Copyright © 1997 by the University of Texas Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America ‘Third paperback printing, 2003 Requests for permission to reproduce material from this work should be sent to Permissions, University of Texas Press, Box 7819, Austin, TX 78713-7819. @The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANS! 23948-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Voeks, Robert A., 1950— Sacred leaves of Candomble: African magic, medicine, and religion in Brazil / Robert A.Voeks. — ist ed. Poem. Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. ISBN 0-292-78731-6 (pbk. : alk. paper) x. Candomble (Cult) 2. Plants—Religious aspects—Candomble (Cult} 3. Medicine, magic, mystic, and spagiric—Brazil—Babia (State] 1. Title. BL2592.C35.V64 1997 299'.673—de2196-51297CONTENTS Note on Orthography xi Preface xiii 1 Introduction 1 2 The Bahian Landscape 7 3 Indians and Africans 33 4 Religion of the Orixas 51 5 Candomblé Medicine 69 6 Medicinal Plant Classification 115 7 The Candomblé Flora 133 8 African Religion in the Americas 147 Appendix 1 Candomblé Species List 170 Appendix 2 House Abé for Three Candomblé Terreiros 193 Notes 195 Glossary 2 References Cited 215 General Index 229 Index of Scientific Names 233