Planning and Design OF FOOTBALL

STADIUM
Project Guide :
Mr. M.LAMBODHARAN,m.e,
(assistant professor)

ARUL.M.G.ASHIKA
S.INDHUMATHI
FOOTBALL STADIUM
 ABSTRACT
 Reinforced concrete has been utilized as an economical
construction material for building any types of structures
throughout the world.

 This project covers the planning and design of Football

Stadium. It is best suited for suburb region-OMR.

 Design of slab, Staircase, Beam, Column are done

manually using IS:456-2000 and SP-16.

 The designs of all Structural members are carried out by

Limit State Method. M20 Grade of Concrete and Fe-415
steel HYSD bars are used.
 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
 Site selection.
 Layout of stadium is done.
 Planning and elevation of football stadium is carried out
using AutoCAD.
 Slab, column, beam and staircase are designed using
IS:456-2000.
 Detailed drawing is done using AutoCAD.
 METHOD OF DESIGN
 There are two methods of design:
 Limit state method of design (Ultimate load
method)
 Working stress method of design.

 The design of all structural members are carried out by

Limit State Method.

 Limit state design is a method of designing structures

based on a statistical concept of safety and the associated
statistical probability of failure.
 STADIUM
 Stadium comes the Greek word “Stadion”.
 Stadium is a place or venue for outdoor games such as
Football, Cricket, Athletics.
 Tracks and fields are provided in the stadium.
 The stadium field meets with multi sports competition.
 Football stadium
 The football stadium is designed with dimension of
165mX135m .
 The standard Football field size is 120 X 90m.
 The capacity of stadium is 5,000.
 Seating are provided at lower stages.
 Four main entrance are provided at the corners
 Rectangular columns of dimensions 0.23mx0.45m are
used.
 The roof are made of metal tubes, aluminum sheet and
concrete.
 Football stadium comprises of
 Conference Room
 Players Rooms
 Control Rooms
 Press Boxes
 Doping Room
 Rest Room
 First Aid Room
 Ticket Counter
 Electricity control Room
 Physiotherapy Room
 Store Room
 Referee Room
 Mixed zone
 Trophy Cabinet
 Foundation room
 Canteen
 METHODOLOGY
SITE SELECTION
(OMR-south east Chennai)

STADIUM ELEVATION
(Done in AutoCAD)
PREPARATING OF
LAYOUT
(Done by AutoCAD)
DESIGN
(Manually using IS456-2000
code, SP 16)
STADIUM PLAN
(Done by AutoCAD)
GUIDELINES IN THE PLANNING
AND DESIGN OF
FOOTBALL STADIUM
S.NO SPACE SPACE AREA IN
SQUARE METERS
1 Conference Room 10.00mX06.54m
2 Players Rooms 10.00mX06.54m
3 Control Rooms 13.07mX06.54m
4 Press Boxes 05.59mX06.54m
5 Doping Room 09.60mX06.54m
6 Rest Room 06.00mx06.54m
7 First Aid Room 14.05mX06.54m
8 Ticket Counter 05.00mX06.54m
9 Electricity control Room 10.54mX12.27m
10 Physiotherapy Room 12.35mX06.54m
S.NO SPACE SPACE AREA IN
SQUARE METERS
11 Store Room 06.00mX06.54m
12 Referee Room 06.00mX06.54m
13 Mixed zone 09.95mX06.54m
14 Trophy Cabinet 05.00mX06.54m
15 Foundation room 10.00mX06.54m
16 Canteen 15.00mX06.54m
17 Media Room 10.00mX06.54m
18 VIP Entrance 08.00mX06.54m
19 Delegates Room 10.00mX06.54m
20 Press Conference Room 11.60mX06.54m
S.NO SPACE SPACE AREA IN
SQUARE METERS
21 Information Centre 05.00mX06.54m
22 First Aid Room for 09.77mX06.54m
spectators
23 Locker Room 05.00mX06.54m
24 Fitness Room 10.54mX10.54m
25 Workers Room 06.00mX06.54m
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN
 Football stadium is an assemble of various elements like slabs,
beams, footings, walls, lintels, sunshade, staircase etc,
 The design includes assessing of loads, providing members of
sufficient proportions with regard to stability and sufficient
margin of safety.
 A structure is said to be efficiently designed, when all
component members are so arranged that they transmit their
self weight and other imposed load to foundation by cheapest
and efficient means.
 In this project work, structural members are designed according
to provisions of IS-456-2000, DESIGN AIDS (SP-16) and all
the design details are done with limit state design.
 DESIGN OF ONE WAY SLAB:
Step1: Design data :-
Clear Size of Room = 10.0 x3.0m
Live Load = 4.00 KN/m2
Wall Thickness = 230mm
Materials = M20 & Fe415
Type of slab :-
Ly/Lx = 10.0/3.0
= 3.3> 2.0
Since the ratio of long to short span is greater than 2, the
slab should be designed as one way slab.
Step2: Effective depth of slab :-
Depth, d = Clear Span /25
= 3000/25
d = 120.00mm
Assuming a clear cover of 20mm
Overall Depth, D = d +20
D = 140mm
Step3: Effective Span :-
(i) Centre to centre of support = b/2 + l + b/2
= 3230mm
(ii) Clear span + effective depth = 3000+120
= 3120mm
Effective span, L = 3120mm
Step4: Load Calculations :-
Self weight of slab = 1 x 0.14 x 25 = 3.50 KN/m2
Floor finish = 1.00 KN /m2
Live load = 4.00 KN/m2
Total service load W = 8.50KN/m2
Ultimate load (Wu) = W x 1.5
= 12.75KN/m2
Step 5: Ultimate Moment Mu and Shear Force Vu :-
(i) Ultimate Moment (Mu) = Wu L2 /8
Mu = 15.51 KN.m
(ii) Ultimate Shear (Vu) = Wu L /2
Vu = 19.89 KN
Step 6: Limiting Moment of resistance :-
Mu,lim = 0.138 fck b d2
= 39.74 KN.m
Since Mu < Mu,lim , Section is under-reinforceed.
Step 7: Main Reinforcement :-
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d[1-(fy Ast )/fckbd]
357.98 = Ast – 1.729 x 10-4 Ast 2
Ast = 383mm2
Using 10mm diameter bars,
Spacing, S = (1000 ast )/Ast
S = 205mm (say) 200mm
Provide 10mm diameter bars at 200mm centres
Step 8: Distribution Reinforcement :-
Minimum Ast = 0.12 % bD
= 168mm2 < 301.59 mm2
Use 8mm diameter bars,
Spacing, S = 1000ast/ Ast
S = 280mm
Provide 10mm diameter bar at 280 mm.
Step 9: Check for Shear Stress :-
τv = Vu/bd
τv = 0.17 N/mm2
Pt = (100 Ast )/ bd
= 0.17 N/mm2
Permissible shear stresses in slab is
Refer Table 19 of IS:456-2000
τc = 0.29 N/mm2
k τc = 1.27 x 0.29
= 0.37 N/mm2 > τv
Hence the slab is safe against shear
Step 10: Check for Deflection Control :-
Pt = 0.34 N/mm2
Refer IS : 456-2000,
Refer Fig 4, Kt = 1.4
Refer Fig 5, Kc = 1.0
(L/d)max = (L/d)basic x Kt x Kc
= 20 x 1.4 x 1.0
= 28
 (L/d)actual = 3120/120
= 26 < 28
Hence the limit state of deflection is satisfied, the design
is safe.
Step 11: Reinforcement Detail :-
Result :-
Effective depth = 120mm
Overall depth = 140mm
Provide 10mm diameter bars at 200mm centres in main
reinforcement.
Provide 8mm diameter bars at 250 mm centres in distribution
reinforcement.
 DESIGN OF TREAD RISER STAIRCASE
Step 1: Design data :-
Riser = 300mm
Tread = 800mm
Materials = M20 & Fe415
Live load = 5.00 KN/m2
Step 2: Effective Span :-
Effective span, L = (11x0.8) + 0.23 + 0.57
= 9.60 m
Thickness of Riser -tread slab = L/25
= 9600/25
= 384mm
 Adopt, Overall Depth, D = 400mm
Effective Depth, d = 375mm
Step 3: Load calculations :-
Self weight per step = (0.3+0.8) x 25 x 0.4
= 11 KN
Dead load of the step per metre = 11000/800
= 13.75 KN/m2
Weight of finishes = 1.00 KN/m2
Live load = 5.00 KN/m2
Total load, W = 19.75 KN/m2
Ultimate load, Wu = 30 KN/m2
Step 4: Design of Tread-Riser unit :-

Showing the loading on horizontal span, L = 9.6m.

The Reaction at left hand support A is :-
RA = 30 x 9.6/2 = 144 KN
Maximum design moment at mid span of tread riser unit
Mu = RA x 4.8 - 30 x 4.8 x 2.4
= 144 x 4.8 - 30 x 4.8 x 2.4
Mu = 345.60 KNm
Step 5: Check for depth :-
Effective depth required to resist the maximum moment is
d =
d = 353.86 mm
Effective depth provided is 375mm
Hence the section is under reinforced and safe.
Step 6: Reinforcement :-
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d [1-fy Ast/fck bd]
Ast = 3075.67 mm2
Provide 22mm diameter bars at 120mm centres in the
form of closed ties.
Distribution bars of 12mm diameter transversely at each
bend of the ties.
Step 7: Reinforcement Detail :-

ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN ‘mm’

Result:
No of step = 12
Thickness of tread –riser slab = 400mm
Therefore Provide 22mm diameter bars @ 120mm c/c.
Provide Distribution bars of 12mm diameter bars
 DESIGN OF BEAM
Step 1 : Design Data :-
Clear span, L = 5m
Breadth of the beam, B = 230 mm
Materials = M20 & Fe415
Live load = 5.00 KN/m2
Step 2 : Cross Sectional Dimensions :-
Effective depth, d = Span/12
= 5000/12
= 416.67 mm
Adopt, Effective Depth, d = 420 mm
Overall Depth, D = 470mm
Step 3 : Effective Span :-
Effective Span, L = Clear Span + Effective Depth
= 5000 + 420
= 5420 mm
Centre to Centre of support = 5000 + 230
= 5230 mm
Hence, Effective Span, L = 5230 mm
Step 4: Load calculation:-
Self weight of beam=0.23 x 0.47 x 1 x 25 = 2.70 KN/m
Live load = 7.00 KN/m
Finishes = 0.50 KN/m
Total load, W = 10.20 KN/m
Ultimate load, Wu = 15.30 KN/m
Step 4: Ultimate Moment and Shear Force:-
i) Ultimate Moment (Mu) = Wu L2 /8
= (15.30x5.232) / 8
Mu = 52.31 KN.
ii) Ultimate Shear (Vu) = Wu L /2
= (15.30x 5.23)/2
Vu = 40 KN
Step 5: Limiting Moment of resistance :-
Mu,lim = 0.138 fck b d2
= 0.138 x 20 x 230 x 4202
= 112 KN.m
Since Mu < Mu,lim , Section is under-reinforceed.
Step 6: Reinforcement :-
Mu = 0.87fy Ast d [1- fyAst/fckbd]
Ast = 375mm2
Using 12mm diameter bars
No. of bars = Ast/ast
= 375/113.1
= 4 Nos
Provide 4 bars of 12mm diameter as tension reinforcement and
2 bars of 10mm diameter as hanger bars on compression side.
(Ast )provided = 452 mm2
Step 6: Check for Shear Stress :-
τv = Vu/bd
τv = 0.41 N/mm2
Pt = (100 Ast )/ bd
Pt = 0.47 N/mm2
Refer Table 19 of IS:456-2000 and read out the design shear
strength of concrete as
τc = 0.46 N/mm2
since, τc > τv
Provide nominal shear reinforcement using 8mm diameter two
legged stirrups
Spacing of Stirrups
Sv = (Asv x 0.87 x fy)/ 0.4 b
= (2 x 50.26 x 0.87 x 415)/ (0.4 x 230)
Sv = 394.5 mm
Sv > 0.75 d = 0.75 x 420 = 315 mm
Adopt spacing of stirrups as 300mm centre to centre.
Provide 8 mm diameter bars stirrups at 300mm c/c.
Step 7: Check for Deflection Control :-
(L/d)max = (L/d)basic x Kt x Kc
Pt = (100 Ast )/ bd
= (100 x 452)/(230 x 420)
= 0.47 N/mm2
Refer IS : 456-2000,
Refer Fig 4, Kt = 1.58
Refer Fig 5, Kc = 1.0
(L/d)max = (L/d)basic x Kt x Kc
= 20 x 1.58 x 1.0
= 31.6
(L/d)actual = 5230/420
= 12.45 < 31.6
Hence the limit state of deflection is satisfied.
Hence Deign Safe
Step 8: Reinforcement Details :-

ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN “mm”

Result:
Effective depth = 420mm
Overall depth = 470mm
Provide 4 no of 12mm diameters bar
Provide 2 legged stirrups with 8mm diameter bar @ spacing
300mm c/c distance.
 DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR COLUMNS
Step 1: Design Data :-
Axial load, P = 720.66 KN
Ultimate axial load, Pu = 1081 KN
Size of the column = 230mm X 450mm
Materials = M20 & Fe415
Step 2: Longitudinal Reinforcement:-
Pu = 0.4 fck Ag + (0.67 fy – 0.4 fck )Asc
Asc = 1050 mm2
Provide 4 Nos of 20mm diameter bars
(Asc =1256.63mm2), with 2 bars distributed on each face.
Step 3: Lateral ties :-
(i) Lateral ties diameter,
t = 1/4x Diameter of longitudinal bar
= 1/4 x 20
= 5.0 mm
Provide 8mm diameter bars in lateral ties
(ii) Lateral ties spacing

St =
Provide spacing of 230mm centres.
Provide 8mm diameter bars in lateral ties at 230mm
centres.
Step 3: Reinforcement Detail :-
Result :
Size of rectangular column = 230mm x 450mm
Provide 4 Nos 20 mm diameter bar
Provide lateral ties 8mm diameter at 230 mm c/c.
 AUTOCAD

LAYOUT
PLAN
ELEVATION
 CONCLUSION
 The design of Football stadium components such as
walls, slabs, beam, column, stair case are carried out
carefully to give an idea for preparing the detailed
planning and designing.
 All concrete members are designed as per IS codes
provisions.
REFERENCES
 Krishna Raju.N, "Design of Reinforced Concrete
Structures", CBS publishers& distributers, New Delhi
2003.
 B.C.Punmia, "Reinforced concrete Structures, Vol-I ",
Laxmi Publications pvt ltd., New Delhi.
 IS 456:2000 Indian Standard Plain and Reinforced
Concrete (Fourth Revision).
 IS 456-1978 Design aids for reinforced concrete.
THANK YOU