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Building Information

Modeling
Quantity Take Off Using BIM

Civil Engineering Session 2015-2019 Final Year Project


Quantity Take Off Using BIM
Final Year Project

Instructor
Engr. Asif Raza
Group Members
Name Registration No.
Umair Saleem 02
Muhammad Kamal 06
Mirza Shoaib Nasir (G.L) 20
Talha Najam 24
Muhammad Bilal Khalid 36

Department of Civil Engineering


Quaid-e-Azam College of Engineering and Technology
Sahiwal
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express thanks and gratitude to our teacher Engr. Asif
Raza as well as our laboratory attendant Muhammad Waseem who
gave us the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on the topic
Quantity Take Off Using BIM, which also helped us in doing a lot of
research and We came to know about so many new things We are really
thankful to them.
Secondly we would also like to thank our parents and friends who
helped us a lot in finalizing this Report within the limited time frame.
Contents
Chapter 1 ..................................................................................................................................................... 2
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 2
1.1 Problem Statement:-........................................................................................................................ 3
1.2 Objective:-....................................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Importance:- .................................................................................................................................... 3
1.4 Scope:- ............................................................................................................................................ 4
1.5 Brief introduction of chapters:- ....................................................................................................... 4
Chapter 2 ..................................................................................................................................................... 5
Literature Review ....................................................................................................................................... 5
2.1 Importance of construction industry:- ............................................................................................. 5
2.1.1 Direct Impact of Construction.................................................................................................. 5
2.1.2 Indirect Impact of Construction ............................................................................................... 5
2.2 Problems in construction industry:- ................................................................................................ 5
2.2.1 Cost related problems:- ............................................................................................................ 5
2.2.2 Time related problems ............................................................................................................. 6
2.3 BIM Introduction:- .......................................................................................................................... 7
2.4 BIM as a solution of above mentioned problems:- ......................................................................... 9
2.5 BIM in Pakistan:- ............................................................................................................................ 9
2.5.1 Pakistan BIM council:- ............................................................................................................ 9
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................ 9
Chapter 1
Introduction
The Quantity Take-Off (QTO) is an essential process in project, because it allows managing the
costs involved in construction, supporting the investment analysis, as well as the decision-
making and resources planning. QTO can be applied through the construction process, where
valid results can be obtained in the early stages that will assist the estimation of a preliminary
cost. Before construction, it can be used as a planning tool with the construction activities. The
BIM model guarantees the automatic update of results obtained in QTO after any change in the
model. During the works, it can be used to control the economic part of the construction. The
traditional quantity take-off, through manual measurement of the different project elements, is
based on 2D drawings that can present inconsistencies and, therefore, might produce errors on
the results obtained. (1)
The level of automation in the industry has been a major concern over the last years with the
academic community working hard to raise it. (2) Nowadays, BIM technology presents a valid
alternative to the traditional process, allowing better results to the quantity takeoff process and
raising the automation present in the project, while facilitate the information management in
construction. BIM is an automated tool based on a virtual model where information is
automatically generated from it. BIM tools allow various uses, like visualization and clash
detection, based on the automation and transfer of information using the virtual model. Using
BIM to create bills of quantities will reduce the time spent on obtaining them and, therefore, will
reduce costs on the project. (3) Despite these considerations, this feature is overlooked and BIM
is mainly used to visualization.
The utilization of BIM in QTO process is still target of reservations in the industry, due to some
lack of information about the advantages provided in BIM utilization as a QTO tool. The
strengths of using BIM in a QTO process are:
 Faster execution;
 QTO in design phase;
 Costs analysis through the project;
 Reliable Results;
 Competitive Advantage.
But there are some problems identified, such as:
 Lack of technical standards;
 Insufficient interoperability between systems;
 Changes in the company, due to the necessity of collaborative work and new work
methods;
 Additional work in obtaining quantities that can’t be obtained automatically. (4)
1.1 Problem Statement:-
Quantity takeoff is an important discipline that provides cost management services in the
construction industry. The major tasks provided by quantity surveyors include Quantification,
bills of quantities preparation, estimation and pricing of construction projects. The use of
traditional manual quantity surveying practice such as excel spreadsheet and 2D CAD have made
quantity surveying a tedious and time consuming task, which are less efficient and are more
susceptible to human errors. As a result, it has reduced the performance of quantity Surveyors
which subsequently affect the project cost outcomes. Besides, clients are becoming dissatisfied
with the conventional ways of quantity surveyors performing their practice.
With the help of BIM we can accelerate the quantification of the building for estimating
purposes and for the production of updated estimates and construction planning.

1.2 Objective:-
 To make 3D model in Revit for case study of educational building.
 To use output of Revit in Nevisworks for quantity take-off.

1.3 Importance:-
The design communication is gradually being changed from 2D based to integrated 3D digital
interface. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a model-based design concept, in which
buildings will be built virtually before they get built out in the field, where data models
organized for complete integration of all relevant factors in the building lifecycle which also
manages the information exchange between the Architects, Engineers and Contractors to
strengthen the interaction between the design team.BIM is a shared knowledge about the
information for decisions making during its lifecycle. (5)
Building information modeling is an innovative new approach to building design, construction,
and management. In the construction phase of the building lifecycle, building information
modeling makes available concurrent information on building quality, schedule, and cost.
Completing a construction project within these three important parameters such as time, cost and
quality are criteria of success for a project.
BIM is beneficial to everyone who deals with buildings needs to care about BIM
 A three-dimensional (3D) computer model provides a central place for all parties to
contribute to and pull from;
 Data about each of the physical building elements can be used during all phases, from
construction through building maintenance;
 Information related to time (4D) can be used for scheduling during construction,
communicating changes, and incorporating maintenance intervals and maintenance plans;
 Information related to cost (5D) will help produce lifecycle cost data as well as set
reasonable service-life expectations and maintenance costs;
 And all aspects of the project lifecycle (6D). Need to know who designed the buildings
being worked on? Or who applied the peeling paint on the exterior doors? And what the
expected service life of that paint was, who made it, and how much did it originally cost?
B.I.M. helps answer all of these questions.

1.4 Scope:-
The BIM revolution started 17 years ago when Revit made its debut in the digital and
construction markets, which then catalyzed a change in how collaboration in the construction
industry works. The past five years, we have seen the speed of app developments geared around
the disruption of the construction sector. Multiple companies have been brewing up project
management software with BIM integration capabilities trying to get a slice of the construction
tech pie. The history of BIM has been leading up to this ultimate point of a new construction era.
People will get better and faster at BIM. We have seen the rise and how quickly it has been for
people to adapt the BIM system. Levels of skills in the industry have greatly improved especially
in the past three years. A lot of people now design in BIM and clients are demanding more. BIM
and lifecycle asset management, in fact, has become a must have. The rise of construction
management systems that incorporate BIM is a testament that more and more people in the
construction sector have adopted the use of BIM.

1.5 Brief introduction of chapters:-


Chapter 2
Literature Review
2.1 Importance of construction industry:-
2.1.1 Direct Impact of Construction
The flow of the economy is based in large part around the construction industry. New home
construction is particularly important. According to the Bipartisan Policy Center, residential
house construction can account for 4.5 to 6.3 percent of the nation's gross domestic product.
When this industry contracts, the impact is sufficient to send the economy into a recession.
Economic recovery is also historically tied to the recovery of the housing industry. (6)

2.1.2 Indirect Impact of Construction


Construction requires planning, which creates jobs for architects and engineers. Construction
also requires tools and supplies, which creates jobs for people who manufacture excavation
equipment, cranes, backhoes, lifts, lumber, cement and building supplies. The impact of the
construction industry goes beyond the erection of buildings. New houses and offices need
furniture and appliances. Roads, commercial properties and homes all need landscaping, which
creates the need for maintenance. The construction industry is at the core of this job creation
process. (6)

2.2 Problems in construction industry:-


Nowadays there are different types of problems faced by our construction industries which are
listed below.
 Lack of skilled workers
 Lack of communication
 Unreliable subcontractors
 Scheduling
 High Insurance Costs
 Changing minds of owners
 Available cash
 Document management
 The blame game
But here we will focus on cost and time related Problems

2.2.1 Cost related problems:-


2.2.1.1 Purpose and importance:-
One of the principal objectives of Cost Control for most project or organization is the
achievement of minimum cost for a particular project. Achievement of minimum cost is to
maximize the profit and profit in simple terms is what is left after all the income accruing to the
enterprise has been received and all of the costs or outgoings have been paid. For all construction
projects, cost must be monitored and controlled, whether from the point of view of owner,
designer or a contractor. It helps to distinguish the problems arise and understanding of the
problems which occur in each phase of industry enables better co-ordination of the activities of
the many participants in a single project. (7)

2.2.1.2 Difficulties of applying cost control procedures:-


 Fail to Estimate the Project Exactly
 The Compilation of Project Budget Has Poor Reliability
 Working Drawing Budget is Unpractical
 Do not Follow Basic Construction Procedures and Cannot Control Costs
 Contract is not Managed Well
 Irregular Management and Many Changes for Project
 Rise of Cost Due to Unreasonable Financing Structure
 System is imperfect

2.2.2 Time related problems


2.2.2.1 Purpose and importance:-
Time Management is essentially the ability to organize and plan the time spent on activities in a
day. The result of good time management is increased effectiveness and productivity. It is a key
aspect of project management and involves skills such as planning, setting goals and prioritizing
for a better performance. A lack of effective time management can have a negative impact on a
project in the long run. Time is one of the three triple constraints and any deviation from the
schedule has an effect on the cost and scope of a project. In most cases time really is money.
Ineffective time management can also increase stress and frustration in the project manager and
the team members. (8)

2.2.2.2 Difficulties of applying time management procedure:-


 Poorly defined goals
 Insufficient team skills
 Improper communication
 Geographically dispersed teams
 Not using project management software
 Clash within parties
 Not prioritizing task correctly
 Scope creep
2.3 BIM Introduction:-
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is the process of creating and managing 3D building data
during its development. BIM is a complex multiphase process that gathers input from team
members to model the components and tools that will be used during the construction process to
create a unique perspective of the building process.
The 3D process is aimed at achieving savings through collaboration and visualization of building
components into an early design process that will dictate changes and modifications to the actual
construction process. It is a very powerful tool that when used properly will save money, time
and simplify the construction process.

The BIM application process can be used during design and architecture process creating a clear
picture used for better and more integrated designs. The software will be used to foresee
problems and coordination between different contractors and as a way to generate construction
documents and process that will later be implemented during the physical process. It is ideal
when there are many trades executing at the same moment or when schedules are compressed.
There are multiple applications for BIM so it can be used by the following groups: (9)

 Architecture
 Sustainability
 Structures
 MEP
 Construction management
 Utilities
 Road construction
 Scheduling
 Property management

There are much software used in building information modeling some of them are listed below
with their manufacturer name and main function.
Product Name Manufacturer Primary Function
Navisworks Manage Autodesk 3D model-based design and clash detection
Bentlay Navigator Bentley Dynamic coordination between models and disciplines

Digital Project Suit Gehry Full featured suite: design, review and information
Technologies management
Solibri Model Solibri Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC)
Checker
Synchro Professional Synchro Ltd. Scheduling system and planning simulations

Tekla Structures Tekla 3D structural modeling and detailing


Vico Office Vico Software Various 3D model analysis for coordination,
scheduling and estimating
ARCHICAD Autodesk 3D architectural BIM tool for design and modeling.
Revit Autodesk Building information modeling tool for structural and
MEP engineering, construction, and architectural
design.
Buildertrend Buildertrend Focuses on construction project management.
2.4 BIM as a solution of above mentioned problems:-
2.4

2.5 BIM in Pakistan:-


2.5.1 Pakistan BIM council:-
Pakistan BIM Council is a Standard Organization for Building Information Modeling
as well as Corporate Training Providers to Individuals and to Industry based on the
World wide best practices and Standards. (10)

Bibliography
1. Silva, Bernardo Ferreira e. BIM METHODOLOGY AS A SUPPORT TO THE. s.l. : Tecnico Lisboa, 2016.

2. Monteiro, Martins. A survey on modeling guidelines for quantity takeoff-oriented BIM-based design.
s.l. : Automation in Construction, 2013.

3. Quantitative evaluation of the BIM-assisted construction detailed cost estimates. Shen, Z., Issa, R.R.A.
2010, Journal of Information Technology in Construction (ITcon), pp. 234-257.

4. Understanding stakeholders’ perspective of cost estimation in project management. Doloi, H.K. 2011,
International Journal of Project Management, pp. 622-636.

5. Mahua Mukherjee, J. Vinoth Kumar. https://doaj.org/. Directory of Open Access Journals. [Online]
Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology, 2009. [Cited: 01 26, 2019.]
https://doaj.org/article/6c8aa205f134441e992f47cf9a4fb14c.

6. Zhang, Dalu. Project Time and Cost Control Using Building Information. Fargo, North Dakota : s.n.,
2013.

7. www.ukessays.com. UKEssays. [Online] Difficulties of Cost Control in Construction Industry., Feb 09,
2018. [Cited: 01 26, 2019.] https://www.ukessays.com/dissertation/examples/construction/difficulties-
of-cost-control-during-construction-stage.php.

8. Tran, Linh. www.inloox.com/company/blog/articles. Inloox Blog. [Online] April 10, 2015. [Cited: 01 26,
2019.] https://www.inloox.com/company/blog/articles/the-importance-of-time-management-aspects-
of-project-management-part-1.

9. RODRIGUEZ, JUAN. small business. www.thebalancesmb.com. [Online] September 7, 2018. [Cited: 01


26, 2019.] https://www.thebalancesmb.com/introduction-to-building-information-modeling-bim-
845046.

10. council, Pakistan BIM. Pakistan BIM council. [Online] http://www.pbimc.com/index.

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