Protaper

Endodontic
System
Supervised by:
Dr-Ayad Al-Bayaty
BDS Msc. Conservative Dentistry

Dr-Heba Basim Dr-Muthanna Ibraheem

BDS Ali
BDS
 Protaper File
• It was introduced by D Cliff Ruddle, Dr
Johan West, Ben John and Dr Pierre.
• Protaper means progressively taper.
•NiTi
Tapering
• The progressively tapered design
improves flexibility,
Cutting efficiency and
the safety of these files .

• Change percentage of taper over the

length of cutting blades (unique feature ).
Cross-Section
• Convex triangular.
• Decreases friction between blades of file
and canal wall.
• Increasing its cutting efficiency.
Tip
•modified guiding tip.
• rounded, non-cutting, and parabolicshaped
tip.
Better follow the canal.
loose debris into
the intrablade flutes.
• Variable tip diameters of ProTaper file
allows it to have specific cutting action in
defines area of canal without stressing
instrument in other sections.
helical angle
Changing helical angle over its cutting
blades which
 reduces the instrument from screwing into
the canal and
 allows better removal of debris.
Active Motion
It acts in active motion.
increases its efficiency.
Reduces torsional strain.

Length of file handle

Reduced from 15 to 12.5 mm
Allows better access in posterior areas .
K-file
Benefits of design:
• Increased flexibility
• Each instrument produces its
own 'crown down effect' as larger
tapers make way for smaller
tapers.
• Protaper files engage a smaller
area of dentine reducing torsional
loads and file fatigue
 Nickel Titanium
55% nickel & 45% titanium
Advantages
• Shape memory
• Super elasticity
• Low modulus of elasticity
• Corrosion resistant
• Softer
• Good resiliency
• Biocompatibility.
Disadvantages
• Poor cutting efficiency.
• Do not show signs of fatigue before they
fracture.
• Poor resistance to fracture as compared to
stainless steel.
 Crown down technique
• Corono-apical technique
• Introduced recently and
gaining popularity.
• Starts with largest
instruments.
• Shapes coronal 1/3rd initially.
• Commonly uses rotary files.
Protaper Files
The ProTaper system
consists of just three
shaping and five finishing
files
Sx
• No identification ring on its gold or orange
colored handle.
• Shorter length of 19 mm.
• Do diameter is 0.19 mm.
• D14 diameter is 1.20 mm.
• There is increase in taper up to D9 and
then taper drops off up to D14 which
increases its flexibility.
• Use for shaping of the orifice.
S1

• Purple identification ring on its handle.

• Do diameter is 0.17 mm and D14 is 1.20
mm.
• Used to prepare coronal part of the root.
S2

• White identification ring on its handle.

• Do diameter is 0.20 mm.
• D14 is 1.20 mm.
• Used to prepare middle-third of the canal.
F1

• Yellow identification ring

• Do diameter and apical taper is 20 and
0.07.
Used to prepare apical third of the canal.
F2

• Red identification ring on handle

• Do diameter and taper is 25 and 0.08.
Used to prepare apical third of the canal.
F3

• Blue colored ring on handle

• D0 diameter and taper is 30 and 0.09.
• Used to prepare apical third of the canal.
F4

• Black colored ring on handle.

• D0 diameter is 0.40 .
• Taper is 6%.
• Used to prepare the apical one-third
of a canal.
www.endoruddle.co
m
F5

• double yellow colored ring on handle.

• D0 diameter is 0.50
• Taper is 5% .
• Used to prepare the apical one-third of a
canal.
www.endoruddle.co
m
D1
• Removes filling from coronal third
• 11 mm handle
• 16 mm cutting surface
• White ring for identification
• ISO 30, active tip for easier penetration of
obturation material
• 9% taper file.
D2
• Removes filling from middlethird.
• 11 mm handle
• 18 mm cutting blades
• Two white rings for identification
• ISO 25, nonactive rounded tip to follow
canal path
• 8% taper file.
D3
• Removes filling from apical third.
•11 mm handle
• 22 mm cutting blades
• Three white rings for identification
• ISO 20 nonactive rounded tip to follow
canal path
• 7% taper file.
 ProTaperfor Hand Use
Clinical Procedures

• Explore Canal w/ #10 hand

file
• Negotiate to #15 w/
hand file
ProTaperfor Hand Use
Clinical Procedures
• Explore Canal w/ #10 hand file

• Negotiate to #15 w/ hand file

• Coronal Flaring w/S1

Insert file with slight apical
Pressuer until resistance
½ turn clockwise
½ turn anticlockwise
Withdraw
Clean
• Explore Canal w/ #10 hand file
• Negotiate to #15 w/ hand file
• Coronal Flaring w/S1
• Coronal Flaring w/ SX
(optional) using same motion
May replace w/ GG Drill
• Explore Canal w/ #10 hand file
• Negotiate to #15 w/ hand file
• Coronal Flaring w/S1
• Coronal Flaring w/ SX
• Working Length Determination
• Explore Canal w/ #10 hand file
• Negotiate to #15 w/ hand file
• Coronal Flaring w/S1
• Coronal Flaring w/ SX
• Working LengthDetermination
• Coronal 1/3 Preparation w/ S1
again(up to full working length)
using same motion
• Explore Canal w/ #10 hand file
• Negotiate to #15 w/ hand file
• Coronal Flaring w/S1
• Coronal Flaring w/ SX
• Working LengthDetermination
• Coronal 1/3 Preparation w/ S1

Middle 1/3 Preparation w/

S2 (up to full working
length) using same motion
 • Explore Canal w/ #10 hand file
• Negotiate to #15 w/ hand file
• Coronal Flaring w/S1
• Coronal Flaring w/ SX
• Working LengthDetermination
• Coronal 1/3 Preparation w/ S1
• Middle 1/3 Preparation w/ S2

Apical 1/3 Preparation

w/ F1 & F2, using the
same motion
Gauge w/ #25 hand file
For larger canals, continue
apical prep w/ F3, using also the
same motion
Gauge w/ #30 hand file
Canal shape
Protaper Gold

• Increased flexibility
• Greater resistance to
cyclic fatigue
• Shorter handle11mm
Rotary system
• Protaper nickle-titaninm rotary files
substantially simplify root canal
preparation,particularly in curved and
restricted canals
Guidelines
• Frequently clean & inspect files
• Use only in well irrigated canals
• Never force instruments
• Determine exact working length
• Recommended speed is
150 to 350 rpm
Retretment
D1
• Removes filling from coronal third
• 11 mm handle
• 16 mm cutting surface
• White ring for identification
• ISO 30, active tip for easier penetration of
obturation material
• 9% taper file.
D2
• Removes filling from middle third.
• 11 mm handle
• 18 mm cutting blades
• Two white rings for identification
• ISO 25, nonactive rounded tip to follow
canal path
• 8% taper file.
D3
• Removes filling from apical third.
•11 mm handle
• 22 mm cutting blades
• Three white rings for identification
• ISO 20 nonactive rounded tip to follow
canal path
• 7% taper file.