LIM-INT Introduction
LIM-COM Communication
LIM-ENG Engines
LIM-FUEL Fuel
LIM-NAV Navigation
LIM-OXY Oxygen
LIM-SURV Surveillance
(1)
M Localization DU Title DU identification DU date
LIM-AFS-20 Automatic Landing in Johannesburg 00013685.0001001 25 APR 13
Criteria: A320
Applicable to: ALL
Impacted DU: NONE
LIM-AFS-20 Autoland Databases with Honeywell ADIRU 00016880.0070001 25 NOV 15
Criteria: P3510, P3790, P4087, P4419, P4425, P6125, P6985, P7397, P9333, SA
Applicable to: ALL
Impacted DU: NONE
(1) Evolution code : N=New, R=Revised, E=Effectivity
LIMITATIONS
INTRODUCTION
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LIMITATIONS
INTRODUCTION
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OPERATING MANUAL
Introduction...............................................................................................................................................................A
INTRODUCTION
Ident.: LIM-INT-00019839.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
This FCOM chapter contains the following operating limitations, related to the aircraft and associated
systems:
‐ The Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) limitations,
‐ Other limitations recommended by Airbus, that are not included in the AFM.
LIMITATIONS
LIM-AFS-10 General
Autopilot Function.................................................................................................................................................... A
Flight Management Function................................................................................................................................... B
Use of NAV Mode................................................................................................................................................... C
Use of FLS .....................................................................................................................................................D
AUTOPILOT FUNCTION
Applicable to: ALL
NAVIGATION PERFORMANCE
The navigation accuracy depends on:
‐ IRS drift, or
‐ One of the following:
• Radio navaid availability, or
• Elapsed time since last computation of radio navaid position.
RNP accuracy with GPS PRIMARY is:
With AP OFF With AP OFF
With AP ON (1)
and FD ON (1) and FD OFF
En route 1 NM 1 NM 1.1 NM
Continued on the following page
DEGRADED SITUATION
If GPS PRIMARY LOST is displayed on the PFD, the navigation accuracy remains sufficient
for RNP operations provided that, the RNP value is checked or entered on the MCDU and HIGH
ACCURACY is displayed.
AFTER TAKEOFF
NAV mode may be used after takeoff provided that:
‐ GPS PRIMARY is available, or
‐ The flight crew checked the FMGS takeoff updating.
Ident.: LIM-AFS-10-30-00020335.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
IN TERMINAL AREA
NAV mode may be used in terminal area provided that:
‐ GPS PRIMARY is available, or
‐ the appropriate RNP is checked or entered on the MCDU, and HIGH accuracy is displayed, or
‐ FMS navigation is crosschecked with navaid raw data.
RNAV APPROACH
An RNAV(RNP) approach may be performed, with GPS PRIMARY not available, only if the radio
navaid coverage supports the RNP value and HIGH accuracy is displayed on the MCDU with the
specified RNP, and an operational approval is obtained.
An RNAV(GNSS) approach may be performed provided that GPS PRIMARY is available.
Refer to Guidance Modes per Approach Types
Note: FLS is the recommended managed lateral and vertical guidance mode for RNAV
approach.
USE OF FLS
Ident.: LIM-AFS-10-00020808.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
An ILS (G/S out), LOC, or LOC-B/C approach may be flown with the lateral LOC (LOC-B/C) mode
and with the F-G/S mode of FLS function provided that:
‐ F-APP capability is displayed on FMA
In this case, the reference navaids may be unserviceable, or the airborne radio equipment may
be inoperative, or not installed, provided that an operational approval is obtained.
‐ F-APP + RAW capability is displayed on FMA.
In this case, the reference navaids and the corresponding airborne radio equipment must be
serviceable, tuned and monitored during the approach.
RNAV(GNSS) APPROACH
An RNAV(GNSS) approach with LNAV minimum may be flown with the FLS provided that the
F-APP capability is displayed on FMA.
An RNAV(GNSS)approach with LNAV/VNAV minimum must be flown with the FLS provided that
the F-APP capability is displayed on FMA.
ILS CATEGORY II
Ident.: LIM-AFS-20-00020136.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
ENGINE-OUT
Ident.: LIM-AFS-20-00020142.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
CAT II and CAT III fail passive autoland are only approved in configuration FULL, and if engine-out
procedures are completed before reaching 1 000 ft in approach.
MAXIMUM WIND CONDITIONS FOR ILS/MLS CAT II OR CAT III AND FOR GLS CAT I
Ident.: LIM-AFS-20-00020144.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
Headwind : 30 kt
Tailwind : 10 kt
Crosswind : 20 kt
Note: Wind limitation is based on the surface wind reported by ATC. If the wind displayed on the
ND exceeds the above-noted autoland limitations, but the tower reports a surface wind
within the limitations, then the autopilot can remain engaged. If the tower reports a surface
wind beyond limitations, only CAT I automatic approach without autoland can be performed.
AUTOMATIC LANDING
Applicable to: ALL
ILS/MLS CAT II and CAT III autoland and GLS CAT I autoland are approved in CONF 3 and CONF FULL.
Ident.: LIM-AFS-20-10-00020150.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Automatic rollout performance is approved on dry and wet runways, but performance on snow-covered or icy runways was
not demonstrated.
Ident.: LIM-AFS-20-10-00020158.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Automatic landing system performance is demonstrated with CAT II or CAT III ILS/MLS airport installation. However,
automatic landing in CAT I or better weather conditions is possible on CAT I ground installations or on CAT II/III ground
installations when ILS/MLS sensitive areas are not protected, if the following precautions are taken:
‐ The airline checked that the ILS/MLS beam quality, and the effect of the terrain profile before the runway have no
adverse effect on AP/FD guidance. Particularly, the effect of terrain profile within 300 m before the runway threshold
must be evaluated
‐ The flight crew is aware that LOC or G/S beam fluctuations, independent of the aircraft system, may occur. The PF is
prepared to immediately disconnect the autopilot, and to take the appropriate action, should not satisfactory guidance
occur
‐ At least CAT2 capability is displayed on the FMA and the flight crew uses CAT II/III procedures
‐ Visual references are obtained at an altitude appropriate for the CAT I approach. If not, a go-around must be
performed.
The below table provides for each concerned airport, the dates when the following limitations begin:
‐ AUTOLAND is not allowed
‐ ROLLOUT is not allowed.
CAT II approaches without AUTOLAND are still allowed.
Airport code Airport Location Month/Year
PAFA FAIRBANKS INTL AK USA September 2016
PANC ANCHORAGE INTL AK USA June 2018
Note: This limitation is applicable until end of 2020. From 2021, without a revision of this
limitation, AUTOLAND and ROLLOUT will not be allowed on any airport.
The above limitations do not apply if three new ADIRU with updated magnetic variation tables are
installed and Operators ensure previous standards are not installed.
LIMITATIONS
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
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LIMITATIONS
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
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LIM-AG-SPD Speeds
Cockpit Window Open Maximum Speed.................................................................................................................A
Maximum Flaps/Slats Speeds................................................................................................................................. B
Maximum Operating Speed VMO/MMO................................................................................................................. C
Maximum Speeds with the Landing Gear Extended.............................................................................................. D
Maximum Tire Speed.............................................................................................................................................. E
Minimum Control Speeds........................................................................................................................................ F
Taxi Speed.............................................................................................................................................................. G
Wipers Maximum Operating Speed........................................................................................................................ H
LIM-AG-WGHT Weights
Weight Limitations....................................................................................................................................................A
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVELOPE
Ident.: LIM-AG-OPS-00020282.0023001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
RUNWAY SLOPE
Runway slope (mean)................................................................................................................ ±2 %
RUNWAY ALTITUDE
Runway altitude......................................................................................................................9 200 ft
Ident.: LIM-AG-OPS-ARPT_WIND-00020146.0002001 / 17 MAR 17
TAILWIND TAKEOFF
Maximum tailwind for takeoff......................................................................................................15 kt
Ident.: LIM-AG-OPS-ARPT_WIND-00020159.0003001 / 21 MAR 17
TAILWIND LANDING
Maximum tailwind for landing ................................................................................................... 15 kt
Note: For maximum tailwind for automatic landing and rollout, Refer to LIM-AFS-20 Maximum
Wind Conditions for ILS/MLS (If Installed) CAT II or CAT III and for GLS (If Installed) CAT
I.
Ident.: LIM-AG-OPS-ARPT_WIND-00020168.0001001 / 22 MAR 17
Note: For landing with a tailwind greater than 10 kt, FLAPS FULL is recommended.
Note: The maximum crosswind values given in the above table are recommended values
based on computations.
Ident.: LIM-AG-OPS-ARPT_WIND-00014451.0001001 / 22 MAY 12
Maximum speed............................................................................................................................200 kt
VMO.............................................................................................................................................. 350 kt
MMO............................................................................................................................................ M 0.82
MINIMUM CONTROL SPEEDS IN THE AIR (VMCA) AND ON THE GROUND (VMCG)
Altitude VMCA VMCG (kt IAS)
(ft) (kt IAS) CONF 1 + F CONF 2 CONF 3
-2 000 114 113 111 111
0 112 112 110 109
2 000 111 111 109 108
4 000 108 108 106 106
6 000 105 105 103 103
8 000 103 103 101 101
10 000 100 101 99 98
12 000 97 98 96 95
14 100 94 95 93 93
TAXI SPEED
Ident.: LIM-AG-SPD-00019838.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
When the taxi weight is higher than 76 000 kg (167 550 lb):
CAUTION Do not exceed a taxi speed of 20 kt during a turn.
Maximum speed............................................................................................................................230 kt
L2 Note: This limitation is applicable when the wipers are sweeping. It is not applicable if the wipers
are not sweeping for any reasons.
WEIGHT LIMITATIONS
Ident.: LIM-AG-WGHT-00001893.0107001 / 18 MAR 11
Applicable to: ALL
LIMITATIONS
AIR BLEED/COND/PRESS/VENT
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LIMITATIONS
AIR BLEED/COND/PRESS/VENT
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General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
APU Bleed Use with HP Air Start Unit................................................................................................................... B
Avionics Ventilation..................................................................................................................................................C
Cabin Pressure........................................................................................................................................................ D
Packs Use with LP Air Conditioning Unit................................................................................................................E
GENERAL
Ident.: LIM-AIR-00020807.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
With passengers on board, it is not recommended to exceed 20 min without air conditioning supply.
The lack of fresh air supply will significantly reduce the cabin’s air quality.
The flight crew must not use bleed air from the APU BLEED and from the HP Air Start Unit at the
same time, to prevent any adverse effect on the Bleed Air System.
AVIONICS VENTILATION
Ident.: LIM-AIR-00020086.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
During ground operations and depending on the Outside Air Temperature (OAT), the flight crew must
limit the time that the aircraft electric power supply is used, in normal avionics ventilation system
configuration, as follows:
OAT ≤ 49 °C No limitation
49 °C < OAT ≤ 55 °C 2h
55 °C < OAT ≤ 60 °C 1h
60 °C < OAT ≤ 64 °C 0.5 h
CABIN PRESSURE
Ident.: LIM-AIR-00020085.0003001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
Note: Maximum differential pressure (Δp) and safety valve setting tolerance = ± 7 hPa (0.1 PSI).
The flight crew must not use conditioned air from the packs and from the LP Air Conditioning Unit at
the same time, to prevent any adverse effect on the Air Conditioning system.
LIMITATIONS
General.....................................................................................................................................................................A
APU Start/Shutdown during Refueling/Defueling.................................................................................................... B
Operational Envelope.............................................................................................................................................. C
GENERAL
Applicable to: ALL
Ident.: LIM-APU-10-00020088.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
APU START
After three consecutive APU start attempts, the flight crew must wait 60 min before a new start
attempt.
Ident.: LIM-APU-10-00020089.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
ROTOR SPEED
Maximum N speed................................................................................................................... 107 %
Ident.: LIM-APU-10-00020090.0003001 / 17 MAR 17
EGT
Maximum EGT for APU start (below 35 000 ft)................................................................... 1 090 °C
Maximum EGT for APU start (above 35 000 ft)...................................................................1 120 °C
Maximum EGT for APU running..............................................................................................675 °C
During refuel/defuel procedures, APU starts or shutdown are permitted with the following restrictions:
‐ If the APU failed to start or following an automatic APU shutdown, do not start the APU
‐ If a fuel spill occurs, perform a normal APU shutdown.
OPERATIONAL ENVELOPE
Applicable to: ALL
Ident.: LIM-APU-20-00019832.0003001 / 17 MAR 17
APU BLEED
Use of APU bleed air for wing anti-ice is not permitted.
LIMITATIONS
COMMUNICATION
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LIMITATIONS
COMMUNICATION
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Communications.......................................................................................................................................................A
GSM Onboard ................................................................................................................................................ B
COMMUNICATIONS
Ident.: LIM-COM-00020292.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
If the aircraft is to fly in the areas that are not completely covered by VHF stations:
‐ One HF radio must be installed in the aircraft if the interruptions between VHF covered zones do
not exceed one flight hour
‐ Two HF radios must be installed in the aircraft if these interruptions exceed one flight hour.
Flights in polar regions, outside the areas covered by VHF fields, are allowed only when the weather
forecast is appropriate for the propagation of HF radio waves.
GSM ONBOARD
Ident.: LIM-COM-00020293.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
The use of mobile phones is prohibited in the toilets and the cockpit.
It is prohibited to use the GSM Onboard System:
‐ Below 3 000 m AGL (approximately 10 000 ft)
‐ In some geographical areas (refer to the “Regional Operation Data for the Onboard Mobile
Telephony System” document for the identification of these geographical areas).
Note: The GSM Onboard System is able to identify the above-mentioned flight conditions. If the
system identifies any of these conditions, it automatically turns off.
LIMITATIONS
ENGINES
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LIMITATIONS
ENGINES
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SHAFT SPEEDS
Ident.: LIM-ENG-00020355.0003001 / 20 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
OIL
Ident.: LIM-ENG-00020354.0010001 / 20 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
OIL TEMPERATURE
Maximum continuous temperature......................................................................................... 155 °C
Maximum transient temperature (15 min).............................................................................. 165 °C
Minimum starting temperature................................................................................................ -40 °C
Minimum temperature before IDLE is exceeded..................................................................... -10 °C
Minimum temperature before takeoff....................................................................................... 50 °C
OIL QUANTITY
Minimum oil quantity................................................................ (Refer to PRO-NOR-SOP-04 ECAM)
MINIMUM OIL PRESSURE
Minimum oil pressure............................................................................................................. 60 PSI
STARTER
Ident.: LIM-ENG-00020356.0002001 / 20 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
‐ A standard automatic start that includes only one start attempt, is considered one cycle
‐ For ground starts (automatic or manual), a 15 s pause is required between successive cycles
‐ A 30 min cooling period is required, subsequent to three failed cycles or 5 min of continuous crank
‐ For manual start, observe a two-minute maximum cycle time
‐ For crank, observe a 5 min maximum cycle time
‐ The starter must not be run when N2 is above 10 % on-ground and 18 % in-flight.
REVERSE THRUST
Ident.: LIM-ENG-00020357.0001001 / 20 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
FLEX TAKEOFF
Takeoff at reduced thrust, so-called as FLEX takeoff, is permitted only if the airplane meets all
performance requirements at the takeoff weight, with the operating engines at the thrust available
for the flexible temperature (TFLEX).
Takeoff at reduced thrust is permitted with any inoperative item affecting the performance only if
the associated performance shortfall has been applied to meet the above requirements.
FLEX takeoff is not permitted on contaminated runways.
TFLEX cannot be:
‐ Higher than TMAXFLEX, equal to ISA + 55 °C.
‐ Lower than the flat temperature (TREF).
‐ Lower than the actual OAT.
Ident.: LIM-ENG-10-00020359.0001001 / 20 MAR 17
DERATED TAKEOFF
Selection of TOGA thrust is not permitted when a derated takeoff is performed, except when
requested in any abnormal or emergency procedures.
The use of reduced thrust takeoff (FLEX takeoff) is not permitted in association with derated
takeoff.
The use of derated takeoff is permitted regardless of the runway condition (dry, wet, or
contaminated).
SOFT GO-AROUND
Ident.: LIM-ENG-00020363.0001001 / 20 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
LIMITATIONS
FLIGHT CONTROLS
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LIMITATIONS
FLIGHT CONTROLS
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CAUTION Rapid and large alternating control inputs, especially in combination with large
changes in pitch, roll or yaw (e.g. large sideslip angles) may result in structural
failures at any speed.
LIMITATIONS
FUEL
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LIMITATIONS
FUEL
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Certified Fuel............................................................................................................................................................A
Fuel Mixability.......................................................................................................................................................... B
Fuel Temperature.................................................................................................................................................... C
Fuel Temperature Limits when JP4 and JET B Fuels are Used............................................................................ D
Maximum Allowed Fuel Imbalance..........................................................................................................................E
Minimum Fuel Quantity for Takeoff......................................................................................................................... F
CERTIFIED FUEL
Ident.: LIM-FUEL-00019707.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
The fuel system is certified with: JET A, JET A1, JET B, JP4, JP5, JP8, N° 3 JET, RT, and TS-1, in
accordance with engine manufacturers and fuel specifications.
FUEL MIXABILITY
Ident.: LIM-FUEL-00012852.0001001 / 03 JAN 11
Applicable to: ALL
FUEL TEMPERATURE
Ident.: LIM-FUEL-00019708.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
JET A1/JP8/
JET A JP5 RT TS-1 JET B JP4
N°3 JET
MINI -43 °C -36 °C -42 °C
(1) -45 °C -45 °C -46 °C -54 °C
MAXI 54 °C 49 °C
(1) For JET A only, if TAT reaches -34 °C, monitor the fuel temperature on the FUEL SD page, to
ensure that it remains above -36 °C.
FUEL TEMPERATURE LIMITS WHEN JP4 AND JET B FUELS ARE USED
Ident.: LIM-FUEL-00019709.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
If the wing fuel temperature exceeds 30 °C at engine start, the altitude must be limited to 35 000 ft
until the center tank is empty.
If the wing fuel temperature exceeds 40 °C at engine start, the altitude must be limited to 30 000 ft
until the center tank is empty.
If the wing fuel temperature exceeds 49 °C at engine start, the altitude must be limited to 25 000 ft
until the center tank is empty.
Reason : At high altitude with high fuel temperature, the pressure supplied by the center tank
pumps becomes lower than the pressure supplied by the wing tank pumps.
The following tables indicate the maximum allowed wing imbalance at takeoff, in flight, and at
landing.
FUEL IMBALANCE AT TAKEOFF
INNER TANKS (OUTER TANKS BALANCED)
Tank Fuel Quantity
Maximum Asymmetry
(Heavier Tank)
Full 500 kg (1 102 lb)
3 000 kg (6 613 lb) 1 050 kg (2 314 lb)
1 450 kg (3 196 lb) 1 450 kg (3 196 lb)
The variation is linear between these values, and there is no limitation below 2 250 kg
(4 960 lb).
OUTER TANKS
Maximum Asymmetry 690 kg (1 521 lb)(1)
(1)
The maximum fuel imbalance in the outer wing fuel tanks (one full/one empty) is allowed provided
that:
‐ The fuel quantity of the outer and inner wing fuel tanks of one side is equal to the fuel quantity of
the outer and inner wing fuel tanks on the other side, or
‐ On the side of the lighter outer tank, the fuel quantity of the inner tank is more than the fuel
quantity of the opposite inner tank. The difference between the fuel quantity in the inner tanks
should not be more than 3 000 kg (6 613 lb).
Note: In exceptional conditions (i.e. fuel system failure), the above-mentioned values for
maximum fuel imbalance may be exceeded without significant effect to the aircraft
handling qualities. The aircraft remains fully controllable in all flight phases.
LIMITATIONS
‐ Icing conditions exist when the OAT (on ground or after takeoff) or the TAT (in flight) is at or below
10 °C and visible moisture in any form is present (such as clouds, fog with visibility of one nautical
mile or less, rain, snow, sleet or ice crystals).
‐ Icing conditions also exist when the OAT on the ground and for takeoff is at or below 10 °C and
operating on ramps, taxiways or runways where surface snow, standing water or slush may be
ingested by the engines, or freeze on engines, nacelles or engine sensor probes.
Ice accretion is considered severe when the ice accumulation on the airframe reaches approximately
5 mm (0.2 in) thick or more.
Thin hoarfrost is typically a white crystalline deposit which usually develops uniformly on exposed
surfaces on cold and cloudless nights.
It is so thin that surface features (lines or markings) can be distinguished beneath it.
RAIN REPELLENT
Ident.: LIM-ICE_RAIN-00020224.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
The flight crew should only use the rain repellent in the case of moderate to heavy rain.
LIMITATIONS
LANDING GEAR
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LIMITATIONS
LANDING GEAR
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Braking System........................................................................................................................................................A
Brake Temperature.................................................................................................................................................. B
Maximum Speeds with the Landing Gear Extended.............................................................................................. C
Maximum Tire Speed.............................................................................................................................................. D
Nosewheel Steering (NWS).....................................................................................................................................E
Taxi with Deflated or Damaged Tires......................................................................................................................F
BRAKING SYSTEM
Ident.: LIM-LG-00020233.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
The braking system is not designed to hold the aircraft in a stationary position when a high thrust
level is applied on at least one engine.
During ground procedures that require a thrust increase with braking, the flight crew must ensure that
the aircraft remains stationary, and must be ready to immediately retard the thrust levers to IDLE.
BRAKE TEMPERATURE
Ident.: LIM-LG-00020255.0001001 / 17 MAR 17
Applicable to: ALL
To vacate the runway or taxi at low speed with tire(s) deflated (not damaged), all of the following
limitations apply:
‐ If maximum one tire per gear is deflated (consider three gears)
Maximum taxi speed during turn................................................................................................. 7 kt
‐ If two tires are deflated on the same main gear (maximum one main gear)
Maximum taxi speed................................................................................................................... 3 kt
‐ For the nosewheel steering (NWS) angle
Maximum NWS angle................................................................................................................. 30 °
In addition, if tire damage is suspected, the flight crew must ask for an aircraft inspection prior to
vacate the runway or taxi. If the ground crew suspects that a tire burst may damage the landing gear,
maintenance action is due.
For more information, Refer to FCTM/PR-AEP-LG Wheel Tire Damaged Suspected.
LIMITATIONS
NAVIGATION
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NAVIGATION
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IR GROUND ALIGNMENT
Ground alignment of the IRS is possible in latitudes between 73 ° North and 73 ° South.
MAGNETIC (MAG) REFERENCE
If all ADIRUs have the same magnetic variation table:
In NAV mode, the IR will not provide valid magnetic heading and magnetic track angle:
‐ North of 73 ° North, and
‐ South of 60 ° South.
Flying at latitudes beyond these limits is prohibited.
If one ADIRU has a different magnetic variation table:
In NAV mode, the IR will not provide valid magnetic heading and magnetic track angle:
‐ North of 60 ° North, between 30 ° West and 160 ° West, and
‐ North of 73 ° North, and
‐ South of 55 ° South.
Flying at latitudes beyond these limits is prohibited.
LIMITATIONS
OXYGEN
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LIMITATIONS
OXYGEN
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°C -10 0 10 20 30 40 50
REF Temperature (1)
°F 14 32 50 68 86 104 122
2 Crewmembers 468 486 504 522 540 558 576
MIN Bottle
2 Crewmembers + 1 OBS 606 629 652 675 698 721 744
Pressure (PSI)(2) 2 Crewmembers + 2 OBS 759 788 817 846 875 904 933
(1)
REF Temperature :
‐ On ground : REF Temperature = (OAT + Cockpit TEMP) / 2
‐ In flight : REF Temperature = CAB TEMP (°C) - 10 °C, or
REF Temperature = CAB TEMP (°F) - 18 °F
(2)
Minimum Bottle Pressure to Cover:
‐ Preflight checks
‐ The use of oxygen, when only one flight crewmember is in the cockpit
‐ Unusable quantity (to ensure regulator operation with minimum pressure)
‐ Normal system leakage
‐ The most demanding case among the following:
• Protection after loss of cabin pressure, with mask regulator on NORMAL (diluted oxygen):
▪ During emergency descent for all flight crewmembers and observers for 13 min
▪ During cruise at FL 100 for two flight crewmembers for 107 min.
• Protection against smoke with 100 % oxygen for all flight crewmembers and observers during
15 min at 8 000 ft cabin altitude.
Note: The above times that are based on the use of a sealed mask may be shorter for
bearded crew (in terms of performance, pressure, or duration).
LIMITATIONS
SURVEILLANCE
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LIMITATIONS
SURVEILLANCE
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Aircraft navigation must not be based on the use of the terrain display .
The terrain display is intended to serve as a situation awareness tool only, and may not provide the
accuracy on which to solely base terrain avoidance maneuvering.
The predictive GPWS functions should be inhibited (TERR pushbutton to OFF, on the GPWS
panel) when the aircraft position is less than 15 NM from the airfield:
‐ For operations from/to runways not incorporated in the predictive GPWS database.
‐ For specific approach procedures, which were previously identified as potentially causing false
terrain alerts.
Only aircraft with Man-made Obstacle Function can display obstacles on ND and trigger alerts,
based on a dedicated database which includes artificial obstacles worldwide.