COMPRESSORS
OVERVIEW
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Compressors Overview
Compressors: Overview
Introduction
Compression Methods
I- Intermittent Mode Compressors
Reciprocating Compressors
Rotary Compressors
Helical-Lube Compressor
Straight-Lube Compressor
Sliding Vane Compressor
Liquid Piston Compressor
II- Continuous Compression Compressors
Ejectors
Dynamic Compressors
Centrifugal Compressors
Axial Compressors
Mixed Flow Compressors
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Compressors Overview
Classification of
Fans, Blowers and Compressors
The word Fan is ordinarily used to describe Machines with
Pressure Rises up to about 2 psig.
Between 2 psig and 10 psig. Pressure Rise,
The name applied to the Machine is Blower.
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Compressors Overview
Introduction
A Compressor is a Device used to
Increase the Pressure of a Compressible Fluid
The Inlet and Outlet Pressure are related corresponding
With The Type of Compressor and its Configuration
The Fluid is any Compressible Fluid, either Gas or Vapor,
and can have a Wide Molecular Weight Range.
Applications of compressed gas vary
from Consumer Products, such as The Home Refrigerator,
to Large Complex Petrochemical Plant Installations
Typical Applications: Air Separation, Vapor Extraction,
Refrigeration, Steam Recompression, Process and Plant Air
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
Compression Methods
Compressors have Numerous Forms,
The Exact Configuration being based on the Application.
Compressors Divided into 2 Groups
based on Compression Mode.
There are 2 Basic Modes: Intermittent and Continuous.
The Intermittent Mode is Cyclic in Nature, in that
A Specific Quantity of Gas is ingested by Compressor,
Acted upon, and Discharged Before the Cycle is Repeated.
The Continuous Compression Mode is one in which
The Gas is moved into the Compressor, is
Acted upon, Moved through Compressor, and Discharged
without Interruption of the flow at any point in the process.
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
Intermittent Mode
Compressors
Reciprocating Compressors
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Compressors Overview
Reciprocating Compressors
The Reciprocating Compressor is the Best Known
and the Most widely used of All compressors.
The Displacing Action of the Piston together with
the Inlet Valve Causes Gas to enter the Cylinder
where it is in turn Compressed and Discharged.
Action of Discharge Valve Prevents Backflow of Gas into
Compressor from Discharge Line during Next intake Cycle
When Compression takes place on One Side
of Piston Only, The compressor is said to be Single-Acting.
The Compressor is Double-Acting
When compression takes place on Each Side of the Piston.
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
Diaphragm Compressor
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
Rotary
Compressors
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Compressors Overview
Rotary Compressors
The Features these Compressors have in common are:
1. They impart Energy to the Gas being compressed
by way of an input shaft moving Rotating Elements.
2. They perform Compression in an Intermittent Mode.
3. They do not use Inlet and Discharge Valves.
The Helical and Spiral-Lobe Compressors are Similar
The Gas is Moved Axially along Rotor to the Discharge Port
where the Gas is discharged into the Discharge Nozzle.
The Volume of the Trapped Gas is Decreased as it Moves
Toward the Outlet, with the Relative Port Location
Controlling the Pressure Ratio.
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Compressors Overview
Fig. 7 shows an Exploded view of a Helical-Lobe Compressor.
The Spiral-Lobe Version is the More limited of the two
and is used Only in the Lower Pressure Applications.
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
Continuous
Compression
Compressors
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Compressors Overview
Ejectors
Continuous Compression Compressors are of 2 Types:
Ejector and Dynamic
Ejector can be identified as having No Moving Parts, Fig. 11).
Ejector
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Compressors Overview
Ejector
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Compressors Overview
Dynamic
Compressors
Centrifugal Compressor
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Compressors Overview
Dynamic Compressors
In Dynamic Compressors Energy is transferred
from a Moving set of Blades to the Gas.
Energy Forms are Velocity & Pressure in Rotating Element
Pressure Conversion taking place in Stationary Elements.
The Density and Molecular Weight have an influence on
The Amount of Pressure the Compressor can Generate.
The Dynamic Compressors are Subdivided into:
Radial, Axial, and Mixed flow.
The Radial Flow, or Centrifugal, Compressor is
A Widely used Compressor and is Second Only to
Reciprocating Compressor in Usage in Process Industries
A Multistage Centrifugal Compressor is seen in Fig. 12.
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
Axial
Compressor
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
Mixed-Flow
Compressor
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Compressors Overview
Mixed-Flow Compressor
The Mixed-Flow Compressor is a Uncommon Form,
and is mentioned here in the interest of Completeness.
The Mixed-Flow Compressor very much resemble
the Radial-Flow Compressor
A Bladed Impeller is used, but the flow path has
both Radial and Axial components (see Figure 14).
Because the Stage Spacing is wide the compressor is used
as a Single-Stage Machine.
The Compressor Size is Flexible and Covers
the Centrifugal Compressor Higher Flow Rates Range.
The Head/Stage is Lower than available in the Centrifugal.
Mixed-Flow Compressor application is in pipeline booster
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Compressors Overview
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Compressors Overview
Compressor
System
From Compressor to End User
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Compressors Overview
Compressor System
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