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Grammar Lesson Plan

Level LINC 5/ CLB 5


(LINC & CLB)
Theme & Topic Travel and Transportation/Cities and Places of Interest
(Content)
General Content Students will be able to talk about an unreal or hypothetical situation in
Objectives the present.

Specific Present Unreal Conditional


Language
Form: If (simple past), would + (base verb)
Objectives
(+) If I had a driver’s licence, I would drive to __________

(-) If I had a driver’s licence, I would not drive to ________

(Yes/no?) If you had a driver’s licence, would you drive to ____?


Yes, I would. No, I would not (wouldn’t).

(Info) If you had a driver’s licence, where would you go?

Function: Hypothetical Situation in the Present

Review contractions for would and would not: I would = I’d, I would
not = I wouldn’t, You would = You’d, He would = He’d

In the present unreal conditional, the written form "was" is not


grammatically correct. In formal spoken and written English, you
should always use "were" for all persons. However, in everyday
spoken conversation, "was" is often used with “I” and “he”.

Only the word "if" is used with the present unreal conditional because
you are discussing imaginary situations. "When" cannot be used.

Review If clause + main clause, or dependent clause + independent


clause.

Materials 7 envelopes/papers with a picture and the first part of an unreal present
conditional phrase
5 images printed
tape
whiteboard, markers, eraser
Time & PROCEDURE
Materials
Contextualization
10-15 minutes TT: Good morning! How is everyone today? Good? ____, how are you
feeling today? How about you _____, how are you? Good?

TT: Well...guess what? Things are about to get really good. Because today I
want you to imagine that some amazing things are going to happen.
Remember how we have recently explored travel? Well, today I want to know
what you would do if a wonderful surprise came along and you got to travel
for free. Dreaming is free, so get excited. OK! I have here 7 envelopes...and I
need to know who is feeling good today? Who is feeling lucky and wants to
travel?

Pick six students, hand out six envelopes.

TT: Please don’t open your envelopes yet. I have kept one for myself because
I feel like travelling, and I also want to demonstrate what you have to do.

First I am going to open my envelope. Look, it says, “If I owned an RV, I


would___________.” So I am going to imagine what I would do if I owned
an RV. I don’t own one, but it would be nice to own one, right? Then I am
going to write down what I would do in this space provided. “If I owned an
RV, I would visit the National Parks in western Canada this summer.” Then I
going to go to the whiteboard, put some tape on the paper, put it here.

With your envelope, you are going to open it, read, imagine, and write. When
you are finished writing, raise your hand. I will call on you. You can show it
to the class and read it out loud, Ok? Any questions? Then let’s begin. Open
your envelope and raise your hand when you are ready to tell us about your
plans.

1st person: If I won the lottery, I would_________”


2nd person: If I had a private plane, I would__________.”
3rd person: If Sara gave me her car, I would ____________.”
4th person: If a friend and I received $1000 as a prize, we would _________.
5th person: If Peter loaned me his sailboat, I would____________.
6th person: If everyone in the class donated $100 dollars to me, I would ___.

TT: OK! Excellent. So I know most of these situations don’t look like they are
happening right now, yes? They are unrealistic situations.
20 minutes Isolation
Need vocabulary.
OK. We have talked about this a bit. To talk about this topic some more, we
need some words.
real (adj.)
Real. What does this word mean? Yes. Anyone else? Yes. You can see it. You
can touch it. Can you give me some examples of things that are real? OK.
We can change that to the opposite.
unreal (adj.)
Unreal. What does this word mean? Yes. It’s not real. We look outside and
know we are in Toronto and it’s cold. Is that real or unreal? Yes. Real.
Susana, What is the temperature in Cuba? What is the colour of the water.
What’s it like there? What can we do there? Is everyone thinking about being
in Cuba. Being in Cuba. [gerund, level 4] Is that real or unreal? Yes. Unreal.
We are not really there. We are thinking about it. We are wishing about it.
hypothetical (adj.)
… like unreal …

[change this]
In your first language, at school, you made plays happen. You have some
people [not actors, 3000, level 8+]. What do you tell them? What do you give
them? … student describes. … What did he do? He made a situation.
situation (noun)
All these things that are happening together.

If time, a second example of students in group work.

Note to self. Do not use “outcome”. It’s in a more formal register. It’s more
in writing than in speaking. Say “what comes out of …” or “what would
happen from ...”.

Sentences similar to contextualization. Get them onto the board, left side.

Different subjects, same verb. Once it gets going, do not do all.


After you opened your envelopes, who talked about winning the lottery?
[Student A]?

Focus on Student A. Ask the student directly.


And what would you do?
Get main clause answer from student [do something, go somewhere].
Rephrase as full statement and write on board.
[Student A]
If I won the lottery, I would ______[do something, go somewhere]

Focus on Student B.
You heard what [Student A] said. Talk to her. Repeat back to her. What
would she do?/Where would she go?
Get main clause answer from student [do something, go somewhere].
Rephrase as full statement and write on board.
[Student B]
If you won the lottery, you would ________[do something]

Focus on Student C.
You heard what [Student A] said. Talk to me. What would she do?/Where
would she go?
Get main clause answer from student [do something].
Rephrase as full statement and write on board.
[Student C]
If she won the lottery, she would ___________[do something]

Focus on one half of the class (Students DD).


You’ve heard about people who work together. And each person puts in one
dollar. And together they buy a ticket. OK. You guys are all in it together.
You buy a ticket. And if you win, you are all going to the same place. You
need to decide. Where are you all going? One place. I want to hear that one
place. You have ten seconds to decide. Go! Five seconds! Time! Where
would you all go?
Get main clause answer from student [do something, go somewhere].
Rephrase as full statement and write on board.
First half of the class.
If we won the lottery, we would ___________[do something]

Focus on one student, Student E, from the other half of the class.
They are all together. You heard what they said. Talk to them. Repeat back to
them. What would they do?/Where would they go?
Get main clause answer from student [do something, go somewhere].
Rephrase as full statement and write on board.
If you won the lottery, you would ___________[do something]

Focus on one student, Student F, from the other half of the class.
They are all together. You heard what they said. Talk to me. What would they
do?/Where would they go?
Get main clause answer from student [do something, go somewhere].
Rephrase as full statement and write on board.
If they won the lottery, they would ___________[do something]

Same subjects, different verbs. First, get the IF clause needed for negation.
Right now, we are looking at Travel & Transportation. And right now, in
LINC 5, we are looking at the topic of Places of Interest. Last month, in
LINC 4, we looked at the topic of Getting a Driver’s Licence. I know that
now some of you have your driver’s licence. And I know that now some of
you do not have your driver’s licence. I need to know who has a driver’s
licence and who does not have a driver’s licence.
Select a student that does not have a driver’s licence. Student G.
If you had a driver’s licence, what would you do?
If I had a driver’s licence, I would __________[do something]

After you opened your envelopes, who talked about having a private plane?
[Student H]?
And what would you do?
Get main clause answer from student [do something, go somewhere].
Rephrase as full statement and write on board.
[Student H]
If I had a private plane, I would ___________[do something]

After you opened your envelopes, who got Sara’s car? [Student I]?
And what would you do?
Get main clause answer from student [do something, go somewhere].
Rephrase as full statement and write on board.
[Student I]
If I got Sara’s car, I would ____________[do something]

Same and Different.


In the first part, what is the same? IF. Underline. Anything else? It’s a
clause, so they all have a subject and a verb. What is different? The subject
and the verb depending on what we want to say. What form is the verb? Yes,
simple past.
In the main clause, what is the same? Would. Underline. Anything else in the
main clause? It’s a clause, so they all have a subject. And they all have
another part of a verb. Underline. What is different? The subject and the
other part of the verb depending on what we want to say. What form is the
verb? Yes, the base verb.

Whiteboard. Middle.
Name. Present Unreal Conditional
Form. If … (simple past), … would + (base verb)
Use. Hypothetical situation in the present
We talk about a situation, a lot of things happening together. We talk about it
in the present, right now. And the situation is unreal, not real. It’s
conditional … if it happened, what would a person do?

Let’s go back to who has a driver’s licence and who does not have a driver’s
licence. I need to know again. Who does not have a driver’s licence?
Select a student that does not have a driver’s licence.
If you had a driver’s licence, what would you do? where would you go?
Student answers.
[Student G] would drive to Montreal.
(+) Positive
If I had a driver’s licence, I would drive to __________

(–) Negative
Select a different student that does not have a driver’s licence.
If you had a driver’s licence, what would you do? where would you go?
Student answers.
You would drive to Vancouver. You would not drive to Montreal. OK.
If I had a driver’s licence, I would drive to Vancouver.
If I had a driver’s licence, I would not drive to Montreal.
If I had a driver’s licence, I would not drive to Montreal.
Let’s look at these two. We have the same IF clause. And for the main
clause, one is positive and the other is negative.

Go to the other side of the class.


Who has a driver’s licence?
Select a student that has a driver’s licence.
You have a driver’s licence. What do you do with it that’s very important.
If you did not have a driver’s licence, what would you do? what problems
would there be? how would you feel?
Student answers.
If I didn’t have a driver’s licence, I would __________.
If I didn’t have a driver’s licence, I would _[some unhappy or bad thing]
Let’s look at this. The main clause is still positive. The IF clause is negative.

(Yes/No Question)
Let’s go back to our positive sentence.
If I had a driver’s licence, I would drive to _______.
Let’s make a Yes/No question.
If you had a driver’s licence, would you drive to ________?
For the question sentence … First, put her in the unreal situation. Second,
ask her about what she would do and be very specific.
And the answers? …
Yes, I would. No, I would not (wouldn’t).

(Info Question)
Let’s make an information question. And … First, put her in the unreal
situation. Second, ask her what she would do.
If you had a driver’s licence, where would you go?
Or
If you had a driver’s licence, what would you do?
Persons.

If I | |I | |
If you | had | you | would | …
If she/he/it | won | she/he/it | |
If we | got | we | |
If you | received | you | |
If they | | they | |
They are all the same. In the IF clause, first IF, then the subject, then the
verb in simple past which is the same for all persons. In the main clause, the
subject, then would, then the base verb, and then the rest of the sentence.

Whiteboard Right Side

No time expressions.

Spelling.
There are contractions, but we’ve seen them before.
Do not write them all. Write “I”. Verbally review the others.
If …, I would → I’d
If …, you would → you’d
If …, she would → she’d
If …, we would → we’d
If …, you would → you’d
If …, they would → they’d

And there are contractions for “would not”. We’ve seen them before also.
Do not write them all. Write “I”. Verbally review the others.
If …, I would not → I wouldn’t
If …, you would not → you wouldn’t
If …, she would not → she wouldn’t
If …, we would not → we wouldn’t
If …, you would not → you wouldn’t
If …, they would not → they wouldn’t
Special with “be”.
There is one special case. And that’s when we use the verb “be”.
In English, there is a way of speaking and writing with “be”. And it is used
here with Present Unreal Conditional. It is like this.
Write beside Persons.
BE
If | I | were | ___________ | I | would | ...
| you | were | | you | |
| she/he/it | were | | she/he/it | |
| we | were | | we | |
| you | were | | you | |
| they | were | | they | |
In the IF clause, BE is always “were”. It doesn’t change.
Make some examples using nouns, proper nouns, adjectives after “be”.
If I were the Prime Minister (I’m not. That’s unreal.), I would make every
Wednesday a holiday.
If you were older (You’re not. You’re young.), you would remember that big
event.
Student A drives a long way. I was talking with Student B does not want to
drive so much. If he (B) were A (and he’s not, that’s unreal), he’d move to a
place nearby.

Pronunciation.
In everyday speaking, in informal speaking, you do not always hear “were”.
You hear something else.
If I were … → If I was …
If he were … → If he was …
In formal speaking and writing, you use “were”.

Review. Just presentation. No interaction.


Situation.
Do not have a driver’s licence.
Example sentence.
If I had a driver’s licence, I would drive to Montreal.
Called.
Present Unreal Conditional.
How make it.
If … (simple past), … would + base verb
What used for.
To talk about a hypothetical situation in the present.
Positive
If I had a driver’s licence, I would drive to Montreal.
Negative (in main clause)
If I had a driver’s licence, I would not drive to Montreal.
Y/N Q.
If you had a driver’s licence, would you drive to Montreal?
Info Q.
If you had a driver’s licence, where would you drive?
Persons
For all persons, singular and plural,it is standard.
Contractions
I would → I’d and I would not → I wouldn’t
Special
There is something special with BE. It is always “were”.
Pronunciation
With BE, you will hear “was” in informal speaking.
Test
In formal speaking and in writing, it is correct to write “were”.

10 minutes Verification

Okay. Let’s imagine …

Here are some more envelopes.


What would you do if…

(WIN) A TRIP FOR 2 TO (YOUR CHOICE)

*If I won a trip for two I would go to Paris with my friend.


What would you do if you went to Paris with your friend?
*If I went to Paris with my friend I would see the Eiffel Tower

(*Corrective feedback on form)

(LIVE) ON AN ISLAND

*If I lived on an island, I would lay on the beach all day.


What would you eat if you were alone on the island?
*If I were alone on the island, I would make sushi.

(FIND) $1 M
*If I found $1 million, I would travel the world.
Do you know where SS would go to first? Can you ask where he would go
first if he traveled the world?

What about you? SS, what would you do if you found $1 million?
*If I had $1 million I would buy my dream car.
If you bought your dream car, where would you go?

TODAY (BE) SATURDAY


*If today were Saturday, I would watch a movie.
Can you ask SS what they would do if today were Saturday?

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