INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter is divided into sections that include the background to the
study, the statement of the problem, objectives, significance of the study, research
questions, scope and the limitations of the study.
The main objectives of the study is to assess the quality of guidance and
counseling services in secondary schools in Sokoto metropolis.
For the purpose of this study or research work, the research question are
drawn as follows:-
The result from the study will help in throwing more light on how guidance
and counseling services is being implemented in secondary schools in Sokoto and
the quality of guidance services received by secondary school students. In
addition, it will provide information to education planners and school
administrations on their responsibility in providing adequate facilities for
guidance and counseling services lii order for students to receive quality
guidance. It will also reveal the extent to which guidance and counseling services
influence the total development of the potentials and proper adjustment of
secondary school students.
2.1 INTRODUCTION
Guidance and Counseling has been an age long affair in Nigeria dating
from the time of our ancestors until the present times. However, it was only in
1959 that it become professionalized. Guidance and Counseling is an essential
tools for effective interpersonal relationship for self understanding as well as
equitable adjustment to one’s environment. In support of this, Olayinka {1986)
saw it as encompassing the full range of personalized assistance given to the
individual seeking to expand his self-understanding and his understanding of
others. The guidance and counseling as an assessment of the quality teaching
profession is one that is unique and of immense importance to humankind
{Egbochuku and Iyamu, 2000).
Egbochuku and lyamu (2000) opined that guidance would enable the
individuals to answer questions as: who am I? What am I capable of doing How
can I fit into my society? How can I maximally use the opportunities within my
environment to achieve my life goals?
M ETHODOLOGY
3.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter describes the method employed in analyzing the data. The
purpose of such an investigation is to provide data by means of statistics so that
we may infer certain meanings, which lie hidden within the data, or if not to
discern the presence of certain potentials and dynamic forces, which may guise a
clue to an area that warrant further investigation.
3. 2 RESEARCH DESIGN
Two sets of data were used for the research. Primary and secondary data.
Primary data were obtained through the administration of a structured
questionnaire while secondary data were obtained through a review of relevant
books, other relevant documents.
3.4 POPULATION
3.5 INSTRUMENTATION
In this research, the questionnaire was the main instrument used for data
collection. Items included in the questionnaire were used to elicit information on
quality of guidance and counseling service in schools.
The simple random sampling technique was used L0 select five senior secondary
schools for the study. From each of the selected schools, 20 students were
sampled. The simple random sampling technique was used to select teachers and
20 staff of the ministry of education were sampled to arrive at a total of
respondents. However, 150 questionnaires were returned and analyzed, 94, 38
teachers and 180 officials from the ministry of education.
4.1 INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, results of the study are presented. The study covered staff
of Ministry of Education, staff and students of some selected secondary schools.
The chapter covered availability of counseling services in schools, availability of
instructional materials and availability of training programmes for guidance and
counseling personnel in our schools.
Students’ Responses
Table 1.
Table 1 shows13.83% of student who were respondents in this study agreed that
counseling service were available and adequate in their respective schools.
However 86.17% of the respondents were of the view that the services though
available were not adequate. This shows that adequate counseling services were
not available in most secondary schools in Sokoto metropolis. Likewise this had
seriously affected the students since the improvements expected in terms of
students’ performance as well as improvement in moral behaviours as a result of
adequate counselling services were missing.
Total 94 100
Table 3 shows that 84.04% of the respondents were of the view that guidance and
counselling personnel in their schools did not attend any training in the area of
guidance and counselling. Only 15 95% of the respondents agreed that guidance
and counseling personnel in their schools attended one form of training or
another. This shows that majority of guidance and counseling officers in
secondary schools in Sokoto metropolis did not enjoy or attend any form of
training in guidance and counseling.
These refer to all facilities required to carry out guidance and counseling
Availability of
instructional materials
Adequate instructional 8 21.05
materials
Instructional materials 30 78.95
not adequate
Total 38 100
Source: Field survey 2010
Table 4 shows that majority of the respondents 78.95% agreed with the opinion
that there were no enough instructional materials in their respective schools.
However 21.05% agreed that the instructional materials were adequate. This
clearly Shows that, even though there were instructional materials in the schools,
they were not adequate which adversely affected the performance of the students.
Table 6, shows that 73.68% were of the opinion that the counselors provided
proper counselling services in their respective schools. While 26.32% were of the
counselling services provided by counselors in theirs respective schools were
inadequate. This implied that, those schools that had counselors, were able to
provide proper counselling services to students, but most schools were without
counselors.
OFFICIAL RESPONSES
In this respect, it was verified that the Ministry of Education has been
sending staff to be trained as counselors. The result is presented in Table 8.
Table 8, shows that fifty percent of the respondents were of the opinion that there
were enough training programmes for the counselors in the Ministry of Education
and the same percentage also believed that the training programmes were not
adequate.
4.11 Availability of funds
As shown in Table 9, 83.33% of the respondent were of the opinion that the
Ministry of Education had enough funds to train counselors and provide guidance
and counseling facilities. Only 16.67% were of the opinion that the Ministry of
Education had no enough funds for training and the provision of facilities.
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary
This research project was carried out to assess the realities of guidance and
counseling services in providing adequate guidance for secondary schools in
Sokoto metropolis. In order to achieve this, five secondary schools were taken as
sample and questionnaire were administered.
5.3 Conclusion
The research so far has brought light to some of the challenges and
hindrances that cause the poor performance of guidance and counseling in our
Secondary schools. It is against this reasoning that some recommendations which
eventually will go a long way to bring improvement in the operation of counseling
services were made. Therefore, the recommendations made are as follows:
All facilities needed by the school counselors which will enable them to
carry out quality guidance and counselling services in the schools should be
provided. Some of these are; accommodation, bookshelves, tables with drawers,
cupboards for storing pamphlets, finance, time and psychological test materials
etc.
Schools.
Arbuckle, et aL. 1966. “Pupils' personnel services in the modern school”. Boston:
Allyn and Bacon Inc.
Egochuku E.O. and E.O.S. Iyamu 2000. “Teachers and students’ perception of
guidance and counseling service in Nigerian secondary schools”. Journal
of Nigerian Educational Research Association 14:pp50 -56
Herr, E. A. 1979. “Guidance and counseling in the schools: The past, present and
future". Falls Church, VA: American personnel and guidance association.
Ipaye, t. 1983, "Guidance and Counseling Practices’. Ile-Ife: University of Press.
Mallum, M.P. 1988. “The odyssey of counselling in Nigeria and the images of
the future”. The Counsellor, (8), pp 143-148.
Oladele, J.O. 1987. “Guidance and Counseling a functional approach”; (3rd ed)
“focus on the 6 - 3 - 3 - 4 educational system”. Akoka, Yaba, Lagos:
Johns - Lad Publishers Ltd.
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APPENDIX 11
SHEHU SHAGARI COLLEGE OF EDUCATION IN AFFILIATED WITH
AHMADU
BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA.
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR STUDENTS
The study soughtm assess the nuaiity nr guidance and counseling services in
secondary school in sokoto metrupolis.
Vour respnnse will be of immense importance tn the Success of the
study and will be with an confidentiality. It is hope that you will nnt hesitate
tn answer the questions correctly.
1. Are there enough counselors send from Ministry or Education
Yes ( )7 Nw ( )
1. HEVB the ministry heel] sending adequahe instructional material to the
schonl counselors.
Ve5( )1 "B ( )
2. Are there enough training program for guidance and counseling stafl.
ves( ), No ( )
u
APPENDIX III
SHEHU SHAGARI COLLEGE OF EDUCATION IN AFFILIATED WITH
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA.
QUEFIIUNNAIRE FOR TEACHERS AND PRINCIPALS
The study sought to assess the quality uf guidance and counseling seivices in
secondary school ill 50k0h) metropolis.
Your response will be of immense inlportance to the success of the
study and Will he with all confidentiality. It i§ hope that you Will not hesitate
lo answer the questions correctly.
1. Are there enough instructional material for guidance and counselors in
the school?
Y¢§( )1N0()
2. ls there enough training program for school counselors.
Ye5( )1 N0( )
3. Is there any Provision ofproper counseling in your schoul?
"§( )1 N0 ( )