Fuller patented his Tensile Integrity Structures octeristic variety of soft, naturalistic forms, ir­
ond improved them in 1973 by his design of on regular plons and slanting masonry supports.
asymmetrical structural form, which even today
exists only as o model.
Antoni Goudi 1852-1926
Antoni Goudi i Cornet studied from 1874 to
1878 in Borcelono. At this time he wos olreody
working in various architectural offices, includ­
ing the office of Francisco de Paulo de Villar,
whose successor he wos to become in 1883 on
the building of the Sogrodo Familia cathedral.
From 1878 he hod his own practice in Barcelo­
na, where he carried out most of his life's work.
In 1879 work began on his first project, the
Caso Vicens in Barcelona (1883-1885).
Goudi's love of quarry stones and coloured ce­
ramic tiles is apparent here right from the start.
Goudi found a good friend and patron in the
textile manufacturer Eusebi Guell, for whom he
designed among other buildings a town pal­
ace, the Palacio Guell (1885-1889). From 1888
to 1889 Goudi took over the building of the
Colegio Teresiono. On both these projects he
mode the first-ever use of his poroboloid vaults.
According to his calculations, the entire weight
of the vaulting could be borne by appropriately
angled pillars. To colculote the distribution of
weight for the church Colonic Guell, begun
near Barcelona in 1898, he devised for the pur­
pose a hanging cotenory cord model with pel­
let weights that simulated the weight distribution
"upside down". He subsequently introduced
these design oids for the Sogrodo Familia. From
1900 to 1914 he constructed ports of o pork de­
signed for Guell, the Porque Guell. The ports
actually completed were two residences, the en­
trance areo, the terracing and a network of
paths. Here, as elsewhere, Goudi used his char-
Richard Buckminster Fuller
Gaudi's most important apartment buildings in­
clude the Caso Botll6 (1904-1906) ond the
Coso Mil6 (1906-1910) with their moulded fo­
�odes. Goudi devised o wove form for the roof
and walls of the Sogrodo Familia school-house,
completed in 1909. Despite this wove form,
only straight roof beams were necessary. Simi­
lar forms were not employed again until the use
of concrete become popular. From 1914,
Goudi concentrated wholly on the completion
of the Sograda Familia, a project which occu­
pied him for the rest of his life ond still remains
unfinished.
Fronk 0. Gehry *1929
Gehry was educoted ot the University of South­
ern Colifornio in Los Angeles which he attended
until 1954. T hen he studied town planning ot the
Harvard Graduate School of Design. Thereafter
he worked in the offices of Welton Becket & As­
sociates (1957-1958) and Victor Gruen (1958-
1961) in Los Angeles, and Andre Remondet in
Paris (1961). In 1962 he opened his own office
in Los Angeles, which he runs today as the firm
of Frank 0. Gehry Associates. At the end of
the seventies he built o series of residences with
unusual use of space and industrial moteriols
such as the Spiller Residence in Venice, Colilor­
nio I 1979-1980) ond his own house in Santa
Monico (1978); here he hos covered the existing
building with on envelope of pink asbestos pan­
els, corrugated metal sheets and wire caging,
oil of which gives the impression of something
unfinished, unstable, and do-it-yourself. Of his
larger work the most noteworthy examples ore
in Los Angeles, such as the Loyola Low School
(1981-1984), the California Aerospace Mu­
seum (1983-1984) ond the Francis Howard
Goldwyn Regional Branch Library (1986). The
Fishdonce Restouront in Kobe, Japan (1987)
and the recently completed museum for the
Vitro Furniture Company in Weil om Rhein are
evidence of Geh ry's increasing activity abroad,
while at home in California he is building de­
tached houses in which eoch room is treated os
o separate building structure.
Irving John Gill 1870-1936
Gill, son of o building engineer, joined the of­
fice of Donkmor Adler and Louis Sullivan in Chi­
cago in 1890, worked as o draftsman on pro­
jects such as the Tronsportotion Building for the
Columbian Exposition of 1893, and met Fronk
Lloyd Wright. In 1896 he opened his own office
in Son Diego. In the following years he de­
signed numerous buildings in California, mostly
cubic, whitewashed concrete houses like
Klouber House in Son Diego (1907-1910) ond
the Wilson Acton Hotel in Lo Jello ( 1908),
whose completely featureless fo�ade is sub-
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