Conductor Sizing Calculation at 75 deg C

1.0 ACSR DOG Conductor Sizing Calculation

References
a) IEC Std 1597 : Overhead Electrical Conductors- Calculation methods for Stranded Bare
Conductors.
b) Conductor catalogue attached.

Steady State Current Carrying Capacity of the Conductor (I max)

0.5
 (P + Pconv − Psol )  (Eq. 8 of Clause No. 3.8 of IEC:1597 )
I max =  rad 
 Rt 
Where,
Imax = Steady State Current Carrying Capacity of the Conductor
Prad = Heat Loss by Radiation of Conductor
Pconv = Convection Heat Loss
Psol = Solar Heat Gain by the Conductor Surface
Rt = AC Resistance of the Conductor at Operating Tempeature

a) Heat Loss by Radiation, P Rad (W) (As per Clause No. 3.6 of IEC:1597):

where
Prad = sπDK e T24 − T14 ( ) (Eqn.4 of IEC:1597 )

s = Stefan–Boltzmann constant = 5.67E-08 W.m-2.K-4

D = Conductor Diameter (m) = 0.01415 m
(From Mfg's data)
Ke = Emissivity Coefficient wih respect to black body
(As per Clause No 3.10 of IEC:1597) = 0.45
T2 = Final Temperature (750C) = 348 K

T1 = Ambient Temperature 50 °C = 323 K

Substituting in the above equation, Prad = 4.29 W/m

b) Forced Convection Heat Loss, P Conv (W) (As per Clause No. 3.7 of IEC:1597):

Pconv = λNu (T2 − T1 )π (Eqn.5 of IEC:1597 )

where
λ = Thermal conductivity of the air film in contact with the conductor
= 0.02585 W.m-1.K-1
Nu = Nusselt Number =0.65 Re 0.2 + 0.23 Re0.61
= 28.39
where

Re = Reynold's number (As per eq 7 of Clause No.3.7 of IEC:1597)

= 1.644 x 109 v D[T1 + 0.5(T2 - T1)]-1.78
 v = Velocity of the wind
= 3.000 m /s (Incase of standstill condition = 0.62)
Therefore,
Re = 2228.68

Pconv = 57.641 W/m

c) Solar Heat Gain (As per Clause No. 3.5 of IEC:1597)

Psol = g D Si where (eq 3 of IEC:1597)

g = Solar radiation absorption coefficient

= 0.8 (Considered)

Si = Intensity of solar radiation

= 1.045 kW/m2 (Considered)

Substituting in the above equation, Psol = 11.83 W/m

d) AC Resistance at temperature T

Rt = K x R75
where
R75 = DC resistance of the conductor at 75 oC
K = Skin Effect Factor

R75 = R20{1+a(T2-T1)] (As per Eq 9 of Clause No. 4.2 of IEC:1597)

where
R20 = DC Resistance at temperature of 20 0C
= 0.2733 ohm/km (from Mfg.'s Data)
= 2.73E-04 ohm/m

a = Temperature Coefficient of Electrical Resistance

= 0.0036 (For type A2 Aluminium as per Clause No. 4.2 of IEC:1597)

Therefore, R75 = 3.27E-04 ohm/m

Correction Factor at 50 Hz DC/AC ratio for Skin Effect (K) = 1.03 (considered)

Therefore, Rt = 3.37E-04 ohm/m

e) Steady State Current Carrying Capacity of the Conductor (I max)

Imax = [(Prad + Pconv - Psol)/Rt]1/2

Substituting the parameters of Eq.8 - IEC with:

Prad = 4.29 W/m
Pconv = 57.64 W/m
Psol = 11.83 W/m
Rt = 3.37E-04 ohm/m

Imax = 385.45 Amps

2.0 ACSR PANTHER Conductor Sizing Calculation

Refrences
a) IEC Std 1597 : Overhead Electrical Conductors- Calculation methods for Stranded Bare
Conductors.
b) Conductor catalogue attached.

Steady State Current Carrying Capacity of the ACSR Conductor (I max)

0.5
 (P + Pconv − Psol )  (Eq. 8 of Clause No. 3.8 of IEC:1597 )
I max =  rad 
 Rt 
Where,
Imax = Steady State Current Carrying Capacity of the Conductor
Prad = Heat Loss by Radiation of Conductor
Pconv = Convection Heat Loss
Psol = Solar Heat Gain by the Conductor Surface
Rt = AC Resistance of the Conductor at Operating Tempeature

a) Heat Loss by Radiation, P Rad (W) (As per Clause No. 3.6 of IEC:1597):

where
Prad = sπDK e T24 − T14 ( ) (Eqn.4 of IEC:1597 )

s = Stefan–Boltzmann constant = 5.67E-08 W.m-2.K-4

D = Conductor Diameter (m) = 0.02100 m
(From Mfg's data)
Ke = Emissivity Coefficient wih respect to black body
(As per Clause No 3.10 of IEC:1597) = 0.45
T2 = 0 = 348 K
Final Temperature (75 C)

T1 = Ambient Temperature (50 0C) = 323 K

Substituting in the above equation, Prad = 6.37 W/m

b) Forced Convection Heat Loss, P Conv (W) (As per Clause No. 3.7 of IEC:1597):

Pconv = λNu (T2 − T1 )π (Eqn.5 of IEC:1597 )

where
l = Thermal conductivity of the air film in contact with the conductor
= 0.02585 W.m-1.K-1
Nu = Nusselt Number =0.65 Re 0.2 + 0.23 Re0.61
= 35.54

where
Re = Reynold's number (As per eq 7 of Clause No.3.7 of IEC:1597)
= 1.644 x 109 v D[T1 + 0.5(T2 - T1)]-1.78

v = Velocity of the wind

= 3.000 m /s (Incase of standstill condition = 0.62)
Therefore,
Re = 3307.57
 Pconv = 72.164 W/m

c) Solar Heat Gain (As per Clause No. 3.5 of IEC:1597)

Psol = g D Si where (eq 3 of IEC:1597)

g = Solar radiation absorption coefficient

= 0.8 (Considered)

Si = Intensity of solar radiation

= 1.050 kW/m2 (Considered)

Substituting in the above equation, Psol = 17.64 W/m

d) AC Resistance at temperature T

Rt = K x R75
where
R75 = DC resistance of the conductor at 75 oC
K = Skin Effect Factor

R75 = R20{1+a(T2-T1)] (As per Eq 9 of Clause No. 4.2 of IEC:1597)

where
R20 = DC Resistance at temperature of 20 0C
= 0.1471 ohm/km (from Mfg.'s Data)
= 1.47E-04 ohm/m

a = Temperature Coefficient of Electrical Resistance

= 0.0036 (For type A1 Aluminium as per Clause No. 4.2 of IEC:1597)

Therefore, R75 = 1.76E-04 ohm/m

Correction Factor at 50 Hz DC/AC ratio for Skin Effect (K) = 1.03 (considered)

Therefore, Rt = 1.82E-04 W/m

e) Steady State Current Carrying Capacity of the Conductor (I max)

Imax = [(Prad + Pconv - Psol)/Rt]1/2

Substituting the parameters of Eq.8 - IEC with:

Prad = 6.37 W/m
Pconv = 72.16 W/m
Psol = 17.64 W/m
Rt = 1.82E-04 ohm/m

Imax = 579.20 Amps

 33kV Transmission Line Loss Calculation

1) Current Rating Calculation for WTG

Power rating of WTG = 1.5 MW
Current Rating of WTG at 33kV voltage level = 27.63 (considering 0.95 PF for Regen V-87 Model of WTG)

2) DC Resistance Calculation for Proposed Conductors

i) ACSR Dog Conductor
Current Rating = 385 A
DC Resistance at 20 Deg C = 0.273 ohm/km (As per Catalogue, attached as Annex-1)
DC Resistance at 75 Deg C = 0.327 ohm/km (Temperature coefficient considered for A2/A3
ii) ACSR Panther Conductor Aluminium Types)
Current Rating = 579 A
DC Resistance at 20 Deg C = 0.136 ohm/km (As per Catalogue, attached as Annex-1)
DC Resistance at 75 Deg C = 0.163 ohm/km (Temperature coefficient considered for A2/A3
Aluminium Types)
3) Loss Calculation
ACSR Line Segment Length of No. of Nominal Current Current DC Power
Distance Power
Conductor Between Coordinate Conductor/ Connected Passing Through Rating of Resistance Loss
(m) Loss (%)
Type locations/ WTG phase (m) WTGs Line Segment (A) Conductor @ 75 deg C (watt)
ZONE-1 Line
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 2-3 535 589 1 28 385 0.192683 441 0.03
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 3-4 1352 1487 2 55 385 0.486929 4459 0.15
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 4-5 822 904 3 83 385 0.296047 6100 0.14
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 5-6 283 311 4 111 385 0.101924 3734 0.06
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 6-7 300 330 5 138 385 0.108046 6184 0.08
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 7-8 364 400 6 166 385 0.131096 10805 0.12
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 8-9 628 691 7 193 385 0.226177 25373 0.24
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 9-12 829 912 11 304 385 0.298568 82711 0.50
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 1-10 488 537 2 55 385 0.175756 1610 0.05
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 10-11 267 294 1 28 385 0.096161 220 0.01
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 1-8 767 844 3 83 385 0.276239 5692 0.13
Panther- 1C Coordinates: 12-13 268 295 12 332 579 0.048137 15870 0.09
Panther- 1C Coordinates: 13-33 331 364 13 359 579 0.059453 23003 0.12
Panther- 1C Coordinates: 33-PSS 20 22 14 387 579 0.003592 1612 0.01
Total Transmission Line Loss upto PSS 187814 watt
Total % Line Loss 0.89
ZONE-2 Line
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 50-49 310 341 1 28 385 0.111648 256 0.02
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 49-48 298 328 2 55 385 0.107326 983 0.03
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 48-47 470 517 3 83 385 0.169273 3488 0.08
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 47-P1 716 788 4 111 385 0.257871 9446 0.16
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 46-45 385 424 2 55 385 0.138660 1270 0.04
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 46-P1 716 788 3 83 385 0.257871 5313 0.12
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 45-44 665 732 1 28 385 0.239503 548 0.04
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 43-42 268 295 1 28 385 0.096521 221 0.01
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 42-P2 1026 1129 2 55 579 0.369519 3384 0.11
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 14-15 265 292 1 28 385 0.095441 219 0.01
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 16-17 260 286 1 28 385 0.093640 214 0.01
Panther- 1C Coordinates: P1-P2 2015 2217 7 193 579 0.361927 40602 0.39
Panther- 1C Coordinates: P2-15 1026 1129 2 55 579 0.184286 1688 0.06
Panther- 1C Coordinates: 15-17 903 903 11 304 579 0.147449 40847 0.25
Panther- 1C Coordinates: 17-PSS 2162 2378 13 359 579 0.388330 150252 0.77
Total Internal Transmission Line Loss 258731 watt
Total % Line Loss 1.33
ZONE-3 Line

Dog- 1C Coordinates: 37-38 323 355 1 28 385 0.116330 266 0.02

Dog- 1C Coordinates: 38-39 272 299 2 55 385 0.097962 897 0.03
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 39-40 268 295 3 83 385 0.096521 1989 0.04
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 40-41 263 289 4 111 385 0.094721 3470 0.06
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 41-18 2357 2593 5 138 385 0.848885 48587 0.65
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 36-22 271 298 1 28 385 0.097602 223 0.01
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 22-21 384 422 2 55 385 0.138299 1267 0.04
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 21-20 365 402 3 83 385 0.131456 2709 0.06
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 20-19 293 322 4 111 385 0.105525 3866 0.06
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 19-18 326 359 5 138 385 0.117410 6720 0.09
Panther- 1C Coordinates: 18-34 1539 1693 11 304 385 0.276429 76578 0.46
Panther- 1C Coordinates: 34-PSS 1119 1231 12 332 579 0.200990 66263 0.37
Total Internal Transmission Line Loss 212834 watt
Total % Line Loss 1.18
ACSR Line Segment Length of No. of Nominal Current Current DC Power
Distance Power
Conductor Between Coordinate Conductor/ Connected Passing Through Rating of Resistance Loss
(m) Loss (%)
Type locations/ WTG phase (m) WTGs Line Segment (A) Conductor @ 75 deg C (watt)
ZONE-1 Line
ZONE-4

Dog- 1C Coordinates: 35-24 925 1018 1 28 385 0.333143 763 0.05

Dog- 1C Coordinates: 24-23 265 292 2 55 385 0.095441 874 0.03
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 23-25 961 1057 3 83 385 0.346109 7132 0.16
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 25-26 271 298 4 111 385 0.097602 3575 0.06
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 26-30 625 688 5 138 385 0.225097 12884 0.17
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 27-28 284 312 1 28 385 0.102284 234 0.02
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 28-29 400 440 2 55 385 0.144062 1319 0.04
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 29-30 1101 1211 3 83 385 0.396530 8171 0.18
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 30-31 252 277 9 249 385 0.090759 16831 0.12
Dog- 1C Coordinates: 31-32 270 297 10 276 385 0.048496 11103 0.07
Panther- 1C Coordinates: 32-PSS 331 364 11 304 579 0.059453 16470 0.10
Total Internal Transmission Line Loss 79355 watt
Total % Line Loss 0.48
Annexure-1
Wind Speed estimation for 33 kV line height

WTG Model V-87 (Regen make)

Rated Capacity of the WTG 1.5 MW
Rated Wind Speed of the WTG 13 m/s
Hub Height of the WTG 85 m

Height of the 33 kV Line 10 m

Power Law Index of the site 0.25 (Considered)

Estimated Wind Speed at 33 kV line height corresponding to the rated wind speed at the Hub Height 7.6136 m/s
Estimated Min. Wind Speed at 33 kV line height corresponding to the rated wind speed at the Hub Height 3 m/s