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OUTLINE IN CIVIL LAW REVIEW II

SY 2018-2019, 2nd semester

Reading Material: Tolentino

OBLIGATIONS and CONTRACTS

PART I - OBLIGATIONS

I. General Provisions

A. Definition, NCC 1156

B. Sources, NCC 1157

MetroBank v. Rosales, G.R. No. 183204, January 13, 2014

1. Law, NCC 1158

2. Contract, NCC 1159

PSBA v CA, G.R. No. 84698, February 4, 1992


Cruz v Gruspe, G.R. No. 191431, March 13,2013
ACE Foods, Inc. v. Micro Pacific, G.R. No. 200602,
December 11, 2013

3. Quasi-Contract, NCC 1160

Locsin II v. Mekeni Food Corporation, G.R. No. 192105, December 9, 2013

4. Delict, NCC 1161

Garcia vs. Ferro Chemicals, Inc., G.R. No. 172505,


October 1, 2014

5. Quasi-Delict, NCC 1162

Barredo v Garcia, 73 Phil. 607 (1942)


Gutierrez v Gutierrez, G.R. 34840, September 23, 1931
Llana v. Biong, G.R. No. 182356, December 4, 2013

II. Nature and Effects of Obligations

A. Kinds of Prestations

1. To give, NCC 1163-1166

a. Rules regarding improvement, loss, or deterioration


NCC 1189, 1190, 1194, 566-571

2. To do, NCC 1167

1
Chavez v Gonzales, 32 SCRA 547
Tanguilig v CA, 266 SCRA 78 (1997)

3. Not to do, NCC 1168

B. Irregularity in Performance

1. Attributable to Debtor, NCC 1170

a. Fraud (dolo), NCC 1170, 1171, cf. NCC 1338

Woodhouse v Halili, 93 Phil 526 (1953)


Geraldez v CA, 230 SCRA 329 (1994)
Tongson v Emergency Pawnshop, G.R. No. 167874, January 15, 2010
Metropolitan v. Prosperity, G.R. No. 154390, March 17, 2014

Effects of Fraud

i. Specific Performance, NCC 1233

(1) Specific/determinate thing, NCC 1244,


1170, 1165 (1), 1177
(2) Generic thing, NCC 1246
(3) Preserve, NCC 1163
(4) Deliver all its accessions, NCC 1166,
1164
(5) Interest, NCC 1176

Marquez v. Elisan Credit, G.R. No. 194642, April 06, 2015

(6) Deliver all its accessories, NCC 1166


(7) Analogous circumstances

Surviving Heirs versus Lindo, et al., G.R. No. 208232, March 10, 2014

ii. Substituted performance, NCC 1165(2), 1167

iii. Rescission, NCC 1191-1192, 1786, 1788,


1484-1486, RA 6552

Boysaw v Interphil Promotions, 148 SCRA 364 (1987)


U.P. v De los Angeles, 35 SCRA 365 (1970)
Vda. de Mistica v Sps. Naguiat, 418 SCRA 72 (2003)
Fil-Estate v Vertex, G.R. No. 202079, June 10, 2013
Swire Realty v. Jayne Yu, G.R. No. 207133, March 09, 2015
Fong vs. Duenas, G.R. No. 185592, June 15, 2015
Cupino v. Pacific Rehouse, G.R. No. 205113, August 26, 2015

iv. Damages, NCC 1170

(1) Unilateral obligations, NCC 1171


(2) Reciprocal obligations, NCC 1192

b. Negligence (culpa), NCC 1173, 1172

2
Effects of Negligence, NCC 1170, 2201, 2202, 1233, 1191

Gutierrez v Gutierrez, 56 Phil 177 (1932)


Vasquez v Borja, 74 Phil 560 (1944)

c. Delay (mora), NCC 1169

De La Rosa v BPI, G.R. No. L-22359, November 28, 1924


SSS v Moonwalk, G.R. No. 73345, April 7, 1993
Vasquez v Ayala, G.R. No. 149734. November 19, 2004
Rivera vs. Spouses Chua, G.R. No. 184458, January 14, 2015
Maybank Philippines, Inc. v Spouses Tarrosa, G.R. No. 213014, October 14,
2015

Kinds of delay

i. mora solvendi, NCC 1169

Abella v Gonzaga, 55 Phil 447 (1931)


Vasquez v Ayala Corp., G.R. No. 149734, Nov.
19, 2004
Agner v BPI, G.R. No. 182963, June 3, 2013

ii. mora accipiendi

Vda. de Villaruel v Manila Motor Co.,


104 Phil 926 (1958)
Tengco v CA, G.R. No. 49852, October 19, 1989

iii. compensatio morae

Central Bank v CA, 139 SCRA 46 (1985)

2. Not Attributable to the Debtor

a. Fortuitous event, NCC 1174, 1221, 1165(3)

Nakpil v CA, L-47851, October 3, 1986


Fil-Estate v Ronquillo, G.R. No. 185789,
January 13, 2014

3. Other Provisions, NCC 1175, 1957, 1413, 1961, 1176

4. Remedies of creditors

a. Levy and execution, NCC 1177, 2236

b. Accion Subrogatoria, NCC 1177, 772

c. Accion Pauliana, NCC 1177, 1380-1389

Khe Hong Cheng v CA, 355 SCRA 701 (2001)

3
Siguan v Lim, 318 SCRA 725 (1999)

d. Accion Directa, NCC 1652, 1729, 1608, 1893

C. Transmissibility, NCC 1178

III. KINDS OF OBLIGATIONS

A. According to Demandability, NCC 1179-1192

1. Pure obligations
2. Conditional obligations

Gaite v Fonacier, 2 SCRA 830 (1961)


Gonzales v Heirs of Thomas, 314 SCRA 585
(1999)

Types of Conditions

a. As to effect on obligation-

i. Suspensive (condition precedent)

Gonzales v Heirs of Thomas, supra


Coronel v CA, 253 SCRA 15 (1996)

ii. Resolutory (condition subsequent)

Parks v Prov of Tarlac, 49 Phil 142 (1926)


Central Philippines v CA, 246 SCRA 511
(1995)
Quijada v CA, 299 SCRA 695 (1998)

b. As to cause or origin-

i. Potestative

Lim v CA, 191 SCRA 156 (1990)


Silos v PNB, G.R. No. 181045, July 2, 2014

(ii) Casual

Naga Telephone v CA, 230 SCRA 351


(1994)

(iii) Mixed

Osmena v Rama, 14 Phil 99 (1909)


Smith Bell v Sotelo Matti, 44 Phil 875 (1922)
Rustan Pulp v IAC, 214 SCRA 665 (1992)
Romero v CA, 250 SCRA 223 (1995)

(c) As to possibility - Possible and Impossible

4
Roman Catholic Archbishop v CA, 198 SCRA
100(1991)

(d) As to mode - Positive and Negative

(e) As to expression - Express and Implied

(3) Obligations with a term, NCC 1193-1198

Types of Period/Term

(a) As to effect on obligation - Suspensive (ex die) and Resolutory (in diem)

(b) As to source - Legal, Voluntary, and Judicial, NCC 1197, 1191, 1687 (2,3,4
sentences), 1180

Araneta v Phil Sugar Estate, 20 SCRA 330 (1967) Central


Philippines v CA, supra

(c) As to expression - Express and Implied

(d) As to definiteness - Definite and Indefinite

(e) Original Period and Grace Period

B. According to Plurality of Object, NCC 1199-1206

1. Alternative Obligations, NCC 1199-1206

(a) Kinds

(i) Simple alternative, NCC 1199


(ii) Facultative, NCC 1206

(b) Right to choose

(i) In general, NCC 1200-1201, 1205


(ii) Loss of right, NCC 1200, 1202-1203

Ong Guan Can vs. The Century Insurance Company, Ltd., G.R. No. L-21196, February 6, 1924

(c) Loss/Impossibility

(i) Liability for loss of thing/impossibility of


performance, NCC 1205
(ii) Creditor’s right to indemnity for damages,
NCC 1204

C. According to Plurality of Subjects, NCC 1207-1222

1. Single
2. Joint

5
(a) General rule, NCC 1207
(b) Presumption, NCC 1208
(c) Indivisibility, NCC 1209

3. Solidary

(a) When solidary, NCC 1207


(b) Kinds

Lafarge Cement v Continental Cement, 443 SCRA 522 (2004)


Sinamban v. China Banking Corporation, G.R. No. 193890, March
11, 2015
LBP v Belle, G.R. No. 205271, September 02, 2015
UCPB v Uy, GR 204039, Jan. 10, 2018

D. According to Performance, NCC 1223-1225

1. Divisible
2. Indivisible

E. According to Sanction for Breach, NCC 1226-1230

Rivelisa Realty v. First Sta. Clara Builders, G.R. No. 189618, January 15, 2014

1. Obligations with a Penal Clause, NCC 2226-2228

SSS v Moonwalk, supra


Lambert v Fox, G.R. No. L-7991, January 29, 1914
Robes-Francisco v CFI, G.R. No. L-41093, October 30,
1978
Rivera v. Chua, G.R. No. 184458, January 14, 2015
New World Developers and Management vs. AMA,
G.R. No. 187930, February 23, 2015

2. Characteristics of penal clause

(a) Subsidiary or alternative, NCC 1227


(b) Exclusive, NCC 1226

III. Extinguishment of Obligations, NCC 1231

Metro Concast Steel Corp., et al. v. Allied Bank Corporation, G.R. No. 177921, December 4, 2013

A. Payment or performance, NCC 1232-1251

1. As to prestation

(a) Identity

National Marketing Corporation v Federation of United Namarco Distributors, Inc., G.R. No. L-22578
January 31, 1973
Philippine Airlines, Inc. vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 49188, 30 January 1990, 181 SCRA 557.

6
Equitable v Ng Sheung Ngor, 541 SCRA 223

Exceptions:

(i) Dacion en pago, NCC 1245

(ii) Novation

(b) Integrity, NCC 1233, cf. 1234, 1235, 1254(2)

(c) Indivisibility, cf. NCC 1248, 1225(2), 1248, 1208, 1211,


1290, 1720, 2065

(2) As to parties

(a) Payor, Obligor, Debtor


Effect if Third Person, NCC 1236-1238, 1427

(b) Payee, Obligee, Creditor, NCC 1240, 1626


Effect if Third Person, NCC 1241-1242

Arbilon v Manglangit, GR 197920, Jan. 22, 2018

(3) As to time and place of performance, NCC 1251, 1169

PCIB v Franco, G.R. No. 180069, March 5, 2014

NOTE: Special forms of payment

(1) Dacion en pago, NCC 1245

PNB v Dee, G.R. No. 182128, February 19, 2014


Filinvest v Philippine Acetylene, 111 SCRA 421 (1982)

(2) Application of payments, NCC 1252-1254

Reparations Commission v Universal Deep Sea Fishing,


83 SCRA 764 (1978)
Paculdo v Regalado, 345 SCRA 134 (2000)
Sps. Sinamban vs. China Bank, G.R. No. 193890,
March 11, 2015

(3) Cession, NCC 1255

(4) Tender of payment and consignation, NCC 1256-


1261

Soco v Militante, G.R. No. L-58961 June 28, 1983


Meat Packing Corp. v Sandiganbayan, 359 SCRA 409 Sps.
Cacayurin v AFPMB, G.R. No. 171298, April 15, 2013
Bonrostro v Juan, G.R. No. 172346, July 24, 2013
Del Carmen v Sabordo, G.R. No. 181723, Aug. 11, 2014

7
B. Loss of Thing Due, NCC 1262-1269

1. Impossibility of Performance

(a) Original
(b) Supervening

C. Condonation or remission of the debt, NCC 1270-1274

Yam v CA, G.R. No. 104726, February 11, 1999


Golez v. Nemeño, G.R. No. 178317, September 23, 2015

D. Confusion or merger of rights of the creditor, NCC 1275-1277

E. Compensation, NCC 1278-1290

Gan Tion v CA, 28 SCRA 235 (1969)


Mirasol v CA, 351 SCRA 44 (2001)
Montemayor v Millora, G.R. No. 168251, July 27, 2011
Union Bank v DBP, G.R. No. 191555, January 20, 2014
First United v. Bayanihan, G.R. No. 164985, January 15, 2014
Philippine Trust Company vs. Sps. Roxas, G.R. No. 171897, October 14, 2015
California Manufacturing Company, Inc. v Advanced Technology System, Inc., G.R.
No. 202454, April 25, 2017
Rey v Anson, GR 211206, Nov. 7, 2018

F. Novation, NCC 1291 – 1304

1. Subjective or Personal

Sandico v Piguing, G.R. No. L-26115 November 29, 1971 [en banc]
Millar v CA, G.R. No. L-29981 April 30, 1971 [en banc]
Starbright Sales v Philippine Realty Corporation, G.R. No. 177936, January 18, 2012
S.C. Megaworld Construction vs. Parada, G.R. No. 183804, September 11, 2013
Magbanua v Uy, G.R. No. 161003, May 6, 2005
Phil. Charter v Petroleum, G.R. No. 180898, April 18, 2012
Heirs of Franco v Gonzalez, GR 159709, June 27, 2012
ACE Foods, Inc. v. Micro Pacific, G.R. No. 200602, December 11, 2013
Wellex Group vs. U-Land Airlines, supra
BPI v. Domingo, G.R. No. 169407, March 25, 2015
Sps. Valenzuela v Kalayaan, G.R. No. 163244, June 22, 2009
Arco Pulp v Lim, G.R. No. 206806, June 25, 2014

2. Objective or real
3. Mixed

G. Invalid payment, NCC 1243


H. Annulment
I. Rescission
J. Fulfillment of a Resolutory Condition
K. Prescription
L. Death in certain Instances
M. Renunciation by the creditor, NCC 6

8
N. Compromise
O. Arrival of a Resolutory Term
P. Mutual Desistance

Saura v DBP, April 27, 1972

Q. Unilateral Withdrawal

GBMLT Manpower vs. Malinao, G.R. No. 189262, July 6, 2015

R. Change of Civil Status


S. Rebus Sic Stantibus, NCC 1267

Naga TelCo v CA, G.R. No. 107112, February 24, 1994


PNCC v CA, G.R. No. 116896, May 5, 1997
Osmena v SSS, G.R. No. 165272, September 13, 2007
So v FoodFest, G.R. No. 183268, April 7, 2010
Comglasco Corporation v. Santos Car Check Center, G.R. No.
202989, March 25, 2015
Tagaytay Realty v. Gacutan, G.R. No. 160033, July 01, 2015
Iloilo Jar Corporation v. COMGLASCO, G.R. No. 219509, January
18, 2017

T. Want of Interest
U. Judicial Insolvency

NATURAL OBLIGATIONS, Arts. 1423-1430

Part II - CONTRACTS

I. General Provisions

A. Definition, NCC 1305

Heirs of Intac v CA, G.R. No. 17321, October 11, 2012


MIAA v Avia, G.R. No. 180168, February 27, 2012
Heirs of Uy v Castillo, G.R. No. 176425, June 5, 2013
Specified Contractors v Pobocan, GR 212772, Jan. 11, 2018

B. Characteristics

1. Obligatory force, NCC 1315, 1314

R.S. Tomas, Inc. v Rizal, G.R. No. 173155, March 21,


2012

2. Mutuality, NCC 1308-1310

PNB v Manalo, G.R. No. 174433, February 24, 2014


Silos v PNB, G.R. No. 181045, July 2, 2014

3. Relativity, NCC 1311

PNB v. Dee, et al., G.R. No. 182128, February 19, 2014


MBTC vs. Chiok, G.R. No. 171652, November 26, 2014

9
FBDC v. Fong, G.R. No. 209370, March 25, 2015
Rojales v Dime, GR 194548, February 10, 2016

Exceptions:

(a) Accion Pauliana


(b) Accion Directa
(c) Article 1312
(d) Stipulation pour autrui, NCC 1311(2)

4. Autonomy of will, NCC 1306

Malbarosa v CA, G.R. No. 125761, 2003


Capalla v COMELEC, G.R. No. 201112, June 2012
(concurring of J. Sereno)

C. Elements of a Contract

Gironella v. PNB, G.R. No. 194515, September 16, 2015

1. Essential, NCC 1318

(a) Consent of the contracting parties, NCC 1319


(b) Offer, NCC 1321, 1323-1326
(c) Acceptance, NCC 1320, 1322, 1319

Rosenstock v Burke, 46 Phil 217 (1924)


Sanchez v Rigos, 45 SCRA 368 (1972)
Capalla v COMELEC, G.R. No. 201112, June
2012 (concurring of J. Sereno)
Malbarosa v CA, 402 SCRA 108 (2003)
Traders Royal Bank v Cuison, June 5, 2009
Talampas vs. Moldex Realty, G.R. No. 170134,
June 17, 2015

(d) Object, NCC 1347 – 1349

Blas v Santos, 1 SCRA 899 (1961)


Tanedo v CA, 252 SCRA 80 (1996)

(e) Cause, NCC 1350 – 1355

Liguez v CA, 102 Phil 577 (1957)


Carantes v CA, 76 SCRA 524 (1977)
Sps. Buenaventura v CA, 416 SCRA 263 (2003)

NOTE: Natural Elements

(1) Right to resolve, NCC 1191


(2) Warranties in sales contracts

D. Stages of a Contract, NCC 1315, 1316

10
Bugatti v CA, et al, G.R. No. 138113, October 17, 2000

E. Classification of Contracts

1. According to degree of dependence

(a) Preparatory
(b) Principal
(c) Accessory

2. According to perfection

(a) Consensual
(b) Real

3. According to form

(a) Common or informal


(b) Special or formal

4. According to purpose

(a) Transfer of ownership


(b) Conveyance of use
(c) Rendition of service

WT Construction, Inc. v. The Province of Cebu, G.R. No. 208984,


September 16, 2015

5. According to subject matter

(a) Things
(b) Services

6. According to the nature of the obligation

(a) Bilateral
(b) Unilateral

7. According to cause

(a) Onerous
(b) Gratuitous

8. According to risk

(a) Commutative
(b) Aleatory

9. According to name

(a) Nominate
(b) Innominate, NCC 1307

11
Tinsay v. Yusay, 47 Phil. 639 (1925)
Dizon v Gaborro, 83 SCRA 688 (1978)

II. Form of Contracts, NCC 1356-1358

Hernaez v de Los Angeles, 27 SCRA 1276 (1969)


Zamora v Miranda, G.R. No. 162930, December 5, 2012
SMPI vs. BF Homes, G.R. No. 169343, August 5, 2015
Kabisig Real Wealth v Young Builders, G.R. No. 212375, JAn.
25, 2017

A. For validity
B. For enforceability
C. For registrability

III. Reformation of Instruments, NCC 1359-1369

Garcia v Bisaya, 97 Phil 609 (1955)


Bentir v Leande, 330 SCRA 591 (2000)
Sarming v Dy, 383 SCRA 131 (2002)
Makati Condominium v Multi-Realty, GR 185530, April 18, 2018

IV. Interpretation of Contracts, NCC 1370 – 1379, Rule 130,


Secs. 10-19, Rules of Court

Wellex Group vs. U-Land Airlines, G.R. No. 167519, January 14, 2015
Sps. Bonifacio vs. Kimwa Construction, G.R. No. 171601, April 8, 2015

V. Defective Contracts

A. Rescissible Contracts, NCC 1380-1389

Oria v McMicking, 21 Phil 243 (1912)


Siguan v Lim, 318 SCRA 725 (1999)
Velarde v CA, 361 SCRA 56 (2001)
Miguel v Montanez, G.R. No. 191336, January 25, 2012
Ada v Baylon, G .R. No. 182435, August 13, 2012

B. Voidable Contracts, NCC 1390 – 1402

Caldwallader v Smith, Bell, 7 Phil 461 (1907)


PNB v Phil. Vegetable, G.R. No. L-25400, January 14, 1927
Singsong v Isabela Sawmill, 88 SCRA 623 (1979)
Metropolitan v. Prosperity, G.R. No. 154390, March 17, 2014

Ratification, NCC 1392-1396

Uy Soo Lim v Tan Unchuan, 38 Phil 552 (1918)


Viloria v CAI, G.R. No. 188288, January 16, 2012
ECE Realty v Mandap, G.R. No. 196182, September 1, 2014

1. Incapable of giving consent, NCC 1327


2. Insanity, NCC 1328-1329

12
3. Mistake, NCC 1330-1343
4. Violence, NCC 1335(1)
5. Intimidation, NCC 1335(2)
6. Undue influence, NCC 1337
7. Fraud, NCC 1332, 1338-1344

Tongson v Emergency Pawnshop, G.R. No. 167874, January 15, 2010


Roman Catholic Church v Pante, April 11, 2012
ECE Realty and Development Inc. v Rachel Mandap,
G.R. No. 196182, September 1, 2014
Metropolitan v. Prosperity, G.R. No. 154390, March 17, 2014

C. Unenforceable Contract, NCC 1403 – 1408, 1317

PNB v Phil. Vegetable Oil, 49 Phil 857 (1927)


Carbonnel v Poncio, 103 Phil 655 (1958)
Limketkai v CA, March 29, 1996
Swedish Match v CA, 441 SCRA 1 (2004)
Neri v Heirs of Uy, G.R. No. 194366, October 2012
Iglesia v Heirs Of Bernardino Taeza, G.R. No. 179597, Feb. 3,
2014
Natividad v Natividad, GR 198434, February 29, 2016

D. Void Contracts, NCC 1409-1410, 1411-1412, 1413-1416,


1417-1419, 1420-1422

1. NCC 1345-1346
2. NCC 1490-1491
3. NCC 1378
4. NCC 1409

De Leon v. Dela Llana, G.R. No. 212277, February 11, 2015


Tolentino vs. Sps. Latagan, G.R. No. 179874, June 22, 2015
Tingalan vs. Sps. Melliza, G.R. No. 195247, June 29, 2015
Clemente vs. CA, G.R. No. 175483, October 14, 2015
Tanchuling v Cantela, GR 209284, November 10, 2015
Reyes v Asuncion, GR 196083, November 11, 2015
Fullido v Grilli, GR 215014, February 29, 2016
Pena v De Los Santos, GR 202223, March 2, 2016
Heirs of Arao v Heirs of Eclipse, GR 211425, Nov. 19, 2018

5. NCC 1422
6. NCC 1782
7. FC 87

Liguez v CA, supra


Rellosa v Gaw Cheen Hum, 93 Phil 827 (1953)
Frenzel v Catito, 406 SCRA 55 (2003)
Gonzalo v Tarnate, Jr., G.R. No. 160600, January 15 2014

Contracts of Adhesion

Piltel v Tecson, May 7, 2004


Alpha Insurance v Castor, G.R. No. 198174, September 2, 2013
Ejercito vs. Oriental Assurance Corporation, G.R. No. 192099,
July 8, 2015

13
Cabanting v BPI, GR 201927, February 17, 2016
Buenaventura v Metrobank, G.R. No. 167082, August 3, 2016

PART III – SPECIAL CONTRACTS

SALES

1. Definition and Essential Requisites - NCC 1458, 1460, 1475, 1459, 1483, 1505, 1468, 1467, 1462,
1478, 1483.

Sanchez v Mapalad Realty, 541 SCRA 397


David v Misamis Occidental, July 11, 2012
ACE Foods, Inc. v. Micro Pacific, G.R. No. 200602, December 11, 2013
Heirs of Lopez vs. DBP, G.R. No. 193551, November 19, 2014

2. Parties to a Contract of Sale

A. Who has capacity to enter into a sale contract?

Catholic Church vs Pante, G.R. No. 174118, April 11, 2012


Sps. Torda vs. Sps. Jaque, G.R. No. 199852, November 12, 2014
Repuela v Estate of Larawan, G.R. No. 219638, Dec. 7, 2016

B. Void or Prohibited Sales, 1490, 1491, 1492

Laig v CA, November 21, 1978


Dir. v Ababa, February 27, 1979
Sarili v. Lagrosa, G.R. No. 193517, January 15, 2014

3. Subject Matter of a Contract of Sale, 1458, 1459, 1460, 1461, 1462, 1465

4. Price, 1475, 1496, 1471

Guizon v Terry, G.R. No. 191914, August 9, 2017

5. Equitable Mortgage, NCC 1602, 1603, 1604

Arches v Diaz, April 30, 1973


Rockville v Miranda, Oct. 2, 2009
Macaslang v Zamora, May 30, 2011
Aludos v Suerte, June 18, 20
Garcia v Villar, G.R. No. 158891, June 27, 2012
Sps. Torda vs. Sps. Jaque, G.R. No. 199852, November 12, 2014
Heirs of Soliva vs. Soliva, G.R. No. 159611, April 22, 2015
Repuela v Estate of Larawan, G.R. No. 219638, Dec. 7, 2016

14
6. Formation of contract of sale

1. Contract of Sale/Contract to Sell

Laforteza v Machuca, 333 SCRA 643 (2000)


Sps. Valenzuela v Kalayaan, G.R. No. 163244, June 22, 2009
Montecalvo v Heirs of Eugenia Primero, 624 SCRA 575 (July 9, 2010)
Diego v Diego, G.R. No. 179965, February 20, 2013
SP. Tumibay vs Sp. Lopez , G.R. No.171692, June 3, 2013
Optimum Development Bank v. Spouses Jovellanos, G.R. No. 189145,
December 4, 2013
Roque v Aguado, G.R. No. 193787, April 7, 2014

7. Option to Buy/Sell, Right of First Refusal - NCC 1479, 1324

Sanchez v Rigos, 45 SCRA 368 (1972)


Laforteza v Machuca, 333 SCRA 643 (2000)
Ang Yu v CA, G.R. No. 109125, December 2, 1994 (en banc)
Equatorial v Mayfair, 264 SCRA 483 (1996) (en banc)
Paranaque King v CA, 268 SCRA 727 (1997)
Litonjua Inc. vs. L & R Corporation, G.R. No. 130722 December 9, 1999 - EN BANC
Rosencor v Inquing, G.R. No. 140479 March 8, 2001
Eulogio v Apeles, 576 SCRA 561
Tuazon v del-Rosario-Suarez, G.R. 168325, December 3, 2010
PUP v Golden Horizon, 615 SCRA 478 (2010)

8. Earnest Money – NCC 1482

Cifra v CA, 198 SCRA 91


Serrano v Caguiat, 517 SCRA 57
First Optima Realty Corporation vs. Securitron Security Services, Inc., G.R. No. 199648,
January 28, 2015

9. Form of Contract of Sale – NCC 1483

10. Performance of Contract of Sale – NCC 1497, 1498, 1499, 1500, 1501, 1503, 1522, 1523, 1539,
1540, 1542

NFF Industrial Corporation v. G & L Associated Brokerage, G.R. No. 178169, January 12, 2015

11. Double Sales - NCC 1544

De Leon v Ong, 611 SCRA 381 (February 2, 2010)


Roman Catholic Church v Pante, supra
Sabitsana v Muertegui, G.R. No. 181359, August 5, 2013
Alfaro et al v Spouses Dumalagan, et al, G.R. No. 186622, January 22, 2014
Sps. Suntay vs. Keyser Mercantile, Inc., G.R. No. 208462,
December 10, 2014
Sps. Magdalino vs. Bragat, G.R. No. 187013, April 22, 2015
Mendoza vs. Sps. Armando, G.R. No. 179751, August 5, 2015
Domingo v Manzano, G.R. No. 201883, Nov. 16, 2016

12. Risk of Loss – NCC 1480, 1493, 1494

15
13. Documents of title – Art. 1507, 1508, 1516, 1519, 1520

14. Remedies of unpaid seller – NCC 1525, 1526-1528, 1530-1535

15. Warranties – NCC 1545-1581; Recoupment, NCC 1599 –

Bignay v Union Bank, G.R. No. 171590, February 12, 2014


Phil. Steel Coating v Quinones, G.R. No. 194533, April
19, 2017

16. Breach of Contract of Sale

1. Sale of Movables - NCC 1484 - 1486

Tajanglangit v Southern Motors, 54 O.G. No. 8, p. 2582


Filinvest v Phil. Acetylene, 111 SCRA 421 (1982)
De La Cruz v Asian Consumer 214 SCRA 103

2. NCC 1592, Rep. Act 6552, An Act To Provide Protection To Buyers Of Real Estate On
Installment Payments.

De los Santos v CA, G.R. No. 147912, April 26, 2006


Fedman v Agcaoili, August 31, 2011 GICA
Manuel Uy & Sons, Inc. vs. Valbueco, G.R. No. 179594, September 11, 2013 -
BEA
Sebastian vs. BPI Family Bank, G.R. No. 160107, October 22, 2014 - ZANDRA
Tagaytay Realty v. Gacutan, G.R. No. 160033, July 01, 2015 - ZAIRA

17. Extinguishment of sale – NCC 1600

18. Conventional Redemption (i.e., sale pacto de retro) – Arts. 1601, 1606, 1616, see also: 1607,
1628

David v David, G.R. No. 162365, January 15, 2014 - THIRDY


CSCST vs. Misterio, G.R. No. 179025, June 17, 2015 - ROSE
Rojales v Dime, GR 194548, February 10, 2016 - RACHEL
Heirs of Jarque v Jarque, GR 196733, Nov. 21, 2018 - PATTY

19. Legal Redemption – Arts. 1619-1623

Butte v Uy, February 28, 1962 - PAOLO


Conejero v CA, April 29, 1966 - MICA
Alonzo v CA, May 29, 1987 (supra, Family Relations) - MARY

20. Assignment of Credits, NCC 1624-1635

Serfino v FEBTC, G.R. No. 171845, October 10, 2012 - MARHEN

* PD 957 (Subdivision Law) and RA 4726 (Condominium Act) under Property. Excluded: Electronic Commerce Act
of 2000 (R.A. No. 8792); Public Land Law, Retail Trade and Liberalization Act, Bulk Sales Law (Act No. 3952)

LEASE

16
1. Definitions – NCC 1642 – 1649

Tan Siok Kuan v Ho, GR No. 175085, June 1, 2016 - JOVI


Jusayan vs. Sombilla, G.R. No. 163928, January 21, 2015 - FABS
Locsin II v. Mekeni Food Corporation, G.R. No. 192105,
December 9, 2013 - KIMMY
Racelis v Javier, GR 189609, Jan. 29, 2018 - KARLYN

2. Some Distinctions

Yulo v. Yang, August 28, 1959 – en banc - KARL

3. Some Rules – NCC 1649-1653; 1670-1672; 1682

4. Rights and Obligations of Lessor and Lessee – NCC 1674-1679

Manlaraz v Salazar, 52 O.G. No.2, p. 802 - JUNA


Nava v Yaptinchay, 44 O.G. No. 9, p. 3332 - AJ
Sime Darby v Goodyear, 2011 - ALOI
Aludos v Suerte, 2012 - REGINE
VSD Realty v Uniwide, G.R. No. 170677, October 24, 2012 - APRILLE
Inocencio vs. Hospicio de San Jose, G.R. No. 201787, September 25, 2013 - AUBREY
Spouses Aquino v. Spouses Aguilar, G.R. No. 182754, June 29, 2015 - CAMILLE
Peralta v Raval, G.R. No. 188467, March 29, 2017 - CHE

* Excluded: Household Service, Contract of Labor, and Contract for Piece of Work (included under Labor Law).

PARTNERSHIP

1. Existence/ Elements of a Partnership - NCC 1767, 1784

Heirs of Jose Lim, G.R. No. 172690, March 3, 2010 - CHI


J. Tiosejo v Sps. Ang, G.R. No. 174149, September 8, 2010 - CLARICE
Realubit v Jaso, 2011 - DARREN
Saludo v PNB, GR 193138, August 20, 2018 - DENISE

2. Distinguish universal from general partnership

3. Term of partnership

4. Distinguish a capitalist partner from an industrial partner

5. Rules of Liability

Island Sales v. Pioneers, July 31, 1975, 65 SCRA 554 - DIVINE

6. Limited Partnership

7. Dissolution, NCC 1832-1834

Singsong v. Isabela Sawmill, 88 SCRA 623 (1979) – EL JOHN

17
AGENCY

1. Definition - Arts. 1868-1869, 1874, 1875

Yoshizaki v. Joy Training Center, G.R. No. 174978, July 31, 2013 - EPHRAIM

2. Scope of Authority

i. Liabilities of Agent
ii. Scope of the powers of an agent
iii. Obligations of one dealing with an agent

Country Bankers v Keppel, G.R. No. 166044, June 18, 2012 - GABBY
Republic v Banez, GR 169442, October 14, 2015 - GAIL
NFA v. IAC, 184 SCRA 166 - GENA

iv. Rights and obligations of the principal

Prieto v CA, GR 158597, June 18, 2012 - GEROME


Urban Bank v Pena, G.R. No. 145817, October 19, 2011 - JOYCE
Villaluz v LandBank, G.R. No. 192602, Jan. 18, 2017 - JANE
Citystate Savings v Tobias, GR 227990, March 7, 2018 - JAYPEE
Ayala Land v ASB Realty, GR 210043, Sept. 26, 2018 - MIA

v. Irrevocable Agency/ Agency Coupled with an Interest

Bautista v NICORP, GR 214057, October 19, 2015 - JORESA


Viloria v Continental Airlines, G.R. No. 188288, January 16, 2012 - JOSHUA
Recio v Altamirano, G.R. No. 182349, July 24, 2013 - JOSSA
Patrimonio v Gutierrez, G.R. No. 187769, June 4, 2014 - JUDE
Salvador v. Gonzales, G.R. No. 199990, February 04,
2015
V-Gent, Inc. vs. Morning Star Travel, G.R. No. 186305,
July 22, 2015

vi. Implied Agency

Saldana v Niamatali, GR 226587, Nov. 21, 2018

3. Extinguishment, NCC 1919-1932

Dela Rama SS v. Tan, May 21, 1956, 99 PHIL 1034


Perez v. PNB. July 30, 1966, 17 SCRA 835
Lim v Saban, G.R. No. 163720, December 16, 2004
Bitte v Jonas, GR 212256, December 9, 2015

COMPROMISE

1. Void - NCC 2035, 2037, 2041

18
Samonte v. Samonte, June 25, 1975, 64 SCRA 24
Garcia v Garcia, November 14, 2011
Riviera Golf Club vs. CCA Holdings, G.R. No. 173783, June 17, 2015
Cathay Land v Ayala Land, G.R. No. 210209, August 9, 2017

PREFERENCE OF CREDITS

1. Rep. Act No. 11057, The Personal Property Security Act


NCC 2241-2251
NCC 110, Labor Code

Carried Lumber v. ACCFA, April 22, 1975, 63 SCRA 411


Consuelo Metal v Planters, 555 SCRA 465

2. Insolvency Law, Act. No. 1956 as amended;


Republic Act No. 10142 (Financial Rehabilitation and Insolvency Act of 2010), Sec. 133
Rep. Act No. 11057, The Personal Property Security Act

Gateway Electronics v Asiabank, 574 SCRA 698


Aquino vs. Pacific Plans, Inc., G.R. No. 193108, December 10, 2014

CREDIT TRANSACTIONS

1. Common Provisions – NCC 1156, 1249, 1305, 1306, 1316, 1933 and 1934

2. Commodatum – NCC 1935-1952

a. Obligations of the bailee: Arts. 1941-1945


b. Obligations of the bailor – Arts. 1946-1952

Pajuyo v CA, 430 SCRA 492

3. Simple Loan or Mutuum, NCC 1953-1955

MetroBank v Rosales et al, G.R. No. 183204, January 13, 2014


Jalandoni v Encomienda, G.R. No. 205578, March 1, 2017
Ong v BPI Family, GR 208638, Jan. 24, 2018
PNB v CUA, GR 199161, April 18, 2018
Abacus Capital v Tabujara, GR 197624, July 23, 2018

4. Interest, NCC 1956-1961, 2209, 2212-2213

Equitable v Ng Sheung Ngor, 541 SCRA 223


Nacar v. Gallery Frames, August 13, 2013, G.R. No. 189871
Benvidez v. Salvador, G.R. No. 173331, December 11, 2013
First United v. Bayanihan, G.R. No. 164985, January 15, 2014
Lumantas v. Calapiz, G.R. No. 163753. January 15, 2014
De la Paz v L&J Development Company, G.R. No. 183360, Sept. 8, 2014
Federal Builders v Foundation Specialists, G.R. No. 194507, Sept. 8, 2014
Sun Life Canada vs. Tan Kit, G.R. No. 183272, October 15, 2014

19
Bernal v Villaflor, GR 213617, April 18, 2018;
Isla v Estorga, GR 233974, July 2, 2018 [perlas-bernabe];
Odiamar v Valencia, GR 213582, Sept. 12, 2018 [perlas-bernabe]

5. Deposit, NCC 1962-1967

a. Kinds
b. Obligations of the Depositary
c. Obligations of the Depositor
d. Necessary Deposit

YHT Realty v CA, 451 SCRA 638

6. Guaranty and Suretyship, NCC 2157-2081

Phil-Am v. Ramos, February 28, 1966, 16 SCRA 298


Toh v Solid Bank, 408 SCRA 554
Autocorp Group v Intra Strata, 556 SCRA 250
Gateway Electronics v Asiabank, 574 SCRA 698
Aglibot v Santia, G.R. No. 185945, December 5, 2012
Trade v. Asia, G.R. No. 187403, February 12, 2014
Lim v Security Bank, G.R. No. 188539, March 12, 2014
Stronghold Insurance Company vs. Sps. Rune, G.R. No. 204689, January 21, 2015
CCC Insurance vs. Kawasaki Steel, G.R. No. 156162, June 22, 2015
Allied Banking Corporation v. Yujuico, G.R. No. 163116, June 29, 2015

7. Quasi-Contracts, NCC 2154-2163

a. Negotiorum Gestio
b. Solutio Indebiti
c. Others

MIAA v COA, G.R. No. 194710, February 14, 2012


PNB v Chong, G.R. No. 170865, April 25, 2012
Asia Trust v Tuble, G.R. No. 183987, July 25, 2012
Metropolitan Bank v Absolute, G.R. No. 170498, January 9, 2013
Rivelisa vs. First Sta. Clara, G.R. No. 189618, January 15, 2014
Golez v. Nemeño, G.R. No. 178317, September 23, 2015

8. The Personal Property Security Act, R.A. 11057, 7 September 2018

A. Impact, Sec. 68, NCC Arts. 2085-2092, 2093-2120, 2121, 2122-2123, 2124-2126,2127, 2128-
2131, 2132-2139, 2140-2141, Act No. 1508, 2241, 2243, 2242, 2244, 2245, 2247

B. Effectivity, Sec. 67

C. Scope of the PPSA, Secs. 2 and 4, NCC 2126

D. Security Interest

1. Definition, Sec. 3

20
2. Extent, Sec. 8, 9

3. Creation – The Security Agreement, Sec. 5, NCC Art. 416 and 417

a. Object, Sec. 4, 3, 7, 12, 14, 18, 23, 24, 25

Manila Banking v Teodoro, et al, GR 53955, Jan. 13, 1989


Yau Chu v CA, GR L-78529, Sept. 26, 1989

b. Form, Sec. 6, 3, 7

c. Asset-Specific Rules – Accounts Receivables, Sec. 10

d. Disclosure of Information by Secured Creditor, Sec. 37

4. Perfection of Security Interest, Sec. 11, 25, 12, 15

a. Perfection by Registration, Sec. 12

b. Perfection by Possession, Sec. 12, NCC 2125, 523, 2093

c. Perfection by Control, Secs. 12, 13, 3

d. Disposition of Perfected Security Interest, Secs. 9, 14

e. Assignment of Security Interest, Sec. 16

E. The Registry

1. Characteristics of the Registry, Secs. 26, 27

2. Notices, Secs. 35, 28, 29, 31, 44

3. Searches and Reports, Secs. 36, 44

4. Amendments and Termination, Secs. 32, 34, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43

F. Priority of Security Interest

1. General Concepts, Sec. 17

2. Perfection by Control, Sec. 18

3. Instruments and Negotiable Documents, Sec. 19

4. By Operation of Law, Secs. 20, 22

5. Purchase Money Security Interest, Sec. 3, 23

6. Livestock, Sec. 24

G. Enforcement of Security Interest

1. Repossession, Sec. 47

21
2. Enforcement Processes

a. General Concepts, Sec. 46

b. Methods of Enforcement

(1) Recovery, Sec. 48, NCC Art. 2118 and 1278

(2) Disposition of Collateral

(a) General Concepts, Sec. 49, 50, NCC 2087

(b) Notice, Sec. 51

(c) Right of Redemption, Sec. 45

(d) Application of Proceeds, Sec. 52

(e) Rights of Buyers, Sec. 53

(3) Retention of Collateral, Sec. 54

H. Transitional Provisions, Secs. 55, 56, 57, 58, 59

9. Legal Pledges, NCC 2121-2122, 546, 612, 1731, 19112-1914, 1951, 1944, 1994, 2004

10. Pactum Commissorium – Arts. 2087-2088, 2115, 1454

Garcia v. Villar, G.R. No. 158891, June 27, 2012

11. Real Estate Mortgage, Act 3135 as amended

Paradigm v BPI, G.R. No. 191174, June 07, 2017


Isaguirre v de Lara, 331 SCRA 803
Garcia v. Villar, G.R. No. 158891, June 27, 2012
Land Bank v Poblete, G.R. No. 196577, February 25, 2013
Maglasang v Manila Bank, G.R. No. 171206, September 23, 2013
PBCOM v. Yeung, G.R. No. 179691, December 4, 2013
UCPB v. Lumbo, G.R. No. 162757, December 11, 2013
DBP v. Guariña Agricultural, G.R. No. 160758, January 15, 2014
Marquez v Alindog, G.R. No. 184045, Jan 22 2014
Homeowners v Felonia et al, G.R. No. 189477, February 26, 2014
Okabe v Saturnino, G.R. No. 196040, August 26, 2014 [en banc]
GE Money Bank vs. Sps. Dizon, G.R. No. 184301, March 23, 2015
Bascara vs. Pangilinan, G.R. No. 188069, June 17, 2015
Claudio v. Spouses Saraza, G.R. No. 213286, August 26, 2015
Carodan v China Bank, GR 210542, February 24, 2016
Ruiz v Dimailig, G. R. No. 204280, Nov. 9, 2016
Penaflor v Dela Cruz, G.R. No. 197797, August 9, 2017
Teves v Integrated Credit, GR 216714, April 4, 2018;
Tabuada v Tabuada, GR 196510, Sept. 12, 2018

PART IV - OTHERS

22
TORTS

1. Principles of torts and quasi-delicts


2. Elements of Torts and Quasi-Delicts

Vinzons-Chato v Fortune, 525 SCRA 11


Garcia v Salvador, 518 SCRA 568
Ocean Builders v Spouses Cubacub, G.R. No. 150898, April 13, 2011
Unicapital Inc., et al. vs. Consing, Jr,. G.R. No. 175277, September 11, 2013
Coca Cola Bottlers v CA, 227 SCRA 292
Fernando v Northwest, G.R. No. 212038, Feb. 8, 2017
Abrogar v Cosmos, G.R. No. 164749, March 15, 2017

3. Tortfeasors, NCC 2180, FC 218, 219, 221/ Vicarious Liability

a. Parents/Guardians

Libi v IAC, 214 SCRA 16

b. Teachers

St. Joseph’s College v Jayson Miranda, G.R. No. 182353, June


29, 2010
Aquinas School v Inton, G.R. No. 184202, January 26, 2011
Rosaldes vs. People of the Philippines, G.R. No. 173988,
October 9, 2014

c. Owners/Managers of Establishments/ Employers

Mercury Drug v Huang, 525 SCRA 427


Llana v. Biong, G.R. No. 182356, December 4, 2013
Travel & Tours v Cruz, GR 199282, March 14, 2016
Reyes v Doctolero, G.R.No. 185597, August 2, 2017

4. Doctrine of Proximate Cause

Calalas v CA, G.R. No. 122039, May 31, 2000


Consolidated Bank v CA, 410 SCRA 562
Mamaril v Boy Scouts, G.R. No. 179382, January 14, 2013
Cagayan II Electric Cooperative, Inc. vs. Rapanan,
G.R. No. 199886, December 3, 2014
Ruks Konsult and Construction vs. Adworld Sign and Advertising Corporation, G.R. No.
204866, January 21, 2015
Abrogar v Cosmos, G.R. No. 164749, March 15, 2017

5. Tests to determine proximate cause

Lapanday v Angala, 525 SCRA 229

6. Contributory negligence of plaintiff

NPC v Heirs of Casionan, G.R. No. 165969, November 27, 2008


Lambert v Heirs of Ray, 452 SCRA 285

23
Allied Bank v BPI, G.R. No. 188363, February 27, 2013
Sps. Vergara vs, Sonkin, G.R. No. 193659, June 15, 2015
Rebultan v Daganta, GR 197908, July 4, 2018

7. Human Relations

Ardiente v Pastorfide, G.R. No. 161921, July 17, 2013


Gonzalo v Tarnate, Jr., G.R. No. 160600, January 15, 2014
Sesbreno v CA, G.R. No. 160689, March 26, 2014
Loria vs. Munoz, G.R. No. 187240, October 15, 2014
Rojales v Dime, GR 194548, February 10, 2016
Jalandoni v Encomienda, G.R. No. 205578, March 1, 2017
MetroHeights Subdivision v VMS Construction, GR 209359, Oct. 17, 2018

8. Interference with contractual relations

Lagon v CA, 453 SCRA 616


Go v Cordero, G.R. No. 164703, May 4, 2010
Malvar v Kraft Food, G.R. No. 183952, September 9, 2013

9. Negligence

PNR v Brunty, 506 SCRA 685


PNR v CA, G.R. No. 157658, October 15, 2007
Professional Services v Agana cases, 2007, 2008, and 2010
Perena v Zarate, G.R. No. 157917, August 29, 2012
Daluya v Oliva, GR 210148, Dec. 8, 2014
MMTC v. Cuevas, G.R. No. 167797, June 15, 2015
Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital v Capanzana, G.R. No. 189218,
March 22, 2017

10. Degrees of Negligence

Ilao-Oreta v Ronquillo, 535 SCRA 633


DBP v. Guariña Agricultural, G.R. No. 160758, January 15, 2014
Solidum v. People, G.R. No. 192123, March 10, 2014
G.V. Florida Transport, INC. v Heirs of Battung, G.R. No. 208802,
October 14, 2015

11. Fortuitous event

Southeastern College v CA, 292 SCRA 422


Metro Concast Steel Corp., et al. v. Allied Bank Corporation, G.R. No. 177921,
December 4, 2013

12. Plaintiff’s assumption of risk/volenti non fit injuria

Calalas v CA, G.R. No. 122039, May 31, 2009


Far East Bank v Tentmakers, G.R. No. 171050, July 4, 2012
Abrogar v Cosmos, G.R. No. 164749, March 15, 2017

24
13. Res Ipsa Loquitur

Professional Services v Agana, 513 SCRA 478


CAP v Belfrantl, 538 SCRA 27
Solidum v People, G.R. No. 192123, March 10, 2014
Cruz vs. Agas, G.R. No. 204095, June 15, 2015
Rosit v Davao Doctors, GR 210445, December 7, 2015

14. Standard of Conduct

Sicam v Jorge, G.R. No. 159617, August 8, 2007


Corinthian Gardens v Tanjangco, G.R. No. 160795, June 27, 2008
Arguelles v. Malarayat Rural Bank, Inc., G.R. No. 200468,
March 19, 2014
BJDC Construction v. Lanuzo, et al., G.R. No. 161151,
March 24, 2014
Casumpang v. Cortejo, G.R. No. 171127, March 11, 2015

15. Special Circumstances

Heirs of Completo v Albayda, G.R. No. 172200, July 6, 2010


Pacis v Morales, G.R. No. 169467, February 25, 2010
Abrogar v Cosmos, G.R. No. 164749, March 15, 2017

16. Strict Liability

Vestil v IAC, 179 SCRA 47


Caedo v Yu Khe Thai, 135 Phil 399
QC v Decara, G.R. No. 150304, June 15, 2005
Dingcong v Kanaan, 72 Phil 14
Alarcon v Alarcon, 112 Phil 389
ALSO: Secs. 97, 99, 106 – Consumers’ Act, Rep. Act 7394

17. Damages, NCC 2195-2196, 2198

Custodio v CA, 235 SCRA 483


People v Vergara, G.R. No. 177763, July 3, 2013
Jose T. Ramirez v. The Manila Banking Corporation, G.R. No. 198800, December 11, 2013.
MetroBank v Rosales et al, G.R. No. 183204, January 13, 2014
Alano v Logmao, G.R. No. 175540, April 7, 2014
BPI Express Card vs. Armovit, G.R. No. 163654, October 8, 2014
Rosaldes vs. People of the Philippines, supra
Rosit v Davao Doctors, GR 210445, December 7, 2015
Yamauchi v Suniga, GR 199513, April 18, 2018

18. Actual or compensatory, NCC 2199

Oceaneering Contractors v Baretto, G.R. No. 184215, February 9, 2011


ICTSI v. Chua, G.R. No. 195031, March 26, 2014
Loadstar Shipping Company vs. Malayan Insurance, G.R. No. 185565, November 26, 2014
Now Mountain Dairy Corporation vs. GMA Veterans Force,

25
G.R. No. 192446, November 19, 2014
Saldana v Niamatali, GR 226587, Nov. 21, 2018

19. Attorney’s fees, NCC 2208

Sps Andrada v Pilhino Sales, G.R. No. 156448, February 23, 2011
Rosario v De Guzman, G.R. No. 191247, July 10, 2013
Lim v. Security Bank Corporation, G.R. No. 188539, March 12, 2014
ICTSI v. Chua, G.R. No. 195031, March 26, 2014

20. Moral Damages, NCC 2209-2213

Sps Valenzuela v Sps Mano, G.R. No. 17266, July 9, 2010


Sulpicio Lines v Curso, G.R. No. 157009, March 17, 2010
Regala v Carin, G.R. No. 188715, April 6, 2011
People v Vergara, G.R. No. 177763, July 3, 2013
Lim, et. al. v. DBP, G.R. No. 177050, July 1, 2013
Lumantas, M.D. v Calapiz, G.R. No. 163753, January 15 2014
ICTSI v. Chua, G.R. No. 195031, March 26, 2014
Almendras vs. Almendras, G.R. No. 179491, January 14, 2015
Carbonell v Metrobank, G.R. No. 178467, April 26, 2017
Fernando v Northwest, G.R. No. 212038, Feb. 8, 2017
Darines v Quinones, G.R. No. 206468, August 2, 2017]
Visitacion v People, GR 194214, Jan. 10, 2018

21. Nominal Damages

Sps Guanio v Makati Shangri-La, G.R. No. 190601, February 7, 2011


People v Marquez, G.R. No. 181440, April 13, 2011
One Network v. Baric, G.R. No. 193684, March 5, 2014.

22. Temperate damages

Tan v OMC Carriers, G.R. No. 190521, January 12, 2011


Serrano v People, G.R. No. 1752021, July 5, 2010
ICTSI v. Chua, G.R. No. 195031, March 26, 2014
Seven Brothers Shipping Corporation vs. DMC Construction,
G.R. No. 193914, November 26, 2014
Evangelista v Andolong, G.R. No. 221770, Nov. 16, 2016

23. Liquidated damages, NCC 2226


Pentacapital v Mahinay, G.R. No. 171736, July 5, 2010

24. Exemplary/Corrective damages, NCC 2230

People v Capanas, G.R. No. 172321, February 9, 2011


People v Vergara, G.R. No. 177763, July 3, 2013
Fernando v Northwest, G.R. No. 212038, Feb. 8, 2017

25. Death by crime or quasi-delict, NCC 2206

People v Apacible, G.R. No. 189091, August 25, 2010

26
Crisostomo v People, G.R. No. 171526, September 1, 2010
Philippine Hawk v Lee, G.R. No. 166869, February 16, 2010
Emilia Lim v Mindanao Wines, 2012
Ochoa v G&S Transport, 2012
Makati Shangrila v Harper, GR 189998, Aug. 29, 2012
Gonzaga vs. People of the Philippines, G.R. No. 195671,
January 21, 2015
Carna v Lim, G.R. No. 218014, Dec. 7, 2016
Abrogar v Cosmos, G.R. No. 164749, March 15, 2017

LAND TITLES AND DEEDS

1. Torrens System

a. Nature of Torrens System


b. Concept of Torrens System

Legarda v. Saleeby, 31 Phil 590 (1915)


Capitol v. Province of Negros Occidental, 7 SCRA 60 (1963)
Valientes v Ramas, G.R. No. 157852, December 15, 2010
Landbank v Poblete, G.R. No. 196577, February 25, 2013
Zulueta v Espina, February 25, 2012
Cagatao v Almonte, October 9, 2013
Paraguya v. Sps. Crucillo, G.R. No. 200265, December 2, 2013
Heirs of Sarili, et al v Lagrosa, G.R. No. 193517, January 15, 2014
Vilbar v Opinion, G.R. No. 176043, January 15, 2014
Leong vs. See, G.R. No. 194077, December 3, 2014
Hortizuela vs. Togufa, G.R. No. 205867, February 23, 3015
Mendoza vs. Sps. Armando, G.R. No. 179751, August 5, 2015
Dumo v Republic, GR 218269, June 6, 2018
Republic v Cosalan, GR 216999, July 4, 2018
Kawayan Corporation v CA, GR 203090, Sept. 5, 2018

c. Types of Torrens Certificates of Title

d. Modes of Acquiring Title

e. Laws Implementing Land Registration

Abella v San Juan, GR 182629, February 24, 2016 [PD 27]


Hilario v Frianeza, GR179741, December 9, 2015
De Guzman v CA, GR 185757, March 2, 2016 [Public Land Act]

f. Administration of The Torrens System

g. Non-Registrable Properties

h. Dealings with Unregistered Lands

Dadizon v CA, GR No. 159116, Sept. 30, 2009


Republic v. Roxas, G.R. No. 157988, December 11, 2013

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Republic v Sogod Development, GR 175760, February 17,
2016
Republic v Go, G.R. No. 197297, August 2, 2017
Republic v Claro Yap, GR 231116, Feb. 7, 2018

2. Regalian Doctrine

Malabanan v. Republic of the Philippines, G.R. No. 179987, 3 September 2013


Heirs of Gozo v Philippine Union Mission, G.R. No. 195990, Aug. 5 2015
Republic v Espinosa, G.R. No. 186603, April 5, 2017
Republic v Heirs of Daquer, GR 193657, September 4, 2018 [en banc]

3. Citizenship Requirement

SEE: cases under Family Law

4. Original Registration

Rep. of the Phils. v. TA.N. Properties, Inc., G.R. NO. 154953 : June 26, 2008
Republic v Bantigue, G. R. No. 162322, March 14, 2012
Paraguya v. Sps. Crucillo, G.R. No. 200265, December 2, 2013
Republic v Cortez, G.R. No. 186639, February 5, 2014
Fortuna v. Republic, G.R. No. 173423, March 5, 2014
Republic vs. San Mateo, G.R. No. 203560, November 10, 2014
Canlas vs. Republic, G.R. No. 200894, November 10, 2014
Republic vs. Alora, G.R. No. 210341, July 1, 2015
Republic vs, Dayaoen, G.R. No. 200773, July 8, 2015
CLT Realty v Hi-Grade Feeds Corporation, G .R. No. 160684, Sept. 2, 2015
Central Mindanao v Republic, GR 195026, February 22, 2016
Highpoint v Republic, GR 224389, Nov. 7, 2018

5. Subsequent Registration

Billote vs. Solis, G.R. No. 181057, June 17, 2015


CLT Realty vs. Hi-Grade Feeds, G.R. No. 160684, September 2, 2015
Cabanez v Solano, GR 200180, June 6, 2016

6. Post-Judgment Incidents

In RE Reconstitution of TCTs, Edward Lim, GR 156797, July 6, 2010 St. Mary Crusade v Riel,
GR 176508, Jan. 12, 2015
Yabut v Alcantara, G.R. No. 200349, March 6, 2017
Republic v Susi, G.R. No. 213209, Jan. 16, 2017
Dy v Aldea, G.R. No. 219500, August 9, 2017
Cruz v Heirs of So Hiong, GR 228641, Nov. 5, 2018

7. Decree of Registration

Cusi v Domingo, GR 195871, Feb. 27, 2013


Republic v Rosario Nicolas, G.R. No. 181435, October 2, 2017

*Exclude: History of land laws, Remedies sufficiently covered under Remedial Law, Registration of judgments, orders
and partitions, Assurance fund, Registration of patents, Administrative structure of the Register of Deeds, Consultas

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