PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

PREDISPOSING FACTORS: PRECIPITATING FACTORS:

 Advance Age
 Malnutrition
 History of Smoking
 Environment
 Chronic disease states (
 Personal hygiene
chronic lung disease)

Microorganism (S. Pneumonniae)

enters the nasal passages

Passes through the

pharynx, larynx, trachea

Microorganism enters lung

parenchyma

Mucus and phlegm

Lung invasion
production/ productive
cough
 Fever
 Chills Infectious organisms lodges
 Increase heart stimulation in bronchioles
rate

Blood streaked Airway damage

sputum

Necrosis of bronchial
tissue

Narrowing of air passage  Dyspnea

 Chest pain
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 Necrosis of pulmonary
tissue

PNEUMONIA

TREATMENT:
COMPLICATIONS IF NOT
 Antibiotic therapy ( TREATED:
Cefuroxime,
Bacteremia
Azithromycin )
 Respiratory support as Lung abscess
needed Respiratory failure
 Fluid and electrolyte
management Death

Narrative:

Considering the predisposing factors such as advance age, history of

smoking, and chronic disease states (chronic lung disease) also the precipitating

factors such as malnutrition, dehydration, environment, personal hygiene

contributed to the development of the disease. The etiology of Community Acquired

Pneumonia was streptococcus pneumoniae which enters to the nasal passages that

leads to the invasion of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea. Microorganisms enters to

the lung parenchyma and it will invade the lungs which causes mucus and phlegm

production and productive cough. Infectious organism’s lodges stimulation in

bronchioles which leads to fever, chills and increase in heart rate. Necrosis of

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bronchial tissue and narrowing of air passage results to dyspnea and chest pain,

necrosis of pulmonary tissue follows and it will lead to pneumonia. The treatment of

this include antibiotic therapy (Cefuroxime, Azithromycin), Respiratory support as

needed and Fluid and electrolyte management. If not treated this will lead to

complication such as Bacteremia, Lung abscess, Respiratory failure and Death.

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