Results:

PART A: ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON

(a) Reaction of aliphatic compound with chlorine water

Reaction Conditions Observation

Cyclohexane In the dark (cupboard) -No changes in colour shown by

with Cl2 moist blue litmus paper
-No changes in colour

Exposed to sunlight -Moist blue litmus paper turns red

-White colour of the mixture
becomes light yellow
(b) Reaction of aliphatic compound with aqueous potassium permanganate (Bayer’s
Test)

Reaction Observation

Cyclohexene with aqueous potassium
permanganate, KMnO4
-The mixture turns into dark purple in colour
- Presence of purple precipitate in the test
tube
- Fruit-smell and heat gases is released.
-Theoretically: The solution contains double
layers. The colour of the solution changes
from purple to brown. There is presence of
brown precipitates in the solution.
(c) Reaction of aliphatic compound with sulphuric acid

Reaction Observation

Cyclohexene with sulphuric acid, H2SO4 -The mixture turns into cloudy solution.
- Heat is evolved
Comparisons

Reaction Observation

Aliphatic compounds Aromatic compounds

(alkane/alkene) (toluene) (theoretically)

With Chlorine water UV absence: Without iron powder:

-No changes in colour shown -No changes in colour of the
by moist blue litmus paper mixture (brownish yellow)
-No changes in colour of the
mixture

UV presence: With iron powder:

Moist blue litmus paper turns
red
-White colour of the mixture
change to light yellow
-Presence of black precipitate in
the test tube
- White colour of the mixture
change to light/pale yellow.
- Moist blue litmus paper turns
red

with aqueous -The mixture turns into dark -The mixture turns into colourless
potassium purple in colour solution
permanganate - Presence of purple - Presence of dark black
precipitate in the test tube precipitate in the test tube
-Theoretically: The solution
contains double layers. The
colour of the solution changes
from purple to brown. There
are presence of brown
precipitates in the solution.

with sulphuric acid -The mixture turns into cloudy

solution. (Reflux is required)
- Heat is evolved