and challenges
Ardra P S
Roll No: 12
S7 Computer Science and Engineering
hci.jpg
bciwheel.jpg
BCI is a control system.
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OVERVIEW
Why BCI?
Implanted inside the skull but rest outside the brain rather
than within the grey matter.
Electrocorticography (ECoG) measures the electrical activity
of the brain taken from beneath the skull.
Electrodes are embedded in a thin plastic pad that is placed
above the cortex, beneath the dura mater.
Lower risk of forming scar-tissue in the brain than
fully-invasive BCIs.
Produce better resolution signals than non-invasive BCIs.
Non-invasive BCIs
Major problems
Nonstationarity
Inherent variability
Users current mental state may impact the ability to focus and
generate specific mental events.
OVERVIEW
BCI using Evoked Potentials
EPs are electrical potential shifts that are phase-locked to
external perceptual events such as a rare visual stimulus.
EP used in BCI- P300
Support Vector Machine(SVM) discriminate between P300
and non-P300 responses.
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OVERVIEW
BCI using Oscillatory activity pattern
Self-pased BCIs are based on detecting changes in oscillatory
activity.
Imagining movements can cause changes in oscillatory EEG
activity in the 8-30 Hz frequency range over sensorymotor
areas.
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An example: Navigating in a Virtual Environment
Use left hand, right hand,and foot motor imagery to move
left,right, and forward respectively.
Linear discriminant analysis(LDA) classifiers discriminate
between the three types of motor imagery.
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Recent advancement in BCI
In 2009 Emotiv released the EPOC, a 14 channel EEG device.
It uses a set of sensors to tune into electric signals produced
by the brain to detect player thoughts, feelings and
expressions and connects wirelessly to most PCs.
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OVERVIEW
Conclusion