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AUTHOR RESEARCH TITLE SAFETY FACTORS

Sagar M. Vasoya A Review on Factors Affecting 1. Administrative and Management


and Safety Performance for  Safety awareness of company’s top
Rushabh A. Shah Construction Projects management
 Conduction of safety policy review
 Safety awareness of project managers
 Issuing & implementation of in house
safety rules, safety program or manuals
including emergency plan & procedure
 Availability a clear company safety
policy
 Management’s attitude towards
employee’s welfare
2. Role of Government and Engineering
Societies
 Issuing of safety laws, standards,
regulations & legislations
 Rigorous enforcement of safety
regulations
3. Project Nature
 Size of the project
 Ratio of site area to building area
 Planning and organizing the site (layout)
– work environment
 Cost of the project
 Planning and scheduling of the project
 Application of new technology in
construction

4. Historic, Human, and Psychological Climate


 Employee age
 Employee experience
 Employee education
 Employee safety training received
 Employee marital status
 Level of modularization
 Employee safety awareness,
knowledge, & involvement
 Employee accident experience
 Employees language and
communication barriers
 Employees culture background
 Relation between the management and
employees on the site
 Relation between the supervisor and
employees on the site
 Interrelation between the employees
on the site
 Increased job-related pressure on
workers
 Excessive overtime work for employees
5. Organizational Structure
 Number of layers of management
 Percentage of new employees on site
 Definition of safety responsibility
 Number of safety supervisors
 Authority of safety supervisor
 Number of employees on site
 Size of the crew
 Number of subcontractors
 Co-ordination, control, and
management of sub-contractors
 Involvement of top management
 Team turnover (team stability)

6. Safety Inspections
 Safety inspection by government
authorities
 Safety inspection by management
 Safety inspection by safety supervisor

7. Safety Meetings, Records, and Reports


 Conducting regular toolbox meetings
(safety meetings) by safety supervisor
 Conducting safety meeting before each
activity begins
 Attendance of safety meetings by
management
 Recording and reporting of daily safety
issues

8. Incentive
 Implementation of safety rewards
 Implementation of safety fines
 Implementation of disciplinary actions

9. Safety Educating and Training


 Conducting safety training and
orientation
 Issuing of safety booklets
 Talk by management on safety
 Displaying safety posters
 Training for first aid for all employee

10. Medical Facilities


 Availability of medical advice
 Availability of adequate facilities for first
aid treatment
 Conducting periodically random drug
testing

S. Al Haadir Critical Success Factors for Safety 1. Management support


and Program Implementation among 2. Clear and reasonable objective
K. Panuwatwanich Construction Companies in Saudi 3. Personal attitude
Arabia 4. Teamwork
5. Effective enforcement
6. Safety training
7. Suitable supervision
8. Allocation of authority and responsibility
9. Adequate resource allocation
10. Safety meeting
11. Program evaluation
12. Equipment and maintenance
13. Personal motivation
14. Personal competency
15. Communication

Samart Homthong Critical Success Factors 1. Time Performance


and Influencing Construction Project  Project participants competence
Wutthipong Performance for Different  Adequate experience of project
Moungnoi Objectives: Operative and participants
Maintenance  Commitment and involvement of all
parties to the project
 Top management’s and supervision
 Realistic obligations/ clear objective
 Top management’s enthusiastic support
 Contractual motivation/ incentives
 Adequacy of communication and
coordination among parties
 Effective change order management
 Rapid decision making

2. Cost Performance
 Relationship among project participants
 Adequate experience of project
participants
 Frequent progress meetings
 Adequacy of communication and
coordination among parties
 Effective site management and
supervision
 Availability of resources
 Adequacy of raw materials and
equipment
 Eliminating waste
 Effective contract administration and
management
 Rapid decision making
3. Quality Performance
 Effective quality assurance system in
organization
 Management leadership in promoting
high process quality
 Effective monitoring and feedback by
project participants
 Availability of competent staff
 Top management sponsorship of
project team
 Competency of project manager
 Favorable working condition
 Quality of equipment and raw materials
 Effective cooperation between parties
taking part in project
 Management commitment to continual
quality improvement

4. H&S Performance
 Interrelation between the employee
and supervisor
 Effective coordination, control and
management of sub-contractors
 Positive personal attitude of project
participants towards safety
management
 Implementation of safety management
system in accordance with legislation
 Provision and conduction of
appropriate safety education and
training to all parties
 Adequate number of site safety
representatives
 Conduction of safety hazard
identification and review
 Involvement in safety awareness of
project participants
 Frequent conduction of appropriate site
safety inspection and supervision
 Conducting regular safety meeting or
toolbox talk on site

5. Environment Performance
 Regular maintenance of equipment for
the project
 Sufficient auditing activities
 Sufficient provision of environmental
management training to all staff
 Effective monitoring of energy
consumption
 Utilization of up-to-date technology
 Use of environmentally friendly
equipment
 Effective waste pollution control
 Proper environmental site planning
 Proper positioning and maintenance of
site environment
 Effective water pollution control

6. Productivity
 Competent supervisors
 Management labor relationship
 Availability of skilled worker
 Clear and timely inspection
 Effective change order management
 Effective rework
 Adequacy of skill training and
development to employees
 Efficiency of tools and equipment
 Using up-to-date technology for
construction work
 Availability of financial motivation
system

7. Risk Management
 Quality of works to match standards
 Timely payment on contract and extra
work
 Project participants’ competence
 Effective control of third-party delays
 Adequacy of communication and
coordination among parties
 Absence of defective materials
 Availability of funds as planned
throughout the project duration
 Implementation of effective site safety
management program
 Certainty of cash flow of the project
 Adequacy of risk management
techniques

8. Human Resource
 Positive attitude of employees
 Availability of skilled personnel
 Adequacy of skill training and
development for all employees
 Need for collaboration
 Effective monitoring and feedback
 Legal requirements/ compliance
 Spirit of cooperation among project
team members
 Availability of internal promotion
 Adequate employee support from
senior management
 High effectiveness of training program
9. Client Satisfaction
 Durability of the completed work
 Aesthetic of the completed work
 Rapid response to legitimate complaints
 Timeliness of service: Ability to meet
client’s deadline
 Quality of product/ servive
 Completeness of product/ service
 Professionalism of services of project
team
 High quality of workmanship
 Effective coordination between client
and project parties

Mohd Nasrun Mohd Factor Affecting Safety 1. Management


Nawi, Siti Halipah Performance Construction  Absence of SHC
Ibrahim, Rohaida Industry  Fail to nominate safety officer that
Affandi, Nor Azalina comply with OSHA and NIOSH
Rosli, Fazlin regulations
Mohamad Basri  Lack of communication between
manager and commitment to OSHA
1994
 Lack of communication between
manager and workers
 Inadequate PPE at Work Regulations
1992 (FMA 1967)

2. Culture
 No regular supervision at least once a
week
 Difficulties in communication towards
foreign workers
 Risk assessment is not practicable at
workplace
 Workers are not likely to report
incidents/ accidents
 Decision making does not involved
organization
3. Behavior
 Workers under influence of drugs and
alcohol
 Discipline issues
 Irresponsible attitude of the workers
during working or handling machines
 Fatigue caused by working overtime

Ibrahim Abdul Factors Affecting Safety 1. Safety awareness of company’s top


Rashid, Hesham Performance in Large management
Bassioni, Faez Construction Contractors in Egypt 2. Safety awareness of project managers
Bawazeer 3. Availability a clear company safety policy
4. Issuing & implementation of in-house
safety rules, safety program or manuals
including emergency plan & procedure
5. Conduction of safety policy review
6. Management’s attitude towards
employee’s welfare
7. Issuing of safety laws, standards,
regulations & legislations
8. Rigorous enforcement of safety regulations
9. Size of the project
……………………..
Yuting Chen Factors Affecting Safety 1. Safety Climate
Performance of Construction 2. Interpersonal Conflicts at Work
Workers 3. Resilience
IOSH Factors Affecting the Supervision 1. Organizational Factors
of Safety  Excessive work
 Conflicting demands
 Autonomy – freedom to decide how to
supervise workers’ safety
 Constraints – elements that restrict the
way supervisors lead safety, including
poor training, equipment or supplies,
and inadequate help from others
 Safety support – from colleagues or
supervisors
 Safety culture – shared attitudes and
values on safety in the organization
 Visibility – presence of supervisors
among workers
 Workers’ safety behavior
2. Individual Factors
 Personality – traits and characteristics
 Emotional intelligence – awareness and
use of emotions (one’s own or other
people’s) to guide behavior
 Self-confidence to complete a task or
perform in a particular way
 Perception of safety control
 Safety motivation
 Exposure to accidents
3. Demographic Factors
 Gender, Age, Nationality
 Employing company
 Trade
 Number of years working in the
industry
 Length of time as supervisor
 Number of operatives the supervisor is
responsible for

Serdar Durdyev, Key Factors Affecting 1. Management and Organization


Sherif Mohamed, Construction Safety Performance 2. Resources (Men, Materials, Machinery,
Meng Leang Lay, in Developing Countries: Money, Method)
Syuhaida Ismail Evidence from Cambodia 3. Site Management
4. Relevant Items Beyond the Contractor’s
Influence
5. Workforce
Hadi Shirouyehzad, Prioritizing Critical Success 1. Clear and realistic goals
Mazdak Khodadadi- Factors Influencing Safety, Using 2. Good communication
Karimvand, Reza TOPSIS 3. Delegation of authority and responsibility
Dabestani 4. Sufficient resource allocation
5. Management support
6. Program evaluation
7. Continuing participation of employees
8. Personal motivation
9. Personal competency
10. Teamwork
11. Positive group norms
12. Personal attitude
13. Effective enforcement scheme
14. Safety equipment acquisition and
maintenance
15. Appropriate supervision
16. Appropriate safety education and training

SAFETY FACTORS

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