Rubian, Roeylene Joyce G.

BSN 3-B DRUG STUDY

Name of Drug Mechanism of Action Indications Contraindications Adverse Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities

Brand Name: Increases the force of myocardial
contraction. Prolongs refractory
LANOXIN period of the AV node. Decreases
conduction through the SA and
Generic Name: AV nodes. Increased cardiac
output (positive inotropic effect)
Digoxin and slowing of the heart rate
(negative chronotropic effect).
DrugClass:
Antiarrhythmics, Inotropics
Cardiac failure accompanied
by atrial fibrillation;
management of chronic cardiac
failure where systolic
dysfunction or ventricular
dilatation is dominant;
management of certain
supraventricular arrhythmias,
particularly chronic atrial
flutter & fibrillation.
Intermittent complete heart
block or 2nd degree AV block
esp if there is a history of
Stokes-Adams attacks;
arrhythmia caused by cardiac
glycoside intoxication,
supraventricular arrhythmia
caused by Wolff-Parkinson-
White syndrome; ventricular
tachycardia or fibrillation;
hypertrophic obstructive
cardiomyopathy.
Hypersensitivity to other
digitalis glycosides.
CNS disturbances, dizziness;
visual disturbances (blurred or
yellowish vision); arrhythmia,
conduction disturbances,
bigeminy, trigeminy, PR
prolongation, sinus
bradycardia; nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea; urticarial or
scarlatiniform w/ eosinophilia.
• Monitor apical pulse before
administering.
• Monitor blood pressure
periodically in patients
receiving IV dogoxin.
• Monitor intake and output
ratios and daily weights.
• Observe patient for signs and
symptoms of toxicity.
• Oral preparations can be
administered without regard
to meals.
• Before administering initial
loading dose, determine
whether patient has taken
any digitalis preparations in
the preceding 2-3 wk.
Rubian, Roeylene Joyce G. BSN 3-B
Generic Name: Furosemide inhibits reabsorption
of Na and chloride mainly in the
medullary portion of the
FUROSEMIDE ascending Loop of Henle.
Excretion of potassium and
Brand Name: ammonia is also increased while
uric acid excretion is reduced. It
Lasix increases plasma-renin levels and
secondary hyperaldosteronism
Drug Class: may result. Furosemide reduces
BP in hypertensives as well as in
Diuretics normotensives. It also reduces
pulmonary oedema before
diuresis has set in.
Absorption: Fairly rapidly
absorbed from the GI tract (oral).
Distribution: Crosses the
placenta and enters breast milk.
Protein-binding: 99%.
Excretion: Via urine (as
unchanged); 2 hr (elimination
half-life), may be prolonged in
neonates and renal and hepatic
impairment.
DRUG STUDY
• Oral, IV: Edema associated Severe sodium and water
with CHF, cirrhosis, renal depletion, hypersensitivity to
diseaseI sulphonamides and
• IV: Acute pulmonary furosemide, hypokalaemia,
edemaOral: Hypertension hyponatraemia, precomatose
states associated with liver
cirrhosis, anuria or renal
failure. Addison's disease.
Fluid and electrolyte
imbalance. Rashes,
photosensitivity, nausea,
diarrhoea, blurred vision,
dizziness, headache,
hypotension. Bone marrow
depression (rare), hepatic
dysfunction. Hyperglycaemia,
glycosuria, ototoxicity.
Potentially Fatal: Rarely,
sudden death and cardiac
arrest. Hypokalaemia and
magnesium depletion can
cause cardiac arrhythmias.
• Administer with food or milk
to prevent GI upset.
• Reduce dosage if given with
other antihypertensives;
readjust dosage gradually as
BP responds.
• Give early in the day so that
increased urination will not
disturb sleep.
• Avoid IV use if oral use is at
all possible.