Prepared By
Eng : AMJED OSMAN ELSAYED MOHAMED
E‐mail: bashab888@yahoo.com
INTRODUCTION
design of the electrical installation in building used to be
simple and straight forward . Such installations generally
included electrical service from an electricity board company ,
power distribution within the building for sockets (receptacles ),
air conditioniong and other electrical loads , lighting and few
specialty system such as fire alram and telephone .
Power Station
High Voltage
Generation Distribution
Primary Secondary
Transmission Transmission
1 2 3 4
Delta/Star
transformer
Line 1(A)
Line 2(B)
Three phase, high
voltage distribution Line 3(C)
Neutral
Three phase four wire distribution
Three Phase low voltage 230/400V
Phase system:
There are 3 types of phase system :
1. One ø system or 1 phase system
2. Tow ø system or 2 phase system
3.Three ø system or 3 phase system
5A
10 A
15 A
20 A
25 A
30A or 32 A
Note
In Gulf we used 10 A switch for light only
In Gulf we used 20 A switch for W/H – W/M etc
Intermediate switch
2.Double or twin S/O outlet : The back box has two s/o , the
back box size is used 6×3
1. Copper (cu)
2. Aluminum (al)
2. Armoured cable
a) SWA (Steel Wire Armour )
b) AWA (Aluminum Wire Armour)
c) SSA (Steel Strip Armour )
d) ASA (Aluminum Strip Armour)
1 → run
4c→ core
10mm²→size
XLPE → insulation
SWA→ armour
PVC→ sheath
Cu → conductor material
0.6/1kv → M.V /L.V grade
Earth
1 → run
1c→ core
10mm²→ size
PVC → insulation
PVC→ sheath
Cu → conductor material
Y/G → Earth
Short circuit
Over voltage
Under voltage
50 A to 600 A MCCB
(Modulate Case circuit breaker )
2. 10KA
3. 16KA
4. 25KA
5. 35KA
6. 50KA
6. SF6
B curve MCB
C curve MCB
D curve MCB
Rating 50 to 600A
Types of MCCB
1. Adjustable MCCB
here we can set the tripping value normally
NEC (KSA)
RCBO
Residual CB with over current
protection (over load & S.C)
Note
RCCB or RCBO protects from all 3 faults (over load , S.C and earth
fault)Since this technology is now they are very less used
Material of conduit
PVC
Metallic
Note
PVC conduits are used as connected conduit inside the wall , slabs ,
and floor screed.
GI/GS or RGI/RGS are used as exposed conduits or the wall , or slab
in India and B.S countries (Qatar , UAE ,Oman)
EMT conduits are used as exposed conduits on the wall or slab in
KSA
Bends : In gulf countries bends are made
at site in the same coduit using PVC bending
Types of JB circular JB
One way two way through two way angle
Conduiting in slab
Materials' :
1. PVC cable trunking
2. Metallic cable trunking
2. Split A/C
2. Drainage system
DG (Disel Generator )
or stand by generator
1. Voltmeter
2. Ammeter
3. Energy meter or Kwh meter
4. P.F meter
5. Frequency
6. Phase indicators
7. Multi meter
2.Fluorescent lamps
a) CFL (compact Fluorescent lamps)
b)tube
6.Halogen lamps
Bedroom = 50 lux = 5 FC
Hall = 150 lux = 15 FC
Kitchen = 300 lux = 30 FC
Bathroom =100 lux = 10 FC
Coefficient of utilization (Cu):
The Cu depends on the reflection factors of ceiling wall
and floor colors . also it depends on the work plane height
Note:
for manual calculation consider cu = 45%
Eng : Amjed Osman Building Electrical Design
Lamp lumen factor (LLF)
Lamp lumen factor (LLF) or lumen loss factor(LLF)
or maintenance factor (MF):
Ex : tube light (40 w)
Today → 2450 lumens
After 3 years→ less than 2450 lumens
The LLF depends on cleaning of luminaire
Note
For manual calculation for 3 years maintence consider
LLF= 0.67
Cu = .45
LLF = 0.67