Assignment

EVS

Name: Samrudhi .R.Mankar STD:FYBCA

Q1) Differentiate between renewable and non renewable resources.
S.No Renewable resources Non-renewable resources
It can be used again and again throughout It cannot be used again and again but
1. its life. one day it will be exhausted.
These are the energy resources which They are the energy resources which
2. cannot be exhausted. can be exhausted one day.
It has low carbon emission and hence It has high carbon emission and hence
3. environment friendly. not environment friendly.
It is present in limited quantity and
4. It is present in unlimited quantity. vanishes one day
5. Cost is low. Cost is high.
Renewable energy resources are pollution The non-renewable energy resources
6. free. are not pollution free.
Life of resources is finite and vanishes
7. Life of resources is infinite. one day.
It has low maintenance cost as
compared with the renewable energy
8. It has high maintenance cost. resources.
Large land area is required for the Less land area is required for its power
9. installation of its power plant. plant binstallation.

Solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy etc Coal, petroleum, natural gases are the
10. are the examples of renewable resources. examples of non-renewable resources
Q2) Define environment. Explain the multidisciplinary nature of
Environmental Science .
Environment:
The physical and biological factors along with their chemical interactions that affect an
organism or a group of organisms is called environment. It is also defined as the
surroundings of a physical system that may interact with the system by exchanging mass,
energy, or other properties.
The multidisciplinary nature of Environmental Science :
The multidisciplinary nature of Environmental Science is imbibed in its definition that it is
the study of the interaction of physical,chemical and biological components of human
surroundings. To put it straight any action taken by human and its effect on the
surrounding and vice versa comes under the purview of Environmental Science. Lemme
give an example, air pollution is a grave issue threatening the existence of life on Earth.

Q3) Explain mineral resources its uses and exploitation .

Mineral resources :
A mineral is a pure inorganic substance that occurs naturally in the earth’s crust. All of the
Earth’s crust, except the rather small proportion of the crust that contains organic
material, is made up of minerals. Some minerals consist of a single element such as gold,
silver, diamond (carbon), and sulphur.
Uses of Mineral :
The use of minerals varies greatly between countries. The greatest use of minerals occurs
in developed countries. Like other natural resources, mineral deposits are unevenly
distributed around on the earth. Some countries are rich in mineral deposits and other
countries have no deposits. The use of the mineral depends on its properties. For example
aluminum is light but strong and durable so it is used for aircraft, shipping and car
industries.
Exploitation of Mineral :
This will pose problems in that industrialized nations are already feeling a loss in their
standard of living and in non-industrialized nations that feel they have a right to achieve
higher standards of living created by industrialization. The population growth continues
upward and the supply of resources continues to diminish. With the increasing shortages
of many minerals, we have been driven to search for new sources.
Human wealth basically comes from agriculture, manufacturing, and mineral resources.
Our complex modern society is built around the exploitation and use of mineral resources.
Since the future of humanity depends on mineral resources, we must understand that
these resources have limits; our known supply of minerals will be used up early in the third
millennium of our calendar.
Q4) Explain dams and their effect on Forest and People.

Dams :
A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of water or underground
streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for
activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use, aquaculture,
and navigability. Hydropower is often used in conjunction with dams to generate
electricity. A dam can also be used to collect water or for storage of water which can be
evenly distributed between locations.

Effect on Forest and People :

In far too many cases, dam-building has resulted in widespread human rights violations. As
most of us would, local peoples have persistently resisted the destruction of their
homelands and their forced “resettlement.” As a result, they have had to face different
types of repression, ranging from physical and legal threats to mass murders.

But resistance, consciousness and solidarity have grown. Local people have increasingly
been able to organize themselves and to establish local, national and international
alliances with other concerned organizations.

Major examples are the Narmada Bachao Andolan movement in India, the Bio Bio Action
Group in Chile, the Coalition of Concerned NGOs on Bakun in Malaysia, the People Af-
fected by Dams movement in Brazil among many others. It has now become possible to
stop large hydro dams. They are definitely not a symbol of development but one of
economic and political power resulting in social and environmental degradation.

However, the dams’ effects have included much more than forest loss and the major
environmental changes have impacted on local people, at both the dam site and in the
entire river basin. Not only are the best agricultural soils flooded by the reservoir, but
major changes occur in the environment, where the river’s flora and fauna begins to
disappear, with strong impacts on people dependent on those resources.
Q5) Discuss water use and over – exploitation .
Uses of Water :

 Agriculture
 As a scientific standard
 For drinking
 Washing
 Transportation
 Chemical uses
 Heat exchange
 Fire considerations
 Recreation
 Water industry
 Industrial applications
 Food processing
 Medical use
Over – exploitation of water :
\Surface water is mainly misuse, due to which its quality and quantity both degrades. Since
lakes, ponds, rivers, sea are used for dumping industrial and sewage wastes, dead bodies,
solid wastes etc. hence their quality degrades, which give rise to many environmental,
ecological and health problems.