Anda di halaman 1dari 6

See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/322508245

IOT Based Smart Crop Monitoring in Farm Land

Article  in  "Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) · January 2018

CITATIONS READS

2 4,889

5 authors, including:

Naveen Balaji Gowthaman


SNS College of Technology
84 PUBLICATIONS   65 CITATIONS   

SEE PROFILE

Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:

Opto Deportation View project

Alison Certification View project

All content following this page was uploaded by Naveen Balaji Gowthaman on 15 January 2018.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.


Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR)
Peer Reviewed – International Journal
Vol-4, Issue-1, 2018 (IJIR)
ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in

IOT Based Smart Crop Monitoring in


Farm Land
G. Naveen Balaji*, V. Nandhini#, S. Mithra#, N. Priya# , R. Naveena#
* - Assistant Professor, Department of ECE, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, TN –
INDIA.
# - UG Student, Department of ECE, SNS College of Technology,TN – INDIA.

Abstract: As new technologies has been introduced system effectively, sensor is deployed in the field
and utilized in modern world, there is a need to which senses the water requirement of the soil and
bring advancement in the field of agriculture also. provides irrigation automatically.The farmer will be
Various Researches have been undergone to able to view the information of his field through
improve crop cultivation and have been widely used. GSM technology.
In order to improve the crop productivity efficiently,
it is necessary to monitor the environmental
conditions in and around the field. The parameters
2. Literature review
that has to be properly monitored to enhance the
yield are soil characteristics, weather conditions, A system using sensors that monitor different
moisture, temperature, etc.,Internet of Things (IOT) conditions of environment like water level,
is being used in several real time applications.The humidity, temperature etc., the processor along with
introduction of IOT along with the sensor network IC-S8817BS and wireless transceiver module with
in agriculture refurbish the traditional way of zigbee protocol is used.The field condition is sent to
farming.Online crop monitoring using IOT helps the the farmer via mobile text messages and email from
farmers to stay connected to his field from anywhere the experts. With this system Sensor node failure
and anytime. Various sensors are used to monitor and energy efficiency are managed. Zigbee
and collect information about the field conditions. technology is used which sometimes lack in range of
Collectively the about the farm condition is sent to communication [1].
the farmer through GSM technology. A system is proposed for intelligent agriculture
greenhouse monitoring system based on Zigbee
Keywords: Arduino, IOT, Sensors. technology. The system performs data acquisition,
processing, transmission and reception functions.
The aim of their experiments is to realize
1. Introduction greenhouse environment system, where the of
system efficiency to manage the environment area
One of the main aspects of human survival is and reduce the money and farming cost and also
the agriculture which is the main source of food. save energy. IOT technology here is based on the B-
Unfortunately most of the farmers in our country S structure andcc2530 used like processing chip to
use traditional way of farming which is a hectic work for wireless sensor node and coordinator. The
process to analyse data manually related to soil and gateway has Linux operating system and cortex A8
crops. This can be overcome by modern farming processor act as core. Overall the design realizes
methods. As the agriculture industry is one of the remote intelligent monitoring and control of
important aspects of a country’s economic growth, it greenhouse and also replaces the traditional wired
is necessary to bring automation in agriculture technology to wireless, also reduces manpower cost
which relatively enhance the crop yield and helps in [3].
developing economy. Deployment of automation in A system is proposed for plant growth which
agriculture leads to effective crop monitoring can be monitored using thermal imaging technique.
without human intervention in the field. Internet of Here the irrigation temperature distribution
things is the network of physical objects embedded measurement (ITDM) technique has been implied.
with sensors, software and electronic components In real time the thermal images comprising of both
like microcontrollers, as sensors and low and high temperature ITDM values gives better
microcontrollers cannot be connected to the internet irrigation. Thermal imaging can provide temperature
directly. The crop productivity is based on good value of all pixels in the field when compared to
irrigation system. In order to maintain the irrigation thermometry which only provides an average

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 88


Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR)
Peer Reviewed – International Journal
Vol-4, Issue-1, 2018 (IJIR)
ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in

value.For temperatures which are very close in


range, thermal imaging leads to inaccurate
information so that the objects can become
indifferenciable [4].
A method to evaluate the use of wireless sensor
network used in automating irrigation and data are
sent to the web server through wireless
communication. The sensors are used to sense the
temperature, humidity, moisture for crop
monitoring. The irrigation is automated when the
sensor reading goes below the threshold values. The
farmer is regularly intimated with the field
Fig 4.1 Block diagram for crop monitoring
conditions. It also explained that in greenhouses,
light intensity control can also be automated in The different sensors used are temperature and
addition to irrigation. Here, the prediction of crop humidity sensor and soil moisture sensor. The
water requirement is not efficient [6]. information collected by the sensors is sent to the
arduino microcontroller ATmega328.The collected
information can be displayed in a LCD display. A
3. Related work webpage is created and the information collected by
the sensors are updated periodically in it through
Here, thermal imaging is used for irrigation in Wi-Fi. A GSM module is connected with the
the crop field. There is no need for modifications in microcontroller through which the message about
the surface temperatures when thermal imaging the farm condition is sent to the authorised person.
technique is used which is a noncontact and
nonintrusive technique. Water stress, gas exchange,
evapotranspiration rate stomatal conductance. As a 5. Hardware used
result of this the canopy temperature increases. The
stomata start to close and transpires so that the A.Arduino microcontroller AT mega328
plants starts heating order to measure stomatal
conductance, plant temperature and ATmega328 is a single chip
evapotranspiration rate by determining stomatal microcontroller created by Atmel in the megaAVR
responses, thermal remote sensing is used. family. The Atmel 8-bit AVR RISC-based
The advantage of using thermal imaging is that microcontroller combines 32 kB ISP flash memory
thermal imaging can provide temperature value of with read-while-write capabilities, 1 kB EEPROM,
all pixels in the field when compared to 2 kB SRAM, 23 general purpose I/O lines, 32
thermometry which only provides an average value. general purpose working registers, three flexible
Image processing and data analytic techniques are timer/counters with compare modes, internal and
used in thermal imaging for reducing crop water external interrupts, serial programmable USART, a
stress and to provide scheduled irrigation. Cloud of byte-oriented 2-wire serial interface, SPI serial port,
things (COT) network which comprises of Internet 6-channel 10-bit A/D converter (8-channels in
of Things and cyber physical system is used. The TQFP and QFN/MLF packages), programmable
disadvantage of thermal imaging is that for watchdog timer with internal oscillator, and five
temperatures which are very close in range, thermal software selectable power saving modes. The device
imaging leads to inaccurate information taken from operates between 1.8-5.5 volts. The device achieves
the camera so that the objects can become throughput approaching 1 MIPS perMHz.
indifferenciable. Thermal imaging cameras are not
widely used because of its high cost [4]. B. Soil moisture sensor YL-69

The soil moisture sensor or the hygrometer


4. Proposed system is usually used to detect the humidity of the soil.
In the proposed system, Crop monitoring is The sensor is set up by two pieces: the electronic
done where sensors are used to collect information board and the probe with two pads, that detects the
in the agricultural field. water content .The sensor has a built-in
potentiometer for sensitivity adjustment of the
digital output (D0), a power LED and a digital
output LED. The voltage that the sensor outputs
changes accordingly to the water content in the soil.

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 89


Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR)
Peer Reviewed – International Journal
Vol-4, Issue-1, 2018 (IJIR)
ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in

C. Temperature and Humidity sensor expansion boards (shields) and other circuits. The
DHT11 boards feature serial communications interfaces,
including Universal Serial Bus (USB) on some
The DHT11 is a basic, ultra low-cost models, which are also used for loading programs
digital temperature and humidity sensor. It uses a from personal computers. The microcontrollers are
capacitive humidity sensor and a thermistor to typically programmed using a dialect of features
measure the surrounding air, and spits out a digital from the programming languages C and C++. In
signal on the data pin. It does not need any analog addition to using traditional compiler toolchains, the
input pin. Arduino project provides an integrated development
environment (IDE) based on the Processing
D. GSM Module language project.

SIM800 is a quad-band GSM/GPRS 7. Execution Procedure


module designed for the global market. It work on
frequencies GSM 850MHz, EGSM 900MHz, DCS
1800MHz and PCS 1900MHz.SIM800 features Soil moisture sensor (yl-69)
GPRS multi-slot class 12/ class 10 (optional) and
supports the GPRS coding schemes CS-1, CS-2, CS- Step 1:The soil moisture sensor (YL-69) consists of
3 and CS-4.SIM800 has 68 SMT pads,and provides three pins namely A0, D0, VCC and SGND.
all hardware interfaces between the module and  The A0 pin of soil moisture sensor (YL-69)
customers’ boards.SIM800 integrates TCP/IP is connected to the analog input pin A0 of
protocol and extended TCP/IP AT commands which arduino UNO.
are very useful for data transfer applications.  Connect VCC of YL-69 to 5V power
supply pin of arduino UNO.
F.WiFi Module  Connect the ground pins of YL-69 and
arduino UNO.
The ESP8266 is a low-cost Wi-Fi chip with full Step 2:Compile the code to check for errors.
TCP/IP stack and MCU (microcontroller unit) Step 3:Upload the code to the arduino board.
capability produced by Shanghai-based Chinese Step 4:Click Tools> Serial monitor to view the
manufacturer. This small module allows moisture content of the soil.
microcontrollers to connect to a Wi-Fi network and
make simple TCP/IP connections using Hayes-style Temperature and Humidity sensor (DHT 11)
commands. The ESP8285 is an ESP8266 with 1
MiB of built-in flash, allowing for single-chip Step 1:The temperature and humidity sensor
devices capable of connecting to Wi-Fi. The (DHT11) consists of positive, output and negative
successor to these microcontroller chips is the pins.
ESP32.  The positive pin of DHT 11 is connected
to the 5V power supply of arduino UNO.
G.MAX 232  The output pin of DHT 11 is connected to
the digital output pin D7 of arduino UNO.
The MAX232 is an integrated circuit that  The negative pin of DHT 11 is connected
converts signals from a TIA-232 (RS-232) serial to the GND pin of arduino UNO.
port to signals suitable for use in TTL-compatible Step 2:Compile the code to check for errors.
digital logic circuits The MAX232 is a dual Step 3:Upload the code to the arduino board.
transmitter / dual receiver that typically is used to Step 4:Click Tools> Serial monitor to view the
convert the RX, TX, CTS, RTS signals. The temperature and humidity.
receivers reduce TIA-232 inputs, which may be as
high as ±25 volts, to standard 5 volt TTL levels.

6. Software used

H.Arduino

Arduino board designs use a variety of


microprocessors and controllers. The boards are
equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output
(I/O) pins that may be interfaced to various

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 90


Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR)
Peer Reviewed – International Journal
Vol-4, Issue-1, 2018 (IJIR)
ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in

Fig 8.2 Soil moisture sensor output for


Fig 7.1 Connection of Microcontroller and Sensors
dry soil sample

Fig 7.2 Hardware setup

Fig 8.3 Soil moisture sensor output


8. Experimental Result
without sample

Fig 8.1 Soil moisture sensor output for


Fig 8.4 Temperature and Humidity
Wet soil sample
sensor output

9. Conclusion and futurework


In this paper, we proposed a method for
efficient crop monitoring for agricultural field.With
the application of IOT the datas can be stored and
retrieved from anywhere.In this proposed work, the
sensor part is limited only for monitoring of crops

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 91


Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR)
Peer Reviewed – International Journal
Vol-4, Issue-1, 2018 (IJIR)
ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in

hence in future it can be automated for irrigation Raspberry Pi Based on Internet of Things”,
and the system can be enhanced with security of Advances inComputing, Communications and
farmland under video surveillence which prevents it Informatics (ICACCI), 2015 International
from obtruder intrusion. Conferences.

11. G. Naveen Balaji, S.Chenthur Pandian, “Design for


10. References Testability of Kipbond Logic” has been published in
“Perspectivas em Ciência da Informação”, Vol. 22,
1. Balaji Bhanu, Raghava Rao, J.V.N. Ramesh and No. SP.01, pp: 261-284, ISSN 1413-9936
Mohammed Ali hussain, “Agriculture Field
Monitoring and Analysis using Wireless Sensor 12. G. Naveen Balaji, S. Chenthur Pandian, D. Rajesh
Networks for improving Crop Production”, Eleventh “Fast Test Pattern Generator using ATALANTA M
International Conference on Wireless and Optical 2.0” Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences
Communications Networks (WOCN).2014. and Humanities (Annexure I) Vol. 7 No. 2 (Feb 2017)
pp. 721-729 ISSN: 2249-7315
2. HarshalMeharkure, ParagYelore, SheetalIsrani, DOI: 10.5958/2249-7315.2017.00124.1
“Application of IOT Based System for Advance
Agriculture in India”, International Journal of 13. M. Srinivasaperumal, K. Boopathi Raja, G. Naveen
Innovative Research in Computer and Balaji, E. Christina Dally “Concurrent Node
Communication Engineering(IJIRCCE) Vol. 3, Issue Recovery From Failure In Wireless Sensor-Actor
11, pp. 10831-10837, 2015. Networks” Advances in Natural and Applied
Sciences (Annexure II), Vol. 10 Issue 17 (Dec 2016)
3. LIU Dan, Cao Xin, Huang Chongwei, JI Liang pp: 240-246, ISSN: 1995-0772
Liang, “Intelligent agent greenhouse environment
monitoring system based on IOT technology”, 14. G. Naveen Balaji, R. Prabha, E. Shanthini, J.
International Conference on Intelligent Jayageetha, Mohand Lagha “Rapid low power
Transportation, Big Data &Smart City, 2015. Synchronous circuits using transmission gates”
Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences (Annexure
4. Mehdi Roopei,Paul Rad,Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo, II), Vol. 10, Issue 17 (Dec 2016) pp: 287-291, ISSN:
“Cloud of Things in smart agriculture: Intelligent 1995-0772
irrigation monitoring by Thermal Imaging” IEEE
Cloud Computing,2017. 15. G. Naveen Balaji, V. Aathira, K. Ambhikavathi, S.
Geethiga, R. Havin “Low Power and High Speed
5. M.Srinivasaperumal,” ConcurrentNode Recovery Synchronous Circuits using Transmission Gates”
From Failure In Wireless Sensor-Actor Networks” Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and
Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences, Vol.17, Humanities (Annexure I), Vol. 7 No. 2 (Feb 2017) pp.
pp 240-246, December 2016. 713-720. ISSN: 2249-7315, DOI: 10.5958/2249-
7315.2017.00123.X
6. P. Rajalakshmi and S.D. Mahalakshmi, “IOT Based
Crop-Field Monitoring and Irrigation 16. G. Naveen Balaji, S. Anusha, J. Ashwini “GPS Based
Automation”,10th Int’l Conf. Intelligent Systems and Smart Navigation for Visually Impaired Using
Control (ISCO) , pp. 1–5, 2016 Bluetooth 3.0” Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary
Research (IJIR) Vol. 3, No. 3, 2017, pp. 773-776.
7. R. Balamurali, K. Kathiravan, “An Analysis of ISSN: 2454-1362
Various Routing Protocols for Precision Agriculture
using Wireless Sensor Network”,IEEE International
Conference on Technological Innovations in ICT for
Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR 2015).

8. Rwan Mahmoud, TasneemYousuf, FadiAloul,


“Internet of Things (IOT) Security: Current Status,
Challenges and Prospective Measures'', Internet
Technology and Secured Transactions (ICITST),
2015, 10th International Conference.

9. TanmayBaranwal”Development of IOT based Smart


Security and Monitoring Devices for
Agriculture”,Department of Computer Science
Lovely Professional University Phagwara, Punjab,
IEEE-2016.

10. V.Sandeep Department of Electronics, K.


LalithGopal, S.Naveen,A.Amudhan, L. S. Kumar,
“Globally Accessible Machine AutomationUsing

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 92

View publication stats

Anda mungkin juga menyukai