IoT SMART CITY

LITERATURE REVIEW
Strohbach, M., Ziekow, H., Gazis, V., & Akiva, N. (2015). Towards a big data analytics
framework for IoT and smart city applications. In Modeling and processing for next-generation
big-data technologies (pp. 257-282). Springer, Cham.

In this article Strohbach et al., (2015) provides an overview of the big data and internet of
things technologies and the relationship between them. The authors describe a case study in
which smart grid domain consults about how analytical big data framework helps in achieving
high-level requirements. An initial format of this framework is presented in the study which
helps in addressing the challenge of volume and velocity. Due to increase in the valuable amount
of data, advancement in the internet of things technology and big data technologies citizens and
urban decision makers are having increased opportunities to give analytical services in the
development of smart city projects. In addition, the wide range of machine learning algorithms
has only made this easier for smart city application. However, the study identifies that a gap
exists in combining the present state of art into a well-integrated framework that can assist in
reducing the costs of development and foster new services in this domain. The framework
described in the study is helpful in understanding the challenges and outlook in order to
understand the potential of this system. The use of IoT in the smart city will help urban people in
increasing their quality of life in the growing rush of population. Modern cities are faced by a
number of challenges like population, traffic, pollution, energy resources, etc. These issues can
be effectively managed by developing a modern smart city. It is essential for the urban decision
makers and citizens to make the right evaluations based on the data and identifying key
information from them. Data is a new gold for managing urban situations and creation of new
values. The study depicts that for development of smart city data sources can be mined easily by
using data analytics and techniques. This will help in creating innovative services that will
ultimately help in increasing the quality of life of the citizens.

Jin, J., Gubbi, J., Marusic, S., & Palaniswami, M. (2014). An information framework for
creating a smart city through internet of things. IEEE Internet of Things journal, 1(2), 112-121.

In this article Jin et al., (2014) proposes a framework that describes a complete urban
information system ranging from sensory to the networking support structure. This framework
works through a data management and cloud-based integration of different systems or services.
This forms a part of the existing cyber-physical system and transforms the vision of IoT. A
noise-mapping case study is described using a new method of existing operations in order to
visualize the smart city. This noise mapping helps in getting insights into traffic congestion,
flying analytics and other transport functions. This method helps in advancement and delivery of
a variety of important services. The increasing population in modern cities has increased the
demand for and systematic and adequate structure for meeting the needs of the inhabitants, local
residents, labourers and the visitors. The use of information and communication technologies is
found to be effective in achieving this objective of a smart city and where citizens can access a
wealth of useful information and live peacefully. The findings of the study describe that IoT can
be seen as a helpful tool in helping citizens in the development of smart city where users and
management can avail information about the urban environment. This information can help in
providing a base for a variety of decisions, actions and strategic planning. The study further
asserts that in order to develop the smart city, a business model is essential for faster
technological advancement.

Gaur, A., Scotney, B., Parr, G., & McClean, S. (2015). Smart city architecture and its
applications based on IoT. Procedia computer science, 52, 1089-1094.

In this article Gaur et al., (2015) proposes about the Multi-level smart city architecture
which is based upon the semantic web technology and Dempster-Shafer theory of uncertainty.
This architecture is explained and studied in terms of its use in the real-time situations. The
proposed architecture helps in understanding the use of effective technology in understanding
data management and generating information that is useful for the managing resources in a
uniformed manner. It is well known that smart city provides an intelligent way of managing
various elements of city such as transport, energy, environment, etc. The use of data generated
by IoT helps in making life easier by imposing application in industrial as well as consumer
lives. They can be applied in monitoring health, applications in smart home, water as well as
environment. The data generated by the wireless networks is in large amounts which can help in
development of smart city infrastructure and sustainable use of resources. The study further
focuses on combining the networks of internet communications technology with wireless
technology and computer networks in order to revolutionize the concept of smart city. The
models prescribed in the study helps in understanding several important aspect of the smart city
environment. However, there is a need to discover real-time information and the development of
a semantic model.

Centenaro, M., Vangelista, L., Zanella, A., & Zorzi, M. (2016). Long-range
communications in unlicensed bands: The rising stars in the IoT and smart city scenarios. IEEE
Wireless Communications, 23(5), 60-67.

In this study Centenaro et al., (2014, March) describes a new approach in order to support
connectivity in the IoT. The study discusses the advantages over the paradigms on the basis of
efficiency, effectiveness and infrastructural design that is specially made for complex smart city
applications. In smart cities, connectivity is one of the basic building blocks in IoT. IoT is mainly
known as a network of things connected internally for a seamless integration between humans
and the devices. It also enables interaction between the connected devices which is commonly
known as machine to machine communication. The approaches for data connectivity are based
on the various mesh networks and short-range communication technologies in unlicensed
spectrums. These are mainly long ranged cellular technology such as GSM/3G that operates in
licensed frequency spectrums. These models are continuously challenged with the new ones due
to low fares, and long-range transmission in a sub-gigahertz spectrum. In smart cities, the use of
technology and connectivity is increasing at an increasing rate. This has increased the demand
for greater connectivity and faster speed in the cellular and broadband networks. The application
of this new approach will help in accessing networks with a star topology and will be more
efficient and effective in terms of the growing needs of smart city and advancement.
REFERENCES

Centenaro, M., Vangelista, L., Zanella, A., & Zorzi, M. (2016). Long-range
communications in unlicensed bands: The rising stars in the IoT and smart city scenarios. IEEE
Wireless Communications, 23(5), 60-67.

Gaur, A., Scotney, B., Parr, G., & McClean, S. (2015). Smart city architecture and its
applications based on IoT. Procedia computer science, 52, 1089-1094.

Jin, J., Gubbi, J., Marusic, S., & Palaniswami, M. (2014). An information framework for
creating a smart city through internet of things. IEEE Internet of Things journal, 1(2), 112-121.

Strohbach, M., Ziekow, H., Gazis, V., & Akiva, N. (2015). Towards a big data analytics
framework for IoT and smart city applications. In Modeling and processing for next-generation
big-data technologies (pp. 257-282). Springer, Cham.