewhat different from round
istheround-round previouswhere in the round
last, the state does not undergo MixColumns
transformation.
The Data EncryptionAlgorithm method is
Standard (DES)
DESincluded in the symmetry
cryptography system and belongs to thetype
cipher block. DES operates on a block size of 64
bits. DES encrypts 64 bit plaintext into 64 bit
ciphertext by using 56internal keysor up-keys
(subkeys). The internal key is generated from
an(external keyexternal key) that is 64 bits long.
The global scheme of the DES algorithm is as
follows:
1. The plaintext block is mutated with thematrix
initial permutation(initial permutation or IP).
2. The initial permutation results areenciphered
16 times (16 rounds). Each round uses a
different internal key.
3. The enciphering results are then mutated with
a reverse permutation matrix (inverse initial
permutation or IP-1) into a block of ciphertext.
In theprocess enciphering, the plaintext block is
divided into two parts, left (L) and right (R), each
2

of which is 32 bits long. These two parts enter
into 16 rounds of DES.
At each round i, block R is the
input for the transformation function called f. At
function f, block R is combined withinternal key
Ki's. The output from the function f is XORed with
block L to getblock R. the newWhileblock L the
newis taken directly from theblock R.
previousThis is a round of DES.
a. Enciphering
The process of enciphering the plaintext
block is carried out after initial permutation. Each
plaintext block experiences 16 timesrounds
enciphering. Eachround enciphering is a Feistel
network that is mathematically expressed as:
Li = Ri - 1
Ri = Li - 1 f(Ri - 1, Ki)
E is an expansion function that
extends the Ri - 1 32-bitblock to a 48-bit block .
The expansion function is realized by
permutation matrix expansion. Next, the output of
expansion, which is E(Ri - 1), whose length is 48
bits XORed with Ki whose 48-bit length produces
vector A with a 48-bit length:
E(Ri - 1) Ki = A
Vector A grouped into 8 groups, 6 each bits, and
become input to the process substitution. The
substitution process is done by using eight pieces
(S-boxS-box), S1 to S8. Every the S-box accepts
6 bits and produces 4 bit output. Group The first
6-bit uses S1, the second 6-bit group uses S2,
etc.
b. Decryption
The decryption process of ciphertext is
the opposite of the encryption process. DES uses
the same algorithm for the encryption and
decryption process. If in the encryption process
the order of internal keys used is K1, K2, ..., K16,
then in the decryption process the key sequence
used is K16, K15, ..., K1. For each round of 16, 15,
..., 1, output in
each round deciphering is:
Li = Ri - 1
Ri = Li - 1 f(Ri - 1, Ki)
In this case,(R16, L16)is block initial input for
deciphering. The block (R16, L16) is obtained by
mutating the ciphertext with the permutation
matrix IP-1. The pre-output of
deciphering is (L0, R0). With initial IP permutation
the original plaintext block will be recovered.
Review the internal key generation process.
During deciphering, K16 is generated from (C16,
D16) with PC-2 permutations. Of course (C16, D16)
cannot be obtained directly at the beginning of
deciphering. But because (C16, D16) = (C0, D0),
Fernando Setiawan, Comparative Analysis of AES, DES andDSS Cryptography
ISSN: 1410-2331
K16 can be generated from (C0, D0) without the
need to shift bits. Note that (C0, D0) is the bits of
the external key K given by the user at the time of
decryption. Next, K15 is generated from (C15, D15)
which (C15, D15) is obtained by shifting C16 (which
is equal to C0) and D16 (which is equal to C0) one
bit to the right. The rest, K14 to K1 are produced
from (C14, D14) to (C1, D1). Note that (Ci - 1,Di - 1)
is obtained by shifting Ci and Di in the same way,
but theleft shift ischanged to theright shift.
Method Decision Support System
In 1970, Scoot Morton conveyed the main
concepts of decision support systems. He
defined Decision Support Systems as:
"Interactive computers based on systems that
can assist in decision making using data and
models for problem solving" (Gorry and Scoot
Morton, 1971).
Another definition of decision support
systems according to Keen and Scoot Morton
(1978) is: "Decision Making System uses
intellectual individual resources with the ability of
computers to improve the quality of decisions.
This is the use of computers based on a support
system for management of decision makers
dealing with problems. half structured. "
Each part of this definition has a key concept that
contributes to the unique character of the
decision support system. Decision support
system is a computer-based system that adds
technology in it, so that it can assist in decision
making.
Components of Decision Support Systems
A decision support system has three main
subsystems that determine the technical
capability of the decision support system, namely
the database management subsystem, the model
base management subsystem, and the dialogue
organizer software subsystem.
3

Figure 1. Components ofDecision Support
Systems between
COMPARISONAES AND DES
In the table below a comparative study
between DES and AES is presented in nine
factors, namely key length, ciphertext type, block
size, development, resistance to cryptanalysis,
security, possible keys, possible ACSII character
keys that can be displayed, time taken to check
all possible key.
CONCLUSIONS
In this journal presented a Comparative
study between DES and AES and DSS. With a
theoretical comparison, experimental analysis
and comparison of DES and AES algorithms.
Based on the text file used and the experimental
results it can be concluded that:
Fernando Setiawan, Comparative Analysis of AES, DES andDSS Cryptography
ISSN: 1410-2331
1. AES algorithm requires less encryption
and decryption time than the DES
algorithm. so a more efficient comparative
study of the AESalgorithm
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