H23BIM Lecture 2

Integrated Project Delivery

Based on lecture prepared by Ruoyu Jin

Ioannes Tang
Senior University Teaching Fellow
Department of Civil Engineering
Faculty of Engineering
Room: B1C16, Telephone: 03-8924 8346
Email: Ioannes.Tang@nottingham.edu.my

1
Project Delivery Method (PDM)
• How the project will be designed and
constructed?
• Considerations of the owner when selecting a
PDM:
– Budget
– Schedule
– Quality/Function
– Risk
– Expertise
– Local market knowledge
2
Contract Content
What does the contract documentation typically
consist of?

• Drawings

• Quantities

• Specifications

• Condition of Contracts
3
Project Delivery Strategies
Options of project delivery methods
include:
• Design Bid-Build or Hard-Bid

• Design-Build

• Construction Management at Risk

• Integrated Project Delivery

4
Comparing the three major project delivery methods

Owner Owner
Owner

Contract
ct
Co

ct

Co
tra tra
nt

nt
n n
Co
rac

rac
C
t

t
Design-
Contractor A/E Builder Contractor A/E

t Co n
trac trac trac
t Co n
trac
Co n
Contract

t Co n

Contract
t

SC1 SC3 SC1 SC3

Contractor A/E
SC2 SC2
t Co n
trac trac
Co n
Contract

Design-Bid-Build SC1 SC3 Construction

SC2 Management at Risk

Design-Build
5
Integrated Project Delivery

Owner

Contractor A/E

6
• Project Delivery Method distribution in the U.S.
horizontal construction market

– Design-Bid-Build (DBB) 60%

– Construction Management at Risk (CMAR)
25%
– Design-Build (DB) 15%
– Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) <1%

Source from CMAA (2012)

7
 Source from CMAA (2012)

Question:
What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of
these project delivery methods?
8
Contract Types

Types of contracts:

• Lump sum (i.e., fixed price)

• Guaranteed Maximum Price (GMP)

• Reimbursable

9
Contractual Types (cont.)

• Types of contracts:

(Source from CMAA, 2012)

10
Procurement Method
The procurement can be based on low price or
on a set of value criteria (experience, staff,
bonding capacity, etc.).
• Lowest price

• Best Value

• Qualification-based

• On-call/sole source
11
(Source from CMAA, 2012)

12
13
Fast-Track
• Fast-track approach: start the construction
before the design completion.

Question:
• Which of the three project delivery
methods do not fit into the Fast-Track
approach?
• DBB, DB, CMAR.
14
Fast-Track (cont.)

Questions:

1. What PDMs make the fast-track

happen?

2. How BIM technology enhances the

fast-track implementation?

15
Integrated Project Delivery

IPD: a project delivery approach that integrates

people, systems, business structures and
practices into a process that collaboratively
harnesses the talents and insights of all participants
to reduce waste and optimize efficiency through all
phases of design, fabrication and construction.

Source from AIA California Council (2007)

16
• A project delivery method that contractually requires
collaboration among the primary parties – owner,
designer, and builder – so that the risk, responsibility and
liability for project delivery are collectively managed and
appropriately shared. (CMAA, 2012)
• Building Information Modeling is essential to efficiently
achieve the collaboration required for Integrated Project
Delivery.
• Integrated Project Delivery encourages early contribution
of knowledge and experience and requires proactive
involvement of key participants.
Source from AIA California Council (2007)
17
 Owner

Contractor
A/E
BIM

Solution for
SC1 Integrated Project
SC3
Delivery?
SC2

18
Identify, at the earliest possible time, the participant
roles that are most important to the project.
– Owner
– Operator/user
– Designers (architects/engineers)
– Contractors
– Subcontractors
– Suppliers
– Equipment manufacturers
– Systems integrators
– Lenders
Source from AIA California Council (2007)
19
Traditional
Approach
IPD

Source from AIA California Council (2007)

20
BIM in IPD

Conceptualization: WHAT is to be built

• BIM may be identified as the key technology
• Criteria Design:
• Different options are evaluated, tested, and
decided.
• In a project using Building Information Modeling,
the model can be used to test “what if” scenarios.
• Visualization of building model is tied to cost
model.

21
Detailed Design: all of the key design decisions
are Finalized.

If Building Information Modeling is used, the following

will likely occur.
• Each group that is contributing to the model.
• Models and tools must be interoperable.
• Protocols must be developed to control data
interchange.
• Estimating is done by extracting accurate information.
• Specifications for the building become prescriptive.
22
• Implementation Document: The traditional
shop drawing process is merged into the design
as contractors, subcontractors and suppliers
document how systems and structure will be
created.
• Traditional shop drawings will be substantially
reduced.
• Schedule becomes the 4D.
• Cost in finalized into 5D.

23
Construction: The constructability has been
considered in the design and document stages.
Therefore,
• Less on-site construction administration effort;
• Fewer RFIs;
• Better understanding of design intent;
• More pre-fabrication;
• Improved safety;
• An adjusted model based on “as built” conditions.

24
Closeout:

• A more complete building information model will

be provided to the owner.
• The BIM model will be integrated into the building
operating system.
• The BIM model can be used to compare actual to
planned performance.

25
REFERENCES

• Jin, R. (2010). Master’s Thesis: “RELATIONSHIP

BETWEEN PROCUREMENT DURATION AND
PROJECT PERFORMANCE IN DESIGN-
BUILDWATER/WASTEWATER PROJECTS”
• AIA California Council (2007) “Integrated Project
Delivery”
• CMAA (2012) “An Owner’s Guide to Project
Delivery Methods.”
26