SAINT PAUL UNIVERSITY DUMAGUETE

COLLEGE OF NURSING

S.Y. 2018-2019

2. Developmental Milestones

Chronological Gross Fine Personal and Socialization Language Skills Play

Age Development Development
Expected Expected Expected Behavior: Show a big Expected Behavior: Expected Behavior:
Behavior: Behavior: desire for independence and This age is Most 4-year-olds
Are aware Has improved want to do as much as possible definitely a chatty love using their
hand-eye by themselves. It’s normal for one, as more imaginations. They
of their
coordination them to be cooperative one language skills may even develop
own place which results minute and overly demanding the develop (what they imaginary friends.
in space in an ability next. But overall, they are say and what they The child may go
and be less to string gaining better control over understand) at an between reality and
likely to beads, do their emotions. Becomes more astounding rate. pretend play
bump into simple buttons, aware of other people’s The child should constantly.
4 years old others complete feelings. Experiences a broad have about 2,500- They might enjoy
puzzles, and range of emotions, such as 3,000 words they playing house or
while
color inside jealousy, excitement, anger, understand by their dress up, and
moving. the lines. and fear. May become more fourth birthday. getting their
Their focused on winning when playing friends involved,
running Observable games. Temper tantrums are Observable too. Shows an
abilities Behavior: The (hopefully) becoming less and Behavior: She can interest in goal
will child has full less frequent as the child has fully understand setting for herself—
improve control of learned coping mechanisms, but what we are saying like learning how to
using her spoon a major life event, such as a and can speak words ride a two-wheeler,
dramaticall
and fork. She move, a divorce, or the birth clearly. She or learning how to
y and also has a good of a sibling can definitely actively listens to pump a swing. Wants
they may and firm grasp affect the child's moods and our conversations to make decisions on
even be while holding behaviors. While trusted and participates or their own, such as
able to certain things adults, like parents butts in whenever picking out their
dribble a and grandparents, are still the she gets the chance own clothing or
 SAINT PAUL UNIVERSITY DUMAGUETE

COLLEGE OF NURSING

S.Y. 2018-2019

soccer primary source of the child's to. choosing a snack.

ball. Are interactions, the opinions Understands the
constantly of friends and peers are concepts of numbers—
starting to become more that the number four
in motion;
important. Establishes real represents four
jumps; friendships, and may even have flowers or four
skips. a "best friend. More readily balls.
shares and takes turns with
peers. Still looks to a trusted Observable Behavior:
adult for help when needed. The child is active.
Observable
She has lots of
Behavior:
things she wants to
The child Observable Behavior: The child do or be engaged in.
is active. has a group of friends that she She sleeps early to
Her mind is constantly plays with. There prepare for her
quite sharp was this instance that one of school activities
and she has her classmates gave her a hard the next day. She
lots of time but she immediately also exhibits
ideas. She reported it to her teacher and knowledge in
can eat her told her grandmother about it. handling technology
meals by She’s independent with her as her grandmother
herself activities and doesn’t show mentioned she knows
while uneasiness when her mother is how to manipulate
listening away for work. her mother’s phone.
and
stealing
glances at
us from
time to
time.
 SAINT PAUL UNIVERSITY DUMAGUETE

COLLEGE OF NURSING

S.Y. 2018-2019

3. Developmental Theories

Developmental Theories Stage Expected Behavior Nursing Implications Observed Data

Piaget’s Stage of Preoperational Thought

Cognitive Development

Erikson’s Stages of Initiative vs. Guilt

Childhood

Child learns sexual 1. Accept children’s

Freud’s Stages of Phallic Stage identity through sexual interest,
Childhood awareness of genital such as fondling
area. their own
genitals, as a
normal area of
exploration.
2. Help parents
answer child’s
questions about
birth to sexual
differences.

Kohlberg’s Stages of Preconventional (Level

Moral Development I) Stage 2:
Individualism