FIELD DATA
A,r
CONDUCTOR SIZE
ts,d,Io
INITIAL DESIGN
D,n,LT,h
GRID RESISTANCE
Rg,LT
MODIFY DESIGN
D,n,LT,LR
GRID CURRENT
IG
YES
GPR < Etouch
NO
NO
Em<Etouch
YES
NO
Es<Estep
YES
DETAIL
DESIGN
EARTHING CALCULATION
I
Amm 2 =
TCAP 10 4
K 0 Tm Eqn.: 40 Page : 43
ln
t ca r r r K T IEEE Std. 80 - 2000
0 a
Where
Material Proposed
Ta = Ambient temperature in °C 40 °C
TCAP = thermal capacity per unit volume from Table 1 3.93 J/(cm³°C)
r
0 .09 1 Eqn. 27, Page 23, IEEE 80 2000
r s
Cs =
2 hs 0 .09
K = -0.54
Cs = 0.91
0.157
Estep70 = (1000 6Cs rs ) Eqn. 30, Page 27, IEEE 80 2000
ts
Where
Length Breadth
Preliminary Layout of Grid = 450 250
D = Conductor Spacing = 30 m
LT = 2 Na L
D GRID RESISTANCE
1 1 1
Rg = r 1
LT 20A 1 h 20/ A
Where
Rg = Grid Resistance
Rg = 0.87 W
IG = D f I g
Where
IG = 30000 A
GPR = I G Rg
GPR = 26042.3 V
EARTHING CALCULATION
GPR
The safety to personnel is specified by IEEE 80, which requires to limit the development of
electrical potential to dangerous value during earth fault current.
The regulation stipulates the following parameters to be within the permissible limit
A Mesh Voltage
r IG K m K i
Emesh ( Design ) =
Eqn. 80, Page 91,
L C 1 . 55 1 . 22 L
Lr IEEE 80, 2000
L2 l 2 R
x Ly
Ki = Corrective factor for current irregu-
larity
K i = 0 . 644 0 . 148 n
Where
n = n a n b n c n d
2 LT
n a =
LP
na = 9.1
n = 9.11
Ki = 1.99
Km =
1 D2
ln
D 2 h 2 h Kii ln 8
Eqn. 81, Page 93
IEEE 80, 2000
2 16 hd 8 Dd 4 d Kh 2 n 1
Where
Kii = Corrective wieghting factor that adjusts the effect of inner conductors on the corner mesh
1
K ii = 2
(2 n) n
EARTHING CALCULATION
Kii = 0.64
h
= 1
ho
Where
Kh = 1.34
Km = 0.96
Calculated Mesh Voltage is Greater than the Tolerable Touch Voltage. MODIFY DESIGN
B Step Voltage
Voltage developed for step as per the earthing system proposed during full Earth fault current
Estep ( Design ) =
Ks
Ki r I G Eqn. 92, Page 94
0 . 75 L C 0 . 85 L R IEEE 80, 2000
Where
1 1 1 1 0 .5 n 2
Ks = Eqn. 94, Page 94, IEEE 80, 2000
2 h D h D
Ks = 0.220
K i = 0 . 644 0 . 148 n
Ki = 1.992444444
Calculated Step Voltage is Lower than the Tolerable Step Voltage.HENCE SAFE
EARTHING CALCULATION
SUMMARY
B GROUND RODS
C HUMAN SAFETY
Material Fusing
Description Conductivity ar factor K 0 at Temperature
at 20°C (0°C)
(%) Tm (°C)
Copper annealed
1 soft - drawn 1 100 1 0.00393 1 234 1 1083 1
Copper, commercial
hard - drawn
2 2 97 2 0.00381 2 242 2 1084 2
Copper-clad steel
3 wire 3 40 3 0.00378 3 245 3 1084 3
Copper-clad steel
4 wire 4 30 4 0.00378 4 245 4 700 4
Copper-clad steel
5 rod 5 20 5 0.00378 5 245 5 1084 5
Aluminium EC
6 Grade 6 61 6 0.00403 6 228 6 657 6
Aluminium 5005
7 alloy 7 53.5 7 0.00353 7 263 7 652 7
Aluminium 6201
8 alloy 8 52.5 8 0.00347 8 268 8 654 8
Aluminium-clad steel
9 wire 9 20.3 9 0.0036 9 258 9 657 9
Steel, 1020
10 10 10.8 10 0.0016 10 605 10 1510 10
Stainless - clad steel
11 rod 11 9.8 11 0.0016 11 605 11 1400 11
Zinc-coated steel
12 rod 12 8.6 12 0.0032 12 293 12 419 12
13 Stanless steel, 304 13 2.4 13 0.0013 13 749 13 1400 13
TCAP
rr Thermal
20°C(mW. Capacity
cm) [J/(cm³.°C]
1.72 1 3.42
1.78 2 3.42
4.4 3 3.85
5.86 4 3.85
8.62 5 3.85
2.86 6 2.56
3.22 7 2.6
3.28 8 2.6
8.48 9 3.58
15.9 10 3.28
17.5 11 4.44
20.1 12 3.93
72 13 4.03