Class I equipment
Class I equipment is defined as ‘Equipment in which
protection against electric shock does not rely on
basic insulation only, but which includes means for
the connection of exposed-conductive-parts to a
protective conductor in the fixed wiring of the
installation’.
Class I equipment includes appliances and tools and
for such equipment protection against electric shock
is provided by:
(i) using basic insulation, and
(ii) connecting metal parts to the protective earthing
conductor in the connecting cable and plug and
hence via the socket-outlet to the fixed installation
wiring and the means of earthing.
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Which test to perform? The earthing terminal of the fixed wiring supply for
Test (i) is the preferred test. It must be remembered equipment which is permanently-connected such as
that some electrical test equipment can apply tests a hand drier.
which are inappropriate and may even damage
equipment containing electronic circuits, possibly Multiple continuity tests on a single appliance may
causing degradation to safety. If there is a possibility be required.
that damage may result due to the test current which Care must be taken that alternative earth paths are
can be up to a maximum of 25 A when Test (i) is used not provided by inadvertent contact or connection to
then Test (ii) should be performed. Metal-cased other equipment which may provide an earth path e.g.
business equipment, such as a computer mainframe, via a signal cable. This would result in grossly false
is normally tested by using Test (ii) whereas an measurements.
appliance such as an electric fire, washing machine or The value of resistance measured should be
fridge normally should be tested using Test (i). observed while flexing the flexible cable at the points
of entry to the equipment and to the plug. Any
Performing the test variation in the measured value should be
The continuity test should be made between: investigated. The terminations should be inspected
All accessible earthed metal parts of the equipment for any evidence of deterioration, poor contact,
(exposed-conductive-parts) and the earth pin of the looseness, corrosion etc.
plug for a plug-in appliance or Some equipment may have accessible metal parts
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ISSN 1749-978-X
4
which are earthed only for functional or For appliances (0.1 + R) ohm where R is the resistance
screening purposes with protection with a supply cord of the protective conductor of the supply cord
against electric shock being provided by
double or reinforced insulation. It is very For appliances
important that these non-safety earthed without a supply cord 0.1 ohm
metal parts are not subjected to the above
test (i) otherwise damage may result. Table 1: Continuity readings