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Lecture 15

EC381
Digital Systems I
University of Tripoli

Digital Systems 1
Schematic symbols for DFF

Digital Systems 2
Example: Timing Diagram of DFF

Change at
rising edge

Digital Systems 3
Sets, resets and enables
 Flip-flops can have additional control signals that will force the
output Q to a known value.
 An asynchronous signal that forces Q=1 is called an
asynchronous set or preset.
 An asynchronous signal that forces Q=0 is called an
asynchronous clear or reset.
 It is an asynchronous because the output changes immediately
regardless of what values of clk and D are.
 Active high set and reset signals.

Digital Systems 4
Example of set, reset D flip-flop

Digital Systems 5
Toggle flip-flops (TFF)
 Another type of flip-flop that has a different behavior when
compared to a DFF.
 Symbol for a positive edge-triggered TFF:

 Symbol for a negative edge-triggered TFF:

Digital Systems 6
Characteristic tables and equations for TFFs

Digital Systems 7
Making a TFF from a DFF
 We can actually build a TFF using a DFF and a 2-input XOR
gate.

Digital Systems 8
JK flip-flops (JKFF)
 The characteristic table for the JKFF:

 We can derive the characteristic equation for the JKFF (I find it


easy to explain via a K-Map):

Digital Systems 9
Making a JKFF from a DFF
 We can actually build a JKFF using a DFF and some other gates.

Digital Systems 10
Ex 1

(Zero-Delay Flip-Flop)

Digital Systems 11
Ex 2

(Flip-Flop Delay)

Digital Systems 12
Ex 3

Digital Systems 13
Ex 4 D-Latch

/Enable

Digital Systems 14
Ex 5

Digital Systems 15
Ex 5 (Negative edge-triggered DFF)

Digital Systems 16
Ex 6

Digital Systems 17
EC 7: D Flip-Flop: PR & CLR Timing

Q=D=1 Q=D=0 Q=D=0 Q=D=1 Q=D=1 Q=D=0


Clocked Clocked Clocked Clocked Clocked Clocked

Q
Q=1 Q=1
Preset Preset
PR Q=0
Clear

CLR

CLK

Digital Systems 18
EX 8: Comparison of level-sensitive
D D Q Qa
and edge-triggered D storage
Clock Clk Q Qa elements

D Q Qb

Q Qb

D Q Qc

Q Qc

Clock

Qa

Qb

Qc
Digital Systems 19
EX 8: Comparison of level-sensitive
D D Q Qa
and edge-triggered D storage
Clock Clk Q Qa elements
D Q Qb

Q Qb
Level-sensitive
(the output mirrors the D input when Clk=1)
D Q Qc

Q Qc

Clock

Qa

Qb

Qc
Digital Systems 20
EX 8: Comparison of level-sensitive
D D Q Qa
and edge-triggered D storage
Clock Clk Q Qa elements

D Q Qb

Q Qb
Positive-edge-triggered

D Q Qc

Q Qc

Clock

Qa

Qb

Qc
Digital Systems 21
EX 8: Comparison of level-sensitive
D D Q Qa
and edge-triggered D storage
Clock Clk Q Qa elements

D Q Qb

Q Qb
Negative-edge-triggered

D Q Qc

Q Qc

Clock

Qa

Qb

Qc
Digital Systems 22
Digital Systems 23
Digital Systems 24

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