ACTIVITY NO.

LINEAR PROGRAMMING SIMPLEX METHOD

PROBLEM:

A metal fabricator manufacturers three types of windows. Each of the windows needs four processes.

The time taken on various machines differ due to the size of windows. The time taken and available hours are

given in the table below:

Window Type Cutting Heat Treating Forging Grinding

A 5 7 1 4

B 7 4 4 8

C 4 8 6 2

Available Time 20 24 28 22

The profit contribution for windows A, B, and C are $3, $4, and $5 respectively.

a. Formulate the problem and LP model

b. Solve the problem using simplex method (showing the steps) to maximize the profit

c. Determine the excess time available in each processes and by how much (use the excel solver and print

the result, then interpret.)

Answers:

WINDOW TYPE CUTTING HEAT TREATING FORGING GRINDING Profit

A 5 7 1 4 3

B 7 4 4 8 4

C 4 8 6 2 5

Available Time 20 24 28 22

DECISION VARIABLES:

Let X1 = the number of window type A to be manufactured

Let X2 = the number of window type B to be manufactured

Let X3 = the number of window type C to be manufactured

OBJECTIVE FUNCTION:

Zmax = 3X1 + 4X2 + 5X3

NON-NEGATIVE:

X1; x2; X3 ≥ 0

CONSTRAINTS:

Cutting 5X1 + 7X2 + 4X3≤ 20

Heat Treating 7X1 + 4X2 + 8X3≤ 24

Forging X1 + 4X2 + 6X3≤ 28

Grinding 4X1 + 8X2 + 2X3≤ 22

LINEAR PROGRAMMING MODEL:

Maximize Z = 3X1 + 4X2 + 5X3

CONSTRAINTS WITH SLACK VARIABLES:

5X1 + 7X2 + 4X3 + S1= 20

7X1 + 4X2 + 8X3 + S2= 24

X1 + 4X2 + 6X3 + S3= 28

4X1 + 8X2 + 2X3 + S4= 22

Zmax = 3X1 + 4X2 + 5X3 + OS1 + OS2 + OS3 + OS4

Where X1; X2; X3 ≥ 0

Table 1 - Coefficient of Variables

Iteration Basic Solution Minimum

X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4
Number Variable Variable Ratio

0 S1 20 5 7 4 1 0 0 0

S2 24 7 4 8 0 1 0 0

S3 28 1 4 6 0 0 1 0

S4 22 4 8 2 0 0 0 1
Table 2

Iteration Basic Solution Minimum

X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4
Number Variable Variable Kc Ratio

0 S1 20 5 7 4 1 0 0 0 5

Kr S2 24 7 4 8 0 1 0 0 3

0 S3 28 1 4 6 0 0 1 0 4.7

0 S4 22 4 8 2 0 0 0 1 11

-Zj 0 -3 -4 -5 0 0 0 0

Note:

Kc = column with the highest absolute value of variable which is a negative number = -5 (column X3)

Kr = one which contains the smallest positive ratio

20 24 28 1= 22
S1 = 1= 5 S2 = 1= 3 S3 = S1 = 1= 11
4 8 6 4.67 2
Kr = S2 = 3

Note:

Pivotal Element = 8 value found in the intersection of Kr and Kc

.125R1

X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 P

5 7 4 1 0 0 0 0 20

.88 .50 1 0 .13 0 0 0 3

1 4 6 0 0 1 0 0 28

4 8 2 0 0 0 1 0 22

-3 -4 -5 0 0 0 0 0 0
-4R2 + R1

X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 P

1.5 5 0 1 -0.50 0 0 0 8

.88 .50 1 0 .13 0 0 0 3

1 4 6 0 0 1 0 0 28

4 8 2 0 0 0 1 0 22

-3 -4 -5 0 0 0 0 1 0

-6R2 + R2

X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 P

1.5 5 0 1 -0.50 0 0 0 8

.88 .50 1 0 .13 0 0 0 3

-4.28 1 0 0 .78 1 0 0 10

4 8 2 0 0 0 1 0 22

-3 -4 -5 0 0 0 0 1 0

-2R2 + R4

X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 P

1.5 5 0 1 0.50 0 0 0 8

.88 .50 1 0 .13 0 0 0 3

-4.28 1 0 0 .78 1 0 0 10
 2.25 7 0 0 .25 0 1 0 16

-3 -4 -5 0 0 0 0 1 0

5R2 + R5

X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 P

1.5 5 0 1 -0.50 0 0 0 8

.88 .50 1 0 .13 0 0 0 3

-4.28 1 0 0 -0.78 1 0 0 10

2.25 7 0 0 -0.25 0 1 0 16

1.40 -1.6 0 0 0.63 0 0 1 15

5R2 + R5

X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 P

.30 1 0 .30 .30 0 0 0 1.6

.88 .50 1 0 .53 0 0 0 3

-4.24 1 0 0 0.78 1 0 0 10

2.25 7 0 0 0.25 0 1 0 16

1.40 -1.5 0 0 0.63 0 0 1 15

-5R2

X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 P

0.30 1 0 0.28 0.30 0 0 0 1.6

0.73 0 1 -0.10 0.17 0 0 0 2.2

-4.28 1 0 0 -0.78 1 0 0 10

2.25 7 0 0 -0.28 0 1 0 16

1.40 -1.5 0 0 0.63 0 0 1 15

-1R3

X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 P

0.30 1 0 0.20 0.10 0 0 0 1.60

0.73 0 1 -0.10 0.17 0 0 0 2.20

-4.28 0 0 -0.20 0.65 1 0 0 8.40

2.25 7 0 0 0.23 0 1 0 16

1.40 -1.5 0 0 0.63 0 0 1 15

-7R4

X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 P

0.30 1 0 0.20 -0.10 0 0 0 1.60

0.73 0 1 -0.10 0.17 0 0 0 2.20

-4.58 0 0 -0.20 -0.68 1 0 0 8.40

0.15 0 0 -1.40 0.45 0 1 0 4.80

1.40 -1.5 0 0 0.63 0 0 1 15

1.5R2 + R5 = R5

X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 S4 P

0.30 1 0 0.20 -0.10 0 0 0 1.60

0.73 0 1 -0.10 0.17 0 0 0 2.20

-4.50 0 0 -0.20 -0.65 1 0 0 8.40

0.15 0 0 -1.40 0.45 0 1 0 4.80

1.82 0 0 0.30 0.47 0 0 1 17.40

Maximum Profit: P 17.40

The maximum amount we would be prepared to pay for the machine. This is because if we pay more than this

amount, then, we will reduce our maximum profit