Motto

 Hard and faster job …..but must be detail

 Lokasi jelek sudah biasa…. Lokasi bagus
Rrrrruuuaaaarrr biasa……!
 Kalau ngasih kacang jangan berharap jadi
rendang…. karenanya jangan kecewa kalau
yang muncul cuma tempe…..
Drilling Blasting Foreman profile ……

Asep Herman Y. Igor

Sugito

We are the Dream Team

Efficiency Blasting
Techniques
 Why do we blast…??????!!!
 Mine is usually required simply to lossen the rock so that it can be
excavated and transported

 Result muckpile must simply be able to be efficiency and economically

excavated, transported and placed

 The blasting task is to convert the insitu rock mass into a muckpile of
an appropriate fragment size distribution and suitable shape and
loosness to suit the available excavation equipment
- withouth causing excesive damage
- noise
- vibration
- fly rock.

 “To minimise the overal mining cost and maximise the

value of the resulting product”.
Major factor in Fluencing Blast
Efficiency

1. Paying attention to Detail

(is the key to safe, efficient blasting)

2. Each operation must be completed as precisely as possible

3. Efficient blast design require a Group Effort
4. Each operation controls the performance of the next
 Optimum Blast Performance
Blast Design

Design
Bench preparation
Refinement

Performance Pattern
Quantification Lay Out

Excavation Drilling

Blast Loading
 Communication

1. Safe blasting Pactice require Good

Communication between members of
the same group and between groups.
2. Optimum blast design depend on Input
from each group
Three key to Optimum Explosive
Performance

Explosive Energy Level

 Explosive Energy Distribution

 Evenly distributed
 Hole diameter to bench high Relationship
 Angel drill
 Appropriate pattern
 Accurate drill
• Evenly distributed
Hole diameter to bench high
• Angel drill
Accurate drill
Appropriate pattern

Spacing
Spacing
b
a c Burden Burden
Spacing
a

a a
Burden

aSpacing
= 60 degree
a = b= =
Burden c Spacing > burden
> Burden
Spacing Rectangular
Current pattern
Staggered
Square
 Explosive Energy Confinement
• Confined long enough after detonation
 The Explosive path of least resistance must be controlled

• Loaded according to geology

• Stemming length and material type
• Timming configuration
 Accurate delay
Loaded according to geology

Very soft rock (Free

Sliding VerySoil-subsoil
area
digging), soft rock (Free
digging), Soil-subsoil Soft rock (sandy
soil subsoil)
Hard rock abrasive sandstone
Soft rock (Free Hard rock abrasive sandstone
Hard rockHigher
compact, abrasivesilica content (>90%) compact, Higher silica content (70% -
digging,ripping),subsoil
sandstone compact, Higher 80%)
silica content (70% - 80%)
Soft-medium rock
(sandy clay)
Medium rock abrasive
Soft rock (sandy clay) sandstone , lower silica content
(40% - 60%)
Soft Hard
rock rock abrasive
sandstone
Very soft compact, Higher
rock (Free
silica content
digging,ripping), mudstone(70% - 80%)

Hard rock abrasive sandstone

compact, Higher silica content (70% -
80%)
 Explosive Energy Level

1. the structure strength of the rock and

Sufficient to overcome
permit controlled displacement
2. Base on the degree of fragmentation & displacement
required
3. Account for site sensitivity
4. Evaluate high energy explosive for special site condition
5. Maintain explosive quality control with routine testing
 Geological effect

1. Blasting result are in influenced “more by rock

properties” than explosive properties
2. Rock properties
3. Rock strukture
4. Rock hardness
Rock stucture
Rock structure and hardness

Layering (sedimentation)

Rock structure (joint interval)

Sliding area

Rock hardness
(abrasive hard sandstone)
 Blast performance

1. Fragmentation
2. Muckpile shape & digability
3. Grade movement
4. Damage
5. Enviromental impact
6. Downstream handling and processing
7. Cost
 1. Fragmentation

Factor affecting blasting performance in terms

of fragmentation include:
 oversize fragment
 Fine
 Easy of excavation
 Issues detail to the transport of the muck
 Mine customer requirement
 2. Muckpile shape and diggability

 Muckpile shape and The mine Plan

 Distribution of sweel and diggablility
(pragmentation and swell together define
diggabbility or the easy with wich a
muckpile can be excavated)
 Characteristics of excavation equipment

3. Grade Moment
Fragmentation, muckplie and diggability
 4. Damage
 Wall Damage
 Slope Damage
 Coal Roof and edge damage
- Fracturing the top of coal
- Breackage and displacement of the coal edge
- Pushing coal in to the spoil together with overburden
- Mixing dilution material with the coal

5. Environmental Impact
 Ground Vibration
 Air blast

6. Downstream handling and proccessing

7. Cost
Timming

Free Face
Blasting process
Drilling for multi bench

First drill
Second drill Once shallow
drill

Coal seam

Minimise shallow drill for second

lower bench