SAM WILDMAN

ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified
BROUSSARD, LOUISIANA
BELLE CHASSE, LOUISIANA
HOUSTON, TEXAS
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified
AGENDA
FIELD GAS LIFT TRAINING
•INTRODUCTION
•DEFINITIONS AND EXPLANATIONS
•CALCULATIONS
•RESERVOIR TYPES
•ARTIFICIAL LIFT
•GAS LIFT
•GAS LIFT KICKOFF
•GAS LIFT OPERATING
•GAS LIFT OPTIMIZATION
•GAS LIFT TROUBLE SHOOTING
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

DEFINITIONS
AND
EXPLANATIONS
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

API
AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE
(INDUSTRY RECOGNIZED
STANDARDS)
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

API GRAVITY
SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF
CRUDE OIL AS MEASURED
BY A SYSTEM
RECOMMENDED BY API.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

ANNULUS
SPACE BETWEEN TUBING
AND CASING.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

BOTTOM HOLE
PRESSURE
PRESSURE IN WELLBORE OPPOSITE
THE PRODUCING FORMATION.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

FLOWING BOTTOM
HOLE PRESSURE
PRESSURE INSIDE WELLBORE
OPPOSITE THE PRODUCING
FORMATION WITH WELL FLOWING.
FBHP
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

STATIC BOTTOM HOLE

PRESSURE AKA P*
PRODUCING FORMATION / RESERVOIR
PRESSURE OUTSIDE WELLBORE.
Measured inside wellbore after well has been shutin
for appropriate amount of time.
SBHP
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

DRAWDOWN - ∆P
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE
FLOWING AND STATIC BOTTOM
HOLE PRESSURES.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

PI
PRODUCTIVITY INDEX
THE VOLUME OF FLUID THE
FORMATION WILL GIVE UP PER (1) ONE
PSI OF DRAWDOWN.
PI = BFPD / SBHP-FBHP
ALTEC
GAS LIFT

COMPLETION
LINES OF FLOW

CEMENT R

PERF. E

CASING R
INVASION ZONE
ALTEC
GAS LIFT

COMPLETION
GRAVEL PACKED
LINES OF FLOW
SCREEN

S
PERF.

I
CEMENT
R
CASING
INVASION ZONE
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
THE RATIO OF THE WEIGHT OF A SUBSTANCE TO
THE WEIGHT OF AN EQUAL VOLUME OF A
STANDARD FOR SUBSTANCE.

STANDARD FOR LIQUID IS FRESH

WATER.
STANDARD FOR GASES IS AIR
FRESH WATER = 1
ALTEC
AIR = 1 GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

DENSITY
WEIGHT IN POUNDS
PER GALLON.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified
GRADIENT
RISING OR DESCENDING BY REGULAR
DEGREES.
THE DEGREES WE WILL BE REFERRING TO
ARE:
• PSI/FT
• OF/FT
HYDROSTATIC HEAD

ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

8.3 8.3
PPG PPG

AREA HAS NO EFFECT

HYDROSTATIC HEAD

ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

8.3 9
PPG PPG

DENSITY HAS EFFECT

 ALTEC MASS WEIGHT
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified
-vs-
HYDROSTATIC HEAD

0 0
8.33#

1 GAL
ALSO
5

FRESH 1 FT.
.5
WATER .433
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

KICKOFF
START; TO BEGAN; INITIAL STARTUP.

KICKOFF PRESSURE
MAXIMUM GAS INJECTION PRESSURE
THAT CAN BE REACHED AT WELLHEAD
WITHOUT MANIPULATION.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

OPERATING GAS PRESSURE

INJECTION GAS PRESSURE AT WELL
HEAD THAT CAN BE MAINTAINED
WHILE DELIVERING A VOLUME OF
GAS WITH SYSTEM IN FULL
OPERATION.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

INTERMITTENT
TO CEASE FOR A SET TIME THEN
RETURNING AT A SET RATE.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

CALCULATIONS
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

ALWAYS USE MEASURED

DEPTHS FOR VOLUME
CALCULATIONS
AND

VERTICLE DEPTHS FOR

PRESSURE CALCULATIONS
TO OBTAIN SPECIFIC GRAVITY
OF LIQUID
PPG / 8.33 PPG
GRADIENT / .433

TO OBTAIN SPECIFIC GRAVITY

OF GAS
MOLECULAR WEIGHT / 29
ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

TO OBTAIN GRADIENTS
.052 * DENSITY IN PPG
SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF LIQUID * .433
FOR OIL
(141.5 / (API GRAVITY + 131.5)) * .433
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

TO CALCULATE A MIXED
GRADIENT
GRADIENT PRODUCED WATER * % WATER REPORTED ON WELL TEST

+
GRADIENT PRODUCED 0IL * OIL REPORTED ON WELL TEST
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

ESTIMATE PRESSURE AT DEPTH

FOR A COLUMN OF GAS OR SBHP
FOR GAS WELL.
[(DEPTH TVD / 1000) * (SURFACE PRESSURE / 100 * 2.3)]
+
SURFACE PRESSURE
THE FOLLOWING ARE THE CONSTANTS FOR DIFFERENT GAS SPECIFIC
GRAVITIES:

.6O USE 2.2 .70 USE 2.4

.65 USE 2.3 .90 USE 4.0
If gas is .65 and the pressure is ~1000# then 20# per 1000 ft. is a rule of
thumb that is commonly used.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

ESTIMATE THE SBHP

IN FLUID PRODUCER
[(PERFORATION TVD - FLUID LEVEL TVD) * MIXED
GRADIENT] + [(SURFACE TUBING PRESSURE WHEN FLUID
LEVEL WAS OBSERVED / 100 * 2.3) * (FLUID LEVEL TVD /
1000) + SURFACE TUBING PRESSURE WHEN FLUID LEVEL
WAS OBSERVED]
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

PRODUCTIVITY INDEX
OR
PI
BFPD / DRAWDOWN
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

TO OBTAIN VOLUMES
BBL/FT = ID2 IN INCHES * .009714
FOR 2 7/8” PIPE:
(2.441 * 2.441) * .009714 = .05788 BBL / FT
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

MY FLOWING
WELL DIED,
WHY?
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

RESERVOIR TYPES
•SOLUTION GAS
•GAS CAP
•WATER
IT IS NOT UNCOMMON TO HAVE A COMBINATION OF
THE ABOVE.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT ARTIFICIAL LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

•PLUNGER LIFT
•ROD PUMP
•ESP
•CAVITY PUMP
•HYDRAULIC PUMPS
•GAS LIFT
 ALTEC EVERY TYPE LIFT
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified
HAS IT’S CANIDATE.
GAS LIFT CANIDATES ARE AS FOLLOWS.
•AREA WITH AVAILABLE STARTUP GAS SUPPLY.
•AREA WHERE COMPRESSION CAN BE OBTAINED
THAT CAN COMPRESS GAS UP TO: DEPTH/1000 *
100 PSI UP TO 800 PSI. 800 -1200 IS MOST COMMON
RANGE.
•WELLS THAT PRODUCE SMALL QUANTITIES OF
SOLIDS.
•HIGH GOR WELLS.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

THANKS!!
FOR
SELECTING

GAS LIFT
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

METHODS OF GAS LIFT

•CONSTANT FLOW
•INTERMITTENT LIFT
•CHAMBER LIFT
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

CONSTANT FLOW GAS LIFT

METHOD BY WHICH COMPRESSED GAS IS ENTERED INTO
A STREAM OF FLUID TO LIGHTEN THE GRADIENT SO
THAT WELL CAN CONTINUE TO FLOW OR FLOW MORE
EFFICIENTLY.

CANIDATES:
•FLOWING WELLS WITH LOW GLR.
•WELLS WITH SBHP GREATER THAN
SURFACE OPERATING PRESSURE.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

INTERMITTIENT LIFT
METHOD IN WHICH GAS IS
INTRODUCED, AT A LARGE RATE,
BENEATH A COLUMN OF FLUID SO
THAT COLUMN RISES TO SURFACE.
CANIDATES:
•WELLS WITH HIGH P.I. BUT WITH SBHP LESS THAN
SURFACE OPERATING PRESSURE.
• WELLS WITH LOW P.I. THAT PRODUCE LESS THAN 100
BFPD.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT INTERMITTENT LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

SLUG

GAS LIFT VALVE

STANDING VALVE
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

CHAMBER LIFT
METHOD IN WHICH A SHORT COLUMN OF FLUID
IS CAPTURED IN A LARGE AREA THEN
TRANSFERRED INTERMITTIENTLY INTO A
SMALLER AREA CREATING A COLUMN GREATER
THAN SBHP COULD SUPPORT AND THEN LIFING IT
TO SURFACE.

CANIDATES:
•HIGH P.I. WELLS WITH SBHP LESS THAN .5 OF AVAILABLE
OPERATING PRESSURE.
CHAMBER LIFT

ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

WHAT IS REQUIRED TO
OBTAIN AN EFFICIENT
GAS LIFT DESIGN?
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

Company
Lease
Well No.
Field

D E S IGN IN FOR MAT ION

Gas Pressure: Kickoff psi

Gas Pressure: Operating psi
Tubing Back Pressure psi
Bottomhole Pressure psi

Size Wt Thrd
Tubing Size and Threads
Casing Size and Weight
Gas Specific Gravity

o
Total Fluid Production bbls/day Surface Static Temperature F
o
% H2O % S urfa ce Flo wing Te mp e ra ture F
o
H2O Production bbls/day Bottomhole Temperature F
o
Oil Production bbls/day Temperature Gradient F/100 ft
Formation GOR scf/bbl
Formation GLR scf/bbl
Productivity Index bbls/day/psi

Specific Gravity Water Perforations - ft-MD

o
API Gravity API - ft-TVD
Kill Fluid gradient psi/ft.
Fluid gradient psi/ft. Mid-Perf ft-MD
Static Fluid Level TVD ft-TVD

Is well filled for workover?

Packer: Type
Packer: Depth ft-MD
ft-TVD
Other Information:

WE AP P R E CIAT E YOU R B U S IN E S S D a te 06/16/96

D e s ig ne d Fo r
AT03, 02/2000 D e s ig ne d B y S a m Wild m a n
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

WHAT DOES THIS

EQUIPMENT LOOK
LIKE AND HOW DOES
IT WORK.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

CUT AWAY OF 2 7/8” ORIENTING

MANDREL
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

VALVE PINNED IN RUNNING

TOOL
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

1 1/4” JDC PULLING TOOL

 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

ORIENTING KICKOVER TOOL

WITH JUNK CATCHER.
 ALTEC
LOCATING DOG GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

ORIENTING KICKOVER TOOL IN 2 7/8”

CUT AWAY MANDREL.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

VALVE IN UP POSITION NOTE

SPACE BETWEEN NO-GO AND TOP
OF POCKET.

VALVE AND LATCH IN POCKET.

 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

ORIENTING KICKOVER TOOL WITH 1 1/4” JDC PULLING

TOOL IN CUT-AWAY MANDREL GOING IN HOLE TO PULL
VALVE.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

MOST COMMON
VALVE TYPES
•IPO INJECTION PRESSURE OPERATED
•PPO PRODUCING PRESSURE OPERATED
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

ALTEC OPTIMIZATION
VALVES:
•CONSTANT FLOW (TM)
COMBINATION OF INJECTION AND PRODUCING
PRESSURES.

•VARIABLE LOAD (TM)

CONTROLLED BY DIFFERENCE BETWEEN

INJECTION AND PRODUCING PRESSURE.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

HOW DO I OPERATE THIS

EQUIPMENT NOW THAT
IT IS INSTALLED?
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

Company
Lease
Well No.
Field

D E S IGN IN FOR MAT ION

Gas Pressure: Kickoff psi

Gas Pressure: Operating psi
Tubing Back Pressure psi
Bottomhole Pressure psi

Size Wt Thrd
Tubing Size and Threads
Casing Size and Weight
Gas Specific Gravity

o
Total Fluid Production bbls/day Surface Static Temperature F
o
% H2O % S urfa ce Flo wing Te mp e ra ture F
o
H2O Production bbls/day Bottomhole Temperature F
o
Oil Production bbls/day Temperature Gradient F/100 ft
Formation GOR scf/bbl
Formation GLR scf/bbl
Productivity Index bbls/day/psi

Specific Gravity Water Perforations - ft-MD

o
API Gravity API - ft-TVD
Kill Fluid gradient psi/ft.
Fluid gradient psi/ft. Mid-Perf ft-MD
Static Fluid Level TVD ft-TVD

Is well filled for workover?

Packer: Type
Packer: Depth ft-MD
ft-TVD
Other Information:

WE AP P R E CIAT E YOU R B U S IN E S S D a te 06/16/96

D e s ig ne d Fo r
AT03, 02/2000 D e s ig ne d B y S a m Wild m a n
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

1" Ge ne ric Inje c tio n Pre s s ure Valve De s ig n Wo rks he e t

Co mp a ny: Fie ld : Da te :
Le a s e : We ll No : De s ig ne d b y:

Va lv e DEP T H E s tim a te d Pd Pd @ c a lc . us e
no . MD T VD T EMP T CF P o rt ms cf R 1 -R ∆ Pc Pt P t*R Ps c Pvc OP Ps o 60 d e g P tro P tro
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Pvo, Pvc AT DEPTH = (Pd/ 1-R) - (Pt*R/ 1-R) Pvc =CLOSING PRESSURE AT VALVE DEPTH
Ptro = Pd @ 60 degre es/ 1-R Pd=DOME PRESSURE AT VALVE TEMPERATURE T YP E OF VALVE S
Pso, Psc = Pvo, Pvc , - de lta Pc Pvo=OPENING PRESSURE AT VALVE DEPTH
Pso, Pso= DEFINED BY DESIGNER Pso=SURFACE OPENING PRESSURE
Pvc , Pvo = Psc , Pso, + delta Pc Ptro=TEST RACK SETTING PRESSURE
delta Pc =Pc AT DEPTH-Pc AT SURFACE
Pt=TUBING PRESSURE AT TRANSFER POINT TCF=TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTOR FOR NITROGEN
MINUS VALVE DIFFERENTIAL Tv=TEMPERATURE AT VALVE DEPTH
Psc =SURFACE CLOSING PRESSURE Es tima te d MS CF = Tho rnhill-Cra ve r S q ua re Ed g e Orific e Ca lcula tio n
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT

Constant Flow Valve De sign Workshe e t

Co mp a ny: S AMP LE Fie ld : S AMP LE Le a s e : S AMP LE
We ll Numb e r: S AMP LE Da te :

Va lv e DEP T H Ps o d e lta Pv o Pd @ c a lc us e
no . MD T VD T EMP CKE P OR T R 1 -R Pt P t*R Ps c Pc Pv c Pd T CF 60 de g P tro P tro
1 1950 1900 105 10 5 / 1 6 " 0.2463 0.7537 450 110.84 1100 48 1148 976 0.876 855 1134 1135
2 2800 2700 115 10 5 / 1 6 " 0.2463 0.7537 500 123.15 1050 65 1115 964 0.853 822 1091 1090
3 3325 3200 120 12 5 / 1 6 " 0.2463 0.7537 500 123.15 1050 77 1127 973 0.842 819 1087 1085

Pt=TUBING PRESSURE AT TRANSFER POINT

MINUS VALVE DIFFERENTIAL
Pvo, Pvc AT DEPTH = (Pd/ 1-R) - (Pt*R/ 1-R) Psc=SURFACE CLOSING PRESSURE
Pvc =CLOSING PRESSURE AT VALVE DEPTH
Ptro = Pd @ 60 de gre es/ 1-R Pd=DOME PRESSURE AT VALVE TEMPERATURE T YP E OF VALVE S
Pvo=OPENING PRESSURE AT VALVE DEPTH
Pso, Psc = Pvo, Pvc , - de lta Pc Pso=SURFACE OPENING PRESSURE
Pso, Pso= DEFINED BY DESIGNER Ptro=TEST RACK SETTING PRESSURE
Pvc , Pvo = Psc , Pso, + delta Pc de lta Pc =Pc AT DEPTH-Pc AT SURFACE
TCF=TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTOR FOR NITROGEN
Tv=TEMPERATURE AT VALVE DEPTH
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT I HAVE THE
ISO 9002 Certified

INFORMATION
BUT WHAT NOW?

KICK IT OFF
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified
BUT DO
SO
SLOWLY!!
 ALTEC RECOMMENDED KICK OFF
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified
PROCEDURE
WHEN RELIABLE INJECTION GAS MEASUREMENT MEANS IS AVAILABLE.
•INSTALL TWO PEN RECORDER OR NEW GAUGES RATED ABOVE MAX. ANTICIPATED
PRESSURE.
•MAKE SURE SAFETY VALVE IS OPEN.
•OPEN ALL MASTER VALVES AND CASING SHUT DOWN VALVES AUTOMATIC AND
MANUAL.
•BLEED TUBING TO SYSTEM PRESSURE SLOWLY WITH ADJUSTABLE CHOKE OR MANUAL
WING VALVE.
•OPEN CONTROL VALVE AND PRESSURE CASING TO KICKOFF PRESSURE AT A 150-200
MCFPD RATE.
•AFTER REACHING KICKOFF PRESSURE AND PROVIDING THE WELL IS PRODUCING THEN
INCREASE GAS TO A 250-300 MCFPD RATE AND LET PRODUCE AT THIS RATE FOR 12
HOURS.
•INCREASE GAS TO PROJECTED OPTIMUM RATE AND ALLOW WELL TO PRODUCE UNTIL
WELL REACHES LOWEST LIFT POINT POSSIBLE. LIFT POINT CAN BE DETERMINED WITH
TWO PEN CHART, ANNULAR FLUID LEVEL WITH ECHOMETER, OR FLOWING SURVEY.
•OPTIMIZE WELL
 FLUID IN ANULUS
FLUID IN ANULUS REACHES 3RD MANDREL
REACHES 2ND MANDREL SECOND VALVE IS ALLOWED TO CLOSE
TOP VALVE IS ALLOWED TO CLOSE

INCREASED INJECTIO
GAS TO PROJECTED
GAS INJECTION OPTIMUM RATE
SET AT 250-300 MCFPD

SAMPLE WELL

GAS INJECTION
SET AT 150-200 MCFPD
OPERATING ON
ORIFICE VALVE IN
3RD MANDREL

INJECTION GAS CHART

DURING KICKOFF OF WELL
WITH IPO VALVES
 ALTEC RECOMMENDED KICK OFF
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified
PROCEDURE
WHEN NO RELIABLE INJECTION GAS MEASUREMENT MEANS IS AVAILABLE.
•INSTALL TWO PEN RECORDER OR NEW GAUGES RATED ABOVE MAX. ANTICIPATED PRESSURE.
•MAKE SURE SAFETY VALVE IS OPEN.
•OPEN ALL MASTER VALVES AND CASING SHUT DOWN VALVES AUTOMATIC AND MANUAL.
•BLEED TUBING TO SYSTEM PRESSURE SLOWLY WITH ADJUSTABLE CHOKE OR MANUAL WING
VALVE.
•OPEN CONTROL VALVE AND ALLOW CASING PRESSURE TO INCREASE 50 PSI PER 10 MINUTE
INTERVALALLOW THE WELL TO DO THIS FOR (1) HOUR OR UNTIL CASING PRESSUREREACHES 300 PSI.
•INCREASE GAS SO THAT CASING PRESSURE INCREASES 100 PSI PER 10 MINUTE INTERVAL UNTIL
CASING PRESSURE REACHES KICKOFF PRESSURE.
•AFTER REACHING KICKOFF PRESSURE OR WELL IS RETURNING GAS WITH THE FLUID THEN
INCREASE GAS SO THAT UNLOADING HEADING IS WITHIN SAFETY SYSTEM LIMITS AND ALLOW TO
LIFT AT THIS RATE UNTIL WELL REACHES LOWEST LIFT POINT POSSIBLE.
•LIFT POINT CAN BE DETERMINED WITH TWO PEN CHART, ANNULAR FLUID LEVEL WITH
ECHOMETER, OR FLOWING SURVEY.
•OPTIMIZE WELL.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

IF NO PROJECTED INJECTION RATE IS

AVAILABLE THEN THE FOLLOWING IS A
RULE OF THUMB THAT WILL GET YOU
STARTED:
•150 - 250 SCF/BBL PER 1000 FT OF LIFT.
•LIFTING 500 BBL FROM 5000’ IN 2 3/8” TBG.
(500 * 150) * 5000/1000 = 375,000 SCFPD.

USE INCREASING VALUES AS TUBING SIZE

INCREASES.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

I WANT TO
OPTIMIZE MY
WELL!
WHERE DO I
START?
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

REDUCE FLOWING WELLHEAD PRESSURE

IF FLOWING WELLHEAD PRESSURE IS 50# GREATER THAN
SEPARATOR PRESSURE THEN INVESTIGATE WHY.
TAKE A SINGLE GAUGE AND GO TO EVERY POSSIBLE CHECK
POINT ON FLOWLINE AND RECORD PRESSURE AT EACH
POINT UNTIL BOTTLE NECK IS IDENTIFIED. SOME POSSIBLE
PROBLEMS AREAS ARE:
•CHOKES AND CHOKE BODIES.
•PARAFFIN OR SCALE BUILDUP IN THE FLOWLINE.
•EXCESSIVE 90 DEGREE TURNS IN FLOW LINE.
•NON FULL OPENING CHECK VALVES.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

FLOWING TUBING
PRESSURE IS AS LOW AS I
CAN GET IT. WHAT NEXT
?
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

OPTIMIZE THE INJECTION GAS RATE.

SET THE INJECTION GAS AT PROJECTED OPTIMUM
RATE PROVIDED BY ENGINEER, SUPERVISOR, OR GAS
LIFT SPECILIST.
 STABLE FLOW WILL BE REALIZED
AT VALUES GREATER THAN THE INDICATED
VALUE.

UNSTABLE FLOW WILL BE REALIZED

AT VALUES LESS THAN THE INDICATED VALUE.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

IF NO PROJECTED INJECTION RATE IS

AVAILABLE THEN THE FOLLOWING IS A
RULE OF THUMB THAT WILL GET YOU
STARTED:
•150 - 250 SCF/BBL PER 1000 FT OF LIFT.
•LIFTING 500 BBL FROM 5000’ IN 2 3/8” TBG.
(500 * 150) * 5000/1000 = 375,000 SCFPD.

USE INCREASING VALUES AS TUBING SIZE

INCREASES.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified INJECTION GAS
RULES OF THUMB
GROSS LIQUIDS REQUIRED GLR
(TOTAL GAS DIVIDED BY TOTAL FLUID)

2- 3/8" Tubing

0-150 BFPD 350 MCFPD, this is a constant for up to 200# tbg pressure. GLR does not apply until you exceed 150 BFPD.
150-500 BFPD 1500:1
500-750 BFPD 1000:1
750-1000 BFPD 750:1
1000 + BFPD 500:1

2- 7/8" Tubing

0-150 BFPD 500 MCFPD, this is a constant for up to 200# tbg pressure. GLR does not apply until you exceed 150 BFPD.
150-500 BFPD 1500:1
500-750 BFPD 1000:1
750-1000 BFPD 800:1
1000-1500 BFPD 600:1
1500 + BFPD 400:1

3- 1/2" Tubing

0-150 BFPD 750 MCFPD, this is a constant for up to 200# tbg pressure. GLR does not apply until you exceed 150 BFPD.
150-500 BFPD 1000:1
500-1000 800:1
1000 + 600:1
 1800
GAS RATE REQUIRED TO PREVENT
1700
LOADING OF 2 7/8" TUBING
1600

1500

1400

1285
1200

1100

1000
MCFPD

950 960
OIL
WATER
800 810

650 640
600

450
400

300

200 220

0
0 200 400 600 800 1000
WELLHEAD PRESSURE
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified

AFTER WELL HAS STABLIZED AND CONSISTENT WELL

TEST ARE BEING REALIZED THEN PROCEED TO
ADJUSTING THE INJECTION GAS AS FOLLOWS:
•WITH WELL IN TEST AND WHILE RECORDING CASING AND TUBING PRESSURE
INCREASE THE INJECTION GAS 50 MCFPD.
•LET WELL STABILIZE AND TAKE A (4) FOUR HOUR TEST.
•IF BENEFIT IS REALIZED THEN CONTINUE TO INCREASE THE INJECTION GAS
RATE 50 MCFPD UNTIL NO BENEFIT IS REALIZED.
•ONCE RATE IS OBTAINED THEN BUMP GAS BACK TO LAST BENEFITED RATE.
•IF NO BENEFIT IS REALIZED FROM THE FIRST INCREASE THEN DECREASE THE
GAS 50 MCFPD.
• LET WELL STABILIZE AND TAKE A (4) FOUR HOUR TEST.
•IF NO PRODUCTION DECREASE IS OBSERVED THEN CONTINUE DECREASING THE
GAS 50 MCFPD UNTIL A DECREASE IS OBSERVED.
•ONCE DECREASE IS OBSERVED THEN BUMP GAS BACK TO LAST RATE THAT NO
DECREASE WAS OBSERVED.
 ALTEC
GAS LIFT
ISO 9002 Certified IT INCREASED MY
PRODUCTION BUT
HOW?

INCREASED
DRAWDOWN
 0 1 25

FTP = 100 psi

OP = 1
250

Pko =
500 C OM P A N Y
750 OC S G- LEA S E
WELLN A M E

000 psi

1050 ps
1000
1250 F IELD
1500 EN GR. NA ME
1750

i
2000 1 39

2250
2500
2750
3000
1 48
3250
3500
3750 1 52
4000
4250
1 57
4500
4750
5000 1 61

5250
5500
5750 0.42
7p
6000
si/f
6250 t
6500
6750
7000
7250
7500
7750 ALTEC GAS LIFT
8000
8250 B FPD 500 B FPD 500
8500 GLR 1 2 0 0 :1 GLR 6 0 0 :1
P ac ke r - 8 5 0 0 f t ( TV D )
8750 H2 0 50% H2 0 50%
9000
M id p e rf @ 9 0 0 0 f t ( TV D )
9250
9500 Sam Wildman
9750 June 17, 1996
60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

240
220
10000
 0 1 25

FTP = 250 PSI

C OM P A N Y

OP = 10
FTP = 100 psi

250

Pko = 1
500 OC S G- LEA S E
750 W ELLN A M E
1000 F IELD

00 p s i

050 p s i
1250 EN GR . N A ME
1500
1750
2000 1 39

2250
2500
2750
3000
1 48
3250
3500
3750 1 52
4000
4250
1 57
4500
4750
5000 1 61

5250
5500
5750 0.42
7 p
6000
si/ft
6250
6500
6750
7000
7250
7500 ALTEC GAS LIFT
7750
BFPD 500
8000
8250 GLR 1200:1 BFPD 500
8500
8750
P a c ke r - 8 5 0 0 f t ( TV D ) H20 50% GLR 1200:1
9000
9250
M id p e rf @ 9 0 0 0 f t ( TV D ) H20 50%
9500 Sam Wildman
9750 June 17, 1996
60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

240
220
10000