M V J COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

(An ISO 9002 certified institution)
BANGALORE-560 037

ARTFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

PRESENTED BY

N CHAYA

1MJ06TE029
INTRODUCTION
An artificial neural network are usually
called as “neural network”. The
artificial neural networks forms a
mathematical model or computational
model that tries to stimulate the
functional and the structural behavior of
a biological neural networks. It forms
the interconnected group of artificial
neurons and process the information to
form a computation using connectionist
approach .in most cases artificial neural
networks is an adaptive system that
changes its structure based on external or
internal information that flows through
the network during the learning phase.
Neural networks are non-linear statistical
data modeling tools. They can be used to
model complex relationships between
inputs and outputs or to find patterns in
data.
There is no perfect definition for neural
networks ,but it can be said that it
involves a network of simple processing
elements such as “neurons” it exhibits a
complex behaviour , determined by the
connections between the processing
elements and the elemental parameters.
The inspiration for the artificial neural
networks came from the “central neural
system”and the neurons (and their
axons, dendrites and synapses) which
constitute one of its most significant
information processing elements (see
neuroscience). In a neural network
model, simple nodes, called variously
"neurons", "neurodes", "PEs"
"processing elements" or "units", are
connected together to form a network of
nodes — hence the term "neural
network". While a neural network does
not have to be adaptive per se, its
practical use comes with algorithms
designed to alter the strength (weights)
of the connections in the network to
produce a desired signal flow.
The basic architecture consists of three
types of neuron layers: input, hidden,
and output layers
A neural network has to be
configured such that the
application of a set of inputs
produces the desired set of
outputs. Various methods to set
the strengths of the connections
exist. One way is to set the
weights explicitly, using a priori
knowledge. Another way is to
train the neural network by feeding it
teaching patterns and letting it changeits
weights according to some learning rule.
  ANN parallel processing -
Fast,Can handle large
APPLICATIONS amounts sensory information.

 Approximate matching /
 System identification and control Generalisation .
 Game-playing and decision
making (backgammon, chess,  Robust to structural variations.
racing)
 Pattern recognition (radar  Pre-processing less critical.
systems, face identification,
object recognition and more),  ANN Learning _No need for
 Data mining (or knowledge knowledge design,Easier to re-
discovery in databases, "KDD"), configure.
visualization and e-mail spam
filtering.
 Artificial neural networks in DISADVANTAGE
laboratory medicine.
 The Application of Artificial
Neural Networks to  Minimizing overfitting requires a
Monitoring and Control of and great deal of computational
Induction Hardening Process. effort.
 Artificial Neural Networks to  The individual relations between
misuse detection. the input variables and the output
 Multiprocessor scheduling and variables are not developed by
task assignment. engineering judgment so that the
 VLSI placement and routing. model tends to be a black box or
 Credit Scoring- Determine input/output table without
whether a load should be analytical basis.
approved based on features  The sample size has to be large.
extracted from applicant’s
information.
 Improving direct mailing
response rate.
 Machine Control/Robot
manipulation.
 Financial/Scientific/Engineering
Time seriesforecasting.
 Inverse modeling of vocal tract.

ADVANTAGES