Project Report

Project

LED Flashing using 555 timer IC

Objectives:

LED stands for Light Emitting Diode.

This project is designed as an introduction to soldering, identifying common components, using
the resistor color code and placing components correctly on strip board.

Working Principle:

555 timer IC is used to create time difference in various applications. The Blinking LED circuit
uses a 555 timer in astable mode, which generates a continuous output in the form of a square
wave at pin 3. This waveform will turn LED ON and OFF. The duration of ON/ OFF depends on
the time cycle of the square wave. We can change the speed of blinking by changing the value of
capacitance.

Diagram:

Fig.1 Circuit Diagram

Components:

 555 Timer IC
 1uF Capacitor
 470k Ohm Resistor
 1k Ohm Resistors (2)
 9v Battery
 LED

Implementation upto Soldering:

Procedure on proteus:

 First of all, copy these components from the Proteus components library

Fig.2 Components

 After selecting these components, now design a circuit in Proteus as shown in the figure
Fig.3:
 Fig.3 Schematic Diagram

 Now when you click on RUN button in proteus ISIS, the LED will keep on flashing,it will go
ON and then go OFF as shown in Fig.4.

Fig.4 Simulation

On PCB:

Now we design PCB layout of this circuit as shown in Fig.5.

 Fig.5 PCB Layout

Now export this PCB layout to PDF file as shown in Fig. 6

Fig.6 PDF
 Now print it on photographic paper.
 Then place it tightly on PCB.
 Press it for 5-7 minutes.
 Make a solution of FeCl3 and hot water.
 Dip this board in solution until the copper layer is removed.
 Then start drilling.

Soldering:
 Turn the PCB over so that you are looking at the plain side. From the drawing, find the
locations of the components. Remember that you are seeing the copper track through the
PCB.
 Insert the all components in their location holes correctly.
  Solder the pins of all components firmly.
 The battery snap is soldered with the red wire to the positive rail, black to the negative
rail.
 Connect a battery and the flasher will commence. The current draw is very small and the
voltage is not critical, so the light will flash for a very long time from the battery even
when the battery is almost completely flat.
 Trouble shooting will consist of checking locations, polarity, and soldering.

Application areas:
 Blinking of LED circuit can be used for any visual sign indication in any highways or it
can be used in advertisement hoarding also.
 LED blinking circuit can be used in signaling purpose (It can be used as signal for help, if
you are in danger).
 LED flashing circuit can be used as flashing beacon.
 LED flashing circuit can be used as vehicle indicator when it is broken down in the
middle of road.
 It can be used in operation theaters or offices as an indication that you are engaged in
work.
 There are lots of application of this circuit.