1. What is attention?

Attention is the behavioral and cognitive process of selectively concentrating on a

discrete aspect of information, whether deemed subjective or objective, while ignoring
other perceivable information.

2. What is shift of attention?

shifts of attention, in which the eyes or body is directed towards a new focus of
attention, covert shifts of attention cannot be directly observed from a second
person. ... Neural systems involved in covert and overt attentional shifts show
strong overlap.

3. What is fluctuation of attention?

It appears for us that our attention can be concentrated on a particular act for
more time. But careful observation clearly shows that we cannot concentrate on a
single act or stimulus for more than few seconds. ... Such a temporary shift in
attention is called fluctuation of attention.

4. How attention is shifted?

Attentional shift (or shift of attention) occurs when directing attention to a point
to increase the efficiency of processing that point and includes inhibition to
decrease attentional resources to unwanted or irrelevant inputs.

5. What are the cause of fluctuation?

Fluctuation of attention happens because of the periodic, fatigue and in the parts of
the brain which are concerned with our observation. e flUctuation of attention is due to
changes in the physiological conditions the sense organ and the brain area that are being
used.
 Span of Attention:
1. What is span of attention or what does it mean?

Attention span is the amount of concentrated time a person can spend on a task
without becoming distracted. Most educators and psychologists agree that the
ability to focus and sustain attention on a task is crucial for the achievement of
one's goals.
2. What is an average span of attention according to statistics now a days?

Average span of attention now a days according to statistics tools is measured

down from 12 seconds in the year 2000 to eight seconds now.

3. What type of process attention is?

It is a process which compels the individuals to select some particular stimulus

according to his interest and attitude out of the multiplicity of stimuli present in
the Environment.
4. How can we find the span of attention through psychological test?

The simplest type of recall test with verbal materials is found in span of attention tests.
The subject is presented with a series of digits gradually increasing in length. Each list
in presented only one time. When the auditory span of attention for digits is tested, the
digits are read by the tester. As soon as the end of series is indicated the subject tries to
repeat the digits vocally. Thus if the experimenter reads “02345667” the subject have
to reread them with correct order.
The span of attention for digits is the longest group of words one can recall in correct
order, regardless to the length of series read to him.
 Questions / Answers
1: What are Basic forms of Distraction?
Two types of distraction are as follows:
Continuous Distraction: As the name suggests, it is the continuous distraction of
attention.
For example, the sound of the radio or gramophone played continuously, the noise
of market place etc. Experiments say adjustments to continuous distraction take
place quickly.
Discontinuous Distraction: This type of distraction is irregular, being interspersed
with intervals.
For example, the hearing of somebody's voice every now and then. It interferes
with work because of impossibility of adjustment.

2: Define External and internal sources/types of distraction.

The sources of distraction can be roughly divided into two parts:
1-External Factors:
It is also called environmental faxtor. These are more common and
prominent.
Noise, music, improper lighting, uncomfortable seats defect inadequate
ventilation, defective voice of the teachers are the common external distractor in
the class room.
2-Internal Factors:
Emotional disturbances, ill health, anger, fear, feeling of insecurity,
boredom, lack of motivation, feeling of fatigue, lack of interest, unrelated subject
matters are the examples of the internet distractor.
3: How distraction can ease pain?
 Our brain have limited ability to focus. We can't pay attention to everything
around us all at once so we must choose what to focus. For example, we must
focus on work while struggling to resist more interesting distractions.
4: How distraction can help us to stay fit?
Distraction of attention help us to stay fit. Research suggests taking our minds off
the pain of physical exercise, with music or television, can improve our
performance and endurance.
Digital distractions and personal technology can help us to be stronger in the
moment, certain personal technologies can also help us to build our courage.
Games are also a particular good way to boost our self -efficiency __our
confidence in our ability to overcome problems.

5: What are the objective factors to overcome distraction?

Some objective factors may also help us to overcome distraction. A high achiever,
highly motivated, persistent, relaxed, having good control and better adaptability
will not easily be distracted. Those individuals who are anxiety prone, low
motivated, fatigued 'mentally disturbed can't concentrate easily. To overcome the
distraction' individual must be given some rewards and incentives. Social approval
and good role model can also help in this regard.