Status of Nanotechnology Research

and Development (R&D) in the

Philippines – Challenges, Opportunities
and Government Support

by
Blessie A. Basilia, PhD
Industrial Technology Development Institute,
Department of Science and Technology
Bicutan, Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines 1631
basiliablessie@gmail.com, babasilia@dost.gov.ph
 Total land area:
300,000 square km DOST
104 million people (Department
of Science and
Technology)
Nanotechnology can help
provide some solutions:

• energy
• health
• environment
•agricultural productivity

An archipelago comprising
7,107 islands
DOST has 16 Regional Offices and 79 Provincial S&T Centers
 RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
PRIORITY PROGRAMS

ENVIRONMENT ALTERNATIVE
& NATURAL ENERGY BIOTECH
RESOURCES

Increased
productivity
AGRICULTURE
& FOOD
SOCIO-ECONOMIC SECTORS Globally
competitive
products &
services

MANUFACTURING
HEALTH NANOTECHNOLOGY & PRODUCTION
 Nanotech
Facilities and
UP-NIP
Equipment in UP-NIGS
the Philippines Bureau of Mines UP-NIP
& Geosciences UP-NIP
UP-NIP,
Scanning Electron UP-NEC
Microscope (SEM) UPD,
ADMU
UP-NEC
Transmission
NKI
Electron
St. Luke’s Hospital
Microscope (TEM)

DLSU
Atomic Force
ITDI-DOST
Microscope (AFM) DLSU
ITDI-DOST
Molecular Beam Makati Medical Center
Epitaxy ITDI-DOST
MIRDC-DOST
X-Ray Diffraction ITDI-DOST
ITDI-DOST
Raman, FTIR,
Optical emission RITM
characterization

Nanoparticle size
analyzer

Surface area
analyzer

Nanotechnology Facilities and Equipment in the Philippines

Some Nanotechnology
R&D in the Philippines
• Nanotechnology Application
- Environment
. nanosensors
• Synthesis of nanomaterials
- Carbon nanofibers
• Nanocomposites
- Natural rubber nanoclay
•Nanotechnology Application
- ICT and Semis-conductors
. Aluminum carbon nanotube for heat
sinks in microprocessors
. Nanotungsten carbide as tooling for IC
fabrication
. Lead-free solder paste with carbon
nanotube for IC packaging
. CNT doped boron nitride nanotube for
optical light source
. Epoxy multiwalled carbon nanotube for
IC encapsulation
- Health and biomedical
. PVA-chitosan nanofibrous membrane
for drug delivery
• Synthesis of nanomaterials
- SnO nanocarbons/ nanowires/ nanobelts
• Synthesis of nanomaterials
- ZnO nanowires
- Polymer nanofibers
UPD UPLB MAPUA
Some Nanotechnology R&D in the Philippines
• Synthesis of nanomaterials
- ZnO nanowires
- Polymer nanofibers
- GaAs nanowires
- InAs quantum dots
- Carbon nanofibers
• Nanotechnology application
- ICT and Semi-conductors
. Thermal interface material with nanoclay for
IC packaging
. GaAs based quantum well devices for RF
application
- Health and Biomedical
. Carbon nanotubes for cancer diagnosis
detection
• Synthesis of nanomaterials
- Nanoclay
- Alumina powder
- Magnetic nanoparticles (Fe)
- ZnO nanopowder
• Nanocomposites
- Polycarbonate nanoclay
- Thermoplastic elastomer nanographite
- PET carbon nanotubes
- Polycarbonate carbon nanotubes
- Thermoplastic carbon nanotube nanographite
- Epoxy halloysite nanotubes
• Nanotechnology aplication
- ICT and Semi-conductors
. PCB substrate from recycled polycarbonate
and nanoclay
- Health and Biomedical
. Nanofibrous membrane for tissue engineering
. Load bearing Hap-Alumina biocomposite
- Environment
. PMMA-nanoclay nanofibrous membrane
for waste treatment
DLSU UST ITDI-DOST . Chitosan biosorbent and membrane for
industrial application
 A Roadmap for the
Development
of Nanotechnology in
the Philippines
General approach used in this study

Current and potential applications of

nanotechnology (global)‫‏‬

 Niche areas, local needs, UN MDG

Possible applications of nanotechnology

(Philippines)‫‏‬
Health and environmental risk,
 investment required, current
capabilities, viability
Philippine Nanotechnology Roadmap
 Philippine priorities for
Nanotechnology

We should take advantage of our indigenous

resources — from our diverse marine, forest and
agricultural resources to our abundant sun shine.

We should apply nanotechnology to address our

national priorities: ICT, energy, health, environment,
food and agricultural productivity.
 Possible Applications of Nanotechnology in
the Philippines
 Energy
 ICT &
Semiconductors
 Food &
Agriculture

 Medicine
 Environment

Nanotechnology
 Criteria for possible applications of
nanotechnology in the Philippines
Health and Local need UN MDG Existing Funding
Envtl Risk local needed
capacity
5: Low risk 5: High 5: High priority 5: High 5: Low
1: High risk 1: Low 1: Low priority 1: Low 1: Hight

Applications of nanotechnology with a mark of 1: high

risk for health and environmental risk should be
carefully evaluated.
 Nanotech Application Health Local UN Existing Funding Total
Local needed
and need MDG capability score
Envtl
Risk
5: Low 5: High 5: High 5: High 5: Small
1: High 1: Low 1: Low 1: Low 1: Large

ICT and Semiconductors

Fabrication of nanodevices/ 5 5 2 4 1 17
nanoprocessors
Synthesis of nanomaterials 4 5 2 3 2 16
 Nanotech Application Health Local UN Existing Funding Total
Local needed
and need MDG capability score
Envtl
Risk
5: Low 5: High 5: High 5: High 5: Small
1: High 1: Low 1: Low 1: Low 1: Large

Agriculture and Food

Smart field system 5 3 2 1 1 12
Smart delivery systems in 1
agriculture
Smart delivery systems in food 1

Food packaging 3 5 5 3 3 19
Nanosensors 3 3 5 3 3 19
Plant and animal breeding 3 3 4 3 2 15
Forestry 3 3 4 2 2 14
 Nanotech Application Health Local UN Existing Funding Total
Local needed
and need MDG capability score
Envtl
Risk
5: Low 5: High 5: High 5: High 5: Small
1: High 1: Low 1: Low 1: Low 1: Large

Energy
Nanoceramics against 5 3 3 3 3 17
corrosion
Nanocatalysts for combustion 1

Nanocomposites 5 3 3 2 3 16
Hydrogen fuel cells 3 3 3 1 1 11
Photovoltaic cells 5 5 5 3 2 20
 Nanotech Application Health Local UN Existing Funding Total
Local needed
and need MDG capability score
Envtl
Risk
5: Low 5: High 5: High 5: High 5: Small
1: High 1: Low 1: Low 1: Low 1: Large

Health and Medicine

Nano-diagnostics (in vitro, ex 5 5 5 3 2 20
vivo)
Nano-diagnostics (in vivo) 1
Nano-imaging (in vivo) 1
Nano-probes (in vivo) 1
 Nanotech Application Health Local UN Existing Funding Total
Local needed
and need MDG capability score
Envtl
Risk
5: Low 5: High 5: High 5: High 5: Small
1: High 1: Low 1: Low 1: Low 1: Large

Environment
Nanofilters for water 5 5 5 3 2 20
purification
Environmental remediation 2 5 5 3 2 17
and treatment
Environmental sensors 3 5 5 2 2 17
Green materials 3 4 4 2 2 15
 A hopeful scenario for the Philippines
Nanotechnology can provide solutions for Filipinos’ basic
needs.
Cheaper and accessible solar cells based on quantum
dots, graphene nanosheets, etc
Clean water may be possible with the use of
nanocatalysts and nanofilters
•Agricultural productivity can be enhanced by improved
pest control using nanoencapsulation
Medical diagnosis with nanotechnology-based portable
medical diagnostic kits
Wider education through advances in nano-ICT
 A Competitive Philippine Industry Through
Nanotechnology
2016

OUTPUTS 2015

2014
S&T
INVESTMENTS
2013
and ACTIVITIES

2012

2011

PCIEERD-DOST
Nanotechnology R&D Roadmap (2011-2016)
 Nanodiagnostic assays that meet the following criteria: Rapid,
Sensitive, Specific, Affordable, User-friendly and Robust

Nanodiagnostics
Multiplex nanodiagnostic devices for diabetes 2016
for Health and cardiovascular diseases
Integration of genomics data on Filipino
ethnicity and drug metabolism, risk of
diabetes, CVD and cancer
Filipino ethnicity-based
OUTPUTS nanodiagnostics for cancer
Clinical validation of immuno-nanosensors and
DNA-based nanosensors for pathogen detection

Prototype of Magnetic Nanoparticle-based Real time Assays

for Pathogen Detection: TB, dengue and influenza
Dev’t of immunosensors for single and multiplex
detection of pathogens and infectious diseases

Nanoparticle-based medical image 2013

enhancers in animal models
Dev’t of DNA-based single and multiplex biosensors
for pathogen detection using electrically
active/magnetic nanoparticles

Dev’t of nanobiosensors based

on magnetic and electrically active nanoparticles
S & T INVESTMENTS and
ACTIVITIES

Nanotechnology R&D Roadmap for the Philippines

PCIEERD-DOST
 Nanostructured solar cells storage devices to target and develop
innovations for the Philippines
Nanostructures Solar Energy Process technology for fabrication of
2016

Devices and Storage nanostructured solar energy Pilot Scale: Production of

devices: scaling up process Nanostructured Solar Energy
Devices Program

Prototype devices with 2015

competitive
OUTPUTS cost-to-efficiency ratio
Engineering Process Technologies for
Nanostructured Solar Energy Devices: Projects
Optimized prototypes sensitized, GaAs and bulk
2014
heterojunctions solar cells. New design methodologies for
energy storage devices Silicon-modified solar cells

Design and fabrication methodologies for Nanotechnologies for Energy Storage Devices (Batteries
sensitized solar cells; GaAs Solar cells; and bulk- and Supercapacitors): Projects
heterojunctions solar cells 2013

National Solar Cell R&D National Solar Testing Facility

Testing Facility
2012
S & T INVESTMENTS and
Nanostructured Solar Energy
Devices Program
ACTIVITIES

2011

Nanotechnology R&D Roadmap for the Philippines

PCIEERD-DOST
 Enhanced agricultural and natural products and food security
and safety
Nanotechnology Intelligent sensor-actuator systems for precision agriculture

for Food & Agriculture Novel additives for improving performance of wood and paper products Demonstration farm
showcasing nanotech-
enabled inputs for
Sensors for quality assurance of export food products (e.g., VCO, civet coffee,
OUTPUTS
precision agriculture
fish sauce)
Portable nanosensors for the rapid detection and measurement of food contaminants Establishment of a Center for
Agrifood Nanotechnology
Standards setting for food, beverage and nutraceuticals (standards setting and monitoring
using nanosensors for food safety
Nanobiosensors to detect diseases in local fruits and vegetables, e.g. bananas, mangoes
2015 and security)
Freshness sensors in intelligent packages for perishable food products
(e.g., fish, meat) Pilot scale production of barrier films
Chemical nanosensors for agriculture e.g. for ammonia, CO2, humidity,
ethylene, etc.; sensors for controlled atmosphere storage Pilot scale production of
nanoliposome encapsulated natural
Standards setting for fertilizers, perticides and other agrochemicals that
products
contain nanomaterials
Pilot scale production of edible coatings using
Coatings from indigenous nanostructured materials 2014 nanocomposite biomaterials
Locally sourced nanosilica for DNA Pilot scale production of nanosilica
purification and breeding work from rice hull ash
Nanosilica/zeolites for remediation of arsenic-
contaminated groundwater and irrigation water Pilot scale production of fire retardant plywood
Nanoliposomes for controlled release applications for flavors
and spices, nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals 2013
S & T INVESTMENTS
Edible coats for agricultural and food products
Pilot scale production of biodegradable and ACTIVITIES
Biodegradable packaging packaging materials using nanocomposite
barrier formulations
2012
Nanotechnology R&D Roadmap for the Philippines
PCIEERD-DOST
 Improved functionality of indigenous materials using
nanotechnology
2016
Nanofibers for the automotive and
Nano-based technologies and Materials aeronautics industries
Commercial production of
for Engineering and Industrial nanofibers from natural/
Nanofibers for textile and
materials composite wind turbine blade
Indigenous sources

applications
2015 R & D on nanofibers from
natural resources
Nanoprecipitated calcium carbonate for
OUTPUTS plastics, inks, adhesives and sealants Pilot and commercial production of
nanoprecipitated calcium carbonate

2014
Nanosilica/siliceous materials for high-
Pilot and commercial production of
strength concrete/construction composite
nanosilica for high-strength concrete
materials
/construction materials

Functionalized Textile
Products 2013 Pilot and commercial production of natural
nanotubes
Nanotubes as additive for the plastics & rubber
industries, ceramics, cosmetics and
Commercial production of nanoclays for polymer
semiconductor industries.
systems
2012
Nanoclays for commodity / engineering S & T INVESTMENTS
plastics,ceramics, flame retardants, coatings, Pilot production of nanoclay for
polymer systems
and ACTIVITIES
packaging products

2011

Nanotechnology R&D Roadmap for the Philippines

PCIEERD-DOST
 Advanced nanometrology capability in aid of
Semiconductor manufacturing

Nanometrology for ICT and Operational Open Source Metrology: FA

2016

Semiconductors Laboratory for local and international

clients Certification of the
FA Facility for ISO
Training course for specific 17025
company needs
OUTPUTS 2015
Surface analysis of
Fully operational metrology and FA nanostructures
laboratory
Characterization of
MS/ PhD Graduates with competency nanostructures
for industry FA requirements 2014
Acquisition of HRTEM
Advanced Materials; High resolution characterization
*Showcase analysis frequency: 60 cases Finalize Organizational Structure for the
NATIONAL METROLOGY CENTER
Prototype of nanoelectronic devices, e.g.
VSCELS 2013 Fabricate or Pattern nanostructures
Samples from the industry for database and library of defects ISO Certification of the FA Facility for priority
analysis parameters

SEIPI Support Program for MOOE National Metrology, Failure Analysis (FA) facility setup with Initial
Equipment of a FIB/ STEM (priority 1), Auger XPS – Nanochemical
Nanomaterial Sample Preparation, chemical 2012 Analysis (priority 2)
analysis and imaging
Training of people for operation of the
equipment
Competent personnel for the
Equipment Development
equipment operation
S & T INVESTMENTS
2011 and ACTIVITIES

Nanotechnology R&D Roadmap for the Philippines

PCIEERD-DOST
 The Philippines’ 5-year
Nanotechnology Roadmap
Four major programs:
1. Nano-based technologies and materials
Nano-based technologies/materials for Environment : Water and Waste
Water Purification, & Nano-based Engineering / Industrial materials
2. Nanosensors and nanodiagnostics
Food (detection of contaminants) , Agriculture and Forestry (detection of deseases),
and health (Filipino ethnicity-based nanodiagnostics)

3. Nanometrology for ICT and semiconductor

Fully operational metrology and FA and materials testing laboratory

4. Nanostructured Solar Energy Devices and

Storage
National Solar Cell R&D Testing Facility, new design and new methodologies for energy
storage devices,and scaling up processes of nanostructured solar and energy storage
devices.
GOVERNMENT INITIATIVE

• ADMATEL is a DOST national testing facility

equipped with advanced analytical
instruments for materials characterization
ADMATEL LABORATORIES

Surface Analysis Lab

ADMATEL LABORATORIES

Thermal Lab
ADMATEL LABORATORIES

Metallurgical and
Chemical Lab
ADMATEL LABORATORIES

Class 100k clean room laboratories

Standard ESD safety compliance
ADMATEL INAUGURATION

LABORATORY TOUR

Photo courtesy of Noynoy Aquino ( P-Noy) Official Facebook Page

FOCUSED ION BEAMFOCUSED BEAM (FIB) –
IONEMISSION
(FIB) – FIELD
FIELD EMISSION SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (FESEM)
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (FESEM)

Detectors
• SE detector
• BSE detector
• EDX detector
• IR camera for viewing
sample/column
• STEM detector with
BF/DF/HAADF segments
Electron Beam Resolution
• 0.8nm @ 30 kV
1.4nm @ 1 kV

Sample size
• Max size: 150 mm dia

Helios Nanolab 600i

 FOCUSED ION BEAM (FIB) –
FIB-FESEM SERVICES
FIELD EMISSION SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (FESEM)

• Defect Analysis
• Failure Analysis
• TEM Lamella Preparation
• Metrology at Nano scale
• STEM analysis
• EDS Analysis
• Site Specific Sample Preparation
• Prototyping for MEMS and NEMS
 Site Specific
FOCUSED ION BEAM (FIB) –
FIELD EMISSION SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (FESEM)
Sample Preparation

 Field emitters
formed by focused
ion beam milling.

 Diameter of tip -
less than 100 nm.
 FOCUSED ION BEAM (FIB) –
STEM Preparation
FIELD EMISSION SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (FESEM)

 Created with
focused ion beam and
ready for transfer to
TEM grid.

Magnification: 57,947x | Voltage: 10 kV |Detector: SE

Spot: 3.0 nA |Working Distance: 5.1 mm
 AUGER FOCUSED
ELECTRONION BEAM (FIB) –
FIELD EMISSION SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (FESEM)
SPECTROSCOPE (AES)

Specifications:
• 3 nm SEI resolution
• 8 nm probe diameter
for Auger analysis
• Chemical state analysis
in several 10 nm areas
• Allows Auger analysis
of insulating materials
Max sample size:
• 95 mm in diameter

JAMP-9500F FIELD EMISSION AUGER

MICROPROBE (FE-AUGER)
 FOCUSED ION BEAM (FIB) –
AES TESTING SERVICES
FIELD EMISSION SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (FESEM)

• Depth profile analysis

• Spectrum Measurement
• Surface map analysis
• Line analysis measurement
• Element identification
• Insulator material analysis
• Elemental microanalysis (≤1 atomic percentage)
• Imaging of part analysis (max magnification 500k)
TIME-OF-FLIGHT SECONDARY ION
MASS SPECTROMETER (TOF-SIMS)

Sample size
• Maximum size: 300mm
Modes of Operation:
Surface Spectroscopy
Surface Imaging
Depth Profiling
3D Analysis

IONTOF V-200
 FTIR SPECTROSCOPY
FOCUSED ION BEAM (FIB) –
FIELD EMISSION SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (FESEM)
AND IMAGING
• Failure analysis
• Micro-contamination
identification
• Adhesive performance
• Material delamination
• Corrosion chemistry
• Chemical analysis of samples down to about 10 x
10 µm : fibers, particles, crystals
• Analysis of inhomogenieties in a larger matrix
• Surface studies/characterization
 TEM AND AFM FOR MATERIALS
CHARACTERIZATION

Atomic Force Microscope

Transmission Electron Microscope
Nanoclay
NANOCLAY

Nanoclay is the commercial name for

organoclay or organo-montmorillonite.
• processed from local bentonite ore
• filler in POLYMER Nanocomposites.
PRODUCTS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
NANO in SPORTS

DUNLOP, INC.
PRODUCTS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
NANO in Packaging
 PRODUCTS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
NANO in SEMICONDUCTOR & MICROELECTRONICS

NANOCOMPOSITE NANO-FILLED SOLDER PASTE ALUMINUM- NANOTUBE

CUIRCUIT BOARDS FOR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS HEAT SINKS

TO247 Package
(power amplifier/power switching application)

HALLOYSITE NANOTUBES
 PRODUCTS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
NANO in PAINT
“Nano-inorganic mineral filled self-cleaning The project attempts to develop an organic
organic paint coating for architectural coating/paint which prevents adhesion or
applications” accumulation of lipophilic dirts on the painted
concrete panel/wall employing nanosized
powder materials into the paint mix.
 PRODUCTS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
NANO in WATER FILTRATION

Process Flow Diagram

Clay Body Mixture
Mixing ( roll kneader)
Forming ( jiggering)
Drying

Green Wares

Sintering

Sintered Products

Anti-microbial coating
application

Ceramic Pot Filter, 6L and 1.5L

 PRODUCTS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
NANO in WATER FILTRATION
Filter Assembly
Address important economic
indicators
1. Increase productivity
 Lower cost
 Increase output
 Improve quality

2. Develop new more sophisticated

products with higher value added
 THE END

Thank you for your attention.