VUM108 Abacus Vet5 User's Manual v1.01 PDF

Abacus Vet5
Hematology Analyzer
AV5
User’s Manual
1.0 Release
Abacus Vet5 software v1.1
1097 Táblás utca 39.

Budapest, Hungary Tel: +36 1 4369800
Fax: +36 1 4369809
www.diatron.com
Abacus Vet5 User’s Manual
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This user’s manual is intended to give detailed information for end users and operators of the Abacus Vet5
hematology analyzer.
Warranty
THE WARRANTY IS EXCLUSIVE AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Exemptions
Diatron’s obligation or liability under this warranty does not include any transportation or other charges or
liability for direct, indirect or consequential damages or delay resulting from the improper use or application
of the product or the use of parts or accessories not approved by Diatron or repairs by people other than
Diatron authorized personnel.
This warranty shall not extend to:
 any Diatron product which has been subjected to misuse, negligence or accident.
 any Diatron product from which Diatron’s original serial number tag or product identification
markings have been altered or removed.
 any product of any other manufacturer.
Diatron’s obligation or liability does not include any charges or liability for direct, indirect or consequential
damages resulting from any language translation of this manual which is taken as the reference document of
the Abacus Vet5 hematology analyzer.
Company contact
Manufacturer: DIATRON MI ZRT
Address: Táblás utca 39.
Budapest, HUNGARY
H-1097
Contacts: Tel: +36-1-436 9800
Fax: +36-1-436 9809
www.diatron.com
support@diatron.com
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Table of Contents
1 Indications for use ............................................................................................. 11
2 For Your Safety.................................................................................................... 12
Who Should Use This Manual .....................................................................................................................12
Special Symbols Used In This Manual and on the Analyzer ............................................................12
General Precautions........................................................................................................................................12
Environmental Requirements ....................................................................................................................14
Electrical Requirements ................................................................................................................................14
Space Requirements .......................................................................................................................................15
Weight Requirements ....................................................................................................................................15
Waste Disposal..................................................................................................................................................16
Known Limitations ..........................................................................................................................................16
Emergency Situations ................................................................................................................................16
3 Product Support ................................................................................................. 17
4 Installation ........................................................................................................... 18
Abacus Vet5 Analyzer Package...................................................................................................................18
Accessories .........................................................................................................................................................18
Installation check-list .....................................................................................................................................19
Select a suitable location ....................................................................................................................................... 19
Connecting reagents ................................................................................................................................................ 19
Connect power ........................................................................................................................................................... 20
Peripherals .................................................................................................................................................................. 20
5 General Overview and Principles of Operation ....................................... 22

General Overview ............................................................................................................................................22
Measured Parameters ....................................................................................................................................22
Genuine Reagents ............................................................................................................................................24
Control material ...............................................................................................................................................25
Principles of Operation..................................................................................................................................25
Photometric Light Absorbance Method .......................................................................................................... 25
Volumetric Impedance Method .......................................................................................................................... 26
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Three –Part WBC Differential method ............................................................................................................. 27

The Five-Part WBC Differential Method ......................................................................................................... 28
Measurement Sequence ......................................................................................................................................... 30
Parts of the Abacus Vet5 Analyzer ............................................................................................................31
Front view ................................................................................................................................................................... 31
Rear connectors ........................................................................................................................................................ 31
Reagent connectors on the back......................................................................................................................... 32
Side views .................................................................................................................................................................... 32
The built-in Printer .................................................................................................................................................. 33
Loading paper into the built-in printer ........................................................................................................... 33
6 User Interface ...................................................................................................... 34

Using the Touch Screen .................................................................................................................................34
Using an External Keyboard ........................................................................................................................34
Sections of the Graphical User Interface .................................................................................................34
Button color ................................................................................................................................................................ 35
Entering Information .............................................................................................................................................. 35
Menu System .....................................................................................................................................................35
Main Menu ................................................................................................................................................................... 35
Menu Tree.................................................................................................................................................................... 36
Measure menu ............................................................................................................................................................................. 36
Database menu............................................................................................................................................................................ 36
Quality Control menu ................................................................................................................................................................ 37
Maintenance menu .................................................................................................................................................................... 37
Settings menu .............................................................................................................................................................................. 39
Exit menu ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 40
7 Start-up and shut down of Abacus Vet5 ..................................................... 41

Turning the Instrument ON .........................................................................................................................41
Turning the Instrument OFF .......................................................................................................................42
Preparing for shipment .................................................................................................................................43
Emergency shut-down ...................................................................................................................................43
8 Sample Measurement ....................................................................................... 44
Sample Tube Support of Abacus Vet5......................................................................................................44
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Supported Sample Tube Types ........................................................................................................................... 44

Sampling Depth ......................................................................................................................................................... 44
Introducing sample, sample adapters .....................................................................................................44
Standard sample adapter ...................................................................................................................................... 45
Microtainer adapter ................................................................................................................................................ 45
Small control adapter ............................................................................................................................................. 46
Small sample adapter.............................................................................................................................................. 46
Sample Collection and Handling ................................................................................................................47
Sample Types and Modes .............................................................................................................................48
Sample Identification .....................................................................................................................................48
Running Samples .............................................................................................................................................49
Running Blank measurement .............................................................................................................................. 49
Patient Sample Run.................................................................................................................................................. 51
Measurement results screen: .............................................................................................................................. 52
Remote work list (EMR) mode............................................................................................................................ 53
Pre-diluted Sample Run ......................................................................................................................................... 54
9 Interpretation of Results ................................................................................. 55

Results Screen ...................................................................................................................................................55
Displayed information ............................................................................................................................................ 55
Technical details screen......................................................................................................................................... 56
Measurement Flags .........................................................................................................................................57
Parameter flag - indication of an out of range parameter ....................................................................... 57
Flags for Blank measurement.............................................................................................................................. 58
The measurement result warning flags .......................................................................................................... 59
The diagnostic flags of Abacus Vet5 ................................................................................................................. 61
Known Limitations in WBC Differentials ...............................................................................................62
Potential sample induced interferences ......................................................................................................... 63
Interpreting complete blood count parameters ..................................................................................64
White Blood Cells and Associated Indications ............................................................................................. 64
Red Blood Cell Parameters and Associated Indications ........................................................................... 65
Platelet Parameters and Associated Indications ......................................................................................... 66
10 Database Operations......................................................................................... 67
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The Database menu ....................................................................................................................................67

Switching between views .........................................................................................................................68
Editing stored records ....................................................................................................................................... 68
Filtering and Selecting records in database ......................................................................................69
Managing the selected records in database ......................................................................................71
Deleting selected records ................................................................................................................................. 71
Sending selected records to computer or LIS .......................................................................................... 72
Backing up of selected records ...................................................................................................................... 73
Backup view function......................................................................................................................................... 74
Backup one day..................................................................................................................................................... 75
Exporting database ............................................................................................................................................. 75
Trends - creating L- J charts ....................................................................................................................76
Printing selected records .........................................................................................................................77
11 Maintenance menu ............................................................................................ 78
Cleaning menu ..............................................................................................................................................78
Clean the wash head ........................................................................................................................................... 79
Hard cleaning ........................................................................................................................................................ 79
Bleaching ................................................................................................................................................................. 79
Drain chamber ...................................................................................................................................................... 79
Calibration Menu .........................................................................................................................................80
Calibration Factors menu ................................................................................................................................. 80
Performing Calibration with Measurement............................................................................................. 81
Calibration History .............................................................................................................................................. 83
Pre-diluted Mode Calibration menu ............................................................................................................ 84
Diagnostic menu ..........................................................................................................................................85
Device information menu ................................................................................................................................. 85
Statistic menu ........................................................................................................................................................ 86
Stress test menu ................................................................................................................................................... 86
Self test menu ........................................................................................................................................................ 87
View log menu....................................................................................................................................................... 88
Blank database menu ......................................................................................................................................... 89
Reagent Status ..............................................................................................................................................91
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Replacing Reagents ............................................................................................................................................. 92

The Reagent Lock System................................................................................................................................. 93
Checking the available credits: ...................................................................................................................... 94
Liquid sensors ....................................................................................................................................................... 95
12 Quality Control (QC) Menu .............................................................................. 96

Performing QC measurement .................................................................................................................96
Entering New Lot of QC material .................................................................................................................. 97
Performing a QC measurement...................................................................................................................... 99
Levy-Jennings QC chart ..................................................................................................................................... 99
QC database......................................................................................................................................................... 100
13 Multi-User Mode ...............................................................................................101

Types of Users............................................................................................................................................ 101
Logging in .................................................................................................................................................... 101
User Management .................................................................................................................................... 102
Add new user...................................................................................................................................................... 103
Deleting an existing user ............................................................................................................................... 103
Editing a user account .................................................................................................................................... 104
Autologin setting ............................................................................................................................................... 104
14 Settings menu ....................................................................................................105

Printer settings .......................................................................................................................................... 106
General settings ........................................................................................................................................ 107
Measurement settings ............................................................................................................................ 108
Measurement units settings ......................................................................................................................... 108
Normal ranges settings .................................................................................................................................. 109
Needle settings .................................................................................................................................................. 109
Date and time settings ............................................................................................................................ 110
Communication settings ........................................................................................................................ 111
Device communication ................................................................................................................................... 111
Peer communication ....................................................................................................................................... 112
Connecting analyzer to LIS (Laboratory Informatics System)....................................................... 113
Connecting analyzer on serial interface .................................................................................................. 113
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15 Maintenance of analyzer ...............................................................................115

User-accessible parts .............................................................................................................................. 115
Maintenance protocols ........................................................................................................................... 116
Daily maintenance, before daily routine ................................................................................................. 116
Daily maintenance, after daily routine .................................................................................................... 116
Weekly maintenance ....................................................................................................................................... 116
Cleaning the washing head ................................................................................................................................................. 116
Hard cleaning ........................................................................................................................................................................... 117
Bleaching process .................................................................................................................................................................... 118
Semi-annual Maintenance............................................................................................................................. 118
Cleaning the Analyzer ............................................................................................................................. 119
16 Troubleshooting ...............................................................................................120
Error messages .......................................................................................................................................... 120
Pneumatic/mechanical error messages .......................................................................................... 120
Mechanical Problems .............................................................................................................................. 121
Sample Rotor Failures .................................................................................................................................... 121
Needle Mechanics, Vertical Motor (MVert) Problems ....................................................................... 121
Needle Mechanics, Horizontal Motor (MHori) Problems................................................................. 121
Dilutor Errors ..................................................................................................................................................... 121
Priming Problems – reagent warnings .................................................................................................... 121
Touch screen is not working ........................................................................................................................ 121
The Analyzer Does Not Power On.............................................................................................................. 122
Problems related to Measurement results ..................................................................................... 122
Measurement with Warning Flags ............................................................................................................ 122
Fluctuating PLT background ........................................................................................................................ 122
17 Performance Characteristics .......................................................................123

Linearity ....................................................................................................................................................... 123
Prediluted mode linearity ............................................................................................................................. 123
Precision ...................................................................................................................................................... 123
Sample Stability ........................................................................................................................................ 124
Measuring times ....................................................................................................................................... 124
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Interfering substances ............................................................................................................................ 124

18 Print Formats ....................................................................................................125
Print Formats of built-in printer ........................................................................................................ 125
Print formats of external printer........................................................................................................ 126
19 Specifications.....................................................................................................128
Valid self test ranges for Abacus Vet5 .............................................................................................. 129
Reagent consumption chart of Abacus Vet5 .................................................................................. 130
20 Fluidic Schematics ...........................................................................................131
21 Cabling schematic ............................................................................................132
22 Calibration of Bar Code Reader (Motorola DS4208 only) ..................133
23 Document history ............................................................................................135
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1 Indications for use

Abacus Vet5 hematology analyzer is a quantitative, fully automated, multi-parameter, bench-top cell counter
designed for in-vitro-diagnostic use in veterinary clinics, research laboratories and point-of-care centers for
enumeration of the following 24 hematology parameters:
WBC#* LYM# MON# NEU# EOS# BAS#
LYM[%] MON[%] NEU[%] EOS[%] BAS[%]
RBC# HGB [g/dl] HCT[%] MCV[fl] MCHC [g/dl] MCH[pg]
PLT# RDWc[%] RDWs[fl] MPV[fl] PDWc[%] PDWs[fl]
PCT[%]
Depending on working mode the analyzer takes 25 or 50l of K2 or K3-EDTA anti-coagulated whole blood
from an open sample vial placed into an adapter in the sample rotor station. It can process 24-30 samples
per hour in 3-part mode, 16-20 samples per hour in 5-part mode.
Abacus Vet5 is indicated for use in identifying patients with hematologic parameters within and outside of
established reference (normal) ranges.
If equipment operation is different from the manufacturer’s specifications and

intended use, the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired.
Misuse of equipment or use other than its intended purpose will invalidate
conditions of warranty. The accuracy and precision may also be impaired.
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2 For Your Safety
Who Should Use This Manual

This user’s manual is intended for laboratory professionals using the Abacus Vet5 automated hematology
analyzer. This manual includes information about the operation and user interface of the analyzer, and also
describes daily routine maintenance requirements to keep your analyzer functioning properly.
Please, go through this manual before operating the analyzer.
Special Symbols Used In This Manual and on the Analyzer
Label Meaning Explanation
Blood samples and analyzer waste are potentially infectious

Biohazard
materials. Please, handle them accordingly.
Corrosive Reagents may cause corrosion or skin irritation.
Warning General warning of possible hazard conditions.
Sharp needle warning The sampling needle may be a hazard to the operator.
General Precautions
Please, read this section carefully before operating the analyzer.
The sampling needle and other components inside the analyzer may cause injury, or can
get damaged if handled incorrectly. Only certified personnel should open the covers.
Running samples with opened cover is not recommended due to the risk of possible
injury. Always wear safety gloves while performing maintenance actions.
Do not execute any actions with the device when the side door or the back door is open.
The moving inner parts can cause injury.
The analyzer should be moved holding the analyzer in an upright position.
Make sure to retain the original packaging material for safe transportation and storage in
the future.
To prepare the analyzer for shipping, storage or extended periods of inactivity, please
drain the reagents (run Preparing for shipment procedure) and repackage it in its original
packaging. Do not expose the Abacus Vet5 to direct sunlight, extreme temperature or
humidity over 90%.
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The analyzer operates with chemically and biologically active reagents. Physical contact
with these reagents should be avoided. Please read reagent descriptions and MSDS
carefully for possible emergency actions.
To ensure reliable operation and reliable results:

 Only animal blood samples should be analyzed
 Only genuine Diatron reagents should be used
 Required user maintenance should be performed as detailed in this manual
 Only Diatron certified service personnel should perform service actions
 Only genuine Diatron service materials and spare parts should be used
Only Diatron certified service personnel that have successfully completed the Abacus
Vet5 Service Training program are qualified to service the Abacus Vet5 analyzer.
Before operating the Abacus Vet5 analyzer, all operators should complete an Abacus Vet5
Operator Training program. This program is offered by certified service personnel of
Diatron.
Replacement materials or spare parts (tubes, valves, etc.) which might have been in
contact with animal blood or reagents should be handled as a potentially biologically
hazardous and chemically dangerous material. All applicable laws and regulations must
be observed in the handling and disposal of these materials.
Abacus Vet5 is designed for laboratory operation. Mobile operation is not supported.
Operate it within the ambient temperature range described in section 2.4.
This IVD equipment complies with the emission and immunity requirements described in
relevant part of the IEC 61326 series.
This equipment has been designed and tested to CISPR 11 Class A. In a domestic
environment it may cause radio interference, in which case, you may need to take
measures to mitigate the interference.
Electromagnetic environment should be evaluated prior to operation of the device.
This analyzer contains electronic components. Please handle electronic waste

adhering to local or federal regulations.
Waste contains poisonous substances (because of chemical content) and animal origin
substances meaning biohazard. These substances are representing potential danger to
environment. For this reason, safe handling of the waste liquid is very important.
Based on the performed risk analysis, it’s guaranteed that the trained user doesn’t need
further operator action in case of residual risk as long as the operator works according to
the user manual and takes care of the warning labels.
The safety status of the device will not change (will not be worse) after maintenance or service repair.
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Environmental Requirements
Operate Abacus Vet5 analyzer within the ambient temperature range of 15-30°C and a relative humidity
range less than 85%. The optimum operating temperature is between 20-25°C .
Abacus Vet5 should be stored within the temperature range of 5-35°C. Avoid exposing it to direct sunlight or
to extreme high or low temperatures. If the analyzer was subjected to extreme temperatures during
shipment or storage, the analyzer must be placed for at least one hour in a room whose temperature is within
the operational range before installation or use.
Reagents should be stored at a temperature range of 15-30°C. Reagents may experience a temperature range
of at most 5-35°C for a maximum of 3 days.
Analyzer operation at an altitude above 2000 meters (6560 feet) is prohibited.
Electrical Requirements
The analyzer should only be operated from a wall outlet meeting these power input requirements:
 The analyzer MUST be operated from its power supply module (GT-41069P9012-T3) packaged
into the accessory box
 Input voltage: 100-240VAC; 50Hz to 60Hz, max. 78 VA
 The analyzer must be earth grounded
Abacus Vet5 analyzer comes with a power cord appropriate for your power system. Use of the appropriate
power cord assures adequate grounding of the system. If the power is not reliable, contact your
representative for options such as installation of an external UPS (uninterruptible power supply) module.
Failure to properly ground Abacus Vet5 bypasses important safety features and may
result in electrical hazard.
The instrument should not be placed near potentially interfering devices capable of emitting radio
frequencies (e.g. radio or television transmitters, radars, centrifuges, X-ray devices, fans, etc.).
This analyzer is designed to be safe for transient voltages to INSTALLATION CATEGORY II and POLLUTION
DEGREE 2.
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Space Requirements
It is important to install the instrument in a suitable location. A poor location can adversely affect its
performance. Select a well-ventilated location near a power source and close to a suitable drain.
Place the unit on a clean, level surface. Leave at least 0.5 m (18 inches) space on both sides and above the
instrument to access pneumatics and the back easily. A minimum of 0.2 m (8 inches) must be maintained
between the rear panel and the wall to allow for heat dissipation and tubing clearance.
2 L diluent
C R waste
Figure 1. Recommended placement of reagents, see more at 4.3.2
Placing reagents above the analyzer could result in reagent overflow and spilling.
Weight Requirements
Please select a table, laboratory shelf, or other location, which can support the weight of Abacus Vet5 with
accessories, and is free from vibration from other devices.
To allow reliable operation and to provide a safe working environment, make sure that
the table supporting the unit is stable enough to carry the weight of the instrument and
accessories.
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Waste Disposal
Abacus Vet5 analyzer waste contains animal blood and reagents that are chemically and biologically active,
and should be considered to be potential infection and biohazard threat. Safe laboratory practices must be
followed including the use of personal protective when operating the Abacus Vet5 and handling blood,
reagents, and waste.
System waste should be handled as a potentially bio-hazardous material. All applicable

laws, regulations, and laboratory practices should be followed in the handling and
disposal of waste.
Known Limitations
Abacus Vet5 is intended for analysis of animal blood samples. Anti-coagulated and homogenized (well-
mixed) animal blood samples must be free from contamination and clots.
Blood samples should be analyzed within 7 hours of venipuncture, otherwise precision is not guaranteed,
especially on 5-part differential WBC parameters.
Emergency Situations
Always follow all applicable laws and regulations in regards to emergency situations.
The following list provides some examples when emergency shutdown is needed:
 Personal injury or risk of personal injury
 Fire or flood in the laboratory, or wrong reagent is connected to Abacus Vet5
 Risk of high voltage on the electric grid so that Abacus Vet5 can sustain permanent damage
In emergency-situation, cut off power by disconnecting mains power cable, or turning the main switch off. In
case of electric risk, cut off power from external power supply unit, do not use the main switch.
Use a fire extinguisher if necessary.
In case of fire, do not use water to extinguish the fire unless the Abacus Vet5 is
disconnected from the electrical power network.
After emergency power off, be cautious when reaching into the unit through the side door
or the back door, since the sampling needle may be in a position that it can cause injury.
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3 Product Support
Your sales representative is trained and qualified to answer questions about applications and the operation
of the Abacus Vet5 analyzer. If you have additional questions regarding the Abacus Vet5, please ask for
manufacturer support through your sales representative.
Diatron makes every effort to provide excellent support and up to date information and services regarding
the Abacus Vet5 analyzer. Software updates and application documents are available on the Diatron web site
at http://www.diatron.com.
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4 Installation
Your Diatron certified service engineer will perform the initial installation of Abacus Vet5 analyzer and train
selected laboratory personnel on the proper use and maintenance of it.
The analyzer should be operated by properly trained laboratory personnel only.
Abacus Vet5 Analyzer Package

The Abacus Vet5 analyzer pack contains the following items:
 Abacus Vet5 analyzer in a plastic bag
 Accessory box (see content below) on top of the analyzer
 User’s Manual
After opening the bag, remove the desiccant packs. Retain the original analyzer packaging for future
transportation and storage.
Accessories
The accessories box of Abacus Vet5 contains the following items:
 User’s Manual (this document)
 Tube kit in a plastic bag, 6 caps with dropdown tubes and 6
color-coded tubes:
o Diluent tube (green)
o Lyse tube (yellow)
o Cleaner tube (blue)
o Lyse2 tube(orange)
o Rinse tube(white)
o Waste tube (red)
 Power cord (country dependent)

 External 12 VDC power
supply unit (GT-41069P9012-T3)
 3 sample vial adapters for the sample rotor

 Plastic waste container (20 L)
 Cardboard box for the waste container
 “Preparing for shipment” tube kit (see on the right)
 2 pcs of roll paper for built-in printer
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Please, inform your sales representative if any item is missing or damaged.
Installation check-list
Abacus Vet5 is a complex veterinary device. Follow the checklist below for important information. Always
handle the instrument with care. Refer to Chapter 2 for Safety and other requirements.
Select a suitable location

 Ensure that enough space is available for the analyzer and optional printer on a level, well-supported
surface with adequate space available.
 Ensure that there is enough space behind the equipment for emergency power disconnection of the
device.
 Place the analyzer in a well-ventilated location. Avoid placing it in areas of extremely high or low
temperatures, air-flow or where it is exposed to direct sunlight.
 Do not place it near potentially interfering devices capable of emitting radio frequencies (e.g. radio
or television transmitters, radars, centrifuge, X-ray devices, fans, etc.).
Connecting reagents
Abacus Vet5 is capable of aspirating reagents not more than 1m below the analyzer’s base. Follow
suggestions detailed at 2.6
Step1. Open the Diatro Vet5 reagent pack (DRP02HK) box. Open each reagent container (lyse, lyse 2, rinse,
cleaner, and diluent) by unscrewing the container caps and piercing the bottle top seals.
Step 2. Open the plastic bag located in the accessory box, and take
out the six color-coded reagent tubes and caps with drop-down
tubes.
Step 3. Re-cap each container using the enclosed caps with drop
down tubes.
Do not block the Vent hole
small air vent hole on the container caps to provide air flow.
Note: Be sure to save the original reagent caps so you can re-
cap the containers when the reagent pack is used up.
Step 4. Connect the reagent fluids to analyzer as follows.

Locate the color-coded reagent intake valves on the back of the instrument, as shown.
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Green = Diluent
Yellow = Lyse
Blue = Cleaner
Red = Waste
Orange = Lyse 2
White = Rinse
Connect the reagent bottles one by one to analyzer with matching color pickup tubes to reagent inlets. The
pickup tube must fully push onto connector, both analyzer and bottle side.
Install the waste vacutainer. Place the waste container and reagent pack below the analyzer, or on the same
level.
Before starting the analyzer:
 Be sure once again that the color on each tube, cap and connector in the back of the instrument
match.
 Before putting the drop-down tubes into the reagent containers, wipe the dust off from them using
a lint-free wet paper wipe.
Connect power
 Make sure that the main switch (next to the power connector at rear) is in ‘0’ position;
 Connect the DC cable of the external power supply module to the Abacus Vet5 power input.
 Tighten the connector by turning the securing screw (2 – 3 turns).
 Connect the power cord to the external power supply;
 Plug-in the power cord into the wall-outlet. See section 2.5 for electrical requirements.
 Connect keyboard and LAN (Ethernet) cables to the appropriate connectors (optional);
 Power up the Abacus Vet5 by flipping the power switch to on ‘I’ position;
 Check the operational status of the peripherals and the operation of touch screen.
Peripherals
Abacus Vet5 is capable of connecting to the following peripherals:
 Various HP printers directly to USB port or printers through optional PrinterBox® device
 Keyboard with USB connector
 Bar-code readers with USB connector
 USB memory devices up to 16 GBytes in capacity (such as a USB pen drive)
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 Host computer via USB link connected to USB B port on the back. (To utilize this USB connection, you
need a USB cable, and a suitable driver should be installed on the computer. Refer to your service
personnel for instructions.)
 Host computer or local area network (LAN) via Ethernet link.
As a general rule: if the peripheral you want to connect has its own power source / power
supply then turn off both the peripheral device to be connected and the Abacus Vet5
instrument as well before connecting the peripheral device.
The peripheral connectors on Abacus Vet5 are SELV (safety extra low voltage) connectors.
Only connect approved external devices that are SELV rated to the instrument to avoid
the risk of electrical shock.
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5 General Overview and Principles of Operation
General Overview
Abacus Vet5 is a fully automated, high quality hematology analyzer for use in veterinary laboratories. It
provides precise and accurate 5-part (or in certain cases 3-part) WBC differential measurement results using
impedance measurement technology.
Abacus Vet5 analyzer uses the volumetric impedance method for measuring of leukocytes (WBC),
erythrocytes (RBC) and platelet (PLT) concentrations. Measurement of the hemoglobin (HGB) content of red
blood cells is accomplished by photometric measurement technology. 5-part WBC differential accomplished
by using a differential lysing reagent.
A vivid color touch-screen display is featured with an intuitive, informative, and attractive user interface.
Abacus Vet5 analyzer’s unique software system supports the use of PCL5 or PCL 3.2 compatible external
printers of HP brand with USB connections. The internal database is capable of storing 5,000 patient results,
separate QC, and calibration result records including flags and graphical histograms. To ensure up to date
operation the analyzer software can be upgraded on the field.
Abacus Vet5 offers Ethernet LIS connectivity using the HL7 protocol beside the standard serial interface to
communicate the laboratory informatics system.
Measured Parameters
Abacus Vet5 determines the following blood parameters, including 5-part WBC differential.
Parameter Description Reported Unit Calculation method
WBC White Blood Cell count cells/l, cells/µl Number of leukocytes

WBC = WBCcal x counted WBC (cells/l, cells/µl)
RBC Red Blood Cell count cells/l, cells/µl Number of erythrocytes

RBC = RBCcal x counted RBC (cells/l, cells/µl)
HGB Hemoglobin concentration g/dl, g/l, mmol/l Measured photometric way at 540 nm; in each cycle blank
measurement is performed on diluent.
HGB = HGBcal x (HGBmeasured – HGBblank)
MCV Mean Corpuscular Volume fl Average volume of individual erythrocytes derived from the
RBC histogram.
HCT Hematocrit percentage, Calculated from the RBC and MCV values.
absolute HCTpercentage = RBC x MCV / 10
HCTabsolute = HCTpercentage / 100
MCH Mean Corpuscular pg, fmol Average hemoglobin content of erythrocytes, calculated
Hemoglobin depends on HGB from RBC and HGB values.
unit selected MCH = HGB / RBC
MCHC Mean Corpuscular g/dl, g/l, mmol/l Calculated from the HGB and HCT values.
Hemoglobin equals to HGB unit MCHC = HGB / HCTabsolute
Concentration selected
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Parameter Description Reported Unit Calculation method

RDW-SD Red Cell Distribution fl Distribution width of the erythrocyte or platelet population
Width – SD derived from the histogram at 20% of peak
PDW-SD Platelet Distribution fl
Width – SD
RDW-CV Red cell Distribution %
Width – CV
PDW-CV Platelet Distribution %
Width – CV
xDW-SD = RDWcal x (P2 - P1) (fl),
xDW-CV = RDWcal x 0.56 x (P2 - P1) / (P2 + P1)
by the factor of 0.56 CV is corrected to the 60% cut
PLT Platelet count cells/l, cells/µl Number of thrombocytes (platelets)
PLT = PLTcal x counted PLT
PCT Thrombocrit percentage, Calculated from the PLT and MPV values
absolute PCTpercentage = PLT x MPV /10.000
PCTabsolute = PLT percentage /100
MPV Mean Platelet Volume fl Mean volume of platelets derived from PLT histogram
MPV has its own calibration factor.
White blood cell Absolute values counted in the channels determined by the
differential: three WBC discriminators:
LYM, LYM% count and % of

lymphocyte cells
cells/l, cells/µl
MON, MON% count and % of medium and %
size cells
LYM MON GRA
NEU, NEU% count and % of

BAS, BAS% granulocyte cells:
Percentages calculated from the absolute WBC value.
neutrophil, eosinophil and
basophil GRA = NEU+EOS+BAS
EOS, EOS% White blood cell
differential:
count and % of Eosinophil cells/l, cells/µl

cells and %
EOS shown by the second peak on the histogram
Table 1. Parameters determined by Abacus Vet5
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Genuine Reagents
For operating Abacus Vet5 analyzer use the following reagent pack only. All these reagents are for in-vitro
use only. Reagent storage temperature: 15-30 °C.
If eyes or skin gets contact with any of the reagents, flush abundantly with water.
If a large quantity ingested, drink water immediately and contact a doctor.
MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) of these reagents can be downloaded from Diatron’s
website: www.diatron.com
Performance and lifespan of the Abacus Vet5 are guaranteed only if reagents supplied
by the manufacturer are used.
The reagent pack (DRP02HK) consists of bottles containing diluent, cleaner, lyse, lyse 2, and rinse
solutions. The following table lists the reagents volumes and bottle sizes in the reagent pack.
Color code
Reagent Description Volume
on cap
Diluent Green This is an isotonic, filtered saline solution, used to dilute whole 9 liter
blood samples and rinse the fluidic system between measuring
cycles.
It is connected to a dedicated diluent input at the rear of the
analyzer.
Rinse White Used with diluent to prevent salt built-up on aperture. 800 ml
Cleaner Dark Blue Cleaning solution of the fluidics, connected to the dedicated rear 300 ml
reagent input.
The analyzer uses this reagent from time to time, to clean the tubing,
counting chambers and apertures.
Lyse Yellow Lyse reagent is connected to the rear reagent input. 300 ml
It creates hemolysate for 3-part WBC differential, total WBC count
and HGB determination.
Lyse2 Orange Used to dilute whole blood and differentially hemolyse white blood 800 ml
cells to separate eosinophil granulocytes from other WBC by
volume. Suitable for determining EOS, EOS%, BAS, and BAS%
parameters.
Table 2 Content of the Diatro Vet5 Reagent Pack
For reagent consumption information, see section 19.1.
24 | P a g e
Control material
Hematology controls are used to check precision, accuracy and to calibrate the system, if necessary.
Performing QC determinations regularly verifies continued optimal performance.
The Abacus Vet5 is pre-programmed to monitor DiatroCont 5 control. This should be matched to the types
of samples usually run on the instrument. Specification for this material (assay values and allowed tolerances
along with expiry date) is always enclosed with the approved control material.
DC55021 - DC5 Hematology Control 4,5 ml low
DC55022 - DC5 Hematology Control 4,5 ml normal
DC55023 - DC5 Hematology Control 4,5 ml high.
Control assay is refreshed by 90 days, please contact Diatron MI Plc for actual information.
Using Control and Quality control support see more at chapter 12.
Principles of Operation
Abacus Vet5 analyzer uses a combination of methods to determine measurement results:
 Volumetric impedance method is used to determine the cellular concentrations and volume
distributions of erythrocytes (RBC), and platelets (PLT) from so-called RBC dilution.
 Volumetric impedance method is used in combination with a lytic reagent to determine distribution
of leukocytes (WBC), and their three sub-populations (LYM, MON, NEU, EOS, BAS).
 Photometric measurement of light absorbance of the WBC dilution determines hemoglobin (HGB)
concentration of erythrocytes (RBC).
Photometric Light Absorbance Method

A lysed blood sample (WBC) dilution is analyzed for hemoglobin (HGB) concentration based on its stable
chromogen content.
The lyse reagent lyses the red blood cells causing them
release the cellular hemoglobin. The hemoglobin
concentration is measured by photometric reading across
the Abacus Vet5 chamber. HGB result accuracy is increased
by a compensation blank measurement to reduce the
influence of liquid refraction and the incident light.
The wavelength of illumination is about 540 nm. (green LED)
Figure 2. Photometric Light Absorbance Method
25 | P a g e
Volumetric Impedance Method

Volumetric impedance method determines cellular concentrations and volume distributions of cells by
detecting and measuring changes in electrical impedance when particles suspended in a conductive liquid
pass through a small aperture.
Figure 3. Volumetric Impedance Method
A constant direct current flows between the electrodes on both sides of the aperture. Each cell passing
through the aperture causes a change in the electrical impedance of the conductive blood cell suspension
(diluted blood). This impedance change is detected by the Abacus Vet5 electronics and converted to an
electrical voltage pulse.
The number of pulses generated are proportional to the number of particles in the diluted sample.
Intensity (amplitude) of each voltage pulse is proportional to the volume of the particle. The volume
distribution diagrams of the particles are displayed as the WBC, EOS, RBC, and PLT histograms measured in
femtoliter (fl) units.
Figure 4 Histograms of Abacus Vet5
26 | P a g e
Electronic discrimination by size allows separation of platelets (PLT), erythrocytes (RBC), white blood cell
(WBC) and WBC differential populations. Discriminators are indicated by dotted vertical lines on the
histograms.
Three –Part WBC Differential method

To perform a three-part WBC differential count, the RBCs must first be lysed since RBCs are typically 1000
times more numerous in normal blood than are WBCs and would interfere with WBC counting if left intact.
Lysing also releases the hemoglobin stored in the RBCs for direct analysis in the solution.
Therefore, a hemolyser reagent (lyse) is used to dissolve cellular membranes, thus destroying RBCs, and
creating a complex solution suitable for photometry of HGB and counting WBCs.
The following figure shows the changes in blood cell characteristics that occur during three-part differential
hemolysis.
Figure 5 Blood cell characteristics
27 | P a g e
The membranes of the WBCs become selectively permeable, so that they begin to shrink down to their nuclei
in the slightly hypertonic lyse solution. Effectively hemolysed samples contain WBC particles in the 30–300
fl region (for veterinary species).
Figure 6 The three part differential method steps in Abacus Vet5
For the three-part counting a primary dilution of 1:160 is created by diluting 25 µl of whole blood with 4 ml
of diluent into the chamber.
After taking the RBC sample of 25 µl, the remaining diluted blood is treated with 0.5–0.7 ml of lyse reagent
— this depends on the animal profile selected — to destroy red blood cells. The remaining solution is suitable
for photometric measurements of HGB, and counting of WBC. After these measurements done, the software
is able to determine HGB, WBC, LYM, LYM%, MON, MON%, and total GRA, and GRA%. GRA contains all types
of granulocytes: GRA = NEU + EOS + BAS, and GRA% = NEU% + EOS% + BAS%. Volume distribution of three-
part measurement can be seen on the three-part histogram. The cells are separated in three regions
depending on their sizes: LYM, MON, and GRA, from left to right, separated by discriminators.
The Five-Part WBC Differential Method
Five-part WBC differential results are determined during two separate dilutions, and two counting sessions
after each other. (See sequence numbers in Figure 6 , Figure 7) The first session is used to count EOS only,
while the second is the three-part differential and RBC counting as described in previous point. In three-
part only measurements, the EOS counting cycle is omitted.
28 | P a g e
Figure 7 EOS measure sequence
To determine EOS, EOS% and BAS, BAS%, a second sample preparation and counting is required. 25 µl of
whole blood sample is diluted with a species-dependent volume of lyse 2 solution, a hemolytic reagent and
diluent, to form a 1:200 dilution. During the incubation time, white blood cells will be differentially
hemolysed, so that eosinophils will retain a higher cellular volume.
After counting and sizing the cells, the software will interpret all cells above the discriminator as eosinophils.
The user can observe the distribution of the cells on the EOS histogram.
The number and percentage of BAS cells will be calculated using EOS and other internal parameters using a
mathematical formula.
Figure 8 EOS histogram sample
The EOS count is then followed with a three-part differential count (described above) to provide the rest of
the WBC count, the RBC and the PLT and related parameters.
29 | P a g e
Measurement Sequence
Stages of blood testing process during normal (5 part) mode:
1. The sampling needle moves into the sample vial, and takes 25 µl of whole blood sample.
This 25µl of whole blood sample is transported to the chamber through the sampling needle
2 with an addition of Diluent, and Lyse2 reagents to form dilution for the 5-part
differentiation measurement.
After the first measurement and washing process, the sampling needle moves again into the
3
sample vial, and takes again 25 µl of whole blood sample.
The 25µl of whole blood sample is transported to the chamber through the sampling needle
4
with an addition of 4ml Diluent, to form 1:160 MIX dilution.
25µl of this diluted sample is aspirated back into the needle and stored in the needle during
5
WBC measurement and the hemoglobin analysis.
Lyse reagent is added to the MIX dilution for WBC measurement. Abacus Vet5 uses bubbles
6 for mixing lyse with MIX dilution. This lytic dilution is suitable for photometric
measurement and WBC counting.
After the measurements the system drains and cleans the measuring chamber and the
8
related tubing system. The aperture gets cleaned with high voltage burning pulses.
The 25ul MIX sample (stored in the needle) is added with 5ml diluent to the chamber. This
9
forms a 1:32000 overall RBC dilution.
10 With this dilution the RBC and PLT measurements are performed.
Table 3. Sample preparation process
Nominal dilution rates used in Abacus Vet5:

 DIFF EOSdilution 1:160
 MIX dilution 1:160
 RBC dilution 1:32000
 WBC dilution 1:180 (depends on lyse amount)
Measuring times (approx. including sample taking and chamber cleanings):

 DIFF EOS measurement 65 seconds
 WBC count (adaptive) 80 seconds
 HGB measurement 5 seconds
 RBC/PLT count 60 seconds
 Full 5 part measure 210 seconds
30 | P a g e
Parts of the Abacus Vet5 Analyzer
Front view
Thermo printer
LCD
touchscreen Sample rotor
station
Reagent key
connector
Rear connectors
Service door Main Power

with lock Switch
Power inlet
Device
identification
USB A ports
LAN port
Reagent
Connectors
USB B port
31 | P a g e
Reagent connectors on the back
Diluent inlet
Lyse inlet
Lyse2 inlet
Cleaner inlet
Waste Rinse inlet

connector
Side views
Service door
with lock
Reagent key
slot
USB A port
32 | P a g e
The built-in Printer

Abacus Vet5 is equipped with an optional built-in thermal
printer. This printer is capable of printing on 58 mm wide
thermal paper.
 If the status LED is lit, the printer is ready to use.
 If the status LED is blinking, then reload paper.
 Push the button on the right to advance paper.
Loading paper into the built-in printer
 Open the paper lid (pull the lid upwards by the handle)
 Remove central plastic roller of old paper roll
 Unwind new paper roll, so that the “starting edge” is
coming from down under towards you.
 Gently drop the new roll into the holder of the printer, hold
“starting edge” with your hand, and make sure it comes out on the
front of the printer as indicated in the picture
 Close the lid, making sure that the paper captured between
it and the printer mechanics, and it is securely closed
33 | P a g e
6 User Interface
The user interface of the Abacus Vet5 analyzer is designed to be intuitive and easy to use, and provide access
to all user level functions. You can interact with the Abacus Vet5 by using only the touch screen and the
virtual on-screen keypad, or by using an external keyboard.
Using the Touch Screen

The touch screen is a capacitive sensor behind a glass. It must be operated by finger or a conductive stylus
designed for capacitive touch screens, since it is not sensitive against pressure.
The touch screen allows selection of menu items and ‘pressing’ of buttons by gently tapping the surface over
the selected item. The touch-screen device used in the Abacus Vet5 analyzer is selected for reliability,
endurance and compatibility with the medical laboratory environment. Simple operations are supported, but
multi-touch ‘gestures’ or multiple tapping are not supported.
The surface glass material is resistant to liquids, however it should be dry when in use, otherwise it may not
work reliably. Use a damp cloth to clean the glass surface when the analyzer is turned off.
Using an External Keyboard

An external keyboard provides the same data entry features as the on-screen virtual keypad presented by
the touch screen with faster typing.
Sections of the Graphical User Interface

The graphical user interface (GUI) of Abacus Vet5 is menu driven, and changes its contents based on the
function selected.
Current time
Warning message
indicator
Selectable menu
buttons
Title of Menu or
function
Background image
(Inactive area)
Context sensitive
function buttons
Figure 9. Graphical User Interface Sections
34 | P a g e
Tap on the warning message indicator in the header for details.
Button color
Active buttons are displayed in full color, while inactive or not selectable buttons remain faded.
Entering Information
Abacus Vet5 sometimes requires the operator to enter information such as sample ID or patient data. In
order to enter information into a data field simply tap or click on its box. The data field will change color
indicating that data entry is active for that field. Information can be entered using the virtual on-screen
keypad or with an optional external keyboard.
Data is not saved until user presses Enter or Save or Accept to proceed.
Menu System
Abacus Vet5 offers a menu tree to access all functions. Tree items can be activated by pressing/tapping on
them directly on the touchscreen or rolling through items by keyboard.
Main Menu
The Main menu will appear after start-up or when Home button is pressed in the menu tree.
Figure 10. Abacus Vet5 Main Menu
The different sub-menus are available by pressing their Name or icon.
35 | P a g e
Menu Tree
This chapter is a listing of the Abacus Vet5 analyzer software menu trees.
Measure menu
1.Measure opens result 1.Run new sample 1.1.Run
screen screen asks for:
-Type 1.2.Blank
-Patient ID 1.3.Worklist
-Name 1.4.Normal ranges
2.Re-Run -Age 1.5.Cancel
3.Tech. -Gender
4.Print -Doc
5.Discard -Predilu YES/NO
6.Exit -Lyse volume
-Samp depth
Database menu
2.Database Opens recordlist 1.Details

2.Print
3.Trends
4.Filter
5.Edit
6.Exit
7.Manage 7.1.Delete
7.2.Send
7.3.Backup 7.3.1.Save
7.3.2.Export
7.3.3.Backup View
7.3.4.Back one day
36 | P a g e
Quality Control menu
3. Quality control 1.QC low 1.1.Reference Enter QC ref

1.2.Measure Start
1.3.Diagram Generate LJ
1.4.Database List
2.QC Normal 2.1.Reference Enter QC ref

2.2.Measure Start
2.4.Database List
3.QC High 3.1.Reference Enter QC ref

3.2.Measure Start
3.4.Database List
Maintenance menu
4. Maintenance 1.Cleaning 1.Cleaning

2.Clean was head
3.Hardcleaning
4.Bleaching
5. Drain chamber
6. Clean 5 Cycles
2.Calibration 1. Factors
2.Measure
3.History
4. Prediluted Factor
History
3.Diagnostic 1.Device info

2.Statistic
3.Selftest
4.Sress test
5.View logfile
6.Blank database
37 | P a g e
4.Reagent status Result reagent list 1.Dilu

4. Maintenance Prime
(continued) On/Off
2.Lys
Prime
On/Off
3.Lyse2
Prime
On/Off
4.Rinse
Prime
On/Off
5.Cleaner
Prime
On/Off
6.Waste
Volume
Reset
7.Replace
8.Calibrate sensors
9.Prime all
10. Meas.Credits
38 | P a g e
Settings menu
5. Settings 1. Printer 1.1.Device 1. Built-in/USB

2.Normal/Draft/color/draft
3.A4/roll
4.Inch/cm
6.Top margins
7.Left margin
8. Autoprint: Enabl/Dis
1.2.Format 1. Limits
2.Warnings
3. Histogram
12.Tech info
13.Diagnostic Flags
14. Header 1,2,3,4,
2.General 1. Sound en/dis

2. Language EN,
3. Export Text/ext/adv text
4. Screen saver min
5. Barcode Patient /Sample id
3. Measurement 1.Units Count /HGB / PCTHCT

2.Normal ranges Species/ranges
3.Needle settings -2 ; --; +2 ; +5
4. Date and Time 1.Set date

2.Set format
List of Netw. com param.

5.Communication 1.Device Adjust here
2.Peer comm. PC act/inact
PC remote IP
PC remmote port
EMR act /inac
EMR remote IP
EMR local port (receive port)
EMR remote port
USB ser disa/enab
Serial baud rate 2400- 115000
39 | P a g e
Autosend
Disabled
PC only
EMR only
PC and EMR
USB serial
Exit menu
6. Exit 1.Shutdown
2. Prepare for shipment
3. Logout <currentuser> 1.Shutdown

2.Prep for ship
3. Log in
4. User Management 1. Add new

2. Remove user
3. Auto login set
4. Edit user
40 | P a g e
7 Start-up and shut down of Abacus Vet5
Turning the Instrument ON

Make sure all external devices are switched on first (printer, host computer).
Turn on Abacus Vet5 using the main power switch on the back, above
the DC power input connector (see section 5.6.2).
‘On’ position is indicated by the ‘I’ symbol.
During start-up, the following screen will appear.
The software loading finishes at the Main Menu.
If you wish to browse the database, then no further user action is
required.
If you wish to run a sample, then go to Measure menu. Starting a new
measurement will perform priming of reagents and a cleaning cycle
automatically.
After powering on, wait 5 minutes before initiating any measuring process to allow the
instrument to reach optimal working temperature.
In some cases, a priming cycle is necessary prior to sample measurement. The analyzer will perform prime
cycles automatically if the fluid sensors are turned on, and additional liquid in the fluidic system is required.
Run priming cycle in the following circumstances:
 After installation;
 After extended time out of use;
 Replacement of any component related to the Fluidic System;
 Replacement of reagents with the analyzer turned on.
See more about priming at 11.4.1
41 | P a g e
Turning the Instrument OFF
Do not turn off the instrument by simply flipping the power switch on the rear panel. Doing
so, may result in erroneous operation, loss of data or prolonged start up cycle during later
use.
The built in Shut down procedure will set the analyzer electronics, fluidics and mechanics in a definite state:
 Abacus Vet5 saves data, settings, closes the databases and other files. If the power is simply cut before
all data items are securely saved, some data might be lost.
 The SW will perform cleaning to remove debris and fill chambers and apertures to avoid clogging and
contamination. Without proper shut down, blood-sample can remain inside the instrument
increasing the risk of contamination or if dried in, blood can permanently block the sample-paths.
 The analyzer will move the mechanical parts (sample needle, syringe pumps, valves) into their safe
home positions to reduce risk of injury, and avoid more time and higher amount of reagents during
the next start-up process.
Therefore always follow the instructions below when switching the instrument off.
To shut down Abacus Vet5, press EXIT key in the Main menu. The following screen appears.
Press Shutdown.
Abacus Vet5 will display a message and give a tone indicating that it is
safe to turn off power, after the shut down procedure is finished.
Turn off the instrument using the power switch on the rear panel. Off
position is marked by ‘0’ symbol.
42 | P a g e
Preparing for shipment

User should perform Preparing for shipment procedure, before shipping the analyzer, or if it will not be used
for more than a week.
The analyzer will perform three individual cycles:
1. Drain reagents into Waste tank after disconnecting reagent
lines
2. Prime Rinse reagent or DI water into reagent lines to
dissolve and remove salt and reagent residuals
3. Drain all liquids into Waste tank.
For the above procedure, please prepare the cleaning tube kit
(refer to section 4.2) and 150ml of Rinse reagent or clean DI water.
To start the process, press EXIT key in the Main Menu.
Tap Preparing for shipment button.
Follow the on screen instructions:
Step 1. Remove reagent tubes but leave waste lines
connected. SW will prime on air, and empty reagent lines
and syringe pumps.
Step 2. Connect the cleaning tube kit to the reagent inputs,
submerging the free end in a bottle containing at least 150 ml of Rinse reagent or clean DI water. The
SW will prime rinse to dissolve salt remains, and flush the fluidics.
Step 3. Remove cleaning tube kit, leave waste connected. SW will drain
the fluidics to remove all liquids.
Step 4. Power off the analyzer and disconnect the waste tubes.
Step 5. Disconnect electronic connection and power supply.
Emergency shut-down
Please, refer to section 2.10 for Emergency shut-down procedures.
43 | P a g e
8 Sample Measurement
This chapter contains important information about running samples.
Sample Tube Support of Abacus Vet5
Supported Sample Tube Types

You can use sample tubes from any vendors if the below conditions are met:
 It should be mechanically compatible with the sample rotor and adapters (see more 8.2)
 If the bottom of the tube is lifted, adjustment of the sampling depth is necessary (see section 8.1.2
below).
 Only open sample vial can be put into analyzer
It is recommended to contact your service representative before using another type of sample tube.
Sampling Depth
The operator of Abacus Vet5 analyzer can define the exact sample taking position inside the vial (see figure
below). This software option can be accessed at Settings -> Measure ->Needle height (see more at 14.3.3)
Sampling depth can be adjusted in the following steps: -2mm,’--’, +5mm, +10mm, +15mm.
Default sampling depth is: 0 mm, indicated by ‘––‘ in the selection list, and it means approximately 3 mm
clearance between the bottom of sample tube and the tip of the sampling needle.
Example to set up sampling depth correctly: if the bottom of the tube is lifted by 12 mm, select +15 mm
setting to make sure the needle will not intend to touch the bottom of the sample tube.
If sampling depth is not adjusted to the tube correctly, the mechanics will push the
bottom of the tube, which may result damage to the sampling needle, or pneumatic error
of Vertical motor.
Introducing sample, sample adapters

All in all 3 different types of tube adapters provided for sampling. Use the appropriate size sample adapter
in the sample rotor: standard, vacutainer, microtainer or small control adapter.
The appropriate sample adapter must be selected before introducing sample into the sample rotor.
44 | P a g e
Standard sample adapter

This adapter is used for tubes of 13x75mm (3-5 ml), and tall control vials.
Adapter #1 with elevated Vacutainer (13x75) 4.5ml control tube

bottom (cap removed) (screw-cap removed)
Microtainer adapter
Below you can see how to use 0,5 ml microtainer tube in adapters.
Adapter #6 Usage of mictrotainer Remove cap from microtainer
45 | P a g e
Small control adapter

Below you can see correct application of the small control (2ml) adapter.
Adapter #3 for small control 2 ml control blood – open

mode only
Small sample adapter

The adapter marked #2 is used for sample vials with outer diameter max 12mm
Adapter #2 for Sarsedt SM tube without cap

Monovette tubes
46 | P a g e
Sample Collection and Handling

Please consider the following when collecting and handling blood samples:
 Make sure that the sample tube is filled to the sample level line indicated by the tube manufacturer.
The anticoagulant not only prevents the coagulation of blood, but also dilutes it. If the volume of
blood is too low, than this dilution can adversely affect measurement results.
 Ensure that the blood and anticoagulant are properly mixed by inverting the tube at least 8 times.
Do not shake the sample as this could damage blood cells and cause micro bubbles.
 As suggested by the general laboratory practice, leave sample before running it on the Abacus Vet5
for analysis to ensure that the interaction of blood and anticoagulant has fully stabilized. Check the
data sheet of the sample tube for exact time requirement.
 Use K2- or K3-EDTA anti-coagulated fresh whole blood as sample.
 Analyze blood samples within 7 hours of collection.
 Samples should be analyzed at room temperature.
 Right before running measurement, the tubes must be mixed by inverting the tubes 11 times
 Pre-diluted samples should be prepared and analyzed immediately after dilution (1 part blood to 5
parts saline).
 Do not deliver or store the samples at temperatures above normal body temperature.
All blood samples must be handled as potentially infectious material that represent
biohazard.
47 | P a g e
Sample Types and Modes

The Abacus Vet5 analyzer is designed to process the following sample types:
 Whole animal blood to determine the hematology parameters of the blood
 Quality control (QC) materials for quality control purposes
 Calibrator materials for calibration of the primary hematology parameters
QC materials are artificially modified animal blood samples with known parameter values. QC samples can
be stored for a period of time as indicated on the control vial.
Sample mode must be selected before a measurement starts. Abacus Vet5 analyzer works in the following
measurement modes:
 Blank mode: No sample has to be presented to run a blank. Blank mode checks that the measuring
system is operating correctly, it is clean so that blank results are acceptable.
 Species profiles: Choose one of the species required to measure. Each mode has a unique set of
normal ranges associated with it.
Types that can measured in 5 part mode: dog, cat, horse, control
Types that can measure only in3 part mode: cow, mouse, rat, rabbit, ferret, pig, sheep, goat, guinea
pig, primate
 Control (QC) mode: The hematological parameters of QC and control materials are known prior to
analysis. Controls are used to check the long-term stability of the Abacus Vet5 analyzer, while
calibrator is used to perform calibration.
Calibration with a calibrator material is not one of the Abacus Vet5 sample modes, but a specific procedure
that is accessible from the Calibration menu.
Sample Identification
Use caution and ensure accurate data entry when manually entering sample ID or
patient ID information into the user interface of the Abacus Vet5 analyzer to avoid
possible misidentification of sample results.
The following sample information items are used to uniquely identify samples:
 Sample Mode (Blank, Control, Profile, pre-diluted, etc.)
 Time of measurement: assigned automatically by the Abacus Vet5 analyzer SW
 Sample ID: assigned by the operator – or automatically assigned by Abacus Vet5 SW
o Abacus Vet5 doesn’t require the sample ID to be unique
o Sample ID can submitted by:
 Manual typing
 Bar code reading (with a manual bar code reader, see more at14.2)
 Automatically assigned by Abacus Vet5 SW
o Sample ID is not applicable on blank measurements
 Patient ID: assigned by the operator by manually typing in
o Not applicable for blank and QC measurements
o Can be changed in the database later on
48 | P a g e
Running Samples
After powering up Abacus Vet5, you need to perform the following steps in order to run samples.
Ensure that:
 All reagents and the waste are properly connected
 All environmental conditions are met
 Blank measurement has been run and accepted (see section 8.6.1
below)
 Quality Control material have been tested and produced
acceptable results, so that calibration of the analyzer is valid (see
chapter 12)
 Specimen is ready to use, mixed well and it is in the recommended
time for measurement (see section 8.3)
Running Blank measurement

There must be an accepted Blank measurement performed before running controls, calibrator or patient
samples. Software will warn automatically if currently no valid blank result exists.
Blank measurement must be performed:
 Before sample analysis starts, and at the beginning of every daily shift
 If the analyzer was not used from more than 3 hours
 After any reagent replacement or service/maintenance operation
In Blank measurement mode, the analyzer will perform a measurement cycle without sample to check
condition of the analyzer. After this cycle the Blank values are displayed.
49 | P a g e
Follow the process below to run Blank:

 In the Main menu select Measure, then New Sample
 Press Blank to perform a blank cycle
 After executing a complete measure cycle (about 3,5 minutes), the
analyzer will display Blank values (see blank result screen on next
page)
Blank acceptable ranges:
Parameter Acceptable Blank High Blank

range
HGB g/L 0-10 < 25
EOS cells/µl 0-0.2 < 0.4
WBC cells/µl 0-0.5 x103 <1
PLT cells/µl 0-25 x103 < 50
RBC cells/µl 0-0.05 x106 < 0,5
Blank values over high limits will not be displayed and “---” symbol appears instead. See more at 9.2.2
If the blank values are within the acceptable ranges, press Accept to
store the blank values.
If one or more parameters are out of range, repeat Blank measurement
2-3 times, by pressing Re-blank key.
If the Blank is stable high for certain parameters, run Cleaning or Hard
cleaning in Maintenance menu (refer to section 11.1).
Press Print to print blank results.
Press Back to return to measure menu.
50 | P a g e
Patient Sample Run

Before running patient samples there must be an accepted Blank measurement performed (see section 8.6.1)
Do not reach inside the instrument during sampling because the needle can cause injury.
Follow the process below to run patient samples:

 Prepare sample for measurement (refer to section 8.3).
 Put the sample tube into the adapter (only open vial)
 On Home screen select Measure then Run. As a result, the New
Sample screen opens (left)
 Select sample type (profiles see below):
 fill out Patient ID or Name (for Worklist ID see more at

8.6.3) and other relevant fields.
 Adjust sampling depth if needed (see section 8.1.2 for
explanation)
 Select Pre-diluted mode if needed
 Tap on Run button on the display.
 The sample rotor will turn blood in and the sample taking sequence starts (once or twice depending
on WBC differential method) After finishing all sample taking, the sample rotor turns out.
51 | P a g e
If there was no Blank measurement performed before, then the

SW will display a warning message. Press OK to measure Blank
before the patient.
After about 3,5 minute the analyzer will display the results. You
can remove sample from holder now
Measurement results screen:

After completing the full measure cycle the analyzer displays results on the following screen.
You have the following options:
 You can print the results by pressing Print button.

 You can send results LIS system pressing Send button
 Return to measurement panel by tapping Back button.
 Enter the measure record with Edit button to modify attributes.
Please, refer to Chapter 9. for detailed explanation of result

interpretation and understanding flagging.
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Remote work list (EMR) mode

If Remote worklist was transferred to the Abacus Vet5 from LIS
(laboratory information system), then this work list is available in
Measure menu after pressing Run
Press EMR(LIS) to see the work list of samples to be measured:
Select sample ID from list for actually processed sample, or scan the
bar code of a sample from the list to automatically set Sample ID and
go to run mode.
Press Run to measure EMR (remote) identified sample.
Notice: for more detailed information about messaging protocols and data transfers between analyzer and
EMR system see the Diatron Communication Protocol document.
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Pre-diluted Sample Run
Before measuring a prediluted sample, the analyzer must be recalibrated in predilution

mode. (see more at 11.2.4)
This mode allows the operator to measure CBC results on samples having only small volumes, or when some
parameters are out of the linearity range. (when m or M flags appear.)
Sample must be diluted manually in an appropriate, clean sample tube with physiological saline at a ratio of
1 part blood sample to 5 parts clean saline. It is important to ensure there is a sufficient final volume in
the tube to enable the analyzer to aspirate the diluted sample satisfactorily.
The suggested minimum diluted sample volume is 300 µl for a Vacutainer sample tube.
When the pre-dilute mode is selected, all results are automatically corrected and calculated for the dilution
factor of 1:6. Please, refer to Pre-diluted calibration in section 11.2 as well.
Make sure to use physiological saline and not diluent to prepare diluted samples, otherwise
some parameters may change due to the stabilizing effect of diluent.
Follow the steps below to run pre-diluted sample:

Prepare a diluted patient sample at a dilution ratio of 1:6 (1 part
blood to 5 parts saline) using physiological saline. Please ensure that
the sample is well mixed and measured on the analyzer immediately
after preparation.
 Go to Measure menu, press New Sample
 Set measurement attributes (Type, Patient ID etc. ) as normally
 Set Prediluted option to Yes
 Place the prepared, diluted sample into the appropriate sample
adapter
 Initiate the measurement by pressing Run button.
 Analysis will take place normally. CBC results are corrected for the
dilution factor, and displayed on the screen and can be printed.
 Remove sample when prompted.
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9 Interpretation of Results
This chapter provides description about interpreting and understanding results and flags.
Results Screen
Result screen of Abacus Vet5 is displayed in 2 separate screens (Parameter and Technical details), where the
header section is same.
Displayed information
Sample identification header (marked with red on the left )
consists of:
PID – patient ID, date and time of sample run, SID – sample ID
and sample Type, WARNING – flags, LYSE setting, Pre-diluted
and Needle settings will also appear here.
Measured parameters (marked with yellow):

Parameter names, values, units, and evaluation if those are lower,
inside or higher than the normal range.
Values within the normal range are displayed white digits, values
outside the normal range are displayed with red and flagged:
“– “ if lower than the normal range, or
“+” if higher than the normal range specified by the measurement
type. (area marked white)
Histograms(marked with orange): Graphical information about
volume distribution of WBC, RBC ,EOS and PLT. Histograms
contain vertical discriminator lines that separate different cell
populations.
The context sensitive buttons provides the following further operations :
Run, initiate the next sample measure
Re-Run: does repeat the current sample, the current results will be saved.
Discard: results will be deleted from measure database.
Tech/Result: depending on what is current screen, it switches between the results and technical
details screen. .
Print, sending the current results to default printer. Exit menu drops back to main screen.
55 | P a g e
Technical details screen

After pressing Tech. button, the following technical details screen
appears. (Pressing Result button, it switches back to result screen)
Warning flag: the related result flags displayed on this area.
Probe voltage: This section shows electrode voltages of chamber during
WBC, RBC and EOS counting. Both min. and max. values are displayed
for service purpose only.
Probe voltage indicate the aperture condition.
WBC lyse volume: in this example 0.6 ml.

Lyse 2 volume: in this example 3,5 ml.
The amount of Lyse volume (only WBC Lyse) can be modified by the
user before a measurement run. Lyse 2 volume is pre set for each
measurement profile.
Diagnostic flags: This area shows evaluations made by the analyzer SW

based on the parameter results.
Context sensitive buttons – at the bottom of the screen – work same way as described in the previous
subchapter.
There are numerous diagnostic and warning flags, see more details at the next chapter, .
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Measurement Flags
This section describes diagnostic and warning flags indicated by Abacus Vet5.
Parameter flag - indication of an out of range parameter

The first flagging method is evaluation against the normal parameter range. Flag appear beside the
parameter.
If a parameter is out of range, it will generate:
 “–” flag if value is under the normal low limit or
 “+” flag if value is exceeding the normal high limit.
 “*” if the sensed parameter is over the error limit(s), but value is
still displayed.
 “E” beside certain conditions (see next chapter), in addition no
data displayed on that particular parameter.
Beside these flag indicators, the flagged parameters are highlighted in
red.
The operator can establish normal ranges for each Profile provided by
the software. (Refer to section 14.3.2)
If 0 (zero) value is set for range limit of a parameter, it will not be
verified, and no normal range graphics will appear behind it.
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Flags for Blank measurement

As the nature of a blank measurement, the optimal values are near zero. (see more information and
acceptable ranges of blank measure at 8.6.1)
Parameters will be flagged if the operator accepted high Blank value. In some cases the associated parameter
is flagged also, but in other case it is dashed out. See details below:
Parameter Value is displayed Value is dashed out ‘–-–‘ Warning flag is

but flagged by ‘* ‘ and flagged by ‘E’ (error) flag displayed
WBC 0.6 - 1.0 x103 cells/µL > 1.0 x103 cells/µL B
RBC 0.06 - 0.5 x106 cells/µL > 0.5 x106 cells/µL b
EOS 0.2 – 0.4 cells/µL > 0.4 cells/µL X
HGB 1 – 2.5 g/dl > 2.5 g/dl H
PLT 26 - 50 x103 cells/µL > 50 x103 cells/µL p
Table 4 blank measure flagging ranges
Flag Meaning Description / Recommended action

p PLT blank is high, or no Clean the wash head. If the problem persists, perform 3 to 5
acceptable PLT blank auto self-cleaning cycles and repeat the blank measurement.
If the flag persists, run a bleaching cycle.
Possible reagent contamination or system cleanliness problem.
If the problem persists, contact Technical Support before
changing the pack
b RBC blank is high, or no Check to see if wash head needs cleaning. If cleaning is
RBC blank needed, clean the wash head, perform 3 to 5 auto self-cleaning
cycles, then repeat the blank measurement.
If the blank is too high, perform a bleach cleaning, then repeat
the blank measurement.
Possible reagent contamination or system cleanliness problem.
If the problem persists, contact Technical Support before
changing the reagent pack
B WBC blank is high, or no Check to see if wash head needs cleaning. If cleaning is
WBC blank needed, clean the wash head, perform 3 to 5 auto self-cleaning
cycles, and repeat the blank measurement.
If the blank is too high, perform 3 to 5 cleaning cycles and
repeat the blank measurement.
Possible electrical noise interference. Be sure to use an uninter-
ruptable power supply (UPS). Repeat the blank.
H HGB blank is high, or no Possible interference. Make sure the side door is closed, and
HGB blank repeat the blank measurement.
Possible bubbles in the WBC chamber. Check the connections
of the reagent inputs and perform a cleaning. Repeat the blank.
X EOS blank is high Check whether the wash head needs cleaning. If needed, clean
Table 5 Summary of blank measure warning flags
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Important: in case a flagged blank measurement – beside the above ranges - is accepted, then all next
patient measurement will be flagged with same warning flags. In exterme case even the measured
values also will be masked with ‘*’ instead of displaying that parameter.
Tip: Perform cleaning,then run Blank measurement again to correct blank measurement flags. See more at
Troubleshooting guide at chapter 16.4
The measurement result warning flags

These flags – in single or multiple instances -are displayed in the header section of the result screen The next
chapters are describing the conditions when these warnings are displayed.
Uppercase warning flags are related to WBC or HGB

measure
Lowercase flags are related to RBC or PLT measure

c RBC/PLT clogging Low-temperature reagents (mainly diluent) can cause this. Be sure to
detected allow reagents to reach room temperature.
Aperture clogging. Run auto self-cleaning 3 to 5 times, then repeat the
measurement. If the problem persists, contact service
s RBC slice error The cyclical cellcounting detected unexpected changes in cell numbers.
Possible clog or flow problem. Check aperture.
d RBC count data lost Internal error , repeat measurement and chek sample taking process
m Linearity error, too much Results are out of linearity range. Run a control cycle to check factors.
WBC /PLT cell detected. Check if Lyse, Lyse2 support is provided on pickup tubes.
Contact Technical Support
k RBC pulse peak too small Check aperture or get contact service
l PLT limit exceeded Run a cleaning, check reagents. Change diluent
Table 6 summary of RBC/PLT measure related result flags
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C WBC clog detected Aperture clogging. Perform 3 to 5 cleaning cycles and repeat
the measurement. If the problem persists, contact Technical
Support.
Low-temperature reagents (mainly diluent) can cause this. Be
sure to allow reagents to reach room temperature.
D WBC count data lost Internal error , repeat measurement and chek sample taking process
S WBC slice error The cyclical cellcounting detected unexpected changes in cell number.
Possible clog or flow problem. Check aperture.
M Linearity error, too much cell Do a dilution on the sample. (See prediluted mode)
detected or coincidence error Check factors with a QC measure.
Check the reagent level and flow if pickup lines are providing enough
lyse reagents.
L Potential lyse-resistant RBCs Re-run the sample at a higher lyse volume (call Technical Sup-
or RBC ghosts or pathological port) or perform a smear to examine the cells.
condition in canine samples
E RBCs or RBC ghosts or Needle may not reach sample. Check needle height and adjust
to –2 mm if needed.
May occur in pathological lymphocytosis. Review slide if WBC
count is outside normal limits.
Possible lyse problem. Prime lyse and repeat the blank.
W Extreme large cells detected Abnormally high number of very large cells in feline samples.
This may indicate clumping of cells or a pathological condition.
Vortex sample for 5–10 seconds at high speed and re-run. Per-
form manual smear to examine cells.
Y EOS clogging Aperture clogging. Perform 3 to 5 cleaning cycles and repeat
the measurement. If the problem persists, contact Technical
Support.
Low-temperature reagents (mainly diluent) can cause this. Be
sure to allow reagents to reach room temperature
Z EOS cellcount too high, noise Possible lysing problem. Make sure there is adequate lyse 2
in EOS channel reagent in the container, and prime if needed
Table 7 Summary WBC differential related result flags
Tip: Flagged results should be repeated
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The diagnostic flags of Abacus Vet5

The analyzer is able to display a set of diagnostic conditions, depending on measured parameter values.
The location of diagnostic flags is the Technical result screen. (see left)
Displayed diagnostic condition Parameter

Erythrocytosis RBC +
Leukocytosis WBC +
Leukopenia WBC -
Neutropenia NEU -
Lymphocytosis LYM +
Neutrophilia NEU +
Lymphopenia LYM -
Monocytosis MON +
Anemia RBC -
Microcytosis MCV -
Macrocytosis MCV +
Anisocytosis RDW +
Hypochromia MCHC -
Macro PLT PDW +
Thrombocytopenia PLT -
Thrombocytosis PLT +
Table 8. Collection of diagnostic flags
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Known Limitations in WBC Differentials

 Each laboratory is responsible for establishing its own protocols for addressing flags. Abacus Vet5
classifies cells based on size differentiation only and does not have the capability of flagging
specimens with morphologic abnormalities of any of the particular cell types.
 Due to the limited performance characteristics of Abacus Vet5, some abnormal cell types that are
present at low frequencies (e.g. ≥1% leukemic blast or plasma cell, >5% atypical lymphocytes, >2%
metamyelocytes, ≥1% myelocyte or 1% promyelocyte or a few blast abnormalities in the absence of
a leukocytosis or lymphocytosis) are not likely to be identified.
 Abacus Vet5 does not have the resolution to flag atypical lymphocytes or abnormal lymphocytes from
normal lymphocytes, based strictly on size differentiation.
 Nucleated RBCs are not classified or flagged by the Abacus Vet5 analyzer.
62 | P a g e
Potential sample induced interferences
Sample Condition Indicators Results Affected Causes Solutions

Lipemia • Cloudy, white plasma. Increased HGB, Non-fasted sample Redraw fasted sample.
a
• High MCHC. MCHC, MCH. Metabolic disorder Use RBC, PCV, MCV, and RDW rather than
RBCs may be HGB, MCH, MCHC values to assess
smudged on blood anemia.
film.
Hemolysis Pink or red plasma. • Decreased Traumatic Redraw w/ clean venipuncture. Remove
RBC, PCV venipuncture needle before dispensing blood into tube.
• Increased Hemolytic anemia N/A
MCHC
Clumped platelets • Decreased platelet count w/ platelet Decreased PLT Traumatic Redraw; collect blood in anti-coagulated
clumps often visible on blood smear or +/- increased venipuncture or syringe or use vacutainer system; invert
applicator stick dipped in sample. WBC feline species tube several times immediately after filling;
• Rising left side of lymphocyte curve. vortex sample immediately before testing.
• Small pale clots stick to wooden applicator
stick swirled in sample. Excess potassium Fill tube at least halfway, or remove portion
• Low platelet histogram with a rising right EDTA (under-filled of potassium EDTA before filling tube.
side. tube)
• Possible tailing on right side of Miscellaneous/ Use alternative anti-coagulant as heparin or
granulocyte curve. idiopathic citrate; vortex sample immediately prior to
sampling.
Giant platelets Right side of platelet histogram runs into Decreased PLT, Thrombopoiesis, Confirm platelet estimate on smear and/or
RBC histogram. decreased MPV feline species manual platelet count.
Clotted sample • Visible clot in sample. Decreased PLT, Traumatic Redraw with clean venipuncture; use
• Red clot(s) stick to wooden applicator stick decreased WBC, venipuncture and/or vacutainer system or anti-coagulated
swirled in sample. and/or decreased delayed transfer to syringe; mix collection tube by multiple
• Platelet clumps may or may not be visible RBC (varies with anti-coagulant inversions immediately after filling. Clotted
on blood smear. clot size) sample may clog the sample needle.
Lyse-resistant • Rising left side of lymphocyte curve. Increased WBC, Idiopathic (most Lyse volume may be adjusted for the
RBCs • L flag in dogs. increased Lymphs commonly with sample
felines)
Interpreting complete blood count parameters
White Blood Cells and Associated Indications
White Blood Cell

(Leukocyte) Role Increase in Disease State Decrease in Disease State
Non-Granulocytic
Lymphocytes B-cells: humoral immunity • Chronic inflammation • Acute/severe disease
(antibody synthesis) • Acute infection/recovery • Viral disease
T-cells: cellular immunity • Lymphocytic leukemia • Endotoxemia
• Hypoadrenocorticism • Hyperadrenocorticism
• Stress-related corticoste-
roid response
Monocytes Immature macrophages — Necrotic, malignant, hemor- Rare, no known significance
phagocytosis of debris/for- rhagic, or immune-mediated
eign material, killer-cell acti- disease
vation
Granulocytes
Neutrophils Phagocytize/kill microorgan- • Inflammation • Bacterial infection
isms, initiate and modify • Neoplasm • Viral infection
Left shift: Increased
inflammatory process, cyto- • Stress • Drug-induced (bone mar-
numbers of immature toxic • Exercise/excitement row depression)
neutrophils/band cells.
• regenerative: up to
50% bands, neutro-
philia, absence of
myelocytes/metamy-
elocytes
• degenerative: >10%
bands, depressed
total neutropenia,
presence of myelo-
cytes/metamyelo-
cytes (poor
prognostic indicator)
Right shift: Increased
number of hyperma-
ture (hyper-seg-
mented) neutrophils,
often seen with non-
infectious inflammatory
process (e.g. malig-
nancy)
Eosinophils • Parasiticidal • Parasitic infection • Stress
• Cytotoxic • Allergic responses • Hyperadrenocorticism
• Phagocytic • Hypoadrenocorticism • ACTH therapy
Basophils • Initiate inflammation • Allergic reactions No known significance
• Prevent coagulation • Parasitic infection
• Activate lipoprotein lipase • Neoplasia
Red Blood Cell Parameters and Associated Indications
Parameter Definition Diagnostic Consideration

Hematocrit (HCT) Percentage of total cellular constituents Anemia exists when the HCT falls below the
(primarily red blood cells) in a unit of reference range for the species.
whole blood Hematocrit will normally have a value of
approximately three times (3X) the hemoglo-
bin value.
Hemoglobin (HGB) The oxygen-carrying component of red Hemoglobin normally falls in the range of one
blood cells; allows for the calculation of third (1/3) of the hematocrit value.
MCH and MCHC
RBC Indices
Anemia Characteriza-
tion
MCV Measure of the volume of an average • Increase: most commonly associated with
Mean Corpuscular RBC reticulocytes/regenerative anemia
Hemoglobin • Decrease: iron-deficiency anemia
• Normal MCV is consistent with non-regen-
erative anemia, often due to chronic dis-
ease. MCV should always be interpreted in
light of other clinical data.
MCH Calculated HGB concentration of an aver- • Increase: most commonly the result of
Mean Corpuscular age RBC hemolysis
Hemoglobin • MCH = (HGB x 10) / RBC (in pico- • Decrease: hypochromasia common in iron-
grams) deficiency anemia and reticulocytosis
MCHC Calculated HGB concentration in an aver- • In the anemic state, normal MCHC (with
Mean Corpuscular age RBC normal MCV) is consistent with non-regen-
Hemoglobin • MCHC = MCH / MCV (in grams of erative anemia due to chronic disease.
Concentration HGB per 100 ml RBCs) • Decrease: hypochromasia common in iron-
deficiency anemia and reticulocytosis.
RDW Measure of red blood cell anisocytosis • Elevated RDW is typically indicative of
Red Cell Distribution (cell size variation) anisocytosis. In the anemic state,
Width increased RDW with an associated
increase in MCV can indicate increased
levels of immature RBCs.
65 | P a g e
Platelet Parameters and Associated Indications

Parameter Increase in Disease State Decrease in Disease State
Total Platelet Count Thrombocytosis is present with excess • Disseminated intravascular coagulation
bleeding, iron deficiency anemia and • Bone marrow depression
myeloproliferative syndromes. • Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
• Severe hemorrhage
• Liver disease
• Parasites
MPV Indirect evidence of increased (bone mar- Not an accurate predictor of decreased mega-
Mean Platelet Volume row) megakaryocyte response. karyocyte response.
PCT Volume of platelets expressed as a per- Volume of platelets expressed as a percent-
Platelet Hematocrit centage of whole blood (used as a age of whole blood (used as a research tool).
research tool).
PDW Increased measure of platelet anisocyto- No known clinical significance.
Platelet Distribution sis (platelet size variation) indicative of
Width active platelet release.
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10 Database Operations
Patient results are stored in the analyzer’s memory in chronological order, and can be viewed in the database
at any time.
Memory capacity is 5.000 patient records, including all parameters, histograms, flags, sample ID and
date/time of measurement.
If storage space is full, the latest (actual) record will overwrite the oldest record in the Database.
We suggest to use data backup feature to archive record regularly. (se more at 10.4.3)
The Database menu

To access Database table, press the Database icon in the Main Menu.
This will display a main database screen, which allows selecting
stored results for further operation.
All records can be selected/deselected by pressing Select all button
on top of the screen.
Selected state is indicated by a filled (yellow) circle in front of each
record. Press this button to select/deselect that record.
The top indicator is active if at least one record is selected.
Use the ⇧ and ⇩ keys to browse within records, and tap ⇦ and ⇨ to
browse between parameters columns.
Details button allows the user to view results with histograms, the
same results screen like after measurement. (10.2)
Total number of records, and the number of selected records are
displayed below the list.
If more than one records are selected, the Trends button will be
activated, and the SW will be capable of calculating statistics of the
parameters (mean, SD, CV, Levy-Jennings chart).
Print will start printing selected records on the actually set printer.
Filter button allows searching/selecting records by specific criteria.
Manage button allows the user Delete, Send, or Backup selected records.
Exit button will return to Main menu.
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Switching between views

Pressing Details button in Database menu will show the actual or the first of selected records.
The user can switch between Parameters and Tech detail views by pressing the Tech/Result button.
Editing stored records

In database detail view certain data fields of the database records can be edited/updated.
Sample ID, Type of measurement, Prediluted mode, Lyse settings, and
Sampling depth cannot be modified. Those are indicated by shaded box.
Patient ID, Name of patient, Age, Gender and name of Doctor can be
modified.
Touching the white box of the data field, an on-screen keyboard will pop
up (see screen below).
After finishing all modifications, press Accept to save changes and return
to Details view.
Press Cancel if you wish to exit by discarding all changes made.
68 | P a g e
This screen shows an example of on-screen keyboard when entering

the Patient ID.
The field identifier (Patient ID) appears in the header of the keyboard
pop-up menu item.
Type in the desired data, and press Enter to save changes.
Use Shift to toggle between uppercase/lowercase characters.
Use Del key to delete the last character.
Press Cancel to discard changes and return to previous screen.
Filtering and Selecting records in database

Data records can be selected either individually by pressing the selection button in front of the record, or by
using Select in Filter function. Result filter helps filtering the database for further operations.
Press Filter button in Database menu to access Result filter function.
Stored records can be filtered/selected by the following criteria (see
screen for further details):
 Measured between specified dates (date from/to)
 Patient ID
 Sample ID
 Type of measurement
 Records: All/Selected settings only
The default setting for the date is the actual date. Pressing Clear will
delete all filter setting and restore default settings.
Press Select button to select the records that meet the criteria or
press Filter button to filter those records from database that meet the
criteria.
Press Cancel to return to main database menu without changes.
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A numerical input pop-up screen will appear after pressing e.g. Date to
field.
Type the desired date and press Enter. ‘/’ character will appear
automatically. Use Delete to delete the last character.
Press Cancel to discard changes.
Data input is similar for Patient ID and Sample ID fields as well.
Selection on filtering can be applied on the whole database (All) or on
the already Selected records only. Push the Records field to toggle
between these two states.
Press Type field (see below) if you wish to filter/select specific breed
records of measurements. The following selection screen will appear.
After selecting the filter condition(s), the list of relevant records

appear in the database main screen.
Notice: Only these records will be shown until the filter conditions are
cleared.
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Managing the selected records in database

After selecting records in database main menu, press Manage to select from the operations below.
By pressing Delete, selected records can be deleted.
Send button can be used to transmit selected records to external

computer or laboratory information system (LIS).
Backup button will open back-up options menu. Selected records can
be saved in different file formats onto USB mass storage device
connected to the analyzer, such as a USB pen drive.
Press Back to return to Database menu.
Deleting selected records

Pressing Delete button in Manage database menu will delete
records selected previously.
Since deleted records cannot be restored, the SW will ask for
confirmation with this screen.
Press OK to proceed, or Cancel to return without deleting
records selected.
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Sending selected records to computer or LIS

It is possible to send selected records – from detailed view screen - to a connected computer or laboratory
information system (LIS). There must be a hardware connection already established between the analyzer
and the external PC or network. For details on setting up communication link, please, refer to Section 14.3.
After selecting records in database main menu, press Manage then tap
on the Send button to transmit selected records to external computer
or laboratory information system (LIS).
The local Send menu will appear, to select appropriate target..
Select the connection to send the selected records to, or press Cancel to
cancel the operation.
On the Send screen select:
 PC to transmit selected records to a PC via Ethernet channel
 EMR to upload the selected record to a PC or LIS connected via
Ethernet port, as remote work list was previously downloaded from LIS
to Abacus Vet5
 USB-Serial to use PC link via USB-B port connection, and serial
communication protocol.
After selecting the communication channel, a progress bar indicates

the transfer.
Press Abort to stop sending the data record, and return to Manage
menu or wait until transmission is over.
Note: the measured records can be sent automatically to any of

above receivers, depending on the analyzer settings (see more
14.3)
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Backing up of selected records

Tapping Backup button in Manage database menu will open backup options menu.
Before proceeding with backup function, insert a pen drive into any of USB A ports.
Select one of the Backup options below:
 Save: to save selected records in .dat format. Data files that saved
in this format can be viewed later, using Backup view function.
 Export: to export selected records as .txt file. In this ASCII format,
data can be easily imported into Excel and other programs.
(Refer to section 14.1 to set up format of text exported to file.)
 Backup view: function will open .dat format data files previously
saved onto a pen drive. See section 10.4.4 for details.
 Backup one day: function will allow you to backup data record of
a specific day in .dat format. See section 10.4.5.
Press Home to go to Main menu.
Press Back to return to Manage menu.
If Save or Export functions are selected, the following progress bar

will appear during file saving, indicating the name of the file being
saved. File mask contains analyzer serial, date and an order number.
Wait until the save operation is completed (progress bar is over), check
the pen drive if there is further activity (LED flashing).
Remove pen drive from USB port if no activity detected to avoid data
loss.
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Backup view function

This function allows the operator to retrieve saved records database and
view the data records on the display.
The saved backup data is not merged with database which is stored on
the analyzer.
The data opened in this backup view mode can be selected for view, print
or transmission.
 Insert the pen drive containing saved data into any USB A port
 Tap Backup view in Backup menu.
 The analyzer will list saved database (.dat) files found. Use the
arrows to select the specific file to view
 press OK to view records, the software switches to database view
to browse records
After opening the record database from pen drive, the following menu appears. The header will show the
actually displayed backup file name.
Individual records can be viewed by Details button, similarly as normal

database view.
Records loaded from the USB storage device can be displayed, printed,
filtered, managed, and statistic trends could calculated just like for
normal database records.
Tap Back button to return to Backup menu.
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Backup one day

Use this function if you wish to save records of one particular day from the database.
Tap Backup one day button in Backup menu, and follow the steps
below:
 Connect a pen drive into any USB A port.

 Tap the white Date field and enter the date you wish to save.
 Press Enter, then tap Accept. The SW will save data records in
.dat (database) format.
Press Cancel to return to Backup menu without saving data onto the
pen drive.
Exporting database
This feature allows to use mesured data in 3rd party systems, for
example to import in spreadsheet application.
 Connect a pen drive into any USB A port.
 Tap Export button on Backup screen.
 Wait until progressbar is shown and action is finished.
 Press Enter, then tap Accept. The SW will save data records in .txt
(Tab separated) format.
The ongoing export process is indicated by a processbar on screen.
Press Cancel to return to Backup menu without saving data onto the
pen drive.
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Trends - creating L- J charts

Abacus Vet5 SW can calculate and display statistic diagrams from selected records. On the main database
screen select the records you wish to calculate statistics about. Refer to sections 10.1 and 10.3.
Tap on the Trends button. A Levy-Jennings chart will be displayed.
The software will calculate N (number of data points), CV (coefficient

of variance), SD (standard deviation), and MEAN value.
Use the white arrow icons on screen to move through all L-J chart
screens .
Tapping on a point on the curve, the actual measurement values will

be displayed within white window.
Press Print to print tabular or Levy-Jennings charts.
Press Exit to return to main database screen.
Sample L-J chart screen:
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Printing selected records

Pressing Print key after selecting multiple records, the printout
process automatically starts onto the builtin printer (processbar shows
advance of the process)
In case external printer is configured (see setting at 14.1) the following
option screen pops up.
Press Result by result to print normal report format.

Press Table format to print a summary of records without histograms.
Press Cancel to cancel printing.
There will be a progress bar displayed during printing.
The operator can abort printing by pressing Abort key.
Refer to chapter 18 to see available printing formats.
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11 Maintenance menu
Maintenance screen collects the followin analyzer features : Cleaning,
Calibration, Diagnostics, and Reagent Status menus.
These feature groups will be described through this chapter.
To open maintenace group tap on the Maintenance button on the Main
screen :
Cleaning menu
Cleaning: Starts one wash cycle using the cleaning reagent connected
to cleaner input. A cleaning cycle is automatically performed during a
start-up and a shutdown procedure.
Clean the wash head: It is recommended to use this option when
executing maintenance..
Hard Cleaning: It must be performed weekly as part of routine
maintenance. Clogging errors or high PLT blank indicates the need for
additional hard cleaning.
Bleaching: Used only on demand, during troubleshooting when the
Blank results are constantly high.
Drain Chamber: Used during troubleshooting or component
replacement only.
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Clean the wash head

This function is for supporting the weekly wash head cleaning
protocoll.
When activating the function, it drives needle to an available
position, where manual acess to wash head is allowed.
Detailed description about the wash head cleaning procedure is
described under chapter Weekly maintenance 15.2.3.1
Activate the function pressing the Clean the wash head button on
Cleaning screen and follow the software instructions during
procedure.
Hard cleaning
Analyzer asks for about 2ml cleaning solution (Diatron D801 Hypoclean CC ) in a sample vial. This chemical
will be breath through sampling needle, filled into chamber then diluted. After a few minutes waiting it is
flushed out regularly, then a clean cycle is executed automatically.
Hard cleaning is part of the weekly maintenance.
Bleaching
This feature allows an overall hypo solution cleansing of the whole fluidic system. Detailed step by step
procedure is available at 15.2.3.3, Maintenace procedures.
Drain chamber
Used during troubleshooting or component replacement only. Drain of the chamber should be run before
removal or replacement of parts related to the measuring chambers or apertures (Service personnel task).
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Calibration Menu
In Calibration menu, the operator can initiate calibration of Abacus Vet5 or can review calibration history.
Prior to Calibration, a Self-Test and a Blank Measurement must be performed with acceptable results.
Calibration is required at new installation or when the control values are out of range. Also obligatory if any
of measure hardware component is replaced.
Press Factors to check or modify Calibration factors manually.
Tap Database to see calibration database.
Push Calibration with measurement to run calibrator.
Tap History to see history of calibration events by factors.
Pressing Prediluted enters to Prediluted calibration menu. Prediluted
calibration factors are used to calculate results measured in Pre-
diluted mode. Refer to section 8.6.5 for details on pre-diluted sample
mode.
Calibration Factors menu

This menu (next page) allows the operator to view or modify the actual calibration factors. Tap the white box
of each factor to enter a new value.
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Press Accept when all factors are recorded to save the new values.
This will generate a new event in the calibration history log, with the
current date and time, by storing the new factors. See calibration
history in section 11.2.3.
Press Print to print the factors.
Press Cancel to discard changes and return to Calibration menu.
After the new factors are recorded and accepted the software drops
back to Calibration screen.
Note: calibration factor can be modified from 0.7 to 1.3. All in all,
three factor is existing: factory setting, service factor, user factor.
Performing Calibration with Measurement

In Calibration menu, select Measure option to start procedure.
The calibration target data form pops up and it must be filled
manually accordingly the used 5 part calibrator assay sheet. (See the
previous point)
If you wish to calibrate pre-diluted mode, then prepare pre-diluted
calibrator material then follow the procedure described under
11.2.4
After accepting the calibration target values the next screen (see left)
asks for two more option to give:
Prediluted: Yes , or No
Sampling depth: See section 8.1.2 for details.
Tap Accept to proceed to run calibrator, or Cancel to exit without
calibration.
If Accept is pressed, the analyzer will save the target values and
proceed to calibration measure screen.
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Mix the calibrator thoroughly, insert it into the sample adapter and
press Run when ready to start-
After a calibrator measurement is complete, the results will be

displayed. (It takes about 3,5 minutes per measurement)
If the results look good, and there are no warning flags displayed,
Run calibrator again until the preset number of runs (3) is reached.
If warning flag was received (‘C’ or ‘c’ meaning clogging, etc.), press
Discard to delete that particular calibration run and Run a
calibrator again.
After performing the last run, press Evaluate then a statistical
evaluation of calibration results will appear.
Target values, means of runs, CV% and the new calculated factors will
appear (see screenshot to the left).
If CV% (coefficient of variance) values and the new factors are
satisfactory, press Accept to save the new calibration factors.
Calibration of the analyzer is ready.
If a calibration factors is outside acceptable range, it will be

highlighted by red.
Press Cancel if you do not wish to modify calibration factors.
 If results are not acceptable, repeat the calibration process using
a new vial of calibrator material.
 If it is still not acceptable, call Technical Support.
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Calibration History
This menu contains historical calibration information. The changes of the factors by time can be followed.
Use the arrow icons on screen to go through the set of factors
Notice : the calibration measure records stored between normal

measurements, in the standard database. In these record the SID field
contains CAL
Database contains the details of each calibration run.
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Pre-diluted Mode Calibration menu

In Calibration -> Prediluted menu there are two options.
In Factors menu, the operator can check and modify the calibration
factors used for pre-diluted sample runs.
In History menu the history of the pre-diluted calibration factors
can be reviewed, just like for normal calibration factors.
Tap Home to return to Main menu.
Press Back to return to Calibration menu.
Prediluted calibration factors and history menus. See sections 11.2.1 and 11.2.3 for details on use.
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Diagnostic menu
The most important service functions are collected under this menu group:
To open this screen go Maintenance ->Diagnostic

Available functions for normal user from diagnostic screen:
- Device report under Device information
- Analyzer usage from Statistics report
- Selfcheck of electronic and pneupatic functions with
Selftest function
- Stress test, serves for cleaning, troubleshooting or burn in
test
- View a fullscale logfile about operation
- Database of finished blank measurements opening with
Blank database button
Device information menu
Serves for general purposes, informs about the software

environment of the device.
On this screen the following information are available:
- Model of analyzer
- Actual SW version
- Firmware version
- Release date of software
- Device serial number
Use these information for troubleshooting purpose and report it to
Diatron technical support when asked.
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Statistic menu
In current menu the user can follow the numbers of most important events as:
- Number of measured samples
- Number of reagent changes.
- Startups and shutdowns.
- Clog events
- Wash head cleanings initiated
- Pneumatic events
- Internal errors reported to software
These numbers gives a clean picture how operator used the machine,
if the necessary maintenances has completed, if the system was
shutdown regularly. Large difference between startups and
shutdowns might indicate unreliable power mains beside several
power-cuts.
It is also important that the logged measure numbers projects when
the preventive maintenance is necessary.
This screen is available for standard level users as well, but only
service account can clear the event log statistic.
Stress test menu

Activate this function tapping Diagnostic -> Stress test.
The function is available for all user account.
With help of Start and Start10 buttons blank measurement
cycle(s) can be initiated.
The results of each blank measurement is displayed in the output
window. This way it is easy to follow the tendencies of the
measured parameters. Stress test is used especially for
troubleshooting purpose in case:
- High PLT background
- Chamber partially clogged for aperture cleaning
(WBC or RBC blank is over blank limit)
- cleaning the system
- Doing burn in test
- After technical interventions in measurement chamber or
tubing. (aperture change, O ring change, electrode change)
The stress measurements are decreasing measurement credits,
they are written into log but not written into blank database.
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The stress cycle results also can be printed or saved into external USB data device. IMPORTANT: Blank data
is not stored and will be deleted if leave this screen with Exit command.
Self test menu

Activate this function tapping the Self test button on the main Diagnostic screen. As a result, the following
screen appears:
After pressing the Start button, the results of test will appear in the middle column, between target values.
Result will be indicated in red or green color depending it has passed or failed.
Self test results can be printed or saved, using the Print or Save buttons accordingly. To be able to save list,
an external USB storage must be present, otherwise system drops a warning.
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View log menu

This log file continuously written during the operation of the
analyzer. Contains all interaction, event and warning of the
software. It serves primarily for troubleshooting purposes.
It is also possible to make a copy of this eventlog using Save Log
button. If external USB pendrive is attached then a processbar
indicates the copy process.
Eventlog can be sent to printer pressing Print button. The
currently set printer will be used as output. (See more at Settings-
>Printer in chapter 14.1)
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Blank database menu

This function lists all, previously accepted blank measurement. It
is useful to check condition of the device and compare RBC, WBC,
PLT values were recorded in different dates. This way the
tendencies can be observed.
Viewing detailed measurement data with histograms is possible
after selecting one or more record. Tap on the white circle at the
beginning of the record to select it.
In case to many records existing in the table, you can use the Filter
button to decrease the number of displayed rows. Filter condition
can be date or ID.
With help of Manage button the operator person can do operation
on the record like deletion, backup to external drive or sending to
LIS.
As usual, these reports also can be printed to default printer.
Trends button serves for viewing measurement result tendencies
by time. How to use this feature :
Select the interested records one by one or all using group selector.
Press Trends button. (see screenshots below)
Selection of all blank records on the screen Blank database
Requesting a Trends calculation from selected records , the example

result can be seen on the next screenshot. (see next page)
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The result screen of the Trends function (below):
Red lines represent the least and largest measured values that has
occured in the record set. Trend line itself is drawn by black.
At the end of the diagram the number represents the number of
points the diagram calculated of. (In this example its 53)
The numerical values of individual parameters are written onto
the white box located at end of the chart.
Increasing trend could be a sign of a starting clog or possible

contamination.
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Reagent Status
This menu helps in monitoring reagents, set up and check lot numbers,
expiration date, and actual level.
There are individual sensors for the all input reagents, which can be
turned On/Off by switching the sensor icon by pulling left/right.
For priming press Prime at the selected reagent, or Prime all to prime all
reagents. Reagent sensors will control priming.
Go to Replace menu, if you wish to replace the reagent pack (see later
more).
Waste and reagent level % calculation is based on the preset of the tank
capacity. (On this analyzer only waste tank volume can be adjusted)
Pressing Volume button, you can redefine the volume of the waste
container.
If you receive reagent sensor error messages, then run Calibrate sensors
to reset sensors (see section 11.4.4 below).
Tap Measurement credits to check measurement credit counter (see section)
Pressing Reset will restore Waste counter to 0%. Make sure to dispose of the contents of waste container.
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Replacing Reagents
As first change reagent containers then connect them to analyzer according to reagent pack installation
instructions. Then follow the steps below to introduce new reagent set to software. All reagent replacement
event is logged.
Step 1. From the Main Menu screen select Maintenance -> Reagent
Status function.
Step 2. Insert the hardware key to the marked side connector of the
front plate. Key always enclosed to Lyse bottle.
Step 3. press the Replace button at the bottom of the screen.
When you select Replace the instrument will look for a reagent key
(HK).
The analyzer software will display the following (right):
Step 4. Confirm that pack has already changed and pickup tubes
are connected to inlets pressing the big Change pack button.
As a result, device executes the reagent priming on all channels.

The consumption counters will be reset.
Waste volume can be reset independently of reagent changes as

necessary.
Hint: the empty diluent container of the previous pack can be used
further as new waste container.
Step 5. After reagent change run a blank measure to ensure fluidic

system is primed well and no bubbles remained.
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The Reagent Lock System

Abacus Vet5 is equipped with a Reagent Lock System to prevent use of inappropriate or bad quality reagents
to provide the best results possible.
Reagent Lock System is an electronic storage of measurement credits, which is uploaded to 200 at the factory.
At each measurement – including blanks -, this counter is continuously decreasing by one. If the number of
credits reaches 0 (zero), the analyzer will not perform more measurements, but displays an error message.
Warning about low credit level is first time displayed when remaining credit number is less than 30. Then
warning is repeated at each 10th measure.
To restore the consumed measurement credits, a reagent hardware key (HK) must be introduced every time
when the new pack is installed.
Figure 11. Hardware Key (HK) of lyse reagent
The key (above) is the part of Lyse reagent and enclosed to reagent pack. If key is missing from reagent pack
then contact your sales representative. Connect it only to the special USB connector where it is indicated
(front side connector).
In case a used key is inserted into system the enclosed message
appears (see left). If this happens, insert an unused key and press
Retry.
For practical reasons, the maximum credit number can be stored on

the regent lock is limited to 210.
All measurement cycles will decrease the number of measurement credits, except for
initialization, standby and wake up cycles.
Counting of measurement credits is connected to lyse consumption. Despite it is possible

that lyse level still not flat while the counter already fall down to 0.
This is due to the additional volume of reagent in container that planned to consume for
extra maintenance and/or service procedures.
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Checking the available credits:

To check manually the available credits, use the Measurement credits button on the reagent status screen.
As a result, the below status screen appears, both leftover credits and
HK current credit content is displayed:
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Liquid sensors
Abacus Vet5 is equipped with four channel liquid sensor that can check all input reagents and can be turned
On/Off in Reagent status menu. (Notice: Diluent and Cleaner shares on the same optic sensor but using it
beside different scheduling)
Monitoring the reagents with liquid sensors reduces the risk of

performing a measurement without adequate amount of reagent
and blood sample.
Turn off (disable) one or more sensors and perform the related
maintenance operations if:
 There are micro bubbles in the tubing of Abacus Vet5. Check the
tubing connections at the reagent containers, the pick-up tubes and
at the back of the unit. Correct/reconnect tubing if needed.
 Some contamination dried or accumulated in a position that it
blocks the sensor. In this case the sensor always incorrectly detects
liquid. Turn off the affected sensor(s) and perform cleaning/hard
cleaning sequences until the contamination is removed and the
Abacus Vet5 is fully operational again. Afterwards enable all sensors
again and run Calibrate sensors.
 If the service person instructs you to do so. In this case, follow
their instructions.
You can perform measurements (animal sample, QC, calibration, blank) only if all the
liquid sensors are turned on (enabled), i.e. their check boxes are ‘On’.
Use Calibrate sensors function to start a procedure to readjust trigger/threshold setting of the liquid
sensors.
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12 Quality Control (QC) Menu

Quality control menu allows the operator to monitor day-to-day reproducibility and accuracy of Abacus Vet5.
Before performing QC measurements the target values and tolerance ranges for each parameter must be
entered for the QC material (control blood) you wish to use.
Target values and tolerance ranges are listed on the assay sheet of the QC material.
Target values of the control material should be set only once, when you start using the
given lot. Resetting parameters deletes previous QC results of that level.
Any change in the QC material setting deletes previous QC results. It is strongly
recommended to print QC results prior to changes.
In QC menu the operator can enter a new lot of controls (by scanning the barcode, loading from data file or
by entering the assay data from the assay sheet manually), review data of previous control lots, and print
Levy-Jennings graphs. For general instructions on running samples, refer to Chapter 8.6.
Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions for warming and mixing of the QC material
before use. Instructions are listed in the package insert instruction sheet.
Keep track of the expiration date and open-bottle stability of the QC material.
Please, remove the cap before running the control.
Performing QC measurement
The QC control screen divided to three identical groups, where the low,
normal and high level control measurements are handled individually.
Open the next screen tapping any of the three buttons to start work with
the Quality Control blood. (see next page)
Press Back to return to Main menu.
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Opening one of the QC levels, the new screen provides the following
functions for the operator:
References: opening this function the reference data sheet of the QC
material opens and values can be entered. (see next)
Measure: this button initiate the measuring process.
Diagram: opens the actual QC level Levey Jennings diagrams.
Database: opens the current QC level measurement history giving
access to data records.
Home button drops the Main screen, Back button guides one menu
level back.
Entering New Lot of QC material

After pressing References button the target value screen (left) opens.
The new LOT data must fill up here. Data can be entered manually
(through screen touch keyboard or external keyboard) or reading the
whole table from barcode.
If you have a 2D (Q-R) bar code reader connected to the analyzer, then
target values and tolerance ranges can be read from the Abacus Vet5
assay sheet, by scanning the QR code (see example below):
If you have a target value file on a USB pen drive for this lot, then
connect the pen drive and press Load button. Contact your local
distributor for proper data file (e.g. QC_31611.ini’).
When finished, press Accept to save QC lot data, or Cancel to return
to previous menu without saving changes.
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Important note: as the analyzer handles three and not more QC level all the time, when new LOT number is
recorded the following warning message will be shown :
As a consequence, the existing reference ranges will be over written.
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Performing a QC measurement
After the target data saved , the software returns to QC main screen.
Tap on the Measure button, a standard measure screen opens .
Put the prepared control blood into sample holder, then tap on Run.
The measurement is performed, the record will be saved standard
measure database indicating the measure type is ‘QC Low’, ‘QC Normal’
or ‘QC High’
If QC measurement results are not satisfying, then you can repeat it
using the Discard button.
You can switch to technical screen with Tech. button or immediately
jump to LJ charts pressing the Diagram button.
Levy-Jennings QC chart
Levy-Jennings charts of the actual LOT are displayed after opening this
database from QC main screen with Diagram button or jumping here
from the QC measure screen.
The mean and the specified range are displayed on the right for each
parameter.
Press Print to print table or Levy-Jennings charts.
Use ⇦ and ⇨ to move between data points.
Use ⇧ and ⇩ to browse between parameters.
Press Database to see the QC measurement results in database view.
Refer to Chapter 9.4. on database options.
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QC database
The former QC measurement records of current LOT can be overviewed
or managed opening the QC database screen.
Use Quality Control -> QC<type> -> Database button to open this list.
Handling the records here is same as described in 10.4, Managing
records chapter.
Deatails button switches to result screen to look over measured results.
Trends button switches to Levey Jennings chart, as described in the
previous chapter. Filter and Manage buttons working same way as it is
described in 10.4, Managing records chapter. You can Print results also.
The Exit button switches back to QC main screen.
Important note. This database flushed each time if reference data saved
on same LOT number or existing LOT reference value is modified.
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13 Multi-User Mode
Multi-user mode provides the clinical laboratory manager the means to control access to the Abacus Vet5
analyzer by ensuring that only authorized users can operate the analyzer. With the multi-user mode, the
laboratory manager can assign some users the authority to perform critical system functions such as
maintenance and calibration, and restrict other users to routine activities such as running samples.
Types of Users
Multi-user mode provides three types of users:
 Admin (administrator) users have access to all system functions.
 Advanced user can access all functions, except for setting up users.
 Basic users can run samples, but cannot perform calibration and system settings.
NOTICE: special functions and extended software functions are available for Service account. See service
manual for further details. Only trained service person is entitled to act as service user on the analyzer.
Logging in
The operator has to log in using its password in order to use the
analyzer. Users can be set up by the person having Admin access to the
analyzer.
In Exit menu, press Log in to start log in.
In order to manage users, Admin level of user has to log in.
The default Admin password is ‘0’ (one zero character).

If Multi-user mode is used, it is strongly recommended to change the Admin password, so
that no one can manage the user privileges without knowing the new password.
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Log in screen will appear.

Tap the box over Login name to select from available users, enter
the password, then press Enter.
If you are logged in as Admin, then in the Exit menu User
management menu will be available, otherwise Logout only.
User Management
After logging in as Admin user, the User management menu is
available to set up and modify users.
Tap Add new user to set up a new user account.
Press Remove user to delete an existing user account.
Tap Automatic login set, to set up the default user.
Tap Edit user to modify an existing user account.
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Add new user

Use this menu to set up new user accounts and privilege levels for multi-user mode.
Tap each box to modify its contents.
Login name will appear in the Log in box to select from.
Password should be entered and re-entered for security reasons. This
password must be entered by the user selected for the log in name.
User type should be selected: Admin, Advanced or Basic.
Refer to section 13.1 for details on user types.
Additional data fields, such as name, phone, email can be entered for
each user as well.
Press Accept to save the new user account.
Press Cancel to exit without saving.
Deleting an existing user

To delete an existing user, press Remove user button on the User
Management screen, which will bring up the screen on the left.
Tapping on the Login name field, it rotates the currently defined

usernames around, to allow the selection of the one you would like to
delete.
Press Accept button to confirm operation or Cancel to return back to

User Management screen.
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Editing a user account

To edit an existing user profile’s attributes , press Edit user button on
the User Management screen, which will bring up the next screen:
As editable parameters user can change Login Name, Password, User

type, Personal name, Phone nr, Email address.
Press Accept button to confirm operation or Cancel to return back to

User Management screen.
Autologin setting
Press the press Automatic login set button on the User Management screen. A selection window pops up.
If automatic log in feature is set for any of the listed users, the analyzer will all the time log into that account
as default.
Step 1. Log in as Admin and press Automatic login set. The following menu
appears.
Step2. Select the user account for automatic log in.
By tapping Automatic login off the operator can turn off this feature, then
the analyzer will start with the Exit menu to start with Log in.
Be careful to set Admin as automatic log in user, because then all multi-user modes will
be available, including editing Admin password.
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14 Settings menu
From the Settings menu five more submenus can be accessed with custom options.
 Printer settings for selecting printing options

 General settings for the analyzer user interface
 Measurement options
 system Date and time
 Communication settings to set up external communication
channels
Tap the submenu buttons to proceed.

Pressing Back button will return to Main menu screen .
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Printer settings
Enter this menu to select printer used for printing and other settings related to printing.
There are the following options available:
 Tap Device to select printer and related settings, or
 Push Format to adjust individual fields printed
 Home button takes you to Main menu
 Back button will step back to Settings menu
Under Device menu tap the white fields to modify the followings:
Printer: USB or Builtin.
Mode: (only selectable if Printer is
USB). Normal b&w, Draft b&w,
Normal color, Draft color
Paper: A4 or rollpaper.
Unit: cm or inch
Top margin, Left Margin: value is
given by Unit setting (cm or inch).
Automatic printing: if Enabled, the
analyzer will print all measurement
results automatically after each
measurement.
In printer format menu, tap the
white field to Enable/Disable option.
Limits: if Enabled, normal ranges will be printed on the report
Warnings: if Enabled Warning flags will appear on printout
Technical information: controls printing of lyse volume and probe
voltages
Diagnostic flags: if Enabled diagnostic flags will be printed
Operator can set up text printed into the Laboratory headers.
Header lines 1..4: can contain customized text, name of lab, address,
telephone number, contact person, etc.
Tap the appropriate white field to enter or modify text.
Press Accept to save settings and exit, or press Cancel to exit without
saving changes.
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General settings
In General settings screen the following options can be set up or modified:
 Sound Enabled or Disabled.

 Language of the user interface (see available list below):
 Export format of data transmission can be set up, as

o Advanced text: Results are saved only
o Simple text: Results are saved with ranges
o Extended text: Results are saved with histograms and ranges
 Screensaver time setting:
o specifies the time elapses without touch screen activity before the screen goes off to conserve
power. Default setting: 15 min. Maximum value 3600 min. This setting has no effect on
standby time of the fluidic system which is fixed to 15 minutes.
 Barcode reader: Disabled, Sample ID or Patient ID, to define, how the read barcode must interpret and
store.
After changes made, press Accept to save changes and exit. Press Cancel to discard changes, and return to
Settings menu.
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Measurement settings
This menu collects the options related to measurement data formats and
ranges.
The below options are available:
Units submenu to define base units
Normal ranges, to define limits
Needle settings: to adjust sample taking position inside the vial
Press Home to return to Main menu.
Press Back to return to Settings menu.
Measurement units settings

This setting menu can be used to set up units of measured parameters.
The possible options are:
Count: cells/l or cells /µl
HGB: g/dl or mmol/l or g/l
PCT, HCT: % or ABS
Tap the white fields to change and Accept to save changes made.
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Normal ranges settings

In this menu Normal ranges can be set up for Dog, Cat, Horse and all other Profiles.
Tap the Type field to select profile to edit or review.
Press ⇦ and ⇨ keys to move between normal ranges screens of
parameters.
Push any of the parameters field to edit the value, and press Enter.
Press Accept to save changes made, or Cancel to discard changes.
Needle settings
This menu serves to adjust sample taking position of the needle
inside the vial. The needle tip can be shifted from -2mm to + 15 mm,
related to default position. (-2 mm means lower, + range means
higher position)
Tap on the required needle height , then accept setting tapping to
Accept button below.
Figure 12 Sampling depth
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Date and time settings

With this menu the analyzer system date and used format can be
adjusted.
System date can be opened tapping Set Date and time button in
Settings menu. The adjustment screen can be seen below.
Date format: select date format one of Day/Month/Year or
Month/Day/Year or Year/Month/Day formats.
Time format: can be 12h mode or 24h mode.
Press Accept to save date and time settings and exit or Cancel to exit
without saving changes.
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Communication settings
Communication settings menu serves for setting up external computer connection for data transfer.
Tap onto Communication in Settings menu to enter Communication
settings menu.
There are two submenus available:
Device communication – this menu allows the operator to set up LAN
based communication option.
Peer communication – this menu helps the operator to setup peer to

peer communication between analyzer and a computer.
See details in the sections below.
Device communication
Tap Device communication in Communication settings menu to enter
this menu. The following settings can be modified:
DHCP : Disabled or Enabled. If DHCP is enabled, the master device
on the local network will assign an IP address, subnet, gateway and
DNS for Abacus Vet5 automatically.
IP address: If DHCP is disabled, enter a valid IP address in order to use
Abacus Vet5 in the network. Contact the network administrator for
details on IP address in your laboratory network.
Gateway: typically set to 0.0.0.0 (when no DHCP)
DNS: typically set to 0.0.0.0 (when no DHCP)
Current settings are shown for user reference below in shaded area.
Press Accept to save settings and return to previous menu.
Press Cancel to exit without saving changes.
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Peer communication
Tap Peer communication in Communication settings menu to enter this menu. The following settings can
be modified:
PC: communication with one PC can be Active or Inactive.
PC remote IP address: A valid network address should be set up here if
PC setting is Active, otherwise the analyzer cannot transmit data to the
target PC.
EMR: EMR (remote work list mode) can be Active or Inactive.
EMR remote IP address/EMR remote port: A valid network address of
the LIS server should be set up here if EMR setting is Active, otherwise
the analyzer cannot transmit/receive work list to/from LIS.
USB-Serial link: Can be Enabled or Disabled. If a PC is connected via the
USB-B port, this setting should be Enabled.
USB-Serial Baud Rate: To connect PC via USB B emulated serial link, set
up baud rate here identically to the setting of the connected PC serial
link baud rate.
Automatic send: This setting can be one or combination of links
enabled. After a measurement is completed, data record will be sent
automatically to the ports selected here.
Press Accept to save settings and exit or Cancel to exit without saving changes.
By tapping automatic send button, the active/enabled ports can be
configured for automatic data transmission after every measurement.
Select one of the options on the screen for automatic sending of data
records after measurement:
 Disabled: no records will be transmitted automatically
 PC only: records will be sent to PC connected via LAN port
 EMR (LIS) only: records will be sent to LIS address via LAN
 PC and EMR(LIS): records will be sent to both addresses via LAN
(Ethernet) port
 USB-Serial: records will be sent on USB B port to PC
Contact service personnel or LIS administrator for more information on
network settings.
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Connecting analyzer to LIS (Laboratory Informatics System)
For LIS integration details please contact the device distributor or the manufacturer and refer to related
documentation: Diatron Communication Protocols. The Abacus Vet5 analyzer is HL7 v 2.5 compliant, able to
work on both Ethernet or serial interface.
Connecting analyzer on serial interface

For serial communication the only back USB B connector is available on the analyzer. To be able to use this
as serial interface, an appropriate driver should install on host computer.
Connect the analyzer to PC with USB-A B (printer) cable using the “B” connector at the back of the analyzer.
You will see on the computer is trying to install driver for the device but will not complete.
Download appropriate driver depending on the main control board type. For COMB board based devices like
Abacus Vet5, use this driver:
http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/MCP2221%20Windows%20Driver%202014-10-
09.zip
After successful download, install the appropriate chip driver and make sure a virtual COM port is created
in operating system. To check this, open the Windows Device Manager Example:
Right click the created COM port and click properties.
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Go to port settings and put it to 115 000 bps.

Serial connection setup on computer is ready.
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15 Maintenance of analyzer
User-accessible parts
There is a side and a back service door to access analyzer’s serviceable parts. It allows the operator reach the
fluidic system and the mechanical parts for maintenance.
XY needle
movement Glass vacuum
mechanics chamber
Wash head
Sampling
micro dilutor
Measuring
chamber
HGB head
Valves
Measure probe
Valves
Reagent
sensors Dilutor block
Pump
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The operator is allowed to access, maintain and check the following parts behind the side
door and the back door of Abacus Vet5:
 Tubing and chambers
 Wash head on the XY needle moving mechanics
The following parts must NOT be opened or serviced by the user:
 power supply
 instrument housing, and electronic boards
Maintenance protocols
The operator should carry out below user maintenance/check-up activities to the analyzer.
Daily maintenance, before daily routine

 Check reagent condition: go to reagent status screen, check if the liquid amount in reagent containers
is enough for the expected number of daily measurements.
 Check the contents of waste tank: if the level is above 80% empty the waste container.
 Check the existence of air bubbles at rear reagent liquid connectors and syringes (except waste line).
In case of bubbles experienced, reagent prime and perform a blank measurement.
 Run Blank measurement daily: if the results of the blank measurement are within range, accept the
results and proceed with your routine.
 Run QC samples according to established laboratory protocols before patient samples.
Daily maintenance, after daily routine

 At the end of the day, before shutting the analyzer down, go to Main Menu/Maintenance /Cleaning to
run the required daily cleaning.
Weekly maintenance
Cleaning the washing head
The sharp tip of the sampling needle can cause injury or infection. Always use rubber
gloves and a cotton swab to clean the wash head to avoid injury to fingers.
The purpose of this procedure is to clean the lower surface of the washing head. During the regular operation
diluent might build up a salt layer when it evaporates.
The physical access of the washing head is supported from the software. (see below). This will force the device
to move the sampling probe to a position where it can be reach easily.
Steps:
A) Go to Maintenance ->Cleaning ->Clean the wash head menu in software
B) After activating the function the needle is moving to a safe position. Follow instruction appears on
display.
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C) Press ‘OK’. Open side door now
Clean this surface
Do the cleansing operation. Use a soft wet cloth, immersed in warm tap water to remove salt build-up.
Finally confirm if manual operation is ready by tapping ‘Accept’.
Be extreme careful while hands inside the machine due to moving
parts. Remove hand before pressing “Accept”
D) Close the side door.
E) System automatically does a chamber cleaning then

returns needle to home position
F) Before starting work with sample, do a blank

measurement to make sure device is in proper condition
Hard cleaning
Go to Maintenance ->Cleaning ->Hard cleaning menu to start this procedure on analyzer.
Analyzer asks for about 2ml cleaning solution (Diatron D801 Hypoclean CC ) in a sample vial. This chemical
will be breath through sampling needle, filled into chamber then diluted. After a few minutes wait it is flushed
out regularly, then a clean cycle is executed automatically.
Hard cleaning is part of the weekly maintenance.
In case the hard cleaning was not performed for a week the software puts a warning message on user
interface.
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Bleaching process
This is an overall cleansing process where the whole tube system is cleaned from residuals. Bleaching is not
part of weekly maintenance, should perform only on demand. For the process, prepare:
- Bleaching mixture at least 100ml beside concentration of 0,25% hypochlorite (5 ml 5-6%
concentrated hypo dissolved in 100ml distilled water)
- Clean distilled water 200ml
- The “Prepare for shipment” tube kit
Steps for the bleaching process:
A) Disconnect all reagents from analyzer, and connect the “Prepare for shipment” tube kit instead of
them. IMPORTANT: Leave waste line connected during the whole process!
B) Submerge the tube’s end into the bleaching mixture
C) Start process tapping on “Bleaching” button. Follow software instructions.
D) When prompted, change from bleaching solution to distilled water
E) Wait until rinse finish
F) Remove the tube kit, do not reconnect the regents still
G) Do a full priming WITHOUT any regent. This will pump out all remaining.
H) Reconnect reagents
I) Do a full priming (Maintenance -> Reagent status-> Prime all)
J) Run one clean cycle
Too long or too frequent bleaching could damage tubes and dissolved particles causing high PLT
problem.
Semi-annual Maintenance
Only certified service personnel can carry out periodic service maintenance to Abacus Vet5. The detailed
maintenance protocol is available in the Abacus Vet5 Service manual.
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Cleaning the Analyzer
Disconnect Abacus Vet5 power supply from the electric network before cleaning the
chassis of the analyzer and front cover.
 Clean the instrument and its power supply on the outside only, using a damp cloth with some soft
detergent.
 DO NOT let liquids get inside the unit or to electrical connectors.
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16 Troubleshooting
Abacus Vet5 provides all the necessary software maintenance functions required to keep the analyzer
operating in optimum working order. Despite excellent maintenance, the analyzer can still encounter
problems where operator intervention is required. Abacus Vet5 analyzer software informs the operator of
situations when further help is required. These are called error messages.
Error messages
Abacus Vet5 analyzer provides additional information in the form of
numerical codes that help the operator to identify the root cause of
the error. These error codes are important for service personnel.
They can interpret the messages and take necessary actions.
If you receive error messages with codes, please write them down. If
possible, describe what you were doing before the error appeared.
This important information helps your service engineer to help you
when necessary. The software will store and re-display every error
message, but it cannot describe the operation you were performing
when the error happened.
When an error comes up, the software usually attempt to offer a
solution, or will try to resolve the problem and retry the current
operation. If this recovery process fails, or the problem continues to
occur, please contact your service engineer.
Pneumatic/mechanical error messages

The analyzer software is designed to be error tolerant and
recover from minor problems.
However, if some physical obstructions or extreme operating
conditions cause some mechanical parts to behave
unexpectedly, the system will give you an error message such
as this.
Clicking Retry retries the current operation.
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Mechanical Problems
Most mechanical problems arise because of some physical blockage of the moving parts. Problems caused by
severe blocks are usually accompanied by a grinding noise. The noise is a result of a motor not being able to
move, but this does not usually result in mechanical damage to moving parts.
Sample Rotor Failures

 The sample vial is too tall causing the vial hit the front cover or incorrect sample adapter is used.
Replace and Retry operation.
 The opening on the front is not aligned with the sample rotor door.
 Open the side door and check the wash head for contamination (blood and/or salt) as excessive salt
build up can prevent the wash head from lifting up effectively and the sample rotor door can get
stuck. Perform wash head cleaning (see section 15.2.3).
Needle Mechanics, Vertical Motor (MVert) Problems

 Sampling depth is not set up correctly for the tube used. Refer to section 8.1.2.
 Salt build up, or thick salt layer at the bottom or on the inside can block the movement of the needle
in the wash head (or the movement of the wash head around the needle).
 The sampling needle is bent or the needle is not set/misaligned. Call service personnel.
 The vertical rod holding the needle carriage is blocked by something. Try removing the part that
causes the block or call service personnel.
Needle Mechanics, Horizontal Motor (MHori) Problems

 The sampling needle is bent or the needle is not set or moved vertically. Call service personnel.
 The horizontal driving rod holding the needle carriage is blocked by something. Try removing the
part that causes the block or call service personnel.
Dilutor Errors
 Pinched, clogged tube around dilutor or at the rear reagent tubes – check for free flow of reagents.
 Physical obstruction (foreign material) got into the tubing.
Priming Problems – reagent warnings

 The respective reagent is out, replace reagent.
 Aspirating tube (in container):
o has fallen off,
o kinked – remove the blockage,
o has a leak or broken – cut a piece off from the end, and reconnect reagent lines/tubes
 Reagent tube is popped off. Open the side and back doors and look for the open tube, then
reconnect it to the valve or tubing connection.
 Damaged tube in the system, look for leakage, or traces of liquid, and contact Service
Touch screen is not working

 Check if the screen is vet, wipe it dry
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 Turn the analyzer off and on again to retry operation

 Connect an external USB keyboard
o This will allow rolling on the screen elements
o Contact service for resolution of the problem
The Analyzer Does Not Power On

 Check proper power connections, and the state of the (small) switch at the power supply
 If the above fails, contact Service
Problems related to Measurement results
Measurement with Warning Flags

Please, refer to section 9.2 for details and remedy actions in connection with warning flags.
Fluctuating PLT background

 When Abacus Vet5 is used in increased workload, 5 hours of continuous operation is possible.
Despite built-in maintenance programs, the system may require intensive cleaning from time to time.
If you find that blank PLT values are not consistent, or increasing unexpectedly, please perform a
‘Hard cleaning’ function using D8011 HypoCleaner CC reagent as described in section 15.2.3.2 and
then measure Blank several times to make sure the analyzer is clean and stable.
 If stable high PLT blank is encountered, check if the reagents are contaminated or not. You may open
a new tank of diluent to see if PLT blank becomes low and acceptable.
 When replacing reagent, always make sure to avoid contamination to the drop down tubes. Flush
them with tap water and clean (wipe) the outer surface of the tubes with a clean and damp cloth
before putting them into the new reagent, otherwise cross contamination may happen.
 Do not forget, that proper grounding is essential for stable, background free operation.
 If PLT blank fluctuates, check if there is a device nearby that radiates electromagnetic noise. Relocate
the analyzer if you suspect that electronic interference is causing high PLT blank.
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17 Performance Characteristics
Performance characteristics of Abacus Vet5 are described in below sections:
Linearity
Parameter Linearity Ranges Maximum
WBC (109/l) 0–100 150
EOS (109/l) 0.2–3.0 10.0
RBC (1012/l) 0–15 20
PLT (109/l) 0–700 1000
HGB (g/dl) 0–25 40
HCT (%) 0–100 —
MCV (fl) 30...150 —
MPV (fl) 3...30 —
Prediluted mode linearity
Parameter Linearity Ranges Maximum

WBC (109/l)
2–200 300
EOS (109/l)
0.2–3.0 10.0
RBC (1012/l)
1–30 40
PLT (109/l)
100–2000 3000
Precision
Parameter CV % Absolute range

WBC ≤ 2,4
RBC ≤ 1,7 +/- 0.15
HGB ≤ 1,4 +/- 5
HCT ≤ 1,8
MCV ≤ 1,0
PLT ≤ 4,5 +/- 30
EO ≤ 4,5
BASO ≤ NA
123 | P a g e
Sample Stability
Long-term sample stability studies on blood specimens drawn in K2- and K3EDTA collection tubes at room
temperature showed no significant clinical variation for all parameters between 30 minutes and 7 hours post
phlebotomy. MPV results can show instability in the first two hours but are stable afterwards.
Measuring times
Blank 3 min 15 sec

5 part control, patient sample: 3 min 20 sec
Patient sample 3 part 3 min
Wakeup and pneumatic init. 2 min
Interfering substances
The following substances can interfere with parameter measurement and alternate measurement
procedures may be required.
Parameter Interference
WBC > 5 NRBC’s/100 WBC’s , PLT clumps/large PLTs
RBC WBC Count > 50.0 x103/µl
MCV WBC Count > 50.0 x103/µl
PLT PLT clumps/large PLTs (Abnormal histogram)

HGB WBC count > 50.0 x103/µl , Lipids > 270 mg/dl
Differential > 5 NRBC’s/100 WBC’s , PLT clumps/large PLTs (Abnormal histogram)
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18 Print Formats
Print Formats of built-in printer
Figure 13 Patient sample and Levey Jennings printouts on built-in printer
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Print formats of external printer
Figure 14 Patient sample printout on A4 laser printer
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Figure 15 Levey Jennings charts on A4 laser printer
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19 Specifications
Item Description
Operating conditions Temperature: 15–30 °C. Optimal temperature is 20-25 °C.
Relative humidity: less than 85% non-condensing
Storage and transport Temperature: 5–35 °C.
conditions Relative humidity: 15-90% non-condensing
Power supply unit External, auto-ranging power supply unit (GT-41069P9012-T3)
Input: 100-240 VAC, 50–60Hz
Maximum input current:1.5A.
Output: 12VDC, max. 6.5A, max. 78W
User interface Easy-to-use, menu driven user interface with a touch screen
Languages available English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Czech, Polish, Russian
Data storage capacity 5,000 results with RBC, PLT, and 3/5-part diff. WBC histograms
Data export to external USB
Host computer USB-B port (direct connection to host computer via USB port)
interface PC, LAN: Ethernet port on the back
Data back-up method USB mass storage device up to 16 GByte size
Send data to LIS (Laboratory Information System)
Printer interface USB with support for most HP printer languages (DeskJet, LaserJet,
PCL3, PS, LIDIL)
Built-in printer 58 mm thermal printer, monochrome printout with histograms
Display 8” (173x104 mm), LED backlit, color graphics LCD
External keyboard USB connection
Software upgrade via USB-A port using USB mass storage device (max. 16 GBytes of flash
method drive)
Sampling volume 25 µl of whole blood in three-part mode, 50 µl of whole blood in five-
part mode. 50 µl of whole blood in five-part prediluted mode
of 1:6; 25 µl of prediluted blood in three-part prediluted mode of 1:6.
Chambers 1 chamber for diluting and counting
Reagent system Isotonic Diluent, Lyse, Lyse2, Rinse, Cleaner (see section 5.3)
Aperture diameter 80 μm
Throughput 20-30 tests/hour in 3 part mode, 16 – 20 tests/hour in 5 part mode
Sampling method Open tube system with automatic sample rotor
Specimen types Animal whole blood, Control blood
supported
Recommended sample K2- or K3-EDTA primary blood sample tubes
collection method
Sample identification Individual sample ID entered by user. Barcode with external manual
method barcode reader (optional accessory)
Sample types Control, Animal profiles
Clog prevention High-voltage pulse on apertures in each analysis cycle; chemical
cleaning; high-pressure back flush of apertures.
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Item Description
Cleaning procedure High-voltage burst of the apertures, high-pressure back-flush, chemical
cleaning of the apertures.
Quality control Support for 5 part differential control blood. Measured QC parameters:
mean, ± range, SD and CV for all measured and calculated parameters,
Levy-Jennings charts, and separate QC database.
Calibration Automatic with 3 measurements, or manual (factorial) calibration of
WBC, HGB, RBC, RDWc, PLT, MCV, MPV and EOS absolute
Dimensions (WxDxH) 315 x 275 x 370 mm
Net weight 13 kg
Valid self test ranges for Abacus Vet5

Parameter Unit Lower bound Upper bound
HGB light count 3000 60000

Electrode voltage V 45 55
Amplifier test count 19990 20005
Noise test pls/5sec 0 5
Outer pressure mBar 600 1100
Vacuum mBar 185 420
Drift mBar/10sec 0 10
50V power V 45 55
50V connected V 45 55
50V loopback V 45 55
Offset mV -6.5 6.5
Electrode Current µA 830 930
Peak of test pulses mV 1050 1800
Pulse deviance (noise) mV 0 80
Power +12V V 11.0 12.5
Power –12V V -13.0 -11.0
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Reagent consumption chart of Abacus Vet5

Below chart summarizes the reagent consumption of individual fluidic functions. All value is given in
milliliters [ml].
Function Lyse 5 Diff Clean Rinse Diluent
Init 4,5 4,5 2 2 43
StartUp (Init + Blank) 5 8 3 2 105
Measure Blank 0,5 3,5 1,5 56
Measure Dog 5 part 0,65 5 1,5 57
Measure Cat 5 part 0,75 3,5 1,5 1 57
Measure Horse 5 part 0,5 5 1,5 57
Measure Dog 3 part 0,65 0 1 35
Measure Cat 3 part 0,75 0 1 35
Measure Horse 3 part 0,5 0 1 35
Measure Calib 0,7 3,5 1 57
Measure QC 0,7 4,5 1 57
Standby 0 0 0 6
Wakeup 0 0 0 1
Cleaning 0 0 2 22
Prime Diluent 0 0 0 10
Prime 5 Diff 0 2,5 0 6
Prime Lyse 2 0 0 6
Prime Cleaner 0 0 2 15
Prime Rinse 0 0 0 2 8
Prime All 2 2,5 2 2 20
Shutdown 0 0 0 4
Preparing for shipment: 122 ml of D4011 (Rinse) or DI water

Hard cleaning cycle: 0.4 ml of D8011 HypoClean CC
Table 9. Reagent consumption charts
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20 Fluidic Schematics
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21 Cabling schematic
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22 Calibration of Bar Code Reader (Motorola DS4208 only)

Use this sheet to calibrate the Motorola DS 4208 bar code reader for use with Abacus Vet5 analyzer.
1. 8.
2. 9.
3. 10.
4. 11.
5. 12.
6. 13.
7.
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To calibrate DS4208 follow the steps below:

 Connect the bar code reader to one of the USB slots on the back or the side of the instrument
 Turn on the analyzer
 Read the bar codes below, one after another in indicated order.
DS4208 bar code reader is ready to use with Abacus Vet5.
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23 Document history
Abacus Vet5
User’s Manual
Revision 1.0
Revision history
Rev Author Changes Effective Date
Péter Zsámboki
1.0 Zoltán Képíró Initial revision 24-06-2016
Antal Uszkay
Approvals
Ref Team Role Name Signature Date
1 R&D Director Gábor Farkas 24-06-2016
2 QA John Roche 24-06-2016
135 | P a g e

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5 General Overview and Principles of Operation ....................................... 22

Three –Part WBC Differential method ............................................................................................................. 27

6 User Interface ...................................................................................................... 34

7 Start-up and shut down of Abacus Vet5 ..................................................... 41

Supported Sample Tube Types ........................................................................................................................... 44

9 Interpretation of Results ................................................................................. 55

The Database menu ....................................................................................................................................67

Replacing Reagents ............................................................................................................................................. 92

12 Quality Control (QC) Menu .............................................................................. 96

13 Multi-User Mode ...............................................................................................101

14 Settings menu ....................................................................................................105

15 Maintenance of analyzer ...............................................................................115

17 Performance Characteristics .......................................................................123

Interfering substances ............................................................................................................................ 124

1 Indications for use

If equipment operation is different from the manufacturer’s specifications and

2 For Your Safety

Who Should Use This Manual

Special Symbols Used In This Manual and on the Analyzer

Label Meaning Explanation

Blood samples and analyzer waste are potentially infectious

Corrosive Reagents may cause corrosion or skin irritation.

Warning General warning of possible hazard conditions.

The analyzer should be moved holding the analyzer in an upright position.

To ensure reliable operation and reliable results:

Electromagnetic environment should be evaluated prior to operation of the device.

This analyzer contains electronic components. Please handle electronic waste

Figure 1. Recommended placement of reagents, see more at 4.3.2

System waste should be handled as a potentially bio-hazardous material. All applicable

Abacus Vet5 Analyzer Package

 Power cord (country dependent)

 3 sample vial adapters for the sample rotor

Please, inform your sales representative if any item is missing or damaged.

Select a suitable location

Step 4. Connect the reagent fluids to analyzer as follows.

5 General Overview and Principles of Operation

Parameter Description Reported Unit Calculation method

WBC White Blood Cell count cells/l, cells/µl Number of leukocytes

RBC Red Blood Cell count cells/l, cells/µl Number of erythrocytes

Parameter Description Reported Unit Calculation method

LYM, LYM% count and % of

NEU, NEU% count and % of

count and % of Eosinophil cells/l, cells/µl

EOS shown by the second peak on the histogram

Table 1. Parameters determined by Abacus Vet5

Table 2 Content of the Diatro Vet5 Reagent Pack

For reagent consumption information, see section 19.1.

Photometric Light Absorbance Method

Figure 2. Photometric Light Absorbance Method

Volumetric Impedance Method

Figure 3. Volumetric Impedance Method

Figure 4 Histograms of Abacus Vet5

Three –Part WBC Differential method

Figure 5 Blood cell characteristics

Figure 6 The three part differential method steps in Abacus Vet5

The Five-Part WBC Differential Method

Figure 7 EOS measure sequence

Figure 8 EOS histogram sample

Table 3. Sample preparation process

Nominal dilution rates used in Abacus Vet5:

Measuring times (approx. including sample taking and chamber cleanings):