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Occam's Razor
Maxwell's Equations - Introduction  I was reminded of Occam's Razor while reading a book. It's
quite a simple principal of logic which has stood the test of
time and is accepted as central...
By Steven McFadyen on September 4th, 2013

Differential protection, the good old days

Maxwell's Equations are a set of fundamental relationships, which govern how
This morning I was explaining how differential protection
electric and magnetic fields interact. The equations explain how these fields are
works to a junior engineer. To give him something to read I
generated and interact with each other, as well as their relationship to charge
opened up the NPAG (Network Protection...
and current. They form the backbone of much of modern electrical and
telecommunication technology and are often quoted as being the most
Nikola Tesla
important equations of all time.
Nikola Tesla was born exactly at midnight on July 10, 1856
in the tiny village of Smiljan, Lika in Croatia. In his late
The equations consist of a set of four - Gauss's Electric Field Law, Gauss's
teens, Tesla left the village to...
Magnetic Field Law, Faraday's Law and the Ampere Maxwell Law. This note
explains the idea behind each of the four equations, what they are trying to
Skin Tapping Input
accomplish and give the reader a broad overview to the full set of equations.
Tapping your forearm or hand with a finger could soon be
the way you interact with gadgets. A new technology
Follow on notes will deal with each of these equations separately. These follow
created by Microsoft and Carnegie Mellon ...
on notes, will explain the mathematics (both differential and integral forms) of
each law and give example applications. James Clerk Maxwell Electrical Engineering
James Clerk Maxwell, born in Electrical engineering is a field that covers a wide variety of
Follow on notes will deal with each of these equations separately. These follow Edinburgh Scotland 1831 is renowned sub-fields, including electricity and electronics. It is a field
on notes, will explain the mathematics (both differential and integral forms) of for his work on the set of equations that goes back to the...
each law and give example applications. named after him. Maxwell published
an early form of his equations between UPS Sizing - Rules of Thumb
Contents [hide] 1861 and 1862 (a total of twenty It wasn't so long ago I was telling someone that I don't use
1. Gauss's Electric Field Law which were later combined into four rules of thumb as most things are easily calculated
2. Gauss's Magnetic Field Law by Oliver Heaviside and Heinrich Hertz). anyhow. As it turns out I last week...
3. Faraday's Law
4. Ampere Maxwell Law Arc Flash Calculations
5. Maths Review Working in the vicinity of electrical equipment poses an
1. Constants hazard. In addition to electric shock hazard, fault currents
6. Summary passing through air causes Arc Flash...

UPS Battery Sizing

Various techniques exist to enable the correct selection of
Gauss's Electric Field Law batteries for UPS applications. The procedure described
below is one of the more common. ...
Gauss's Electrical law defines the relation between charge ("Positive" & "Negative") and electric field. The law was initially
formulated by Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1835. Alternating Current Circuits
Alternating current (a.c.) is the backbone of modern
In Gauss's law, the electric field is the electrostatic field. It shows how the electrostatic field behaves and varies depending electrical power distribution. In this article I’ll be pulling
on the charge distribution within it. More formally it relates the electric flux [of the electric field flowing from positive to some of the more important concepts...
negative charges] passing through a closed surface to the charge contained within the surface.
A mechanical engineering paper, some history and
memories
The electric field flux passing through a closed surface is proportional to the charged contained within that surface.
I was digging in my bookshelf and came across the 80th
Anniversary Association of Mine Resident Engineers,
Papers and Discussions Commemorative Edition...

- integral Form

- differential Form

To understand how the equations work and see application examples, please see the following note:

Maxwell's Equations - Gauss's Electric Field Law

Gauss's Magnetic Field Law

The magnetic law defines the relationship between magnetic poles and the magnetic field.

It is similar to the electric field law, except that individual magnetic poles ("North" & "South") cannot exist alone (whereas
individual charge units can be separated from each other). That magnetic poles must exist as a pair has a large effect on
the behavior of the magnetic flux.

The total magnetic flux passing through a surface is equal to zero.

- integral form

- differential form

To understand how the equations work and see application examples, please see the following note:

Maxwell's Equations - Gauss's Magnetic Field Law - yet to be written

Faraday's Law
It was Michael Faraday, who in 1831 demonstrated through a series of experiments that a conductor enclosing a varying
magnetic field will have a current induced. This in turn, will create an electric field. Transformers and electrical machines all
operate on the basis of Faraday's Law.

Another way to view this is that a time varying magnetic field is always associated with a time varying electric field. And in
reverse, with a time varying electric field always associated with a varying magnetic field.

A changing magnetic flux within a surface induces a electromotive force (EMF) and induced current. The induced
current creates a circulating electric field.

- integral form

- differential form

To understand how the equations work and see application examples, please see the following note:

Maxwell's Equations - Faraday's Law - yet to be written

Ampere Maxwell Law

Discovered in 1826 by André-Marie Ampère, the law describes the magnetic fields produced by a varying electric current.
Ampère initially considered steady electric currents and this was later expanded by Maxwell to included time varying
currents.

Changing current or electric flux through a surface produces a changing magnetic field.

- integral form

- differential form

To understand how the equations work and see application examples, please see the following note:

Maxwell's Equations - Ampere Maxwell Law - yet to be written

Maths Review
It is assumed that the reader is familiar with the necessary maths to be able to apply the equations. If you need to learn or
brush up on this, there are good engineering maths textbooks and resources on the Internet. Having said that, we will give a
very quick review of the meaning of the key terms used in the equations.

- is the definite integral of function f(x,y,z), taken over a surface S

- is the line integral of function f(x,y,z), over a curve C

- del (∇) performs derivative operations

and

- are the unit vector, vector dot product and vector cross product

Constants

- permittivity of free space (= 8.854187817... F/m)

- permeability of free space (= 4π×10−7 ≈ 1.2566370614...×10−6 H/m)

Summary
This note has introduced the four Maxwell equations:

1. Gauss's Electric Field Law - static electric fields

2. Gauss's Magnetic Field Law - static magnetic fields
3. Faraday's Law - electric fields induced by time varying magnetic fields
4. Ampere Maxwell Law - magnetic fields induced by time varying electric fields
Each of these laws is explained in detail, in associated notes (listed above). If you have any general comments, please
discuss below. If you have a detailed comment on a particular law, please discuss in the detailed note.

Maxwell's Equations, Gauss's Electric Field Law,

Gauss's Magnetic Field Law, Faraday's Law, Ampere
Maxwell Law, Theory, Mathematics, Scientists, Electric
Field, Magnetic Field, Magnetic Induction

More interesting Notes: Steven McFadyen

Maxwell's Equations - Gauss's Electric Field Law Steven has over twenty five years
IEC 60287 Current Capacity of Cables - Rated experience working on some of the
Current largest construction projects. He has a
IEC 60287 Current Capacity of Cables - An deep technical understanding of electrical
Introduction engineering and is keen to share this knowledge.
Laplace Transform About the author
RLC Circuit, Resistor Power Loss - some Modelica
experiments

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blog posts • 3 years ago

These equations are actually useful and important in the field of electricity especially if you are an
electrical engineer. Thus, there would be a lot of people who will going to know this and know on
where should these equations will be use.
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

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