Republic of the Philippines

POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

GLOBAL POPULATION AND MOBILITY

World population
In July 2018, the world population is 7,632,819,325. In 2010, there were only
6,958,169,159 people in the world. The present median age of the population is 29.9. Fertility
rate is 2.51. The number of people per kilometer is 76.
Population in the word is currently (2018) growing at a rate around 1.09% per year (down
from 1.12% in 2017 and 1.14% in 2016). The current average population increase is estimated at
83 million people per year.
Annual growth rate reached its peak in the late 1960s, when it was at around 2%. The rate
of increase has nearly halved since then, and will continue to decline in the coming years. It is
estimated to reach 1% by 2013, less than 0.5% by 2052, and 0.25% in 2076 (a yearly addition of
27 million people to a population of 10.7 billion). In 2100, it should be only 0.09%, or an
addition of only 10 million people to a total population of 11.2 billion.
The latest world population projections indicate that world population will reach 10
billion persons in the year 2055 and 11 billion in the year 2088.
The Philippines, with a very small land area compared to other countries is number 13
among the top 20 countries with largest population (live). Below is the top 20 countries with the
largest population (live).

TOP 20 LARGEST COUNTRIES BY POPULATION (LIVE)

1. China 1,413,579,732 11. Japan 127,264,447
2. India 1, 350,097,458 12. Ethiopia 106,846,213
3. U.S. A 326, 154,130 13. Philippines 106,087,606
4. Indonesia 266, 049,460 14.Egypt 98,889,786
5. Brazil 210,448,460 15. Vietnam 96,238,555
6. Pakistan 199,800,980 16. D.R Congo 83,290,647
7. Nigeria 194,541, 492 17. Germany 82,245,954
8. Bangladesh 165,916,341 18. Iran 81,786,052
9. Russia 143,971,341 19. Turkey 81,604,890
10. Mexico 130,334,558 20. Thailand 69,144,569

View Population Forecast (2020-2050)

View population projections for all years 9up to 2100
Year Population Yearly Yearly Median Fertility Density Urban Urban

“THE COUNTRY’S 1st POLYTECHNICU”

 Republic of the Philippines
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

(July % Change Age Rate (P/Km2) Pop. % population

1) Change
2020
2025
2030
2035
2040
2045
2050

World Population by Region

# Region

World population will therefore continue to grow in the 21st century, but at a much
slower rate compared to the recent past. World population has double (100% increase) in 40
years from 1959 (3 billion) to 1999 (6 billion). It is now estimated that it will take another nearly
40 years to increase by another 50% to become 9 billion by 2037.

Global Mobility
Global migration is the flow or movement of people from one place to another around the
world. The main purpose of migration is to find work or employment.

Trends in Global Mobility

The IOM’s Global Migration Trends Factsheets presents a snapshot of the major
migration trends worldwide for the year 2015 based on statistics from a variety of sources.
Considering the state of migration globally in 2015, the following facts stand out:
In 2015, the number of international migrants worldwide – people residing in a country
other than their country of birth – was the highest ever recorded, having reached 224 million
(from 232 million in 2013). As a share of the world population, however, international migration
has remained fairly constant over the past decades, as around 3%. While female migrants

“THE COUNTRY’S 1st POLYTECHNICU”

 Republic of the Philippines
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

constitute only 48% of the international migrants stocks worldwide, and 42% in Asia, women
make up the majority of international migrants in Europe (52.4%) and North America (51.2%).
South – South migration flows (across developing countries) continued to grow
compared to South – North movement (from developing to developed countries); in 2015, 90.2
million international migrants born in developing countries resided in other countries in the
Global South, while 85.3 million born in the South resided in countries in the Global north.
Germany became the second most popular destination for international migrants globally
( in absolute numbers ), following the United States and preceding the Russian Federation with
an estimated 12 million foreign - born residing in the country in 2015 ( against 46.6 million in
the U.S. and 11.9 million in the Russian Federation ). As a proposition of the host country’s
population, however, numbers of international migrants continue to be highest in Gulf
Cooperation Council countries: the foreign – born population makes up 88.4% of the total
population in the United Arab Emirates, 75.7% in Qatar and 73.6% in Kuwait.
Close to 1 in 5 migrants in the world live in the top 20 largest cities, according to IOM’s
World Migration Report 2015. International migrants make up over a third of the total
population in cities like Sydney, Auckland, Singapore and London, and at least one in four
residents in Amsterdam, Frankfurt and Paris in foreign – born.
The year 2015 saw the highest levels of forced displacement globally recorded since
World War II, with a dramatic increase in the number of refugees, asylum – seekers and
internally displaced people across various regions of the world – from Africa to the Middle East
and South Asia. The world hosted 15.1 million refugees be mid – 2015. This is a 45% increase
compared to three and a half years ago, largely due to continued conflict in the Syrian Arab
Republic, now well into its 5th year. Some 8.6 million persons were newly displaced in 2015
alone.
In 2015, Germany also became the largest single recipient of first – time individual
asylum claims globally, with almost 442,000 applications lodged in the country by the end of the
year. The number of asylum claims worldwide almost doubled between the end of 2014 to
almost 1 million by the end of June 2015. This figure continued to increase, rising to about 3.2
million pending asylum applications globally by the end of 2015.
By the end of 2015, the EU as a whole received over 1.2 million first – time asylum
claims, more than double the number registered in 2014 ( 563,000 ), and almost double the levels
recorded in 1992 in the 15 Member States ( 672,000 applications ). The increase in 2015 is
largely due to higher numbers of asylum claims from Syrians, Afghans and Iraqis ).
Almost 1 in 3 first – time asylum applicants in the UE were minors, a 9% increase
compared to 2014 levels; also, 1 in 4 of these were judge to be unaccompanied by national
authorities – the highest number since 2008 and a three – fold increase on numbers registered in
2014.
Still, the vast majority of refugees continue to be hosted by developing countries,
particularly those that are proximate to the refugees’ countries of origin: for instance, the bulk of

“THE COUNTRY’S 1st POLYTECHNICU”

 Republic of the Philippines
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

Syrian refugee population is hosted by Turkey ( 2.2 million ), Lebanon ( 1.2 million ) and Jordan
( almost 630,000 ), according to figures recorded in December 2015.
Also, most forced displacement globally still occurs within countries’ borders, with an
estimated 38 million people internally displaced by conflict and violence at the end of 2014 –
from Iraq to South Sudan , from Syria to the Democratic Republic of Congo and Nigeria.
The year 2015 was also the deadliest year for migrants increase levels of forced
displacement globally were tragically accompanied by record – high numbers of people
perishing or going missing while trying to cross international borders. Over 5,400 migrants
worldwide are estimated to have died or gone missing in 2015. According to IOM’s Missing
Migrants project, migrants fatalities during migrations to Europe increased by 15% compared to
the previous year, reaching at least 3,770.
From 2014 to 2015, a major and sudden shift in routes to irregular migrations by sea to
Europe occurred – with about 853,000 arriving to Greece compared to almost 154,000 to Itally,
as opposed to about 34,400 and 170,100 respectively in 2014.
In 2015, the number of voluntary returns of migrants ( e.g failed asylum – seekers , and
other groups ) from EU countries was for the first time higher than the number of forced returns (
81,681 against 72,473 ). Moreover, the number of IOM – assisted voluntary returns from EU
Member States, Norway and Switzerland in 2015 reached a figure of almost 56,000.
New estimates for the number if migrant workers globally show that the large majority of
international migrants in the world are migrant workers. Migrants have higher labor force
participation than non – migrants particularly due to higher labor force participation rates for
migrant women relative to non – migrant women.
Remittances continue to climb globally while remittance – sending costs remain
relatively high. The sum of financial remittances sent by international migrants back to their
families in origin countries amounted to an estimated $581 billion in 2015 – over three – quarters
of which were sent to low and middle – income economies. In Tajiskistan remittances
constituted over 40% of the country’s GDP. However, average remittances transfer costs were
still at 7.5% of the amount sent in the third quarter of 2015, higher than the 3% minimum target
set in the Sustainable Development Goals to be met by 2030. Remittances transfer costs are
particularly high in Sub – Saharan Africa –that standing at 9.5% on average.
Finally, public opinion towards migration globally is more favorable than commonly
perceived – with the notable exception of Europe, according to an IOM – Gallup report.

Factors Influencing Migration and Population Movements

 Socio – political, economic and ecological factors are the main forces driving migrations.
 Rising communal violence world – wide, often as a result of ethnic or religious
intolerance, has led to increased levels of migrations

“THE COUNTRY’S 1st POLYTECHNICU”

 Republic of the Philippines
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

 Economic disparity between developing and developed economies encourages the

movement of skilled labor from the former to the latter. Temporary migration visas allow
for an increase in the rate of circular migration.
 Changes in the ecological environment have the potential to worse food and water
insecurity in various parts of the globe. Limited access to food and water resources may
push people to migrate to countries where these resources are more readily available.
Fertility, mortality, and migration all influence the size of a society’s population. Poorer
countries tend to grow almost completely from internal causes ( for example, high birth rates due
to the absence of reliable contraception ), while richer countries tend to grow from both internal
causes and migrations. Demographers determine a population’s natural growth rate by
subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate. The world’s low – growth nations tend
to be more industrialized, such as the United States and Europe. The high – growth countries
tend to be less industrialized, such as Africa and Latin America.
The Global Mobility: A Win – Win for and Your Employee
Companies need a global workforce and global mobility, now more than ever. They are
sending an increasing number of people abroad, in a wider variety of roles, for many reasons: to
prepare for and respond to opportunities in global production; to promote research, development,
and innovation; and to improve customer sales, and growth. At the same time, global market
uncertainty is putting companies under tremendous cost pressure. That makes it imperative for
leaders to carefully manage their global mobility investments – and to nature an appropriate
return on them.
No company wants to send talent around the globe without purpose. But for those
organizations that do have multinational operations, increasing for availability of international
assignments can help draw talent to the organization and secure the talent already in place – all
while providing individuals with new skills, opportunities for international travel, new
challenges and the experience needed to progress their careers business growth – making it a win
for both parties.
The trend is riding a global wave BRIC ( Brazil, Russia, India, and China ) countries,
the UAE and Qatar, are emerging as talent hot spots, driven by shifting economic growth. By
2023, the Gross Domestic Product of Shanghai and Beijing will be larger than Los Angeles and
London, yet global companies operating in China already find it difficult to find and retain talent.
A global city, also called world city or sometimes alpha city or world center, is a city
generally considered to be an important mode in the global economic system. The concept comes
from geography and urban studies, and the idea that globalization can be understood as largely
created, facilitated, and enacted in strategic geographic locales according to a hierarchy of
importance to the operation of the global system of finance and trade.
The most complex of these entities is the “global city” , whereby the linkages binding a
city have a direct and tangible effect on global affairs through socio – economic means. The use
of “global city”, as opposed to “megacity”, was popularized by sociologist Saskia Sassen in her

“THE COUNTRY’S 1st POLYTECHNICU”

 Republic of the Philippines
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

1991 work, The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo; although the term “world city”, which
refers to cities involved with large amount of global business, dates to a least the May 1886
description of Liverpool, by the Illustrated London News. Patrick Gedddes also used the term
“word city” later in 1915. More recently, the term has been described as being synonymous with
a city’s influence and “financial capital”, with other factors becoming less relevance.

Characteristics
Although what constitutes a world city is still subject to debate; standard characteristics
of world cities are:

 A variety of international financial services, notably in finance, insurance, real estate,

banking, accountancy, and marketing
 Headquarters of several multinational corporations
 The existence of financial headquarters, a stock exchange, and major financial
institutions
 Domination of the trade and economy of a large surrounding area
 Major manufacturing centers with port and container facilities
 Considerable decision – making power on a daily and at a global level
 Centers of new ideas and innovation in business, economics, culture, and politics
 Centers of media and communication for global networks
 Dominance of the national region with great international significance
 High percentage of residents employed in the services sector and information sector
 High – quality education institutions, including renowned universities, international
student attendance, and research facilities
 Multi – functional infrastructure offering some of the best legal, medical, and
entertainment facilities in the country
 Typically, highly diverse in terms of language, culture, religion, and ideologies.

According to Greig Charmock, a global city is an urban center that enjoys significant
advantages and that serves as a hub within a globalized economic system. The terms have its
origins in research on cities carried out during the 1980s, which examined the common
characteristics of the world’s most important cities. However, with increased attention being paid
to processes of globalization during subsequent years, these world cities came to be known as
global cities. Linked with globalization was the idea of spatial reorganization and hypothesis that
cities were becoming key loci within global networks of productions of the global city thesis,

“THE COUNTRY’S 1st POLYTECHNICU”

 Republic of the Philippines
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

then, such cities are seen as the building blocks of globalization. Simultaneously, these cities
were becoming newly privileged sites of local politics within the context of a broader project to
reconfigures state institutions.

“THE COUNTRY’S 1st POLYTECHNICU”