Experiment 5. Sedimentation Llanes, Shyrell Katrin D.
CHE131L – A03 BS in Chemical Engineering Sedimentation
Llanes, Shyrell Katrin D.
CHE131L – Chemical Engineering Laboratory 1 / A03
1st term of A.Y. 2017-2018
Mapúa Institute of Technology at Laguna
Malayan Colleges Laguna ABSTRACT gravity. It is used to create a suspension includes accomplished by concentration the following: (1) In this experiment, the decreasing the gradient- where more when a wide range of slurry height at velocity of the water particles near the particle sizes are different chalk-water being treated to a bottom of the cell than present in the feed, concentrations were point below which the near the top. under differential settling recorded as time particles will no longer hindered settling rates between large elapsed. The effects remain in suspension. conditions. and small particles of the slurry When the velocity no lead to modification of concentrations were In batch longer supports the the effective density of determined using sedimentation, transport of the the suspension, (b) sedimentation curves, suspension of particles, gravity will the upward velocity of plotting interface particles is allowed to remove them from the the fluid is greater at height vs time. stand in a settling flow. higher concentrations, Varying tank or column. When (c) the velocity concentrations of In a glass cylinder, a particle is at a gradients in the fluid chalks in water are when solids diffuse sufficient distance surrounding the observed and through the interface, from the walls of the particles are greater compared. It is later the process starts container and from due to the closer found out that all then to settle from a other particles, the proximity of the concentrations have slurry during a batch process is called free particles and (d) the the same trend of settling test and settling. On the other ability of particles to decreasing assumed to approach hand, when particles aggregate is sedimentation height. terminal velocities are crowded and enhanced at higher Results showed that Thus, several zones settles at a lower rate, concentrations. that the slurry exhibits of concentration will the process is called hindered settling. be established. The hindered settling. particle is not actually INTRODUCTION The reasons for sent all the way to the modification of the Sedimentation is bottom of the cell, settling rate of simply the process of resulting in a particles in a letting suspended sediment. Rather, a concentrated material settle by low centrifugal field is Experiment 5. Sedimentation Llanes, Shyrell Katrin D. CHE131L – A03 BS in Chemical Engineering 3. Identify the water measured 20 19 17 regimes using the accordingly in the 22 19 17 24 19 17 necessary sedimentation graph/s and tubes. ( 500 mm, establish from 600 mm, 700 mm, Hindered settling and 800 mm) and Free settling. 3. The 4. or the hindered sedimentation settling regime tubes with the plot a graph from chalk and water which value of ‘n’ mixture shall be Figure 2. Effect of can be found out. mixed by shaking Varying Height and Figure 1. The relation from the cylinder Concentration on Sedimentation Set- which ‘n’ will be manually. Sedimentation up found out has Ut 4. The tubes are Legends: ■ 300 ■ 420 EXPERIMENT in it, and hence placed in the grip ■ 542 ■ 610 OBJECTIVES use the graph brooches of the plotted to find out sustenance board ANALYSIS, 1. Determine the the value of Ut and the time will INTERPRETATION, effect of solid and compare this be recorded. The & CONCLUSION slurry value from Ut interphase height concentration in a obtained from is measured The height decreases batch free settling every 3 minutes. quickly at the first 10 sedimentation regime. minutes and slows setup by plotting DATA AND RESULTS down after until METHODOLOGY the height of the Table 1. Tabulated constant height is interface vs. time Results of Materials: Chalk, reached. At a short data. Interface Height Hammer, Digital period of two minutes 2. Figure out the Balance, vs. Time time interval, particles number of points Sedimentation are well distributed in that could be Height Equipment 300 420 a water phase (mm) used for Time particles suspended smoothing (using (min) 1. Grind the chalk in water. moving average) 2 39 28 into powder using 4 28 22 the velocity vs. 6 24 20 a hammer. Possible errors are concentration 8 22 19 2. The weight of the 10 22 18 touching the particle curve and use it 12 21 18 grinded chalk will material before mixing to smoothen the 14 20 17 be held constant 16 20 17 with water, which curve. 18 20 17 with the height of decreases the 3 concentration or weight. Different people also shake the tubes which can cause varying particle distribution. One factor affecting sedimentation is the particle size diameter. The formed flocs will cause an increase in sedimentation rate due to increase in size of sediment particles. It does not only depend on size but also on porosity, preserve in the sediment which contains an amount of entrapped liquid.
REFERENCES
1. Rhodes, M. (2008 ). Introduction to Particle Technology 2nd Edition . Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham, Wiltshire: John Wiley and Sons Ltd