NERACA MASSA PRA RANCANGAN PABRIK TRIMETIL BORAT DARI ASAM

BORAT DAN METANOL

KAPASITAS 30.000 TON/TAHUN

Reaksi : H3BO3 + 3 CH3OH --------------- B(OCH3) + 3 H2O

Konversi : 70 %

Perbandingan mol : 1 mol : 3 mol

Umpan : H3BO3 = 99% impuritis 1%H2O

CH3OH = 99% impuritis 1%H2O

Reaksi :

H3BO3 + 3 CH3OH B(OCH3)3 + 3 H2O

Awal : 100 + 300 0 + 0

Reaksi : 70 + 210 70 + 210

Sisa : 30 + 90 70 + 210
1. REAKTOR
Komposisi Masuk Reaktor
H3BO3 masuk reaktor = 100 kmol/jam
= 100 kmol/jam x 61 kg/kmol
= 6100 kg/jam

1
H2O terkandung dalam H3BO3 = 6100 kg/jam x 99 %

= 61.6162 kg/jam : 18 kg/kmol

= 3.4231 kmol/jam

CH3OH masuk reaktor = 300 kmol/jam

= 300 kmol/jam x 32 kg/kmol
= 9600 kg/jam

1
H2O terkandung dalam CH3OH = 9600 kg/jam x 99 %

= 96.9697kg/jam : 18 kg/kmol
= 5.3872 kmol/jam

Katalis H2SO4 = 0.5% dari massa reaktan

Umpan masuk katalis dalam reaktor = 0,5% x (masaa H3BO3 + massa CH3OH)
= 0.5% x (6100 + 9600) kg/jam
= 78.5 kg/jam : 98 kg/kmol
= 0.8010 kmol/jam
Kemurnian H2SO4 :
H2SO4 = 98%
H2O = 2%
Kadar H2O
Umpan H2O dalam H2SO4 = Kadar H2SO4x Massa H2SO4
2%
= 98 % x 78.5 kg/jam

= 1.6020 kg/jam : 18 kg/kmol

= 0,0890 kmol/jam
Total H2O umpan masuk reaktor = Umpan H2O dalam H2SO4 + Umpan H2O dalam
CH3OH + Umpan H2O dalam H3BO3
= (1.6020 + 61.6161 + 96.9697) kg/jam
= 160.1879 kg/jam : 18 kg/kmol
= 8.8993 kmol/jam

Tabel 3. Neraca massa masuk reaktor

Masuk
Komponen
Kmol/Jam Kg/Jam
H3BO3 100 6100
CH3OH 300 9600
B(OCH3)3 - -
H2O 8.8993 160.1879
H2SO4 0.8010 78.5
Total 409.7003 15938.6879

Komposisi keluar reaktor

Umpan H3BO3 keluar reaktor = H3BO3 masuk x (1-xA)
= 100 kmol/jam x (1- 0,70)
= 30 kmol/jam x 61 kg/kmol
= 1830 kg/jam

Umpan CH3OH keluar reaktor = CH3OH masuk–(H3BO3bereaksi x koefisien )

1
= [300 – (70 x 3)] kmol/jam

= 90 kmol/jam x 32 kg/kmol
= 2880 kg/jam

B(OCH3) 3terbentuk = CH3BO3 masuk x konversi

= 100 kmol/jam x 0,70
= 70 kmol/jam x 103 kg/kmol
= 7210 kg/jam
 H2O terbentuk = H3BO3 terbentuk x koefisien

1
= 70 kmol/jam x 3

= 210 kmol/jam x 18 kg/kgmol

= 3780 kg/jam

Total H2O keluar reaktor = H2O masuk + H2O terbentuk

= (8.8993 + 210) kmol/jam x 18 kg/kmol
= 3940.1879 kg/jam
Tabel 4. Neraca Massa di Reaktor
Masuk Keluar
Komponen
Kmol/Jam Kg/Jam Kmol/Jam Kg/Jam
H3BO3 100 6100 30 1830
CH3OH 300 9600 90 2880
B(OCH3)3 - - 70 7210
H2O 8.8993 160.1879 218.8993 3940.1879
H2SO4 0.8010 78.5 0.8010 78.5
Total 409.7003 15938.6879 409.7003 15938.6879

2. NETRALIZER
Reaksi yang terjadi di Netralizer:
Reaksi : H2SO 4 + 2NaOH Na2SO 4 +2H2O
Komposisi masuk netralizer
Umpan H3BO3 masuk netralizer = H3BO3 keluar reaktor
= 30 kmol/jam

Umpan CH3OH masuk netralizer = CH3OH keluar reaktor

= 90 kmol/jam

Umpan B(OCH3)3 masuk netralizer = B(OCH3)3 keluar reaktor

= 70 kmol/jam

Umpan H2SO4 masuk netralizer = H2SO4 keluar reaktor

= 0.8010 kmol/jam
Asumsi Konversi : 100%
Kebutuhan NaOH:
Reaksi : H2SO 4 + 2NaOH Na2SO 4 + 2H2O
Awal : 0.8010 + 1.6020 0 + 0
Bereaksi : 0.8010 + 1.6020 0.8010 + 1.6020
Sisa : 0 + 0 0.8010 + 1.6020

NaOH yang dibutuhkan = 1.6020 kmol/jam x 40 kg/kmol

= 64.0816 kg/Jam

Kemurnian NaOH:
NaOH = 48%
H2O = 52%
Kadar H2O
Umpan H2O dalam NaOH = Kadar NaOHx Massa NaOH
52
= 48% x 64.0816 kg/jam

= 69.4217 kg/jam : 18 kg/kmol

= 3.8567 kmol/jam

Total Umpan H2O masuk netralizer = H2O keluar reaktor + H2O impuritis NaOH
= (218.8993 + 3.8567) kmol/jam
= 222.7561 kmol/jam x 18 kg/kmol
= 4009.6097 kg/jam

Tabel 5. Massa masuk Netralizer

Masuk
Komponen
Kmol/Jam Kg/Jam
H3BO3 30 1830
CH3OH 90 2880
B(OCH3)3 70 7210
H2O 222.7561 4009.6097
H2SO4 0.8010 78.5
NaOH 1.6020 64.0816

Total 415.1592 16072.1913

Komposisi Keluar Netralizer
Na2SO4 yang terbentuk = 0.8010 kmol/jam x 142 kg/kmol

= 113.7420 kg/Jam

H2O yang terbentuk = 1.6020 kmol/jam x 18 kg/kmol

= 28.8360 kg/jam

Total H2O keluar Neutralizer
= H2O keluar reactor+ H20 hasil rekasi + H2O impuritis
NaOH
= (218.8993 + 1.6020 + 3.8567) kmol/jam
= 224.3581kmol/jam x 18 kg/kmol
= 4038.446403kg/jam

Tabel 6. Neraca Massa di Netralizer

Masuk Keluar
Komponen
Kmol/Jam Kg/Jam Kmol/Jam Kg/Jam
H3BO3 30 1830 30 1830
CH3OH 90 2880 90 2880
B(OCH3)3 70 7210 70 7210
H2O 222.7561 4009.6097 224.3581 4038.446403
H2SO4 0.8010 78.5 - -
NaOH 1.6020 64.0800 - -
Na2SO4 - - 0.8010 113.7449
Total 415.1592 16072.1913 415.1592 16072.1913