The mind is composed of 3 structures which is personality formed:

 ID

 EGO

 SUPER EGO

 ID – it is characterized by its need to satisfy the basic urges and desires

 ID is the pleasure seeking side, impulsive, childlike demand and instant gratification

 EGO- Reality Principles and controls the ID

 SUPER EGO- “conscience and moral judge”

It strives for perfection rather than pleasure

ORAL STAGE

 Pleasure on oral activities

 Over indulge may lead to personality disorder such us over eating, smoking and alcoholism

 While dissatisfaction could lead sarcasm and tactless

ANAL STAGE

 The child derives pleasure from elimination of bowel movement.

 Through toilet training, the child learns the basic rules of society

 Anal fixation can lead to anal retentive personality disorder such us, having obsession to
cleanliness or anal expulsion such us clumisiness.

Phallic Stage

 Pleasure from examining, touching, fondling or displaying their genitals.

 This behaviour is motivated by curiosity about the differences of the anatomy of man and
woman

 Sex curiosity will remain high during the elementary years

 Children will tend to ask questions the anatomical structures,sex and how babies are made

Latency Age

 Sexual energy is repressed because children become occupied with school

Genital Stage

 Pleasure is gain derived from the genital area

 Individual seek to satisfy their sexual derives from sexual relationship

 Sexual Problem may result as consequences in a appropriate sex behaviour

DEFENSE MECHANISM

Denial

 Umbrella to which all the defense mechanism exist.

 Denial, in ordinary English usage, is asserting that a statement or allegation is not true.[1]
psychological defense mechanism by Sigmund Freud, in which a person is faced with a fact that
is too uncomfortable to accept and rejects it instead, insisting that it is not true despite what
may be overwhelming evidence.[2][3]

 The subject may use:

 simple denial: deny the reality of the unpleasant fact altogether

Rationalization:
 The defense mechanism that occurs when the ego does not accept the real motive for the
individual’s behavior and replaces it with a cover motive.

Repression

 Works to push an unacceptable ID impulses and traumatic memories out of the awareness.

 Rationalization is the foundation from which all other defense mechanisms work.

Displacement

 Occurs when an individual shitfs and unacceptable feeling from one object to another more
acceptable one.

 In Freudian psychology, displacement an unconscious defense mechanism whereby the mind

redirects effects from an object felt to be dangerous or unacceptable to an object felt to be safe
or acceptable.

Sublimation

 Occurs when the ego replaces an unacceptable impulse with a socially approved course of
action.

 Sublimation is a defense mechanism that allows us to act out unacceptable impulses by

converting these behaviors into a more acceptable form. Freud believed that sublimation was a
sign of maturity that allows people to function normally in socially acceptable ways

PROJECTION

 Occurs when we attribute our own shortcomings or problem to the fault of others. We can’t
face how our own unwanted feelings so we project them onto others as undesirable traits.

 Projection works by allowing the expression of the desire or impulse, but in a way that the ego
cannot recognize, therefore reducing anxiety

Reaction Formation

 Occurs when we express an unacceptable impulse by transforming into the opposite.

 reduces anxiety by taking up the opposite.

Regression

 Occurs when we behave in a way characteristic of a previous developmental level.

 When confronted by stressful events, people sometimes abandon coping strategies and revert
to patterns of behavior used earlier in development
 Oedipus Complex

A boy’s sexual desire for his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father. A
girl’s desire for her father is called the Electra complex.

Freud's Theory

 Penis envy

 young girls experience anxiety upon realization that they do not have a penis.

 Freud considered this realization a defining moment in a series of transitions toward a mature
female sexuality and gender identity.

 In Freudian theory, the penis envy stage begins the transition from an attachment to the mother
to competition with the mother for the attention, recognition and affection of the father. The
parallel reaction of a boy's realization that women do not have a penis is castration anxiety
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