e.g. a boy e.g.

an egg
a one-way an old car
road
an hour
a European
an MTR train
a uniform

- No se usa cuando nos referimos a Iglesias, escuelas, prisiones, hospitales y otros lugares
públicos de reunión en cuanto a su uso genérico como tal.
She goes to school / Ella va a la escuela (es una colegiala)
He is in hospital / Él está en el hospital (ingresado)

- No se usa con los meses, estaciones del año, semanas, años, etc cuando tomamos como
referencia el tiempo actual y con los días de la semana y horas
He came in July / El vino en julio
She came in spring / Ella vino en primavera
On Saturday / El sábado
At half past five / A las cinco y media

- el artículo determinado no se usa cuando nos referimos a personas. (Suele emplearse el

tratamiento como precedente).
Mr Epi / el Sr. Epi
King Arthur / el Rey Arturo
Lord Craig / el Lord Craig
- Cuando nos referimos a países u otros términos geográficos con nombres propios.
England / Inglaterra Sesamo Street / Calle Sesamo New York / Nueva York

Fill in the gaps with a - an.

cake ostrich airplane cat

watch pencil alligator snake

apple egg snowman elephant

shoe icecream train sheep

yacht bird owl ant

 yarnbug car brush bear

1. Complete the text below using either a, an or the .

Today is ________ very important day; it's my birthday! I have sent ________
invitations, _________ birthday cake is on _________ table and I am getting ready.
I choose _________ dress to wear and then put on my shoes. It's _________ beautiful
day, _________ sun is shining and there's not _________ cloud in _________ sky.
I can't wait for everyone to arrive. In less than _________ hour, the party will begin.
I look out _________ window and see _________ girl, but she's not one of my friends.
Where is everyone? I hope they are all coming. _________ doorbell rings, I open
_________ door but see only _________ present wrapped in pink paper with
_________ orange bow…
 Be - Present Tense
The verb "be" is the most important verb to learn in English. It's also the most
complicated. In the present tense it has three forms: am, is, are. In the past tense, it has
two forms: was and were. The verb "be" is also used to make the passive voice.

Subject + verb
Singular Plural

I am We are
You are You are
He is
She is They are
It is
write it out in your notebook by hand

Subjects: I, you, he, she, it, we, and they… "You" is singular or plural.
After the subject, the verb "be" changes to am, is, or are.
 Listen and write it out in your notebook by hand

I am a teacher

You are a student.

He is a man.

She is a woman.

It is an apple.

We arepeople
 You arestudents.

They areworkers.

Lesson Two.
To make the verb “Be” Negative, add the word “Not”.

Subject + (be) + not

Singular Plural

I am not We are not

You are not You are not
 He is not
She is not They are not
It is not

Listen and write in your notebook.

I am not a student. I'm a teacher.

You are not a teacher. You are a student.

He is not outside. He's inside.

She is notangry.She's happy.

 It is not a chair. It's an apple.

We are not students. We are a family.

You are not a family. You are students.

They are not students. They are workers.

Listen and write it out in your notebook by hand contractions:

.

The nonstandard form of the verb "be" in English is ain't. I don't recommend the use of
"ain't," but you will hear it used among native speakers.
 Lesson Three
Be - Present Tense Questions. Yes-No Questions: (Be) + Subject + ____?

Listen and write it out in your notebook by hand

Am I a teacher? (Yes, you are.)

Are you a student? (Yes, I am.)

Is he a student? (Yes, he is.)

Is she a student? (Yes, she is.)

Is this a house? (Yes, it is.)

Are we in class? (Yes, you are. )

or

(Yes, we are.)
 Are you busy?

(Yes, we are.)

Are they happy?

(Yes, they are.)

Write some Yes/No questions on the board. Complete with Am – Is – Are

Quiz: Making questions with the verb "be" in the present tense
. Part C.

ions: Complete each question with the verb "be" in the Directions: Complete each sentence with the verb "be" a
nt tense (am, is, or are). (10 points) correct pronoun. (10 points)

_______ you a student? 1. __________ __________ at work today? (a woman)

_______ the test today? 2. __________ __________ outside? (children)

_______ the students in the classroom? 3. __________ __________ online? (first person, singul

_______ I early? 4. __________ __________ hot outside? (the weather)

_______ this a good book? 5. __________ __________ on the phone? (a man)

_______ your hands clean? 6. __________ ___________ ready? (first person, plural

_______ Bina at work today? 7. __________ __________ any fun? (a game)

_______ we on time? 8. __________ __________ charged yet? (batteries)

_______ you tired? 9. __________ ___________ any good? (a salad)

________ that clock right? 10. __________ ___________ angry at me? (a person I

. Part D.

ions: Complete each question with the verb "be" in the Directions: Make a question with the verb "be" in the pr
nt tense (am, is, or are) after the question word. (10 tense Use the picture to the right for ideas. (10 points)
)

ere ___________ I? 1. ________________________________________?

en ___________ the movie on?

y ____________ you here?

2. ________________________________________?
w ___________ you?

at __________ it?
3. ________________________________________?
o ___________ that?
at time __________ it?
4. ________________________________________?
w many books ___________ on the shelf?

w much ___________ the ticket?

5. ________________________________________?
ow cold ___________ the drinks?
 Complete the sentences with the correct Wh-word .

1. are you excited? because I have birthday today.

2. are you today ? I’m fine ,thank you.

3. is your coat ? in the bedroom

4. is she at the moment? at home

5. is your birthday ? in September

6. is Mr. Bean ? 55 years old

7. is that woman? She is our sport teacher.

8. are they working? in the book shop

9. apples do you have ? three apples

10. are the children? in the swimming pool

 11. is Rita doing ? She is watching TV now.

12. does your car cost ? 2.000 $ dollars

13. time is it ? It’s nine o’clock.

14. are the kids sad? because they don’t go to the

cinema.

15. is the party? at 5 o’clock

16. friends do you have? I have two good friends.

17. do they go to school? by bus

18. do you eat lunch? in the afternoon

19. is on the desk? a new notebook

20. is in the kitchen? my little brother

Match the questions to the answers.

1. Where is your house? a. because I'm sick.

2. How are you? b. spaghetti.

3. When is the school party? c. on Herzl Street.

4. Why are you home today? d. I'm great,thank

you.

5. Who is your best friend? e. Anna

6. What is your favorite f. on July 15th

food?

La pronunciación de los verbos regulares en pasado

Los verbos regulares en pasado en inglés siempre terminan en -ed. Hay
tres posibles pronunciaciones de este sufijo según la letra que viene
justo antes de -ed.

Grupo 1: Como id en hid

Para el primer grupo de verbos, el sufijo -ed se pronuncia como id en la
palabra hid . Es muy fácil identificar los verbos en este grupo porque la letra que
viene justo antes del sufijo -ed siempre es una d o una t .

Veamos algunos ejemplos de los verbos en este grupo. Toma en cuenta que para
la pronunciación dada en la tercera columna, la sílaba escrita en mayúsculas es
la que se enfatiza más.

Verbos que terminan en ted

Forma básica Forma en pasado Pronunciación

want wanted WAHN-tid

visit visited VIH-sih-tid

start started STAR-tid

hate hated HEY-tid

rent rented REHN-tid

arrest arrested uh-REHS-tid

 accept accepted ek-SEHP-tid

eliminate eliminated ee-LIHM-ih-ney-tid

repeat repeated ree-PEE-tid

create created cree-EY-tid

debate debated dee-BEY-tid

paint painted PEYN-tid

note noted NO-tid

vote voted VO-tid

rate rated REY-tid

Algunos verbos de los tres grupos sufren cambios ortográficos al añadirles el

sufijo -ed a la forma básica.
Verbos que terminan en ded

Forma básica Forma en pasado Pronunciación

need needed NEE-did

decide decided dee-SIY-did

add added AH-did

provide provided pro-VIY-did

crowd crowded KROW-did

end ended EHN-did

fold folded FOL-did

La forma en pasado de los verbos del Grupo 1 siempre tiene dos o más sílabas.
Esto se debe al hecho de que, para los verbos de este grupo, las
terminaciones tedy ded siempre caen dentro de su propia sílaba.

Grupo 2: Como la t en cat

Para el segundo grupo de verbos, el sufijo -ed se pronuncia como la t en la
palabra cat . Pero, ¿por qué? Porque la última letra antes de -ed en los verbos de
este grupo produce un sonido sordo, un sonido en el que no vibran las cuerdas
vocales.

Sonidos sordos:-Ciertas letras y ciertos grupos de letras en inglés tienden a

producir un sonido sordo, que se escucha un poco como el siseo de un gato.
Algunas de estas letras y combinaciones son: c , k , p , ch , ck , gh (como
en rough ), sh y ss . Veamos algunos ejemplos de los verbos en este grupo.

Forma básica Forma en pasado Pronunciación

place placed PLEYST

like liked LIYKT

walk walked WAHKT

talk talked TAHKT

park parked PARKT

help helped HELPT

watch watched WAHCHT

pack packed PAKT

laugh laughed LAFT

wash washed WASHT

push pushed PUSHT

cash cashed CASHT

pass passed PAST

miss missed MIHST

Como se ve en la tabla anterior, muchas de las formas en pasado de los verbos en
este grupo tienen una sola sílaba. La palabra walked , por ejemplo, se pronuncia
como WAHKT (una sílaba), y nunca como WAHK-id (dos sílabas).

Grupo 3: Como la d en bed

Para el tercer y último grupo de verbos, el sufijo -ed se pronuncia como la d en la
palabra bed . Esto es porque la última letra antes de -ed en los verbos de este
grupo produce un sonido sonoro, un sonido en el que sí vibran las cuerdas
vocales.

Sonidos sonoros
Ciertas letras y ciertos grupos de letras en inglés tienden a producir un sonido
sonoro, que se escucha un poco como el motor de una moto o como el zumbido
de una abeja. Algunas de estas letras y combinaciones
son: b , g , i , l , m , n , r , v , y , z y gh (como en sigh ).

Forma básica Forma en pasado Pronunciación

rob robbed RAHBD

hug hugged HUGD

cry cried CRAYD

die died DAYD

play played PLEYD

scream screamed SCREEMD

loan loaned LOND

roar roared RORD

save saved SEYVD

daze dazed DEYZD

sigh sighed SAYD

Como se ve en la tabla anterior, muchas de las formas en pasado de los verbos en

este grupo tienen una sola sílaba, igual que los verbos en el segundo grupo. La
palabra played , por ejemplo, se pronuncia PLEYD (una sílaba), y nunca PLEY-
id (dos sílabas).