Prepared By Dr.

Rupa Dey
rdschemistry@gmail.com
8638155244/9854813489

Group Theory
Inorganic Chemistry
B.Sc. Chemistry (H)
Point Groups & Their Symmetry Elements
Point Group Symmetry Elements
C1 E
Cs E, σ
Ci E, i
C2 E, C2
C3 E, C31, C32
C4 E, C41, C42=C2, C43
C5 E, C51, C52, C53, C54
C6 E, C61, C62= C3, C63= C2, C64= C32, C65
C2v E, C2, σv, σ2v
C3v E, C31, C32, σv, σ2v, σ3
C4v E, C41, C42= C2, C43, σv, σ2v, σ3v, σ4v
C5v E, C51, C52, C53, C54, 5σv
C6v E, C61, C62=C3, C63=C2, C64=C32, C65, 6σv
Cαv E, Cα, infinite number of σv
C2h E, C2, σh, i
C3h E, C31, C32, σh, S31, S53
C4h E, C41, C42=C2, C43, σh, S41, S43
C5h E, C51, C52, C53, C54, σh, S51, S53, S55, S57, S59
C6h E, C61, C62= C3, C63= C2, C64= C32, C65, σh
D2 E, C2, C2´, C2´´ (3 C2 axes are perpendicular to each other)
D3 E, C31, C32, (C32)´, (C32)´´
D2h E, C2, C2´, C2´´, 2σv, 2σh, S2=i
D3h E, C31, C32, 3C2 perpendicular to C3, σh, 3σv
D4h E, C41, C42=C2, C43, 4 C2 perpendicular to C4, σh, 4σv
D5h E, C51, C52, C53, C54, 5 C2 perpendicular to C5, σh, 5 σv
D6h E, C61, C62= C3, C63= C2, C64= C32, C65, 6 C2 perpendicular to C6, σh, 6σv, i
Dαh E, Cα, infinite number of C2, σh, infinite number of σv, i
D2d E, 2σd, 3 mutually perpendicular C2
D3d E, C31, C32, 3 C2 perpendicular to C3, 3σd, i
D4d E, C41, C42= C2, C43, 4 C2 perpendicular to C4, 4σd,
D5d E, C51, C52, C53, C54, 5 C2 perpendicular to C5, 5σd, i
D6d E, C6, C62=C3, C63= C2, C64=C32, C65, 6C2 perpendicular to C6, 6σd
Td E, 8 C8, 3 C2, 6σd
Oh E, 6C4, 3C42= C2, 8 C3, 6 C2, 3σd
Ih E, 12C51, 12 C52, 20 C3, 15 C2, 15σh,i
C1, Cs, Ci are considered as low symmetry point group.