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Fracking: A Public

Controversy
Kaylee, Jack, Jonathan & Sean
What is Fracking
Where Does Fracking Occur?

● The U.S., China, Germany, Poland,


Canada and more

● Pennsylvania
Benefits of Fracking

● Economic
● Energy Security
● Political
● Environmental

*Courtesy of Autos Post


Access to More Gas and Oil *Courtesy of the Journalist’s Resource

● 100 more years of


gas security for
US/Canada
● Natural gas will still
supply over 50% of
the world’s energy in
2040
Decreased Dependency on Foreign Oils
(Geopolitics)

● International trade
balance for gas
● US natural gas
imports decreased
by 25% (2007-11)

*Courtesy of North American Shale


Lower Gas Prices

*Courtesy of Brookings

● Decrease in gas prices → Gradual drop in


electricity prices in the long run
● Domestic suppliers lower taxes and prices
with no foreign exchange
Better Air Quality

● Burning natural gases


release ½ CO2
amount that burning
coal does
● Fracking reduces CO2
emissions → helps
slow global warming

*Courtesy of Auburn University College of Liberal Arts


Economic Growth

● US produced 8.5
million ft^3 of natural
gas (2011)
● Now export 5 million
barrels of crude and
oil products

*Courtesy of Enerdynamics
Job Growth

● 67% rise in
employment in
oil and natural
gas extraction
(2003-12)
*Courtesy of Slide Share
Defects of fracking
1. Water contamination & increased droughts
Defects of fracking
2. Consumes a huge amount of water

On average, 8 million liters of waters are used in a fracking process, which represents the
daily water consumption of 65,000 people.
Defects of fracking
3. Can trigger earthquake

In 2011, there were 188 earthquakes

In 2015, there were 1,000 earthquakes.

The highest level earthquake reached 5.6


in Oklahoma in 2016.

Oklahoma
Defects of fracking
4. Pollutants impacts ( process of fracking)

Cornell university

Fracking Creates methane leaks

Negates the benefits of switching


to natural gas
Defects of fracking
4. Pollutants impacts ( process of fracking)
Negative effect of hazardous

chemical use on the health of people

Symptoms of dizziness and nausea,


even possible birth defects and blood disorders.
Natural Gas Fracking in
Pennsylvania
Where does fracking occur in the state?
What are the environmental violations and their
cost?
Environmental violations in Pennsylvania

*Dimock PA well water after fracking began nearby *Northern PA fracking site
Western PA cracker plant

*Ongoing construction of Shell cracker plant in


Monaca, PA
*Ohio River which borders the cracker plant property
Local Community Concerns

*Image of blasting sight on cracker plant property *High rate of traffic on Vanport bridge on I-376
Conclusion
Image Sources
● https://www.autospost.com/cat/jobs-in-the-hydraulic-fracturing-industry
● https://journalistsresource.org/studies/environment/energy/environmental-costs-benefits-fracking
● http://northamericanshalemagazine.com/articles/868/api-report-says-economic-impact-of-fracking-
positive-for-world
● https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brookings-now/2015/03/23/the-economic-benefits-of-fracking/
● https://cla.auburn.edu/ces/energy/fracking/
● https://blog.enerdynamics.com/2013/08/30/update-on-natural-gas-fracking/
● https://www.slideshare.net/OhioEnviroCouncil/20137econfrack-full
● https://www.policynote.ca/methane-emissions-from-fracking-clean-lngs-dirty-secret/
● https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/fracking-dangers-environment-water-damage-
radiation-contamination-study-risks-a7837991.html
● https://www.mprnews.org/story/2016/11/30/epa-changes-fracking-study
● http://www.lifeionizers.com/blog/fracked-drinking-water/
Image Sources
● https://www.postindependent.com/news/local/usgs-maps-fracking-related-earthquakes/
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drought
● https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/daily-water-drink-reminder/id466387763?mt=8
● http://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/drilling/
● https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-14432401
● http://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/drilling/
● https://www.wsj.com/articles/pennsylvania-governor-and-fracking-sector-face-off-on-budget-
regulations-1435603330?ns=prod/accounts-wsj
● https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2015/06/04/epa-fracking-tainted-drinking-water-but-
problems-not-widespread
● https://blogs.sierraclub.org/planet/2014/10/fracking-pennsylvanias-public-lands.html
● https://www.post-gazette.com/business/powersource/2016/12/12/on-the-fenceline-and-on-the-
fence-about-shell-cracker-plant-pennsylvania-beaver-county/stories/201612120024
Image Sources
● https://marcellusdrilling.com/category/industrywide-issues/page/58/?ak_action=reject_mobile
● http://www.timesonline.com/article/20150916/News/309169930
● http://www.timesonline.com/news/20180601/vanport-bridge-to-close-to-traffic-saturday-because-
of-delivery-to-shell-site

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