the small size of a cross section of wire or conductor cable .

this is correspond with relation

between voltage and current based on the power formula below :

P=V.I
"With the same load or power, the greater the voltage, the smaller the current will be produced, and the
smaller the current flowing, the smaller the diameter of the cross section of the current will be needed.

Therefore, so that the size or diameter of the electrical conductor cross section needed as a conductor
in the Transmission network does not use a very large conductor size, the way is to use a larger electric
voltage even reach of thousands hundred voltage

Main station.

The main station is an inseparable part of the electricity distribution transmission channel. Where a
power system is centered on a place containing transmission and distribution channels, connecting
equipment , transfomators, and safety equipment and control equipment. Java Bali Electric Power
System in 2010 There were 435 substations with 24 500 kV Extra High voltage substations, 310 GI 150
kV, 101 GI 70 kV.

The main function of the substation:

1. To regulate the flow of electrical power from the transmission line to other transmission lines
,then distributed to consumers

2. As a place of control

3. As a safety operation for the system

4. As a place to reduce the transmission voltage to a distribution voltage

Therefore, if viewed in terms of benefits and usability of the substation itself, then the
equipment and components of the main station must have high reliability. and quality that is
undoubted, or can be said to be optimal in its performance so that the resident as consumers do not
feel disadvantaged by its performance. Therefore, something related to the reconstruction of the
substation construction must have the applicable conditions and the construction of the main station
must be considered load.
 So the planning of a substation must meet the following requirements

1. Operations, namely in terms of easy maintenance and repair

2. Flexibility

3. Simple and strong construction

4. Has a high level of reliability and usability

5. Has a high level of security

c. Distribution

The system of distributing electricity from electricity to consumers (load) is an important thing
to learn. Considering the distribution of electricity, the process goes through several stages, from an
electric power generator producing electricity, channeled to the transmission network ,directly to the
substation. From the electric power substation to the primary distribution network , and through the
distribution substation directly to the secondary distribution network , electricity is channeled to
consumers. Thus the electric power distribution system functions to distribute power electricity to the
user via a low voltage network , while a transmission line serves to deliver extra high-voltage electricity
to large power load centers (through distribution networks).

Electricity Distribution is the process of distributing electricity from the Transmission Network to
customers using electricity. This distribution network is divided into two parts, include :

1. Primary distribution network

Primary distribution network is distribution netwok from reduced transmission network
voltage in main station to medium voltage with 20 KV nominal voltage using step-down
transformator
2. Secondary distribution network
 Secondary distribution network is distribution network from main station to users . in
distribution network started to do dividing electrical power load according to location and
needs, and then dividing this distribution network . before arriving in consumer houses ,
20.000 volt voltage is reduced again to 380 volt ( phase-phase ) or 220 volt (phase – neutral
), using step down transformer , that electrical voltage will enter consumer houses with low
voltage classification ( 220 v or 380 v between phases ).

Two types of voltages in the Distribution Network are as follows:

1. Medium voltage distribution network with the power around 6 kv – 20 kv

2. Low voltage distribution network with the power around 380 volt (phases to phases
)or 220 volt (phase to neutral )

Different of distribution network with transmission network :

No. In term of Distribution Transmission

1 Network location In the city Outside the city
2 System voltage < 30 kV > 30 kV
3 Network form Radial, loop, parallel, Radial and loop
interconnection
4 Distribution system Underground system and in Air system dan under the sea
the air system system
5 Network construction More complicated and More simple
many
6 Network analysis more complicated More simple
7 Calculated circuit component R and L component R, L, and C component
8 Network supporting Network poles Network towers
9 Network supporting pole Less then 20 m 30 – 200 m
height
10 Distribution wire BCC, SAC, AAC, and ACSR and ACAR
AAAC
11 Bend wire With bend wire Without bend wire
12 Network isolator Pin type, post type, Hanging type
hanging type , and ring
type
 13 Besarnya andongan 0–1m 2–5m
14 Function Distributing power to Distributing power to main
consumers station
15 Supporting material Steel , wood and iron steel
16 Space between poles 40 – 100 m 150 – 350 m

Electric power distribution system

An electric power network system is the distribution of electrical energy from a power plant to
the consumer (user) at the required voltage level. This electric power system consists of generating
units, transmission units and distribution units. Electricity distribution system can be divided into two
types, direct distribution system and indirect distribution system.

1. Direct Distribution System

Direct distribution system is an electric power distribution system that is carried out directly from the
Power Plant, and not through the transmission network. This direct distribution system is used if the
Power Plant is located not far from the load centers, usually located in the load service area or on the
edge of the city.

2. Indirect Distribution System

Indirect distribution system is an electricity distribution system that is carried out if the Electric Power
Generation Center is far from the load centers, so that for the distribution of electric power requires the
transmission network as an intermediary network before being connected to a distribution network that
directly transmits electricity to consumers.

Distribution Network Structure

Electric power distribution system consists of several parts, include :

1) mainstation or Power Plant Center

In this section if the electricity distribution system is carried out directly, the first part of the electric
power distribution system is the Electric Power Generation Center. Usually the Power Plant Center is
located at the edge of the city and generally in the form of a Diesel Power Plant (PLTD). To deliver
electricity to load centers (consumers) is done with the primary distribution network and secondary
distribution network. If the electricity distribution system is carried out indirectly, then the first part of
the electric power distribution system is the substation which functions to reduce the voltage of the
transmission network and deliver electricity through the primary distribution network.