1579 2969 1 SM PDF
1579 2969 1 SM PDF
ISSN: 2087-2879
DISCHARGE PLANNING DALAM KEPERAWATAN
Discharge Planning in Nursing; A Literature Review
Devi Darliana
Bagian Keilmuan Keperawatan Medikal Bedah PSIK-FK Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh
Medical Surgical Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine,
Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh
E-mail: devi.darliana@yahoo.co.id
ABSTRAK
Pelaksanaan discharge planning pada pasien di rumah sakit umumnya hanya berupa catatan resume pasien
pulang serta pemberian informasi singkat mengenai jadwal kontrol pasien ke poliklinik, obat-obatan yang
harus di minum, serta diet yang harus dipenuhi dan dihindari setelah pasien pulang dari rumah sakit. Hal ini
menyebabkan pelaksaan discharge planning tidak efektif dan tidak terjadi kontinuitas perawatan ketika
pasien di rumah. Kondisi ini dapat menyebabkan pasien kembali ke rumah sakit dengan penyakit yang sama
ataupun munculnya komplikasi penyakit yang lebih berat. Adapun Metode penulisan artikel ini berupa
tinjauan kepustakaan dari berbagai topik yang sesuai. Discharge planning bertujuan untuk memperpendek
jumlah hari rawatan, mencegah risiko kekambuhan, meningkatkan perkembangan kondisi kesehatan pasien
dan menurunkan beban perawatan pada keluarga. Oleh karena itu diharapkan kepada perawat untuk
melaksanakan semua proses pelaksanaan discharge planning secara komprehensif mulai dari seleksi pasien,
pengkajian, intervensi, hingga implementasi dan evaluasi. Selain itu, perawat juga perlu menerapkan strategi
4C yaitu Communication, Coordination, Collaboration dan Continual Reassesment untuk menjamin
terjadinya kontinuitas perawatan pasien di rumah.
ABSTRACT
Implementation of discharge planning for patients in hospitals are only a resume record of patient discharge
and a brief information related to follow up schedule to the poly-clinic, the drugs that should be drink, and
dietary management after discharging from the hospital. This led to the implementation of discharge
planning less effective and there is no continuity of care when the patient is at home. This condition can
cause the patient relapse and it will return to the hospital with the same case or more severe complications of
the disease. The method of writing this article is a review of literature from a variety of topics as
appropriate. Discharge planning aims to shorten the number of days of care, to prevent the risk of
recurrence, improve the development of the health of patients and reduce the burden of care on families.
Therefore, nurses expected to carry out all discharge planning process comprehensively starting from patient
selection, assessment, intervention, implementation and evaluation. In addition, nurses also need to
implement 4C strategies including, Communication, Coordination, Collaboration and Continual
Reassessment in order to ensure continuity of patient care at home.
32
Idea Nursing Journal Vol. III No. 2 2012
33
Idea Nursing Journal Devi Darliana
34
Idea Nursing Journal Vol. III No. 2 2012
35
Idea Nursing Journal Devi Darliana
36
Idea Nursing Journal Vol. III No. 2 2012
37
Idea Nursing Journal Devi Darliana
38
Idea Nursing Journal Vol. III No. 2 2012
39
Idea Nursing Journal Devi Darliana
40
Idea Nursing Journal Vol. III No. 2 2012
Potter, P. A., & Perry, A. G. (2006). Slevin, A., P., (1996). A Model for
Fundamentals of nursing; konsep, Discharge Planning in Nursing
proses dan praktik, 4 th ed.USA: Education. Bradley University :
Elsevier Mosby. Lawrence Erlbaum Association. Inc.
Journal of Community Health
Rankin, S., & Stallings, K., (2001). Patient Nursing. Di kutip tanggal 1 Februari
Education. Principles and Practice. 4 2010, dari www.jstor.org/view
thedition. Philadelphia : Lippincott
Wilkams and Wilkins. Spath, P., (2003). Is your discharge planning
effective ?. By Brown-Spath &
Saposnik, et al., (2005), Optimizing Associates Di kutip tanggal 2 Januari
discharge planning : Clinical 2010, dari
predictors of longer stay after http://www.brownspath.com.
recombinant tissue plasminogen
activator for acute stroke. Di kutip Straten, A., et al., (1997). Lenght of Hospital
tanggal 5 Oktober 2011, dari Stay and Discharge Delays in Stroke
http://stroke.ahajournals.org, Patients. Di kutip tanggal 18
Desember 2010, dari
Shepperd, S., et al., (2004). Discharge http://stroke.ahajournals.org
planning from hospital to home: Zwicker, D., & Picariello, G., (2003)
review. Di kutip tanggal 27 Discharge planning for the older adult. Di
Desember 2011, dari kutip tanggal 14 Februari 2010, dari
http://www.thecochranelibrary.com
http://www.guideline.gov
41